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	Author	Batenburg, K.J.; Bals, S.; Van Aert, S.; Roelandts, T.; Sijbers, J.
	Title	Ultra-high resolution electron tomography for materials science : a roadmap			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Microscopy and microanalysis	Abbreviated Journal	Microsc Microanal
	Volume	17	Issue	S:2	Pages	934-935
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Cambridge, Mass.	Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2011-10-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1431-9276;1435-8115;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor	1.891	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.891; 2011 IF: 3.007
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:96554			Serial	3792
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Zhang, L.; Vleugels, J.; Darchuk, L.; van der Biest, O.
	Title	Magnetic field oriented tetragonal zirconia with anisotropic toughness			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Journal of the European Ceramic Society	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	31	Issue	8	Pages	1405-1412
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	(0 0 1)-oriented 3 mol% yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia (3Y-TZP) has been developed by reactive synthesis of undoped pure monoclinic zirconia and co-precipitated 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (8Y-ZrO2). The dispersed pure monoclinic ZrO2 powder, having magnetic anisotropy, was first aligned in a strong magnetic field and co-sintered in a randomly distributed cubic 8Y-ZrO2 fine matrix powder. The reactive sintering resulted in a 3Y-TZP ceramic with a (0 0 1) orientation. The (0 0 1)-oriented 3Y-TZP showed a substantial toughness anisotropy, i.e. the toughness along the [0 0 1] direction is 54% higher than that of its perpendicular direction. Moreover, the toughness along the [0 0 1] direction is 49% higher than that of a non-textured isotropic reactively synthesized 3Y-TZP and 110% higher than that of an isotropic co-precipitated powder based 3Y-TZP. The substantially enhanced toughness was interpreted in terms of the tetragonal to monoclinic martensitic phase transformability.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000290189100008	Publication Date	2011-03-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0955-2219	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:89722			Serial	8192
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Bultinck, E.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Characterization of an Ar/O₂ magnetron plasma by a multi-species Monte Carlo model			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Plasma sources science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Plasma Sources Sci T
	Volume	20	Issue	4	Pages	045013-045013,12
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A combined Monte Carlo (MC)/analytical surface model is developed to study the plasma processes occurring during the reactive sputter deposition of TiOx thin films. This model describes the important plasma species with a MC approach (i.e. electrons, Ar+ ions, {\rm O}_2
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	Bristol	Editor
	Language		Wos	000295829800015	Publication Date	2011-06-14
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0963-0252;1361-6595;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.302	Times cited	7	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.302; 2011 IF: 2.521
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:89732			Serial	316
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	Author	Krüger, P.; da Pieve, F.; Osterwalder, J.
	Title	Real-space multiple scattering method for angle-resolved photoemission and valence-band photoelectron diffraction and its application to Cu(111)			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
	Volume	83	Issue	11	Pages	115437,1-115437,8
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	A computational method is presented for angle-resolved photoemission spectra (ARPES) and photoelectron diffraction (PED) in the ultraviolet regime. The one-step model is employed and both initial valence and final continuum states are calculated using the finite-cluster, real-space multiple scattering method. Thereby the approach is versatile and provides a natural link to core-level PED. The method is applied to the Cu(111) valence band and good agreement with experiment is found for both ARPES spectra and PED patterns. When the PED patterns are integrated over a filled band of a single-orbital symmetry, such as Cu-3d, we show, both numerically and analytically, that the exact theory with delocalized initial states can be replaced by the much simpler, core-level-type theory where the initial states are taken as localized.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000288594500005	Publication Date	2011-03-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1098-0121;1550-235X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.836	Times cited	17	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.836; 2011 IF: 3.691
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:89599			Serial	2831
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	Author	Scalise, E.; Houssa, M.; Pourtois, G.; Afanas'ev, V.V.; Stesmans, A.
	Title	Inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy of HfO₂ gate stacks : a study based on first-principles modeling			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Applied physics letters	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Phys Lett
	Volume	99	Issue	13	Pages	132101,1-132101,3
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A first-principles modeling approach is used to investigate the vibrational properties of HfO2. The calculated phonon density of states is compared to experimental results obtained from inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS) of various metal-oxide-semiconductor devices with HfO2 gate stacks. This comparison provides deep insights into the nature of the signatures of the complicated IETS spectra and provides valuable structural information about the gate stack, such as the possible presence of oxygen vacancies in jet-vapour deposited HfO2. Important structural differences between the interface of atomic-layer or molecular-beam deposited HfO2 and the Si substrate are also revealed.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000295618000036	Publication Date	2011-09-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-6951;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.411	Times cited	1	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.411; 2011 IF: 3.844
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:93611			Serial	1606
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	Author	Si, X.-J.; Zhao, S.-X.; Xu, X.; Bogaerts, A.; Wang, Y.-N.
