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Author |
Berthelot, A.; Bogaerts, A. |
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Title |
Modeling of plasma-based CO2conversion: lumping of the vibrational levels |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Plasma sources science and technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plasma Sources Sci T |
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Volume |
25 |
Issue |
25 |
Pages |
045022 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Abstract  |
Although CO2 conversion by plasma technology is gaining increasing interest, the
underlying mechanisms for an energy-efficient process are still far from understood. In this work, a reduced non-equilibrium CO2 plasma chemistry set, based on level lumping of the vibrational levels, is proposed and the reliability of this level-lumping method is tested by a self-consistent zero-dimensional code. A severe reduction of the number of equations to be solved is achieved, which is crucial to be able to model non-equilibrium CO2 plasmas by 2-dimensional models. Typical conditions of pressure and power used in a microwave plasma for CO2 conversion are investigated. Several different sets, using different numbers of lumped groups, are considered. The lumped models with 1, 2 or 3 groups are able to reproduce the gas temperature, electron density and electron temperature profiles, as calculated by the full model treating all individual excited levels, in the entire pressure range investigated. Furthermore, a 3-groups model is also able to reproduce the shape of the vibrational distribution function (VDF) and gives the most reliable prediction of the CO2 conversion. A strong influence of the vibrational excitation on the plasma characteristics is observed. Finally, the limitations of the lumped-levels method are discussed. |
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Wos |
000380380200036 |
Publication Date |
2016-07-08 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0963-0252 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.302 |
Times cited |
33 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 606889 and it was also carried out in the framework of the network on Physical Chemistry of Plasma-Surface Interactions—Interuniversity Attraction Poles, phase VII (PSI-IAP7) supported by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO). The computational work was carried out using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UA), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UA. |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.302 |
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Call Number |
c:irua:134397 |
Serial |
4101 |
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Author |
Billet, J.; Vandewalle, S.; Meire, M.; Blommaerts, N.; Lommens, P.; Verbruggen, S.W.; De Buysser, K.; Du Prez, F.; Van Driesche, I. |
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Title |
Mesoporous TiO2 from poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide)-b-polystyrene block copolymers for long-term acetaldehyde photodegradation |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Journal of materials science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Mater Sci |
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Volume |
55 |
Issue |
55 |
Pages |
1933-1945 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Although already some mesoporous (2–50 nm) sol–gel TiO2 synthesis strategies exist, no pore size control beyond the 12 nm range is possible without using specialized organic structure-directing agents synthetized via controlled anionic/radical polymerizations. Here, we present the use of reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization as a straightforward and industrial applicable alternative to the existing controlled polymerization methods for structure-directing agent synthesis. Poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide)-block-polystyrene (PDMA-b-PS) block copolymer, synthesized via RAFT, was chosen as structure-directing agent for the formation of the mesoporous TiO2. Crack-free thin layers TiO2 with tunable pores from 8 to 45 nm could be acquired. For the first time, in a detailed and systematic approach, the influence of the block size and dispersity of the block copolymer is experimentally screened for their influence on the final meso-TiO2 layers. As expected, the mesoporous TiO2 pore sizes showed a clear correlation to the polystyrene block size and the dispersity of the PDMA-b-PS block copolymer. Surprisingly, the dispersity of the polymer was shown not to be affecting the standard deviation of the pores. As a consequence, RAFT could be seen as a viable alternative to the aforementioned controlled polymerization reactions for the synthesis of structure-directing agents enabling the formation of mesoporous pore size-controlled TiO2. To examine the photocatalytic activity of the mesoporous TiO2 thin layers, the degradation of acetaldehyde, a known indoor pollutant, was studied. Even after 3 years of aging, the TiO2 thin layer retained most of its activity. |
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Wos |
000494929300001 |
Publication Date |
2019-11-05 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0022-2461 |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
2.599 |
Times cited |
2 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; Ghent University is acknowledged for funding the research presented in this paper. M. Meire and S. W. Verbruggen acknowledge the FWO-Flanders (Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders) for financial support. The authors thank Bernhard De Meyer for the SEC analysis, Hannes Rijckaert for the cross-sectional analysis, Tom Planckaert for BET analysis of the meso-TiO<INF>2</INF> powders, Jeroen Kint for the porosiellipsometry tests and Frank Driessen for the MALDI-TOF analysis. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.599 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:163842 |
Serial |
5969 |
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Author |
Tambuyzer, B.R.; Bergwerf, I.; de Vocht, N.; Reekmans, K.; Daans, J.; Jorens, P.G.; Goossens, H.; Ysebaert, D.K.; Chatterjee, S.; Van Marck, E.; Berneman, Z.N.; Ponsaerts, P. |
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Title |
Allogeneic stromal cell implantation in brain tissue leads to robust microglial activation |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Immunology and cell biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Immunol Cell Biol |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Antwerp Surgical Training, Anatomy and Research Centre (ASTARC); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP); Bio-Imaging lab; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Abstract |
Although adult and embryonic stem cell-based therapy for central nervous system (CNS) injury is being developed worldwide, less attention is given to the immunological aspects of allogeneic cell implantation in the CNS. The latter is of major importance because, from a practical point of view, future stem cell-based therapy for CNS injury will likely be performed using well-characterised allogeneic stem cell populations. In this study, we aimed to further describe the immunological mechanism leading to rejection of allogeneic bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BM-SC) after implantation in murine CNS. For this, we first investigated the impact of autologous and allogeneic BM-SC on microglia activation in vitro. Although the results indicate that both autologous and allogeneic BM-SC do not activate microglia themselves in vitro, they also do not inhibit activation of microglia after exogenous stimuli in vitro. Next, we investigated the impact of allogeneic BM-SC on microglia activation in vivo. In contrast to the in vitro observations, microglia become highly activated in vivo after implantation of allogeneic BM-SC in the CNS of immune-competent mice. Moreover, our results suggest that microglia, rather than T-cells, are the major contributors to allograft rejection in the CNS. |
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Place of Publication |
Adelaide |
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Wos |
000266208800003 |
Publication Date |
2009-03-17 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0818-9641 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4.557 |
Times cited |
31 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.557; 2009 IF: 4.200 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:74903 |
Serial |
4515 |
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Author |
Cagno, S.; Badano, M.B.; Mathis, F.; Strivay, D.; Janssens, K. |
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Title |
Study of medieval glass fragments from Savona (Italy) and their relation with the glass produced in Altare |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Journal of archaeological science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Archaeol Sci |
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Volume |
39 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
