| Records |
| Author |
Bertrand, L.; Robinet, L.; Thoury, M.; Janssens, K.; Cohen, S.X.; Schöder, S. |
| Title |
Cultural heritage and archaeology materials studied by synchrotron spectroscopy and imaging |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Applied physics A : materials science & processing |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl Phys A-Mater |
| Volume |
106 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
377-396 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
Abstract  |
The use of synchrotron radiation techniques to study cultural heritage and archaeological materials has undergone a steep increase over the past 10-15 years. The range of materials studied is very broad and encompasses painting materials, stone, glass, ceramics, metals, cellulosic and wooden materials, and a cluster of organic-based materials, in phase with the diversity observed at archaeological sites, museums, historical buildings, etc. Main areas of investigation are: (1) the study of the alteration and corrosion processes, for which the unique non-destructive speciation capabilities of X-ray absorption have proved very beneficial, (2) the understanding of the technologies and identification of the raw materials used to produce archaeological artefacts and art objects and, to a lesser extent, (3) the investigation of current or novel stabilisation, conservation and restoration practices. In terms of the synchrotron methods used, the main focus so far has been on X-ray techniques, primarily X-ray fluorescence, absorption and diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. We review here the use of these techniques from recent works published in the field demonstrating the breadth of applications and future potential offered by third generation synchrotron techniques. New developments in imaging and advanced spectroscopy, included in the UV/visible and IR ranges, could even broaden the variety of materials studied, in particular by fostering more studies on organic and complex organic-inorganic mixtures, while new support activities at synchrotron facilities might facilitate transfer of knowledge between synchrotron specialists and users from archaeology and cultural heritage sciences. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000299749000009 |
Publication Date |
2011-11-25 |
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
0947-8396 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
1.455 |
Times cited |
55 |
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
; The authors acknowledge the critical reading by B. Berrie (National Gallery of Art, Washington DC, USA). We thank J. Mass (Conservation Department, Winterthur Museum and Country Estate, Winterthur, DE, USA), H. Roemich (Institute of Fine Arts, New York University, USA), J. Hiller (Non-Crystalline Diffraction Beamline, Diamond Light Source, Didcot, UK) and J.-P. Echard (Laboratoire de recherche et de restauration, Musee de la musique, Paris, France) for their comments on the presentation of their work in the manuscript. The IPANEMA platform is jointly developed by CNRS, MNHN, the French Ministry of Culture and Communication and SOLEIL, and benefits from a CPER grant (MESR, Region Ile-de-France). Support by the Access to Research Infrastructures activity in the 7th Framework Programme of the EU (CHARISMA Grant Agreement n. 228330) and the NWO Science4Arts programme are acknowledged. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.455; 2012 IF: 1.545 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:99166 |
Serial |
5561 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Vanmeert, F.; De Keyser, N.; van Loon, A.; Klaassen, L.; Noble, P.; Janssens, K. |
| Title |
Transmission and reflection mode macroscopic x-ray powder diffraction imaging for the noninvasive visualization of paint degradation in still life paintings by Jan Davidsz. de Heem |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
| Volume |
91 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
7153-7161 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The use of noninvasive chemical imaging techniques is becoming more widespread for the study of cultural heritage artifacts. Recently a mobile instrument for macroscopic X-ray powder diffraction (MA-XRPD) scanning was developed, which is capable of visualizing the distribution of crystalline (pigment) phases in quasi-flat-painted artifacts. In this study, MA-XRPD is used in both transmission and reflection mode for the analysis of three 17th century still life paintings, two paintings by Jan Davidsz. de Heem (1606-1684) and one copy painting after De Heem by an unknown artist. MA-XRPD allowed to reveal and map the presence of in situ-formed alteration products. In the works examined, two rare lead arsenate minerals, schultenite (PbHAsO4) and mimetite (Pb-5(AsO4)(3)Cl), were encountered, both at and below the paint surface; they are considered to be degradation products of the pigments realgar (alpha-As4S4) and orpiment (As2S3). In transmission mode, the depletion of lead white, present in the (second) ground layer, could be seen, illustrating the intrusive nature of this degradation process. In reflection mode, several sulfate salts, palmierite (K2Pb(SO4)(2)), syngenite (K2Ca(SO4)(2)center dot H2O), and gypsum (CaSO4 center dot 2H(2)O), could be detected, in particular, at the (top) surface of the copy painting. Estimates for the information depth and sensitivity of both transmission and reflection mode MA-XRPD for various pigments have been made. The possibility of MA-XRPD to allow for noninvasive identification and visualization of alteration products is considered a significant advantage and unique feature of this method. MA-XRPD can thus provide highly relevant information for assessing the conservation state of artworks and could guide possible future restoration treatments. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000470793800031 |