	Title	Fluid simulations of frequency effects on nonlinear harmonics in inductively coupled plasma			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Physics of plasmas	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Plasmas
	Volume	18	Issue	3	Pages	033504-033504,9
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A fluid model is self-consistently established to investigate the harmonic effects in an inductively coupled plasma, where the electromagnetic field is solved by the finite difference time domain technique. The spatiotemporal distribution of harmonic current density, harmonic potential, and other plasma quantities, such as radio frequency power deposition, plasma density, and electron temperature, have been investigated. Distinct differences in current density have been observed when calculated with and without Lorentz force, which indicates that the nonlinear Lorentz force plays an important role in the harmonic effects, especially at low frequencies. Moreover, the even harmonics are larger than the odd harmonics both in the current density and the potential. Finally, the dependence of various plasma quantities with and without the Lorentz force on various driving frequencies is also examined. It is shown that the deposited power density decreases and the depth of penetration increases slightly because of the Lorentz force. The electron density increases distinctly while the electron temperature remains almost the same when the Lorentz force is taken into account.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Woodbury, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000289151900073	Publication Date	2011-03-18
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1070-664X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.115	Times cited	7	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.115; 2011 IF: 2.147
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:87876			Serial	1233
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	Author	Vandenberghe, W.; Sorée, B.; Magnus, W.; Fischetti, M.V.
	Title	Generalized phonon-assisted Zener tunneling in indirect semiconductors with non-uniform electric fields : a rigorous approach			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Journal of applied physics	Abbreviated Journal	J Appl Phys
	Volume	109	Issue	12	Pages	124503-124503,12
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	A general framework to calculate the Zener current in an indirect semiconductor with an externally applied potential is provided. Assuming a parabolic valence and conduction band dispersion, the semiconductor is in equilibrium in the presence of the external field as long as the electron-phonon interaction is absent. The linear response to the electron-phonon interaction results in a non-equilibrium system. The Zener tunneling current is calculated from the number of electrons making the transition from valence to conduction band per unit time. A convenient expression based on the single particle spectral functions is provided, enabling the evaluation of the Zener tunneling current under any three-dimensional potential profile. For a one-dimensional potential profile an analytical expression is obtained for the current in a bulk semiconductor, a semiconductor under uniform field, and a semiconductor under a non-uniform field using the WKB (Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin) approximation. The obtained results agree with the Kane result in the low field limit. A numerical example for abrupt p-n diodes with different doping concentrations is given, from which it can be seen that the uniform field model is a better approximation than the WKB model, but a direct numerical treatment is required for low bias conditions.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000292331200134	Publication Date	2011-06-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-8979;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.068	Times cited	41	Open Access
	Notes	; William Vandenberghe gratefully acknowledges the support of a Ph.D. stipend from the Institute for the Promotion of Innovation through Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT-Vlaanderen). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.068; 2011 IF: 2.168
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:90808			Serial	1325
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	Author	Mao, M.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Plasma chemistry modeling for an inductively coupled plasma used for the growth of carbon nanotubes			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Journal of physics : conference series	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	275	Issue	1	Pages	012021,1-012021,9
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A hybrid model, called the hybrid plasma equipment model (HPEM), is used to describe the plasma chemistry in an inductively coupled plasma, operating in a gas mixture of C2H2 with either H2 or NH3, as typically used for carbon nanotube (CNT) growth. Two-dimensional profiles of power density, electron temperature and density, gas temperature, and densities of some plasma species are plotted and analyzed. Besides, the fluxes of the various plasma species towards the substrate (where the CNTs can be grown), as well as the decomposition rates of the feedstock gases (C2H2, NH3 and H2), are calculated as a function of the C2H2 fraction in both gas mixtures.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Bristol	Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2011-02-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1742-6596;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:85859			Serial	2631
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	Author	Mao, M.; Wang, Y.N.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Numerical study of the plasma chemistry in inductively coupled SF₆ and SF₆/AR plasmas used for deep silicon etching applications			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Journal of physics: D: applied physics	Abbreviated Journal	J Phys D Appl Phys
	Volume	44	Issue	43	Pages	435202,1-435202,15
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A hybrid model, called the hybrid plasma equipment model, was used to study inductively coupled SF6 plasmas used for Si etching applications. The plasma properties such as number densities of electrons, positive and negative ions, and neutrals are calculated under typical etching conditions. The electron kinetics is analysed by means of the electron energy probability function. The plasma chemistry taking place in pure SF6 and in an Ar/SF6 mixture is also discussed, and finally the effect of the argon fraction on the plasma properties is investigated.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000296591100004	Publication Date	2011-10-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-3727;1361-6463;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.588	Times cited	20	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.588; 2011 IF: 2.544
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:91754			Serial	2409
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	Author	Berdiyorov, G.R.; Milošević, M.V.; Covaci, L.; Peeters, F.M.