2191-2197 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Altare was in the medieval and post-medieval period an important glassmaking center in the Liguria region in Northern Italy. The first historical evidence of glassmaking in Altare is dated to the twelfth century. In spite of that, due to the continuity of glassmaking up to the present time and the contemporaneous intensive urbanization of the territory, no medieval glass from Altare or its immediate vicinity has been analyzed up to now. In this work, glass from archaeological excavations in the center of Savona, city with close ties with the glassmaking center, was studied. Glass fragments, dated from the tenth to the sixteenth century were selected from the collections of the Archaeological Museum in Savona and non-destructively analyzed with quantitative PIXE-PIGE. The resulting compositions, compared with known glass productions of the same time and evaluated on the basis of historical documents, offer an interesting panorama on the variety of glass circulation in Liguria. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Wos |
000305849400027 |
Publication Date |
2012-03-29 |
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ISSN |
0305-4403 |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
2.602 |
Times cited |
21 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; This research was supported by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme – Belgian Science Policy (IUAP VI/16). The text also presents results of GOA “XANES meets ELNES” (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium) and from FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0704.08 and G.01769.09. The authors gratefully acknowledge Prof. Carlo Varaldo for allowing the study of the glass preserved in the Archaeological Museum of Savona. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.602; 2012 IF: 1.889 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:100332 |
Serial |
5849 |
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Author |
Álvarez-Martín, A.; De Winter, S.; Nuyts, G.; Hermans, J.; Janssens, K.; van der Snickt, G. |
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Title |
Multi-modal approach for the characterization of resin carriers in Daylight Fluorescent Pigments |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Microchemical Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Microchem J |
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Volume |
159 |
Issue |
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Pages |
105340 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES) |
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Abstract |
Almost seventy years after artists such as Frank Stella (1936), Andy Warhol (1928-1987), James Rosenquist (1933-2017), Herb Aach (1923-1985) and Richard Bowman (1918-2001) started to incorporate Daylight Fluorescent Pigments (DFPs) in their artworks, the extent of the conservation problems that are associated with these pigments has increased progressively. Since their first appearance on the market, their composition has constantly been improved in terms of permanency. However, conservation practices on the artworks that are used in, are complicated by the fact that the composition of DFPs is proprietary and the information provided by the manufactures is limited. To be able to propose adequate conservation strategies for artworks containing DFPs, a thorough understanding of the DFPs composition must be acquired. In contrast with previous research that concentrated on identification of the coloring dye, this paper focuses on the characterization of the resin, used as the carrier for the dye. The proposed approach, involving ATR-FTIR, SPME-GC-MS and XRF analysis, provided additional insights on the organic and inorganic components of the resin. Using this approach, we investigated historical DFPs and new formulations, as well as different series from the main manufacturing companies (DayGlo, Swada, Radiant Color and Kremer) in order to obtain a full characterization of DFPs used by the artists along the years. First, the initial PCA-assisted ATR-FTIR spectroscopy allowed for an efficient classification of the main monomers in the resin polymer. Next, a further distinction was made by mass spectrometry and XRF which were optimized to allow a more specific classification of the resin and for detection of additives. In this paper we show the potential of SPME-GC-MS, never applied for the characterization of artistic materials, at present undervalued for heritage science purposes. We anticipate that this information will be highly relevant in the future stability studies and for defining (preventive) conservation strategies of fluorescent artworks. |
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Wos |
000598761400009 |
Publication Date |
2020-07-30 |
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ISSN |
0026-265x; 0026-265x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4.8 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.8; 2020 IF: 3.034 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:175083 |
Serial |
8286 |
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Author |
Vervaet, B.A.; Nast, C.C.; Jayasumana, C.; Schreurs, G.; Roels, F.; Herath, C.; Kojc, N.; Samaee, V.; Rodrigo, S.; Gowrishankar, S.; Mousson, C.; Dassanayake, R.; Orantes, C.M.; Vuiblet, V.; Rigothier, C.; d' Haese, P.C.; de Broe, M.E. |
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Title |
Chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities is a toxin induced proximal tubular nephropathy |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Kidney international |
Abbreviated Journal |
Kidney Int |
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Volume |
97 |
Issue |
97 |
Pages |
350-369 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP); Pathophysiology |
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Abstract |
Almost 30 years after the detection of chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities (CINAC) its etiology remains unknown. To help define this we examined 34 renal biopsies from Sri Lanka, El Salvador, India and France of patients with chronic kidney disease 2-3 and diagnosed with CINAC by light and electron microscopy. In addition to known histopathology, we identified a unique constellation of proximal tubular cell findings including large dysmorphic lysosomes with a light-medium electron-dense matrix containing dispersed dark electron-dense non-membrane bound “aggregates”. These aggregates associated with varying degrees of cellular/tubular atrophy, apparent cell fragment shedding and no-weak proximal tubular cell proliferative capacity. Identical lysosomal lesions, identifiable by electron microscopy, were observed in 9% of renal transplant implantation biopsies, but were more prevalent in six month (50%) and 12 month (67%) protocol biopsies and in indication biopsies (76%) of calcineurin inhibitor treated transplant patients. The phenotype was also found associated with nephrotoxic drugs (lomustine, clomiphene, lithium, cocaine) and in some patients with light chain tubulopathy, all conditions that can be directly or indirectly linked to calcineurin pathway inhibition or modulation. One hundred biopsies of normal kidneys, drug/toxin induced nephropathies, and overt proteinuric patients of different etiologies to some extent could demonstrate the light microscopic proximal tubular cell changes, but rarely the electron microscopic lysosomal features. Rats treated with the calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporine for four weeks developed similar proximal tubular cell lysosomal alterations, which were absent in a dehydration group. Overall, the finding of an identical proximal tubular cell (lysosomal) lesion in CINAC and calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity in different geographic regions suggests a common paradigm where CINAC patients undergo a tubulotoxic mechanism similar to calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity. |
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Wos |
000508449300020 |
Publication Date |
2019-11-23 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0085-2538; 1523-1755 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
8.395 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 8.395 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:164305c:irua:166544 |
Serial |
5384 |
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Author |
Filez, M.; Poelman, H.; Redekop, E.A.; Galvita, V.V.; Alexopoulos, K.; Meledina, M.; Ramachandran, R.K.; Dendooven, J.; Detavernier, C.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Safonova, O.V.; Nachtegaal, M.; Weckhuysen, B.M.; Marin, G.B. |
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Title |
Kinetics of lifetime changes in bimetallic nanocatalysts revealed by quick X-ray absorption spectroscopy |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English |
Abbreviated Journal |
Angew Chem Int Edit |
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Volume |
57 |
Issue |
38 |
Pages |
12430-12434 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Alloyed metal nanocatalysts are of environmental and economic importance in a plethora of chemical technologies. During the catalyst lifetime, supported alloy nanoparticles undergo dynamic changes which are well-recognized but still poorly understood. High-temperature O-2-H-2 redox cycling was applied to mimic the lifetime changes in model Pt13In9 nanocatalysts, while monitoring the induced changes by insitu quick X-ray absorption spectroscopy with one-second resolution. The different reaction steps involved in repeated Pt13In9 segregation-alloying are identified and kinetically characterized at the single-cycle level. Over longer time scales, sintering phenomena are substantiated and the intraparticle structure is revealed throughout the catalyst lifetime. The insitu time-resolved observation of the dynamic habits of alloyed nanoparticles and their kinetic description can impact catalysis and other fields involving (bi)metallic nanoalloys. |