Publication Date |
2019-05-10 |
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
0003-2700; 5206-882x |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
6.32 |
Times cited |
5 |
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
; The authors acknowledge financial support from BELSPO (Brussels) S2-ART and METOX projects, the NWO (The Hague) Science4Arts “ReVisRembrandt” project, and the GOA Project Solarpaint (University of Antwerp Research Council). The authors thank the Rijksmuseum, the Royal Museum of Fine Arts Antwerp, and their staff for the collaborations. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.32 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:160245 |
Serial |
5882 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
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| |
| Author |
De Meyer, S.; Vanmeert, F.; Vertongen, R.; van Loon, A.; Gonzalez, V.; van der Snickt, G.; Vandivere, A.; Janssens, K. |
| Title |
Imaging secondary reaction products at the surface of Vermeer's Girl with the Pearl Earring by means of macroscopic X-ray powder diffraction scanning |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Heritage science |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
7 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
67 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES) |
| Abstract |
The use of non-invasive macroscopic imaging techniques is becoming more prevalent in the field of cultural heritage, especially to avoid invasive procedures that damage valuable artworks. For this purpose, an X-ray powder diffraction scanner (MA-XRPD) capable of visualising crystalline compounds in a highly specific manner was recently developed. Many inorganic pigments present in paintings fall into this category of materials. In this study, the 17th century oil painting Girl with a Pearl Earring (c. 1665) by Johannes Vermeer was analysed with a combination of transmission and reflection mode MA-XRPD. By employing this scanner in reflection mode, the relative sensitivity for compounds that are present at the paint surface could be increased, establishing it as a highly relevant technique for investigating the degradation processes that are ongoing at paint surfaces. Many of the original pigments employed by Vermeer could be identified, along with four secondary alteration products: gypsum (CaSO4 center dot 2H(2)O), anglesite (PbSO4), palmierite (K2Pb(SO4)(2)) and weddellite (CaC2O4 center dot 2H(2)O). The formation of gypsum was linked to the presence of chalk in the upper glaze layer while the formation of palmierite and weddellite is driven by the presence of lake pigments (and their substrates). In this manner, MA-XRPD can also be used to pinpoint locations relevant for sampling and synchrotron mu-XRPD analysis, which provides information on the microscopic make-up of the paint. A paint cross-section taken from an area rich in palmierite was analysed with synchrotron mu-XRPD, which confirmed the presence of this secondary compound at the interface of the upper paint layer with the ground layer as well as the presence of anglesite in the ground layer. The capacity of MA-XRPD to identify and chart secondary alteration products in a non-invasive manner has only very recently been demonstrated and makes it a highly relevant technique for the assessment of the chemical condition of works of art. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
|
Wos |
000484938100001 |
Publication Date |
2019-09-08 |
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2050-7445 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
5 |
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
; The authors would like to thank Interreg Vlaanderen-Nederland for funding to help develop the MA-rXRPD scanner. This project was made possible with support from the Johan Maurits Compagnie Foundation. This study was supported by Interreg and CALIPSOplus (Grant 730872). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:162801 |
Serial |
5653 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
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| |
| Author |
Vincze, L.; Vekemans, B.; Janssens, K.; Adams, F. |
| Title |
Modeling of photon scattering at high X-ray energies : experiment versus simulation |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry
T2 – 15th International Congress on X-Ray Optics and Microanalysis (ICXOM), AUG 24-27, 1998, ANTWERP, BELGIUM |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Anal Atom Spectrom |
| Volume |
14 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
529-533 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The use of a detailed Monte Carlo simulation code for X-ray fluorescence spectrometers is demonstrated for calculating the outcome of X-ray scattering experiments in the incident energy range 40-80 keV. The code was validated by comparisons of experimental and simulated spectral distributions in the case of thick, homogeneous samples in which multiple photon scattering occurs with high probability. The experimental spectral distributions were collected at beamline BW5 of HASYLAB, Germany, where a highly energetic, monochromatic synchrotron beam is available. With respect to heterogeneous samples, the code was employed to evaluate the use of Rayleigh and Compton scatter signals for obtaining three dimensional information on the sample dark matrix composition. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000079138500032 |