	Title	Rectification by an imprinted phase in a Josephson junction			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Physical review letters	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev Lett
	Volume	107	Issue	17	Pages	177008-177008,5
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	A Josephson phase shift can be induced in a Josephson junction by a strategically nearby pinned Abrikosov vortex (AV). For an asymmetric distribution of an imprinted phase along the junction (controlled by the position of the AV) such a simple system is capable of rectification of ac current in a broad and tunable frequency range. The resulting rectified voltage is a consequence of the directed motion of a Josephson antivortex which forms a pair with the AV when at local equilibrium. The proposed realization of the ratchet potential by an imprinted phase is more efficient than the asymmetric geometry of the junction itself, is easily realizable experimentally, and provides rectification even in the absence of an applied magnetic field.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000296985000008	Publication Date	2011-10-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0031-9007;1079-7114;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.462	Times cited	28	Open Access
	Notes	; This work was supported by the Flemish Science Foundation (FWO-Vlaanderen) and the Belgian Science Policy (IAP). G. R. B. and L. C. acknowledge individual support from FWO-Vlaanderen. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.462; 2011 IF: 7.370
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:93715			Serial	2847
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	Author	Yusupov, M.; Bultinck, E.; Depla, D.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Elucidating the asymmetric behavior of the discharge in a dual magnetron sputter deposition system			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Applied physics letters	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Phys Lett
	Volume	98	Issue	13	Pages	131502-131502,3
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A magnetron discharge is characterized by drifts of the charged particles guiding center, caused by the magnetic field, in contrast to unmagnetized discharges. Because of these drifts, a pronounced asymmetry of the discharge can be observed in a dual magnetron setup. In this work, it is found that the shape of the discharge in a dual magnetron configuration depends on the magnetic field configuration. In a closed configuration, strong drifts were observed in one preferential direction, whereas in a mirror configuration the deflection of the discharge was not so pronounced. Our calculations confirm experimental observations.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000289153600017	Publication Date	2011-04-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-6951;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.411	Times cited	4	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.411; 2011 IF: 3.844
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:87867			Serial	1026
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	Author	Verleysen, E.; Bender, H.; Richard, O.; Schryvers, D.; Vandervorst, W.
	Title	Compositional characterization of nickel silicides by HAADF-STEM imaging			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Journal of materials science	Abbreviated Journal	J Mater Sci
	Volume	46	Issue	7	Pages	2001-2008
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	A methodology for the quantitative compositional characterization of nickel silicides by high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) imaging is presented. HAADF-STEM images of a set of nickel silicide reference samples Ni3Si, Ni31Si12, Ni2Si, NiSi and NiSi2 are taken at identical experimental conditions. The correlation between sample thickness and HAADF-STEM intensity is discussed. In order to quantify the relationship between the experimental Z-contrast intensities and the composition of the analysed layers, the ratio of the HAADF-STEM intensity to the sample thickness or to the intensity of the silicon substrate is determined for each nickel silicide reference sample. Diffraction contrast is still detected on the HAADF-STEM images, even though the detector is set at the largest possible detection angle. The influence on the quantification results of intensity fluctuations caused by diffraction contrast and channelling is examined. The methodology is applied to FUSI gate devices and to horizontal TFET devices with different nickel silicides formed on source, gate and drain. It is shown that, if the elements which are present are known, this methodology allows a fast quantitative 2-dimensional compositional analysis.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000286633000002	Publication Date	2011-01-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-2461;1573-4803;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.599	Times cited	1	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.599; 2011 IF: 2.015
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:88950			Serial	446
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	Author	Lindner, H.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Multi-element model for the simulation of inductively coupled plasmas : effects of helium addition to the central gas stream			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy	Abbreviated Journal	Spectrochim Acta B
	Volume	66	Issue	6	Pages	421-431
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A model for an atmospheric pressure inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is developed which allows rather easy extension to a variable number of species and ionisation degrees. This encompasses an easy calculation of transport parameters for mixtures, ionisation and heat capacity. The ICP is modeled in an axisymmetric geometry, taking into account the gas streaming into a flowing ambient gas. A mixture of argon and helium is applied in the injector gas stream as it is often done in laser ablation ICP spectrometry. The results show a strong influence of the added helium on the center of the ICP, which is important for chemical analysis. The length of the central channel is significantly increased and the temperature inside is significantly higher than in the case of pure argon. This means that higher gas volume flow rates can be applied by addition of helium compared to the use of pure argon. This has the advantage that the gas velocity in the transport system towards the ICP can be increased, which allows shorter washout-times. Consequently, shorter measurement times can be achieved, e.g. for spatial mapping analyses in laser ablation ICP spectrometry. Furthermore, the higher temperature and the longer effective plasma length will increase the maximum size of droplets or particles injected into the ICP that are completely evaporated at the detection site. Thus, we expect an increase of the analytical performance of the ICP by helium addition to the injector gas.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000293488700003	Publication Date	2011-04-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0584-8547;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.241	Times cited	28	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.241; 2011 IF: 2.876
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:90190			Serial	2209
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	Author	Cools, J.; Broekx, S.; Vandenberghe, V.; Seuntjens, P.; e.a.