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Place of Publication |
Weinheim |
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Wos |
000444225100038 |
Publication Date |
2018-08-03 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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ISSN |
1433-7851; 0570-0833 |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
11.994 |
Times cited |
4 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
; M.F. acknowledges a European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement (No. 748563). E.A.R acknowledges the Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship granted by the European Commission (No. 301703). This work was supported by the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (G.0209.11), the “Long Term Structural Methusalem Funding by the Flemish Government”. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7 /2007-2013) under grant agreement No. 312284 (CALIPSO). We thanks the Swiss Light Source for providing beamtime at the SuperXAS beamline. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 11.994 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:153633 |
Serial |
5111 |
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Author |
Matthieu, L.; Godoi, A.F.L.; Lambert, J.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from bisphenol A in vinyl gloves |
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A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Contact dermatitis |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
49 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
281-283 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Translational Pathophysiological Research (TPR); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Allergic contact dermatitis caused by polyvinyl chloride gloves is rarely reported, and in only 2 cases was bisphenol A considered to be the responsible sensitizer. We report a patient with occupational hand dermatitis after the use of a new type of high-density vinyl (HDV) gloves. Patch tests showed positive (++) reactions to both used and new HDV gloves and to bisphenol A. Chemical analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry demonstrated the presence of bisphenol A in the HDV gloves. Replacement by nitrile rubber gloves resulted in complete clearance of the hand dermatitis. |
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000220740700003 |
Publication Date |
2004-03-16 |
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ISSN |
0105-1873 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:45365 |
Serial |
8324 |
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Author |
Pandey, T.; Du, M.-H.; Parker, D.S.; Lindsay, L. |
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Title |
Origin of ultralow phonon transport and strong anharmonicity in lead-free halide perovskites |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Materials Today Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
28 |
Issue |
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Pages |
100881-10 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT) |
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Abstract |
All-inorganic lead-free halide double perovskites offer a promising avenue toward non-toxic, stable optoelec-tronic materials, properties that are missing in their prominent lead-containing counterparts. Their large ther-mopowers and high carrier mobilities also make them promising for thermoelectric applications. Here, we present a first-principles study of the lattice vibrations and thermal transport behaviors of Cs2SnI6 and gamma-CsSnI3, two prototypical compounds in this materials class. We show that conventional static zero temperature density functional theory (DFT) calculations severely underestimate the lattice thermal conductivities (kappa l) of these compounds, indicating the importance of dynamical effects. By calculating anharmonic renormalized phonon dispersions, we show that some optic phonons significantly harden with increasing temperature (T), which reduces the scattering of heat carrying phonons and enhances calculated kappa l values when compared with standard zero temperature DFT. Furthermore, we demonstrate that coherence contributions to kappa l, arising from wave like phonon tunneling, are important in both compounds. Overall, calculated kappa l with temperature-dependent inter-atomic force constants, built from particle and coherence contributions, are in good agreement with available measured data, for both magnitude and temperature dependence. Large anharmonicity combined with low phonon group velocities yield ultralow kappa l values, with room temperature values of 0.26 W/m-K and 0.72 W/m-K predicted for Cs2SnI6 and gamma-CsSnI3, respectively. We further show that the lattice dynamics of these compounds are highly anharmonic, largely mediated by rotation of the SnI6 octahedra and localized modes originating from Cs rattling motion. These thermal characteristics combined with their previously computed excellent electronic properties make these perovskites promising candidates for optoelectronic and room temperature thermoelectric applications. |
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Wos |
000876484300002 |
Publication Date |
2022-10-10 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| |
ISSN |
2542-5293 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
11.5 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
Not_Open_Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 11.5 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:192139 |
Serial |
7329 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Preconcentration methods for the analysis of water by X-ray spectrometric techniques |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Analytica chimica acta |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
143 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
3-34 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
All published procedures for multi-element preconcentration of trace elements, prior to x-ray fluorescence analysis of water, are reviewed and critically evaluated. Most preconcentration methods applied to the determination of single elements in water are also listed. |
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Wos |
A1982PT27300002 |
Publication Date |
2002-10-14 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-2670; 1873-4324 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116441 |
Serial |
8401 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Gkanatsiou, A.; Lioutas, C.B.; Frangis, N.; Polychroniadis, E.K.; Prystawko, P.; Leszczynski, M.; Altantzis, T.; Van Tendeloo, G. |
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Title |
Influence of 4H-SiC substrate miscut on the epitaxy and microstructure of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Materials science in semiconductor processing |
Abbreviated Journal |
Mat Sci Semicon Proc |
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| |
Volume |
91 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
159-166 |
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| |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
AlGaN/GaN heterostructures were grown on “on-axis” and 2° off (0001) 4H-SiC substrates by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE). Structural characterization was performed by transmission electron microscopy. The dislocation density, being greater in the on-axis case, is gradually reduced in the GaN layer and is forming
dislocation loops in the lower region. Steps aligned along [11̅00] in the off-axis case give rise to simultaneous defect formation. In the on-axis case, an almost zero density of steps is observed, with the main origin of defects probably being the orientation mismatch at the grain boundaries between the small not fully coalesced AlN grains. V-shaped formations are observed in the AlN nucleation layer, but are more frequent in the off-axis case, probably enhanced by the presence of steps. These V-shaped formations are completely overgrown by the GaN layer, during the subsequent deposition, presenting AlGaN areas in the walls of the defect, indicating an interdiffusion between the layers. Finally, at the AlGaN/GaN heterostructure surface in the on-axis case, V-shapes are observed, with the AlN spacer and AlGaN (21% Al) thickness on relaxed GaN exceeding the critical thickness for relaxation. On the other hand, no relaxation in the form of V-shape creation is observed in the off-axis case, probably due to the smaller AlGaN thickness (less than 21% Al). The AlN spacer layer, grown in between the heterostructure, presents a uniform thickness and clear interfaces. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000454537700022 |
Publication Date |
2018-11-26 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
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| |
ISSN |
1369-8001 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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| |
Impact Factor |
2.359 |
Times cited |
1 |
Open Access |
Not_Open_Access |
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Notes |