Publication Date |
2002-07-26 |
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
0267-9477 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
3.379 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.379; 1999 IF: 3.677 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:103504 |
Serial |
5732 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
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| |
| Author |
Bertrand, L.; Schoeeder, S.; Anglos, D.; Breese, M.B.H.; Janssens, K.; Moini, M.; Simon, A. |
| Title |
Mitigation strategies for radiation damage in the analysis of ancient materials |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Trends in analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trac-Trend Anal Chem |
| Volume |
66 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
128-145 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The study of materials in cultural heritage artifacts and micro-samples benefits from diagnostic techniques based on intense radiation sources, such as synchrotrons, ion-beam accelerators and lasers. While most of the corresponding techniques are classified as non-destructive, investigation with photons or charged particles entails a number of fundamental processes that may induce changes in materials. These changes depend on irradiation parameters, properties of materials and environmental factors. In some cases, radiation-induced damage may be detected by visual inspection. When it is not, irradiation may still lead to atomic and molecular changes resulting in immediate or delayed alteration and bias of future analyses. Here we review the effects of radiation reported on a variety of cultural heritage materials and describe the usual practice for assessing short-term and long-term effects. This review aims to raise awareness and encourage subsequent research activities to limit radiation side effects. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000352248200020 |
Publication Date |
2014-12-22 |
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
0165-9936 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
8.442 |
Times cited |
35 |
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
; We wish to acknowledge the support of this initiative by the International Atomic Energy Agency. We gratefully thank Professor Manfred Schreiner of the Institute of Natural Sciences and Technology in the Arts (Akademie den bildenden Kunst, Vienna, Austria) for helpful discussions and insights on this work. We thank all colleagues who accepted to have their work reproduced in this review. IPANEMA at Synchrotron SOLEIL, the Hungarian Academy of Science and IESL-FORTH were supported within the Research Infrastructure program CHARISMA of the 7th Framework Programme of the EU (Grant Agreement no. 228330). MM's contribution is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant numbers CHE 1241672 and CHE 1440849. We thank Chris McGlinchey and Lauren Klein (Museum of Modern Art, New York, USA) for their critical rereading of the manuscript. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 8.442; 2015 IF: 6.472 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:124627 |
Serial |
5729 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Simoen, J.; De Meyer, S.; Vanmeert, F.; De Keyser, N.; Avranovich, E.; van der Snickt, G.; Van Loon, A.; Keune, K.; Janssens, K. |
| Title |
Combined Micro- and Macro scale X-ray powder diffraction mapping of degraded Orpiment paint in a 17th century still life painting by Martinus Nellius |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Heritage science |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
7 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
83 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES) |
| Abstract |
The spontaneous chemical alteration of artists' pigment materials may be caused by several degradation processes. Some of these are well known while others are still in need of more detailed investigation and documentation. These changes often become apparent as color modifications, either caused by a change in the oxidation state in the original material or the formation of degradation products or salts, via simple or more complex, multistep reactions. Arsenic-based pigments such as orpiment (As2S3) or realgar (alpha-As4S4) are prone to such alterations and are often described as easily oxidizing upon exposure to light. Macroscopic X-ray powder diffraction (MA-XRPD) imaging on a sub area of a still life painting by the 17th century Dutch painter Martinus Nellius was employed in combination with microscopic (mu-) XRPD imaging of a paint cross section taken in the area imaged by MA-XRPD. In this way, the in situ formation of secondary metal arsenate and sulfate species and their migration through the paint layer stack they originate from could be visualized. In the areas originally painted with orpiment, it could be shown that several secondary minerals such as schultenite (PbHAsO4), mimetite (Pb-5(AsO4)(3)Cl), palmierite (K2Pb(SO4)(2)) and syngenite (K2Ca(SO4)(2)center dot H2O) have formed. Closer inspection of the cross-sectioned paint layer stack with mu-XRPD illustrates that the arsenate minerals schultenite and mimetite have precipitated at the interface between the orpiment layer and the layer below that is rich in lead white, i.e. close to the depth of formation of the arsenate ions. The sulfate palmierite has mostly precipitated at the surface and upper layers of the painting. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000490592700001 |
Publication Date |
2019-10-16 |
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2050-7445 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
2 |