	Title	Coupling a hydrological water quality model and an economic optimization model to set up a cost-effective emission reduction scenario for nitrogen			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Environmental modelling and software	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	26	Issue	1	Pages	44-51
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	A modelling approach is presented that determines the most cost-effective set of reduction measures to reach an in-stream concentration target. The framework is based on the coupling of two models: the hydrological water quality model SWAT and an economic optimization model (Environmental Costing Model, ECM). SWAT is used to determine the relationship between the modelled in-stream concentration at the river basin outlet and the associated emission reduction. The ECM is used to set up marginal abatement cost curves for nutrients and oxygen demanding substances. Results for nitrogen are presented for the Grote Nete river basin in Belgium for the year 2006. Results show that the good status for total nitrogen can be reached in the study area. The most cost-effective measures are more productive dairy cattle, implementing basic measures as defined in the WFD, winter cover crops, improved efficiency of WWTP, enhanced fodder efficiency for pigs, further treatment of industrial waste water and tuned fertilization. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000283891600007	Publication Date	2010-05-18
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1364-8152	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:95529			Serial	7740
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Yusupov, M.; Bultinck, E.; Depla, D.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Behavior of electrons in a dual-magnetron sputter deposition system : a Monte Carlo model			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	New journal of physics	Abbreviated Journal	New J Phys
	Volume	13	Issue		Pages	033018-033018,17
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A Monte Carlo model has been developed for investigating the electron behavior in a dual-magnetron sputter deposition system. To describe the three-dimensional (3D) geometry, different reference frames, i.e. a local and a global coordinate system, were used. In this study, the influence of both closed and mirror magnetic field configurations on the plasma properties is investigated. In the case of a closed magnetic field configuration, the calculated electron trajectories show that if an electron is emitted in (or near) the center of the cathode, where the influence of the magnetic field is low, it is able to travel from one magnetron to the other. On the other hand, when an electron is created at the race track area, it is more or less trapped in the strong magnetic field and cannot easily escape to the second magnetron region. In the case of a mirror magnetic field configuration, irrespective of where the electron is emitted from the cathode, it cannot travel from one magnetron to the other because the magnetic field lines guide the electron to the substrate. Moreover, the electron density and electron impact ionization rate have been calculated and studied in detail for both configurations.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Bristol	Editor
	Language		Wos	000289064600001	Publication Date	2011-03-15
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1367-2630;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.786	Times cited	12	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.786; 2011 IF: 4.177
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:87544			Serial	224
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	Author	Novitskaya, M.; Makhnach, L.; Ivashkevich, L.; Pankov, V.; Klein, H.; Regeau, A.; David, J.; Gemmi, M.; Hadermann, J.; Strobel, P.
	Title	Synthesis, crystal structure and physico-chemical properties of the new quaternary oxide Sr₅BiNi₂O_9.6			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Journal of solid state chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	J Solid State Chem
	Volume	184	Issue	12	Pages	3262-3268
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	A new black quaternary oxide Sr5BiNi2O9.6 was synthesized by solid state reaction at 1200 °C. Its structure was solved by electron crystallography and X-ray powder refinement, yielding a tetragonal structure with space group I4/mmm, a=5.3637 (2) Å, c=17.5541(5) Å, Z=4. The structure can be described as a stacking of (Bi,Sr)O rocksalt slabs and SrNiO3−δ perovskite slabs. The initial nickel valence is close to +3.1. Thermogravimetry and high-temperature oxygen coulometry showed that this compound has variable oxygen content as a function of temperature and oxygen pressure, and ultimately decomposes when heated in low oxygen pressure above 800 °C. It is a metallic conductor with n-type conduction. Its thermoelectric power was determined and found to be −20 and −38 μV/K at 300 and 650 °C, respectively. Magnetic measurements confirm the nickel valence close to +3 and show evidence of magnetic ordering at 20 K.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000297662500021	Publication Date	2011-10-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-4596;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.299	Times cited	4	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.299; 2011 IF: 2.159
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:94016			Serial	3451
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	Author	Serneels, S.; Faber, K.; Verdonck, T.; van Espen, P.J.
	Title	Case specific prediction intervals for tri-PLS1 : the full local linearisation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Chemometrics and intelligent laboratory systems	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	108	Issue	2	Pages	93-99
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	A new method to estimate case specific prediction uncertainty for univariate trilinear partial least squares (tri-PLS1) regression is introduced. This method is, from a theoretical point of view, the most exact finite sample approximation to true prediction uncertainty that has been reported up till now. Using the new method, different error sources can be propagated, which is an advantage that cannot be offered by data driven approaches such as the bootstrap. In a concise example, it is illustrated how the method can be applied. In the Appendix, efficient algorithms are presented to compute the estimates required.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000295310000002	Publication Date	2011-05-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0169-7439; 1873-3239	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:92788			Serial	7580
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	Author	Nikolova, I.; Janssen, S.; Vrancken, K.; Vos, P.; Mishra, V.; Berghmans, P.