Funding: This work was supported by the IKY Fellowships of Excellence for Postgraduate Studies in Greece-SIEMENS Program; the Greek General Secretariat for Research and Technology, contract SAE 013/8–2009SE 01380012; and the JU ENIAC Project LAST POWER Large Area silicon carbide Substrates and heteroepitaxial GaN for POWER device applications [grant number 120218]. Also part of the research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Program under Grant Agreement 312483 – ESTEEM2 (Integrated Infrastructure Initiative–I3). T.A. acknowledges financial support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, Belgium) through a post-doctoral grant. |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.359 |
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| |
Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @UA @ admin @ c:irua:156200 |
Serial |
5149 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Thomassen, G.; Van Dael, M.; Lemmens, B.; Van Passel, S. |
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Title |
A review of the sustainability of algal-based biorefineries : towards an integrated assessment framework |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
Renew Sust Energ Rev |
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Volume |
68 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
876-887 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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Abstract |
Algal-based bioenergy products have faced multiple economic and environmental problems. To counter these problems, algal-based biorefineries have been proposed as a promising solution. Multiple environmental and economic assessments have analyzed this concept. However, a wide variation in results was reported. This study performs a review to evaluate the methodological reasons behind this variation. Based on this review, four main challenges for a sustainability assessment were identified: 1) the use of a clear framework; 2) the adaptation of the methodology to all stages of technological maturity; 3) the use of harmonized assumptions; 4) the integration of the technological process. A generic methodology, based on the integration of a techno-economic assessment methodology and a streamlined life cycle assessment was proposed. This environmental techno-economic assessment can be performed following an iterative approach during each stage of technology development. In this way, crucial technological parameters can be directly identified and evaluated during the maturation of the technology. The use of this assessment methodology can therefore act as guidance to decrease the time-to-market for innovative and sustainable technologies. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000391899400005 |
Publication Date |
2016-03-16 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| |
ISSN |
1364-0321; 1879-0690 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
8.05 |
Times cited |
23 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 8.05 |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:139038 |
Serial |
6245 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Yang, T. |
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Title |
Characterization of Laves phase structural evolution and regulation of its precipitation behavior in Al-Zn-Mg based alloys |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
ii, 106 p. |
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Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Al-Zn-Mg-based high strength alloys are widely used in aerospace applications due to their low density and excellent mechanical properties. A systematic study of the structural evolution of the nano-precipitation phase and its growth mechanism is an important guide for the design of new high-strength alloys. In this work, the Laves structure precipitates in Al-Zn-Mg(-Cu/Y) alloy was systematically characterized. Based on the structure evolution, the structure of submicron Laves particles and quasicrystalline particles in the alloy at microscale, as well as the regulation of the precipitation behavior after adding Y at nanoscale were further investigated. The main innovative results are summarized as follows: (1) Investigation on coexistence of defect structures in Laves structural nanoprecipitates. Three types of Laves structures can coexist within the η-MgZn2 precipitates: C14, C15 and C36, and the Laves structure transition sequence of C14→C36→C15 in this system was determined. Meanwhile, it was found that there are diverse defect structures in the MgZn2 phase, including stacking faults, planar defects and five-fold domain structures, which have significant effects on relieving the internal stress/strain of the precipitates. (2) Investigation on multiple phase transition of Laves structural nanoprecipitates from C14 to C36 and from C14 to quasicrystal clusters. It is found that C14 precipitates can be completely transformed into the C36 precipitates. And it is also found that the C14 Laves phase structure can also transform into quasicrystalline clusters. These investigations on various phase transition mechanisms among Laves phases provide theoretical support for the microstructural characterization of materials containing multi-scale Laves phases. (3) Characterization of Laves and quasicrystal structural particles in submicron scale. Submicron-scale quasicrystal particles were obtained in conventional casting Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys for the first time. Industrial impurity elements Fe and Ni can induce the formation of quasicrystalline particles. When there is no Fe/Ni enriched in particles, the structure is characterized as C15-Laves phase. When Fe/Ni is as quasicrystalline core, a stable core-shell quasicrystalline structure with Al-Fe-Ni nucleus and Mg-Cu-Zn shell can be formed. (4) Investigation on the regulation of nanoscale Laves precipitates’ growth. To regulate the defect structure of the precipitates, rare earth element Y was added in Al-Zn-Mg alloys and its influence on the precipitation behavior was investigated. The addition of Y element can dynamically combine with different alloying elements during aging process, which can refine the size of precipitate and further improve the nucleation rate and precipitation rate of the precipitates. |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:196404 |
Serial |
7631 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Damm, H.; Kelchtermans, A.; Bertha, A.; Van den Broeck, F.; Elen, K.; Martins, J.C.; Carleer, R.; D'Haen, J.; De Dobbelaere, C.; Hadermann, J.; Hardy, A.; Van Bael, M.K.; |
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Title |
Thermal decomposition synthesis of Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles : an in-depth study |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
RSC advances |
Abbreviated Journal |
Rsc Adv |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue |
45 |
Pages |
23745-23754 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles are synthesized by means of a heating up solution based thermal decomposition method. The synthesis involves a reaction of zinc acetylacetonate hydrate, aluminium acetylacetonate and 1,2-hexadecanediol in the presence of oleic acid and oleyl amine. A proposed reaction mechanism from reagents to monomers is corroborated by analysis of the evolving gases using headspace GC-MS analysis. The Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized are dynamically stabilized by adsorbed oleate ions, after deprotonation of oleic acid by oleyl amine, as was found by NOESY proton NMR and complementary FTIR spectroscopy. Precession electron diffraction shows a simultaneous increase in lattice parameters with Al concentration. This, together with HAADF-STEM and EDX maps, indicates the incorporation of Al into the ZnO nanoparticles. By the combination of complementary characterization methods during all stages of the synthesis, it is concluded that Al is incorporated into the ZnO wurtzite lattice as a dopant. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000326395800139 |
Publication Date |
2013-10-18 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2046-2069; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.108 |
Times cited |
10 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.108; 2013 IF: 3.708 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:112753 |
Serial |
3627 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Castanheiro, A.; Joos, P.; Wuyts, K.; De Wael, K.; Samson, R. |
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Title |
Leaf-deposited semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) : an exploratory study using GCxGC-TOFMS on leaf washing solutions |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Chemosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chemosphere |
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Volume |
214 |
Issue |
214 |
Pages |
103-110 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Airborne particulate matter (PM) includes semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), which can be deposited on vegetation matrices such as plant leaves. In alternative to air-point measurements or artificial passive substrates, leaf monitoring offers a cost-effective, time-integrating means of assessing local air quality. In this study, leaf washing solutions from ivy (Hedera hibernica) leaves exposed during one-month at different land use classes were explored via comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOFMS). The composition of leaf-deposited SVOCs, corrected for those of unexposed leaves, was compared against routinely monitored pollutants concentrations (PM10, PM2.5, O3, NO2, SO2) measured at co-located air monitoring stations. The first study on leaf-deposited SVOCs retrieved from washing solutions, herein reported, delivered a total of 911 detected compounds. While no significant land use (rural, urban, industrial, traffic, mixed) effects were observed, increasing exposure time (from one to 28 days) resulted in a higher number and diversity of SVOCs, suggesting cumulative time-integration to be more relevant than local source variations between sites. After one day, leaf-deposited SVOCs were mainly due to alcohols, N-containing compounds, carboxylic acids, esters and lactones, while ketones, diketones and hydrocarbons compounds gained relevance after one week, and phenol compounds after one month. As leaf-deposited SVOCs became overall more oxidized throughout exposure time, SVOCs transformation or degradation at the leaf surface is suggested to be an important phenomenon. This study confirmed the applicability of GCxGC-TOFMS to analyze SVOCs from leaf washing solutions, further research should include validation of the methodology and comparison with atmospheric organic pollutants. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000449891300013 |