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
; The authors acknowledge financial support from the NWO (The Hague) Science4Arts 'ReVisRembrandt' project (AvL, JD), the GOA Project Solarpaint (University of Antwerp Research Council) (SdM) and the METOX project (Belgian Federal Science Policy) (FvM). Special thanks go to the support received from FWO, Brussels via projects G056619 N and G054719 N (GvdS, KJ) and from NWO, The Hague via project NICAS/3D2P (KK, NdK). Parts of the MA-XRPD scanner could be purchased thanks to InterReg Project Smart*Light. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:163693 |
Serial |
5521 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Cagno, S.; Nuyts, G.; Bugani, S.; De Vis, K.; Schalm, O.; Caen, J.; Helfen, L.; Cotte, M.; Reischig, P.; Janssens, K. |
| Title |
Evaluation of manganese-bodies removal in historical stained glass windows via SR-\mu-XANES/XRF and SR-\mu-CT |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Anal Atom Spectrom |
| Volume |
26 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
2442-2451 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The speed and effectiveness of a conservation treatment used for stained glass windows have been investigated. Dark-coloured Mn-rich stains can be found in the alteration layer of ancient glass artefacts and cause the surface to turn brown/black: this phenomenon is known as Mn-browning or Mn-staining. While in glass manganese is present in the +II or +III oxidation states, in the Mn-rich bodies, manganese is in a higher oxidation state (+IV). In restoration practice, mildly reducing solutions are employed to eliminate the dark colour and restore the clear appearance of the glass. In this paper the effectiveness and side effects of the use of hydroxylamine hydrochloride for this purpose are assessed. Archaeological fragments of stained glass windows, dated to the 14th century and originating from Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge (UK), were examined by means of synchrotron radiation (SR) based microscopic X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectroscopy (μ-XANES) and microscopic X-Ray Fluorescence (μ-XRF) and with high resolution computed absorption tomography (μ-CT) before, during and after the treatment. The monitoring of the glass fragments during the treatment allows us to better understand the manner in which the process unfolds and its kinetics. The results obtained reveal that the hydroxylamine hydrochloride treatment is effective, but also that it has a number of unwanted side effects. These findings are useful for optimizing the time and other modalities of the Mn-reducing treatment as well as minimizing its unwanted results. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000297030400009 |
Publication Date |
2011-10-11 |
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
0267-9477 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
3.379 |
Times cited |
17 |
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
; This research was supported by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme-Belgian Science Policy (IUAP VI/16). The text also presents results of GOA “XANES meets ELNES” (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium) and from FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0704.08 and G.01769.09. Special thanks to Ms Leonie Seliger, head of the stained-glass conservation studio (The Cathedral Studios-The Chapter of Canterbury Cathedral) for the supply of the archaeological samples. The authors gratefully acknowledge ESRF for granting beamtime (proposal EC-602). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.379; 2011 IF: 3.220 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:93848 |
Serial |
5613 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
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| |
| Author |
van Loon, A.; Vandivere, A.; Delaney, J.K.; Dooley, K.A.; De Meyer, S.; Vanmeert, F.; Gonzalez, V.; Janssens, K.; Leonhardt, E.; Haswell, R.; de Groot, S.; D'Imporzano, P.; Davies, G.R. |
| Title |
Beauty is skin deep : the skin tones of Vermeer's Girl with a Pearl Earring |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Heritage science |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
7 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
102 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The soft modelling of the skin tones in Vermeer's Girl with a Pearl Earring (Mauritshuis) has been remarked upon by art historians, and is their main argument to date this painting to c. 1665. This paper describes the materials and techniques Vermeer used to accomplish the smooth flesh tones and facial features of the Girl, which were investigated as part of the 2018 Girl in the Spotlight research project. It combines macroscopic X-ray fluorescence imaging (MA-XRF), reflectance imaging spectroscopy (RIS), and 3D digital microscopy. Vermeer built up the face, beginning with distinct areas of light and dark. He then smoothly blended the final layers to create almost seamless transitions. The combination of advanced imaging techniques highlighted that Vermeer built the soft contour around her face by leaving a 'gap' between the background and the skin. It also revealed details that were otherwise not visible with the naked eye, such as the eyelashes. Macroscopic imaging was complemented by the study of paint cross-sections using: light microscopy, SEM-EDX, FIB-STEM, synchrotron radiation mu-XRPD and FTIR-ATR. Vermeer intentionally used different qualities or grades of lead white in the flesh paints, showing different hydrocerussite/cerussite ratios and particle sizes. Lead isotope analysis showed that the geographic source of lead, from which the different types of lead white were manufactured, was the same: the region of Peak District of Derbyshire, UK. Finally, cross-section analysis identified the formation of new lead species in the paints: lead soaps and palmierite (K2Pb(SO4)(2)), associated with the red lake. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000516736100001 |