	Title	Size resolved ultrafine particles emission model : a continues size distribution approach			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	The science of the total environment	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	409	Issue	18	Pages	3492-3499
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	A new parameterization for size resolved ultrafine particles (UFP) traffic emissions is proposed based on the results of PARTICULATES project (Samaras et al., 2005). It includes the emission factors from the Emission Inventory Guidebook (2006) (total number of particles, #/km/veh), the shape of the corresponding particle size distribution given in PARTICULATES and data for the traffic activity. The output of the model UFPEM (UltraFine Particle Emission Model) is a sum of continuous distributions of ultrafine particles emissions per vehicle type (passenger cars and heavy duty vehicles), fuel (petrol and diesel) and average speed representative for urban, rural and highway driving. The results from the parameterization are compared with measured total number of ultrafine particles and size distributions in a tunnel in Antwerp (Belgium). The measured UFP concentration over the entire campaign shows a close relation to the traffic activity. The modelled concentration is found to be lower than the measured in the campaign. The average emission factor from the measurement is 4.29E + 14 #/km/veh whereas the calculated is around 30% lower. A comparison of emission factors with literature is done as well and in overall a good agreement is found. For the size distributions it is found that the measured distributions consist of three modes Nucleation, Aitken and accumulation and most of the ultrafine particles belong to the Nucleation and the Aitken modes. The modelled Aitken mode (peak around 0.040.05 μm) is found in a good agreement both as amplitude of the peak and the number of particles whereas the modelled Nucleation mode is shifted to smaller diameters and the peak is much lower that the observed. Time scale analysis shows that at 300 m in the tunnel coagulation and deposition are slow and therefore neglected. The UFPEM emission model can be used as a source term in dispersion models.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000293260100026	Publication Date	2011-06-19
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0048-9697; 1879-1026	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:91949			Serial	8546
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	Author	György, K.; Ajtony, Z.; van Meel, K.; Van Grieken, R.; Czitrovszky, A.; Bencs, L.
	Title	Fast heating induced impulse halogenation of refractory sample components in electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry by direct injection of a liquid halogenating agent			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Talanta : the international journal of pure and applied analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	85	Issue	3	Pages	1253-1259
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	A novel electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) method was developed for the halogenation of refractory sample components (Er, Nd and Nb) of lithium niobate (LiNbO3) and bismuth tellurite (Bi2TeO5) optical single crystals to overcome memory effects and carry-over. For this purpose, the cleaning step of a regular graphite furnace heating program was replaced with a halogenation cycle. In this cycle, after the graphite tube cooled to room temperature, a 20 μL aliquot of liquid carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was dispensed with a conventional autosampler into the graphite tube. The CCl4 was partially dried at 80 °C under the mini-flow (40 cm3 min−1) condition of the Ar internal furnace gas (IFG), then the residue was decomposed (pyrolyzed) by fast furnace heating at 19002100 °C under interrupted flow of the IFG. This step was followed by a clean-out stage at 2100 °C under the maximum flow of the IFG. The advantage of the present method is that it does not require any alteration to the graphite furnace gas supply system in contrast to most of the formerly introduced halogenation techniques. The effectiveness of the halogenation method was verified with the determination of Er and Nd dopants in the optical crystals. In these analyses, a sensitivity decrease was observed, which was likely due to the enhanced deterioration of the graphite tube surface. Therefore, the application of mathematical correction (resloping) of the calibration was also required. The calibration curves were linear up to 1.5 and 10 μmol L−1 for Er and Nd, respectively. Characteristic masses of 18 and 241 pg and the limit of detection (LOD) values of 0.017 and 0.27 μmol L−1 were found for Er and Nd, respectively. These LOD data correspond to 0.68 μmol mol−1 Er and 11 μmol mol−1 Nd in solid bismuth tellurite samples. The analytical results were compared with those obtained by a conventional ETAAS method and validated with X-ray fluorescence spectrometry analysis.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000294092800006	Publication Date	2011-05-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0039-9140; 1873-3573	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:91721			Serial	7960
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	Author	De Bie, C.; Verheyde, B.; Martens, T.; van Dijk, J.; Paulussen, S.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Fluid modeling of the conversion of methane into higher hydrocarbons in an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Plasma processes and polymers	Abbreviated Journal	Plasma Process Polym
	Volume	8	Issue	11	Pages	1033-1058
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	A one-dimensional fluid model for a dielectric barrier discharge in methane, used as a chemical reactor for gas conversion, is developed. The model describes the gas phase chemistry governing the conversion process of methane to higher hydrocarbons. The spatially averaged densities of the various plasma species as a function of time are discussed. Besides, the conversion of methane and the yields of the reaction products as a function of the residence time in the reactor are shown and compared with experimental data. Higher hydrocarbons (C2Hy and C3Hy) and hydrogen gas are typically found to be important reaction products. Furthermore, the main underlying reaction pathways are determined.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
	Language		Wos	000297745500005	Publication Date	2011-07-11
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1612-8850;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.846	Times cited	70	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.846; 2011 IF: 2.468
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:92443			Serial	1227
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	Author	Katti, G.; Stucchi, M.; Velenis, D.; Sorée, B.; de Meyer, K.; Dehaene, W.