Publication Date |
2018-09-13 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0045-6535; 1879-1298 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4.208 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors thank the Flemish Environment Agency (VMM) for their collaboration and air quality data; Sam Dekkers and Jonathan Van Waeyenbergh for their help with sample collection. The study was performed using a study set-up funded by the Special Research Fund of the University of Antwerp (KPBOF 2014, no. FFB 140090 'Tree leaf surface properties as dynamic drivers of particulate matter-leaf interaction and phyllosphere microbial communities'). A.C. acknowledges the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) for her SB PhD fellowship. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.208 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:153509 |
Serial |
5692 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Annegarn, H.J.; Storms, H.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Booth-Jones, P.A. |
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Title |
Composition and size of individual particles from a gold mine atmosphere |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1987 |
Publication |
Mining science & technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
111-119 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Airborne dust particles were collected in a return airway of a South African gold mine using a 7-stage, single-orifice cascade impactor. Between 70 and 130 individual particles were analysed on each stage using automated electron-probe x-ray microanalysis (EPXMA). Particle size and shape parameters are given for different classes of particles sorted by elemental composition. Silicon-rich particles are the most abundant overall, while chlorine-rich particles dominate (up to 80%) in the range 0.21.0 μm. It is shown that EPXMA characterisation of particles can be used to infer relative contributions of various particle sources and dust generating processes to the total dust concentrations in mine atmospheres. An understanding of the nature and source of particles is essential for any source control strategy. We conclude that the EPXMA technique merits inclusion in the repertoire of techniques used for characterising underground dust. |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
2004-12-15 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0167-9031 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116777 |
Serial |
7701 |
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Author |
Maes, R.R.; Potters, G.; Fransen, E.; Van Schaeren, R.; Lenaerts, S. |
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Title |
Influence of adding low concentration of oxygenates in mineral diesel oil and biodiesel on the concentration of NO, NO₂ and particulate matter in the exhaust gas of a one-cylinder diesel generator |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
International journal of environmental research and public health |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
19 |
Issue |
13 |
Pages |
7637-18 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Air quality currently poses a major risk to human health worldwide. Transportation is one of the principal contributors to air pollution due to the quality of exhaust gases. For example, the widely used diesel fuel is a significant source of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). To reduce the content NOx and PM, different oxygenated compounds were mixed into a mineral diesel available at the pump, and their effect on the composition of exhaust gas emissions was measured using a one-cylinder diesel generator. In this setup, adding methanol gave the best relative results. The addition of 2000 ppm of methanol decreased the content of NO by 56%, 2000 ppm of isopropanol decreased NO2 by 50%, and 2000 ppm ethanol decreased PM by 63%. An interesting question is whether it is possible to reduce the impact of hazardous components in the exhaust gas even more by adding oxygenates to biodiesels. In this article, alcohol is added to biodiesel in order to establish the impact on PM and NOx concentrations in the exhaust gases. Adding methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol at concentrations of 2000 ppm and 4000 ppm did not improve NOx emissions. The best results were using pure RME for a low NO content, pure diesel for a low NO2 content, and for PM there were no statistically significant differences. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000825645900001 |
Publication Date |
2022-06-23 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1661-7827; 1660-4601 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:189476 |
Serial |
7172 |
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Author |
Maes, R.R.; Potters, G.; Fransen, E.; Geuens, J.; Van Schaeren, R.; Lenaerts, S. |
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Title |
Can we find an optimal fatty acid composition of biodiesel in order to improve oxidation stability? |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Sustainability |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
13 |
Pages |
10310-10 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Medical Genetics (MEDGEN) |
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Abstract |
Air quality currently poses a major risk for human health. Currently, diesel is widely used as fuel and is a significant source of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM), both hazardous to human health. A good alternative for mineral diesel is biodiesel, not only for the improvement of hazardous components in the exhaust gases but also because it can be produced in view of a circular economy. Biodiesel consists of a mix of different fatty acid methyl esters, which can react with oxygen. As a consequence, the oxidation stability of biodiesel has to be studied, because the oxidation of biodiesel could affect the performance of the engine due to the wear of injectors and fuel pumps. The oxidation stability could also affect the quality of the exhaust gases due to increases in NOx and PM. The basic question we try to answer in this communication is: 'Can we find an optimal fatty acid composition in order to have a maximal oxidation stability?' In this article, we try to find the optimal fatty acid composition according to the five most common fatty acid methyl esters present in biodiesel in order to reach a maximal oxidation stability. The measurements and statistical analysis show, however, that there is no useful regression model because there are statistically significant two- and three-way interactions among the different fatty acids. |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
001028597300001 |
Publication Date |
2023-06-30 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2071-1050 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
3.9 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.9; 2023 IF: 1.789 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:198241 |
Serial |
8839 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Van Hal, M.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Yang, X.-Y.; Lenaerts, S.; Tytgat, T. |
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Title |
Image analysis and in situ FTIR as complementary detection tools for photocatalytic soot oxidation |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Chemical engineering journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Eng J |
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Volume |
367 |
Issue |
367 |
Pages |
269-277 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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| |
Abstract |
Air pollution, especially particulate matter (PM), is an increasingly urgent problem in urban environments, causing both short and long-term health problems, climate interference and aesthetical problems due to building fouling. Photocatalysis has been shown to be a possible solution to that end. In this work two complementary detection methods for photocatalytic soot oxidation are studied and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. First, a colour-based digital image analysis method is drastically improved towards an accurate, detailed and straightforward detection tool, that enables simultaneous measurement of the degradation of different grades of soot fouling (for instance a shallow soot haze versus condensed soot deposits). In the next part, a second soot oxidation detection method is presented based on in situ FTIR spectroscopy. This method has the additional advantage of providing more insight into the photocatalytic soot degradation process by monitoring both gaseous and adsorbed intermediates as well as reaction products while the reactions are ongoing. As an illustration, the proposed detection strategies were applied on four different commercially available and synthesized photocatalytic materials. The digital image analysis showed that P25 (Evonik) is the fastest photocatalytic soot degrader of all studied materials for both a uniform soot haze as well as concentrated soot spots. Application of the in situ method showed that for all studied materials adsorbed formate-related surface species were formed and that commercially available ZnO nanopowder has the highest specificity towards complete mineralization into CO2. With this we aim to provide a set of complementary experimental tools for the convenient, reliable, realistic and standardised detection of photocatalytic soot degradation. |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000461380400028 |
Publication Date |
2019-02-23 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| |
ISSN |
1385-8947; 1873-3212 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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| |
Impact Factor |
6.216 |
Times cited |
1 |
Open Access |
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| |
Notes |
; M.V.H. acknowledges the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO) for a doctoral fellowship. M.V.H., S.W.V., S.L. and X-Y.Y. thank the FWO and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) for funding an international collaboration project. Mr. M. Minjauw is greatly thanked for his help in the AFM measurements. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.216 |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:157789 |
Serial |
5958 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Voordeckers, D.; Meysman, F.J.R.; Billen, P.; Tytgat, T.; Van Acker, M. |
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| |
Title |
The impact of street canyon morphology and traffic volume on NO₂ values in the street canyons of Antwerp |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Building And Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Build Environ |
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| |
Volume |
197 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
107825-10 |
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| |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Research Group for Urban Development; Intelligence in PRocesses, Advanced Catalysts and Solvents (iPRACS) |
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Abstract |
Air pollution remains a major environmental and health concern in urban environments, especially in street canyons that show increased pollution levels due to a lack of natural ventilation. Previous studies have investigated the relationship between street canyon morphology and in-canyon pollution levels. However, these studies are typically limited to the scale of a single street canyon and city-wide assessments on this matter are scarce. In 2018, NO2 concentrations were measured in 321 street canyons in the city of Antwerp (Belgium) as part of the large-scale citizen-science project “CurieuzeNeuzen”. In our research, this data was used to study the correlation between morphological indices (e.g. aspect ratio (AR), lateral aspect ratio (LAR), presence of trees) and the traffic volumes on a city-wide scale. The maximum hourly traffic volume (TVmax) and AR correlated significantly with the measured NO2 values, making them useful indicators for air quality in street canyons. For street canyons with AR > 0.65, a TVmax of 300 vehicles/hour was found as a threshold value to guarantee acceptable air quality. No significant correlations were found for the other parameters. Finally, a number of typical street canyon types were defined, which can be of fundamental interest for further research and spatial policy making. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000663167900003 |
Publication Date |
2021-03-27 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0360-1323 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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| |
Impact Factor |
4.053 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.053 |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:176925 |
Serial |
8064 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Voordeckers, D. |
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| |
Title |
Design to breathe : understanding and altering wind patterns in street canyons to reduce human exposure to air pollution |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| |
Year |
2023 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
xxii, 303 p. |
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| |
Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Research Group for Urban Development; Intelligence in PRocesses, Advanced Catalysts and Solvents (iPRACS) |
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Abstract |
Air pollution is proclaimed by the World Health Organiaation (WHO) as the biggest environmental threat to human health. Street canyons, or urban roads flanked by a continuous row of high buildings on both sides, are perceived as typical bottleneck areas for air quality due to their lack of natural ventilation. This doctoral thesis aims to integrate expert knowledge on in-canyon flow fields and pollution dispersion in street canyons from the specialized field of (bio)engineering into the field of urban planning and vice versa. In Chapter 1, a Geospatial Information System (GIS) method was developed to detect exposure zones and hotspot street canyons. A critical combination between aspect ratio (AR > 0.65) and traffic volume (TVmax > 300) was detected and subsequently used to detect hotspot street canyons in three major European cities (Antwerp, London and Paris). Chapter 2 focusses on acquiring in-depth knowledge on flow and concentration fields in street canyons by conducting an extensive literature review on over 200 studies and translates this knowledge into nineteen guidelines and eleven spatial tools, comprised in a toolbox for urban planning. Subsequently, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used into a research trough design process (Chapter 4) to illustrate how the design tools can be applied to a specific case study (Belgiëlei, Antwerp). Alternations to traffic lanes (traffic lane reduction and lateral displacement) combined with low boundary walls (LBWs), were found to reduce NO2 levels in the entire pedestrian area up to – 3.6 % and peak pollutions were reduced by -8 %. A maximum NO2 reduction was reached by combining a traffic lane displacement with hedges, adjustments to the tree planting pattern and an increased ground-level permeability, leading to reductions up to – 4.5 % in the pedestrian areas. In conclusion, urban design was found to be a valuable tool to enhance the effect of emission reduction strategies and draw in-canyon concentrations closer to the value of the background concentration. However, the background concentration seemed to dominate the efficiency of the urban design interventions and therefore, additional measures should be taken to reduce background pollution levels. This dissertation aims to contribute to the awareness of air pollution in street canyons, as well as support local governments in taking action by delivering spatial tools and guidelines applicable for urban planning and represents a framework for the dissemination of expert information on air quality in street canyons to the field of urban planning. |
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Wos |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:196399 |
Serial |
7767 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Semlali, B.-eddine B.; El Amrani, C.; Denys, S. |
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Title |
Development of a Java-based application for environmental remote sensing data processing |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2019 |
Publication |
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
9 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1978-1986 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Air pollution is one of the most serious problems the world faces today. It is highly necessary to monitor pollutants in real-time to anticipate and reduce damages caused in several fields of activities. Likewise, it is necessary to provide decision makers with useful and updated environmental data. As a solution to a part of the above-mentioned necessities, we developed a Java-based application software to collect, process and visualize several environmental and pollution data, acquired from the Mediterranean Dialog earth Observatory (MDEO) platform [1]. This application will amass data of Morocco area from EUMETSAT satellites, and will decompress, filter and classify the received datasets. Then we will use the processed data to build an interactive environmental real-time map of Morocco. This should help finding out potential correlations between pollutants and emitting sources. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
2019-04-20 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2088-8708 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:163847 |
Serial |
7799 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Godoi, R.H.M.; Braga, D.M.; Makarovska, Y.; Alfoldy, B.; Carvalho Filho, M.A.S.; Van Grieken, R.; Godoi, A.F.L. |
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Title |