	Title	Temperature-dependent modeling and characterization of through-silicon via capacitance			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	IEEE electron device letters	Abbreviated Journal	Ieee Electr Device L
	Volume	32	Issue	4	Pages	563-565
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	A semianalytical model of the through-silicon via (TSV) capacitance for elevated operating temperatures is derived and verified with electrical measurements. The effect of temperature on the increase in TSV capacitance over different technology parameters is explored, and it is shown that higher oxide thickness reduces the impact of temperature rise on TSV capacitance, while with low doped substrates, which are instrumental for reducing the TSV capacitance, the sensitivity of TSV capacitance to temperature is large and cannot be ignored.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000288664800045	Publication Date	2011-03-04
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0741-3106;1558-0563;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.048	Times cited	27	Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.048; 2011 IF: 2.849
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:89402			Serial	3498
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	Author	Jain, R.; Rather, J.A.
	Title	Voltammetric determination of antibacterial drug gemifloxacin in solubilized systems at multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Colloids and surfaces: B : biointerfaces	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	83	Issue	2	Pages	340-346
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	A sensitive electroanalytical method for determination of gemifloxacin in pharmaceutical formulation has been investigated on the basis of the enhanced electrochemical response at multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode in the presence of CTAB. Solubilized system of different surfactants including SDS, Tween-20 and CTAB were taken for the study of electrochemical behaviour of gemifloxacin at modified electrode. The reduction peak current increases in the presence of CTAB while other surfactants show opposite effect. The modified electrode exhibits catalytic activity, high sensitivity, stability and is applicable over wide range of concentration for the determination of gemifloxacin. The mechanism of electrochemical reduction of gemifloxacin has been proposed on the basis of CV, SWV, DPV and coulometeric techniques. The proposed squarewave voltammetric method shows linearity over the concentration range 2.4715.5 μg/mL. The achieved limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) are 0.90 ng/mL and 3.0 ng/mL respectively.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000287268000020	Publication Date	2010-12-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0927-7765	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:98687			Serial	8744
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	Author	Michel, K.H.; Verberck, B.
	Title	Phonon dispersions and piezoelectricity in bulk and multilayers of hexagonal boron nitride			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
	Volume	83	Issue	11	Pages	115328-115328,14
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	A unified theory of phonon dispersions and piezoelectricity in bulk and multilayers of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is derived. The dynamical matrix is calculated on the basis of an empirical force constant model of intralayer valence and interlayer van der Waals interactions. Coulomb interactions are calculated by Ewalds method, adapted for the three-dimensional (3D) and the multilayer case. The deformation of the ionic charge distribution with long-wave lattice displacements is taken into account. Special attention is devoted to the nonanalytic long-range Coulomb contribution to the dynamical matrix which is different for the 3D crystal and the multilayer case. Consequently there is a splitting of the transverse optical (TO) and longitudinal optical (LO) phonon branches of E1u symmetry and a discontinuity of the A2u branch at the Γ point in 3D h-BN. No such splitting and discontinuity at Γ are present in multilayer crystals with a finite number N of layers. There a diverging bundle of N overbending optical phonon branches emerges from Γ. Borns long-wave theory is applied and extended for the study of piezoelectricity in layered crystals. While 3D h-BN and h-BN multilayers with an even number of layers (symmetry D6h) are not piezoelectric, multilayers with an uneven number of Nu layers (symmetry D3h) are piezoelectric; the piezoelectric coefficient e1,11 is inversely proportional to Nu.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000288783700005	Publication Date	2011-03-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1098-0121;1550-235X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.836	Times cited	82	Open Access
	Notes	; Discussions with G. Heger, B. Partoens, and F. M. Peeters are gratefully acknowledged. This work has been supported by the Flemish Science Foundation (FWO-V1) and the Bijzonder Onderzoeksfonds, Universiteit Antwerpen (BOF-UA). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.836; 2011 IF: 3.691
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:89602			Serial	2603
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	Author	Simon, Q.; Barreca, D.; Bekermann, D.; Gasparotto, A.; Maccato, C.; Comini, E.; Gombac, V.; Fornasiero, P.; Lebedev, O.I.; Turner, S.; Devi, A.; Fischer, R.A.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Plasma-assisted synthesis of Ag/ZnO nanocomposites : first example of photo-induced H₂ production and sensing			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	International journal of hydrogen energy	Abbreviated Journal	Int J Hydrogen Energ
	Volume	36	Issue	24	Pages	15527-15537
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Ag/ZnO nanocomposites were developed by a plasma-assisted approach. The adopted strategy exploits the advantages of Plasma Enhanced-Chemical Vapor Deposition (PE-CVD) for the growth of columnar ZnO arrays on Si(100) and Al2O3 substrates, in synergy with the infiltration power of the Radio Frequency (RF)-sputtering technique for the subsequent dispersion of different amounts of Ag nanoparticles (NPs). The resulting composites, both as-prepared and after annealing in air, were thoroughly characterized with particular attention on their morphological organization, structure and composition. For the first time, the above systems have been used as catalysts in the production of hydrogen by photo-reforming of alcoholic solutions, yielding a stable H2 evolution even by the sole use of simulated solar radiation. In addition, Ag/ZnO nanocomposites presented an excellent response in the gas-phase detection of H2, opening attractive perspectives for advanced technological applications.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000297089700006	Publication Date	2011-10-14
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0360-3199;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.582	Times cited	62	Open Access
	Notes	Esteem 026019; Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.582; 2011 IF: 4.054
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:91901			Serial	2627
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	Author	Fang, C.M.; van Huis, M.A.; Jansen, J.; Zandbergen, H.W.
	Title	Role of carbon and nitrogen in Fe₂C and Fe₂N from first-principles calculations			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
	Volume	84	Issue	9	Pages	094102-094102,10
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Although Fe2C and Fe2N are technologically important materials, the exact nature of the chemical bonding of C and N atoms and the related impact on the electronic properties are at present unclear. Here, results of first-principles electronic structure calculations for Fe2X (X = C, N) phases are presented. The electronic structure calculations show that the roles of N and C in iron nitrides and carbides are comparable, and that the X-X interactions have significant impact on electronic properties. Accurate analysis of the spatially resolved differences in electron densities reveals a subtle distinction between the chemical bonding and charge transfer of N and C ions.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000294772800003	Publication Date	2011-09-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1098-0121;1550-235X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.836	Times cited	24	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.836; 2011 IF: 3.691
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:92327			Serial	2912
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	Author	Grujić, M.; Zarenia, M.; Chaves, A.; Tadić, M.; Farias, G.A.; Peeters, F.M.
	Title	Electronic and optical properties of a circular graphene quantum dot in a magnetic field : influence of the boundary conditions			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
	Volume	84	Issue	20	Pages	205441-205441,12
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	An analytical approach, using the Dirac-Weyl equation, is implemented to obtain the energy spectrum and optical absorption of a circular graphene quantum dot in the presence of an external magnetic field. Results are obtained for the infinite-massand zigzag boundary conditions. We found that the energy spectrum of a dot with the zigzag boundary condition exhibits a zero-energy band regardless of the value of the magnetic field, while for the infinite-mass boundary condition, the zero-energy states appear only for high magnetic fields. The analytical results are compared to those obtained from the tight-binding model: (i) we show the validity range of the continuum model and (ii) we find that the continuum model with the infinite-mass boundary condition describes rather well its tight-binding analog, which can be partially attributed to the blurring of the mixed edges by the staggered potential.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000297295400011	Publication Date	2011-11-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1098-0121;1550-235X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.836	Times cited	78	Open Access
	Notes	; This work was supported by the EuroGraphene programme of the ESF (project CONGRAN), the Ministry of Education and Science of Serbia, the Belgian Science Policy (IAP), the bilateral projects between Flanders and Brazil, the Flemish Science Foundation (FWO-Vl), and the Brazilian Research Council (CNPq). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.836; 2011 IF: 3.691
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:94025			Serial	997
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	Author	de Baere, K.; Verstraelen, H.; Lemmens, L.; Lenaerts, S.; Potters, G.
	Title	In situ study of the parameters quantifying the corrosion in ballast tanks and an evaluation of improving alternative			Type	P3 Proceeding
	Year	2011	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	An in situ study of more than 100 ballast tanks of merchant marine vessels looks to the corrosion process in these tanks from another perspective. The developed corrosion model shows major similarities with earlier studies based on laboratory experiments. The field work exposes the influence of ship construction parameters such as land of construction, coating type and the presence of sacrificial anodes on the corrosion process in the ballast tanks. Possible alternatives for vessels constructed with ordinary grade A steel and coated according to IMO PSPC standards are presented, even though further research is required to come to final conclusions.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:88937			Serial	5965
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	Author	Lindner, H.; Murtazin, A.; Groh, S.; Niemax, K.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Simulation and experimental studies on plasma temperature, flow velocity, and injector diameter effects for an inductively coupled plasma			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Anal Chem
	Volume	83	Issue	24	Pages	9260-9266
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	An inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is analyzed by means of experiments and numerical simulation. Important plasma properties are analyzed, namely, the effective temperature inside the central channel and the mean flow velocity inside the plasma. Furthermore, the effect of torches with different injector diameters is studied by the model. The temperature inside the central channel is determined from the end-on collected line-to-background ratio in dependence of the injector gas flow rates. Within the limits of 3% deviation, the results of the simulation and the experiments are in good agreement in the range of flow rates relevant for the analysis of relatively large droplets, i.e., 50 μm. The deviation increases for higher gas flow rates but stays below 6% for all flow rates studied. The velocity of the gas inside the coil region was determined by side-on analyte emission measurements with single monodisperse droplet introduction and by the analysis of the injector gas path lines in the simulation. In the downstream region significantly higher velocities were found than in the upstream region in both the simulation and the experiment. The quantitative values show good agreement in the downstream region. In the upstream region, deviations were found in the absolute values which can be attributed to the flow conditions in that region and because the methods used for velocity determination are not fully consistent. Eddy structures are found in the simulated flow lines. These affect strongly the way taken by the path lines of the injector gas and they can explain the very long analytical signals found in the experiments at low flow rates. Simulations were performed for different injector diameters in order to find conditions where good analyte transport and optimum signals can be expected. The results clearly show the existence of a transition flow rate which marks the lower limit for effective analyte transport conditions through the plasma. A rule-of-thumb equation was extracted from the results from which the transition flow rate can be estimated for different injector diameters and different injector gas compositions.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Washington, D.C.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000297946900013	Publication Date	2011-07-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2700;1520-6882;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.32	Times cited	34	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 6.32; 2011 IF: 5.856
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:94001			Serial	3009
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	Author	Kovalevsky, A.; Buysse, C.; Snijkers, F.; Buekenhoudt, A.; Luyten, J.; Kretzschmar, J.; Lenaerts, S.