Inhable particulate matter from lime industries: chemical composition and deposition in human respiratory tract |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Atmospheric environment : an international journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
30 |
Pages |
7027-7033 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Air pollution caused by the lime production industry has become a serious problem with potential effects to human health, especially in developing countries. Colombo is a city included in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba (capital of Parana State) in South Brazil. In Colombo city, a correlation has been shown between the lime production and the number of persons who need respiratory treatment in a local hospital, indicating that the lime industry can cause deleterious health effects in the exposed workers and population. This research was conducted to deal firstly with the characterization of the size distribution and chemical compositions of particles emitted from lime manufacturing and subsequently to assess the deposition rate of inhaled dolomitic lime aerosol particles in the human respiratory tract. The elemental chemical composition and particle size of individual atmospheric particles was quantitatively elucidated, including low-Z components like C, N and 0, as well as higher-Z elements, using automated electron probe microanalysis. Information concerning the bulk composition is provided by energy-dispersive X-ray detection. The majority of the respirable particulate matter identified was composed of aluminosilicates, Ca-Mg oxides, carbon-rich particles, mixtures of organic particles and Ca-Mg carbonates, soot and biogenic particles. In view of the chemical composition and size distribution of the aerosol particles, local deposition efficiencies in the human respiratory system were calculated, revealing the deposition of CaO center dot MgO at extrathoracic, tracheobronchial and pulmonary levels. The results of this study offer evidence to the threat of the fine and coarse particles emitted from dolomite lime manufacturing, allowing policy-makers to better focus their mitigation strategies in an effective way, as well as to the dolomite producers for the purpose of designing and/or implementing improved emission controls. |
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Corporate Author |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
000260265300001 |
Publication Date |
2008-07-18 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1352-2310 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:70451 |
Serial |
8101 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Ysebaert, T.; Koch, K.; Samson, R.; Denys, S. |
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Title |
Green walls for mitigating urban particulate matter pollution : a review |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening |
Abbreviated Journal |
Urban For Urban Gree |
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Volume |
59 |
Issue |
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Pages |
127014 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Art; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Air pollution caused by particulate matter (PM) is a well-known health issue in urban environments. Urban green infrastructure offers opportunities as a nature-based solution to urban PM pollution. Green walls have advantages over other types of urban green infrastructure, since they can be applied to the enormous available wall area in cities and since they do not interfere with the prevailing ventilation resulting in elevated PM levels. However, this has raised questions about the effectiveness of GW in removing PM and this could explain the limited applicability of green walls to tackle PM pollution. Nevertheless, it is suggested that green walls have a significant unexploited potential and this review article aims to address current knowledge gaps and to propose future research requirements for the implementation of green walls to mitigate urban PM pollution. An in-depth analysis is given of the mechanisms behind PM deposition and the influence of vegetation properties on this process, as well as the practices followed to model PM dispersion and deposition. It was suggested that particle deposition on green walls depends on the green wall species, pollution level, and the residence time of PM in a street (canyon). Rainfall plays an important role in the PM pathway, although it is not a necessary requirement to sustain PM deposition on plant leaves. There are still some discrepancies in the literature about the ideal plant characteristics for PM deposition in terms of the macro- and microstructures that require further investigation, especially in comparison with tree and shrub species. In addition, extensively validated models are required to accurately calculate the impact of green walls on air flow and the PM concentration on site. |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
000632597600001 |
Publication Date |
2021-02-06 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1618-8667 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
2.113 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.113 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:175581 |
Serial |
8011 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Jorli, M.; Van Passel, S.; Sadeghi, H.; Nasseri, A.; Agheli, L. |
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Title |
Estimating human health impacts and costs due to Iranian fossil fuel power plant emissions through the impact pathway approach |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Energies |
Abbreviated Journal |
Energies |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
2136-29 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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Abstract |
Air pollutants from fossil fuel fired power plants harm the environment and human health. More than 91% of Irans electricity production is from thermal power plants that use natural gas, diesel, and fuel oil. We apply the impact pathway approach to estimate the health impacts arising from Iranian fossil-based electricity generation emission, and in a next step, we calculate monetary costs of the estimated damages, for a one-year period starting from 20 March 2016 through 2017. We use the new version of SIMPACTS (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria) to investigate the health effects from 61 major Iran fossil-based power plants separately. The selected plants represent 95.6% of total Iran fossil-based power generation. Using the individual and different power plant estimates, we avoid extrapolation and our results can be considered more reliable, taking into account spatial differences. The total damage cost is 723.42 million USD (2000). The damage cost per generated electricity varies from 0.06 to 22.41 USD/MWh and average plant damage cost is 2.85 USD/MWh. Accounting for these external costs indicates the actual costs of fossil energy. The results are useful for policy makers to compare the health costs from these plants and to decide on cleaner energy sources and to take measures to increase benefits for society. |
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Wos |
000423156900207 |
Publication Date |
2017-12-15 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1996-1073 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
2.262 |
Times cited |
4 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.262 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:149041 |
Serial |
6200 |
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Author |
Rojas, C.M.; Figueroa, L.; Janssens, K.H.; Van Espen, P.E.; Adams, F.C.; Van Grieken, R.E. |
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Title |
The elemental composition of airborne particulate matter in the Atacama desert, Chile |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
1990 |
Publication |
The science of the total environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
91 |
Issue |
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Pages |
251-267 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Air particulate samples were collected at Chapiquiña near Arica (Chile) with a six-stage cascade impactor for about 17-day periods during a 31 month interval. Sixteen elements were determined by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis, and the elemental concentrations were subjected to principal factor analysis. The variability with time of the coarse particles was described by two factors both related to soil dispersion, whereas the fine particle variations could be explained by a third factor related to marine influence. Enrichment factors were compared with those obtained in other remote continental areas, in particular those of air particulate matter sampled at Chacaltaya, Bolivia. Results point to a negligible anthropogenic influence. |
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Wos |
A1990CM36100019 |
Publication Date |
2003-09-12 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0048-9697 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116652 |
Serial |
5602 |
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Author |
Lembrechts, J.; Clavel, J.; Lenoir, J.; Haider, S.; McDougall, K.; Nunez, M.; Alexander, J.; Barros, A.; Milbau, A.; Seipel, T.; Verbruggen, E.; Nijs, I. |
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Title |
Dataset: Roadside disturbance promotes plant communities with arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in mountain regions worldwide |
Type |
Dataset |
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Year |