	Title	Oxygen exchange-limited transport and surface activation of Ba_0.5Sr_0.5Co_0.8Fe_0.2O_3-\delta capillary membranes			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Journal of membrane science	Abbreviated Journal	J Membrane Sci
	Volume	368	Issue	1/2	Pages	223-232
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Analysis of oxygen permeation fluxes through Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3−δ (BSCF) capillary membranes, fabricated via a phase-inversion spinning technique using polysulfone as binder, showed a significant limiting role of the surface-oxygen exchange kinetics. Within the studied temperature and oxygen partial pressure ranges, the activation of core and shell sides of the BSCF capillary with praseodymium oxide (PrOx) resulted in an increase in permeation rate of about 300%. At 11231223 K the activated BSCF membranes demonstrate almost 3-times lower activation energies for the overall oxygen transport (not, vert, similar35 kJ/mol) than the non-activated capillaries, indicating that the mechanism of oxygen transport through the activated capillaries becomes significantly controlled by bulk diffusion limitations, allowing further improvement of the overall performance by decreasing the wall thickness. XRD, EDS and EPMA studies revealed the formation of (Pr,Ba,Sr)(Co,Fe)O3−δ perovskite-type oxides on the surface of the PrOx-modified membranes, which may be responsible for the drastic increase in oxygen exchange rate. At T > 1123 K both non-activated and activated Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3−δ membranes demonstrate stable performance with time, while at 1073 K only a small initial decrease in permeation was observed.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000286701800027	Publication Date	2010-11-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0376-7388	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.035	Times cited	21	Open Access
	Notes	; This work was supported by the German Helmholtz Alliance Project “MEM-BRAIN”, aiming at the development of gas separation membranes for zero-emission fossil fuel power plants. Experimental assistance of B. Molenberghs, W. Doyen, H. Chen, R. Kemps, M. Mertens, I. Thijs, and W. Bouwen (VITO) is gratefully acknowledged. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.035; 2011 IF: 3.850
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:88072			Serial	5975
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	Author	Van Grieken, R.; Worobiec, A.
	Title	X-ray spectrometry for preventive conservation of cultural heritage			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Pramåna: a journal of physics	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	72	Issue	2	Pages	191-200
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
	Abstract	Analytical chemistry does play a key role in the chemical characterization of the environment and it appears that X-ray spectrometry, in its many forms, is one of the most relevant analytical techniques in preventive conservation, as it is in cultural heritage research in general. X-ray spectrometry has indeed been the method of choice for the characterization of the inorganic composition of atmospheric aerosols, for a long time. We have, over the last decade, intensively used various forms of X-ray spectrometry, viz., mostly energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence, e.g. with polarized high-energy beam excitation, and automated electron probe X-ray microanalysis, together with other techniques, to identify particle types and their sources in indoor environments, including museums, while gaseous indoor pollutants were assessed using passive diffusion samplers. In each case, both bulk aerosols and individual aerosol particles were studied. For microanalysis of single particles, we have investigated a dozen techniques, but for wide, real-life applications, automated electron probe X-ray microanalysis is the most rewarding. We have first studied atmospheric aerosols in and around the Correr Museum in Venice, many other museums in Austria, Japan and England, and in the caves with prehistoric rock paintings in Altamira, Spain. Very recently, measurements were done in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York and theWawel Castle in Cracow, in Italian and Polish mountain churches, in a number of museums in Belgium and the Netherlands, and in cathedrals with medieval stained glass windows. In the Correr museum, it appeared that the particles most threatening for the Bellini paintings were released by the deteriorating plaster renderings, and this could be avoided by simply improving the rendering on the museum walls. In the Wawel Castle, outdoor pollution particles, like fine soot from diesel traffic, entering via leaks in the windows and doors, and also street-deicing salts and coal burning pollution particles, brought in by visitors, mostly in winter, were found to be most worrisome. Urgent questions that are not solved at this moment pertain to the deposition processes from the atmosphere to the cultural heritage items, the critical surface interactions that take place on these items, and the establishment of suitable particle concentration standards.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000288861000002	Publication Date	2011-05-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0304-4289; 0973-7111	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:87025			Serial	8785
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