2024 |
Publication |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Dataset; Plant and Ecosystems (PLECO) – Ecology in a time of change |
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Abstract |
Aim: We aimed to assess the impact of road disturbances on the dominant mycorrhizal types in ecosystems at the global level and how this mechanism can potentially lead to lasting plant community changes. Location: Globally distributed mountain regions Time Period: 2007-2018 Taxa studied: Plants (linked to their associated mycorrhizal fungi) Methods: We used a database of coordinated plant community surveys following mountain roads from 894 plots in 11 mountain regions across the globe in combination with an existing database of mycorrhizal-plant associations in order to approximate the relative abundance of mycorrhizal types in natural and disturbed environments. Results: Our findings show that roadside disturbance promotes the cover of plants associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. This effect is especially strong in colder mountain environments and in mountain regions where plant communities are dominated by ectomycorrhizal (EcM) or ericoid-mycorrhizal (ErM) associations. Furthermore, non-native plant species, which we confirmed to be mostly AM plants, are more successful in environments dominated by AM associations. Main Conclusions: These biogeographical patterns suggest that changes in mycorrhizal types could be a crucial factor in the worldwide impact of anthropogenic disturbances on mountain ecosystems. Indeed, roadsides foster AM-dominated systems, where AM-fungi might aid AM-associated plant species while potentially reducing the biotic resistance against invasive non-native species, often also associated with AM networks. Restoration efforts in mountain ecosystems will have to contend with changes in the fundamental make-up of EcM- and ErM plant communities induced by roadside disturbance. |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:206132 |
Serial |
9198 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Tavkhelidze, I.; Caratelli, D.; Gielis, J.; Ricci, P.E.; Rogava, M.; Transirico, M. |
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Title |
On a geometric model of bodies with “complex” configuration and some movements |
Type |
H1 Book chapter |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
2 |
Issue |
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Pages |
129-158
T2 - Modeling in mathematics : proceedings |
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Keywords |
H1 Book chapter; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Aim of this chapter is analytical representation of one wide class of geometric figures (lines, surfaces and bodies) and their complicated displacements. The accurate estimation of physical characteristics (such as volume, surface area, length, or other specific parameters) relevant to human organs is of fundamental importance in medicine. One central idea of this article is, in this respect, to provide a general methodology for the evaluation, as a function of time, of the volume and center of gravity featured by moving of one class of bodies used of describe different human organs. |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000442076400010 |
Publication Date |
2017-04-20 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
978-94-6239-260-1; 978-94-6239-261-8; 2543-0300; 978-94-6239-260-1 |
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:144552 |
Serial |
8326 |
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Author |
Reynaert, S.; D’Hose, T.; de Boeck, H.J.; Laorden, D.; Dult, L.; Verbruggen, E.; Nijs, I. |
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Title |
Can permanent grassland soils with elevated organic carbon buffer negative effects of more persistent precipitation regimes on forage grass performance? |
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A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2024 |
Publication |
The science of the total environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
918 |
Issue |
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Pages |
170623-15 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Plant and Ecosystems (PLECO) – Ecology in a time of change |
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Abstract |
Agricultural practices enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC) show potential to buffer negative effects of climate change on forage grass performance. We tested this by subjecting five forage grass varieties differing in fodder quality and drought/flooding resistance to increased persistence in summer precipitation regimes (PR) across sandy and sandy-loam soils from either permanent (high SOC) or temporary grasslands (low SOC) in adjacent parcels. Over the course of two consecutive summers, monoculture mesocosms were subjected to rainy/dry weather alternation either every 3 days or every 30 days, whilst keeping total precipitation equal. Increased PR persistence induced species-specific drought damage and productivity declines. Soils from permanent grasslands with elevated SOC buffered plant quality, but buffering effects of SOC on drought damage, nutrient availability and yield differed between texture classes. In the more persistent PR, Festuca arundinacea FERMINA was the most productive species but had the lowest quality under both ample water supply and mild soil drought, whilst under the most intense soil droughts, Festulolium FESTILO maintained the highest yields. The hybrid Lolium × boucheanum kunth MELCOMBI had intermediate productivity and both Lolium perenne varieties showed the lowest yields under soil drought, but the highest forage quality (especially the tetraploid variety MELFORCE). Performance varied with plant maturity stage and across seasons/years and was driven by altered water and nutrient availability and related nitrogen nutrition among species during drought and upon rewetting. Moreover, whilst permanent grassland soils showed the most consistent positive effects on plant performance, their available water capacity also declined under increased PR persistence. We conclude that permanent grassland soils with historically elevated SOC likely buffer negative effects of increasing summer weather persistence on forage grass performance, but may also be more sensitive to degradation under climate change. |
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Wos |
001183615800001 |
Publication Date |
2024-02-04 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0048-9697; 1879-1026 |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
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Impact Factor |
9.8 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 9.8; 2024 IF: 4.9 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:204498 |
Serial |
9191 |
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Author |
Sebhatu, K.T.; Gezahegn, T.W.; Berhanu, T.; Maertens, M.; Van Passel, S.; D’Haese, M. |
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Title |
Conflict, fraud, and distrust in Ethiopian agricultural cooperatives |
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A1 Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Co-operative Organization and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
Journal of Co-operative Organization and Management |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
100106 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal Article; Agricultural cooperatives; Cooperative size; Conflict; Fraud; Distrust; Ethiopia; Engineering Management (ENM) ; |
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Abstract |
Agricultural cooperatives are seen as an efficient way for smallholder farmers to create bargaining power in order to achieve poverty reduction and food security. However, the success of these cooperatives depends on their ability to maintain their social capital, which is at the core of collective action. A few studies have addressed issues of member participation, commitment, and trust, yet less is known about rural cooperatives in developing countries as a social organization. It is also unclear whether a relationship exists between cooperative size and the incidence of conflict, fraud, and distrust. Using unique data collected from 511 agricultural cooperatives in 12 districts of Tigray region in northern Ethiopia, this paper examines the effects of cooperative size on conflict, fraud, and distrust. We used instrumental variables (IV) probit estimation techniques, accounting for endogeneity of membership size, to confirm that cooperative size does affect the occurrence of conflict, fraud, and trust. The results also indicate that other influencing factors include: cooperative age, number of employees, payment of dividends based on transaction volume, and heterogeneity of member goals. |
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Wos |
000536594400001 |
Publication Date |
2020-04-28 |
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ISSN |
2213297X |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Notes |
The authors would like to thank the office of the twelve districts, facilitators and Cooperative Promotion Agency staff for their collaboration in facilitating the field survey, most of all the chair- and vice-chairpersons of the study Agricultural Cooperatives who had to respond to all our questions with seriousness and patience. |
Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
ENM @ enm @c:irua:170073 |
Serial |
6379 |
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