Publication Date |
2019-12-16 |
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2050-7445 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:167549 |
Serial |
7552 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Janssens, K.; Vincze, L.; Vekemans, B.; Williams, C.T.; Radtke, M.; Haller, M.; Knöchel, A. |
| Title |
The non-destructive determination of REE in fossilized bone using synchrotron radiation induced K-line X-ray microfluorescence analysis |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
363 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
413-420 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The sensitivity and applicability of the synchrotron radiation induced X-ray microfluorescence (mu-SRXRF) spectrometer at the Hamburg synchrotron laboratory Hasylab for the determination of the distribution of trace concentrations of rare-earth elements (REE) in fossilized bone are discussed and critically compared to those of other trace analytical methods such as instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and LAMP-ICPMS (laser ablation microprobe inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry). Measurements were carried out on two bone samples from contrasting terrestrial depositional environments at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania). Results indicate that the microdistribution of the REE in these biological materials is not homogeneous and that the relative abundance of these elements can provide information on the palaeoenvironment during the fossilization process. The heterogeneous distribution of the REE can be determined in a quantitative and completely non-destructive manner provided the concentrations of individual REE are above 10 mu g/g. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000078895300015 |
Publication Date |
2002-08-25 |
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
0937-0633 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:103505 |
Serial |
5747 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Kuckova, S.; Hamidi-Asl, E.; Matulkova, I.; Hynek, R.; De Wael, K.; Sanyova, J.; Janssens, K. |
| Title |
Technoques and applications of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy (SERSS) focused on cultural heritage |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Chemické listy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Listy |
| Volume |
112 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
312-316 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The review is devoted to a modern method of vibrational spectroscopy – surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy Its principle and some of its special variants (imunnoSERS and TERS (Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy)) are described m a simpinified manner Wide application possibilities are demonstrated on selected examples from its application m culturinl heritage. |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0009-2770; 1213-7103 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
| Impact Factor |
0.387 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 0.387 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:151616 |
Serial |
5869 |
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| Author |
Cagno, S.; Cosyns, P.; Ceglia, A.; Nys, K.; Janssens, K. |
| Title |
The use of vitrum obsianum in the Roman Empire: some new insights and future prospects |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Periodico di mineralogia |
Abbreviated Journal |
Period Mineral |
| Volume |
84 |
Issue |
3a |
Pages |
465-482 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The research on the use of obsidian in the Mediterranean is extensive but concerns almost exclusively volcanic glass from prehistoric and Bronze Age contexts. The consumption of obsidian during the Roman imperial period, however, has only occasionally received attention. Never a comprehensive account on what the Romans made in vitrum obsianum has been set up, nor have the sources exploited by them been examined. This paper provides a concise overview of the current knowledge on obsidian during the Roman imperial period and offers an introductory outline on potential research. The ancient writers inform us about the use of volcanic glass to create exclusive vessels, gemstones, mirrors and sculpture, but also about the creation of black appearing man-made glass initiated as a cheap and easier workable substitute of obsidian. The archaeological data on the other hand propose a more complex story with the occurrence of obsidian chunks in early Roman secondary glass workshops, and the bulky use of obsidian in late Antiquity to produce tesserae for the creation of wall and vault mosaics. Because it is extremely difficult to visually distinguish natural obsidian from man-made glass imitations we present in this paper data collected by means of non-destructive chemico-physical analyses SEM-EDX, portable X-ray fluorescence (p-XRF) and Raman spectroscopy to easily distinguish man-made glass from natural obsidian. In particular the use of portable instruments makes possible in situ analysis of objects in archaeological depots or museum collections to help defining distribution networks to better understand the shifting consumption patterns in Antiquity. |
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Wos |
000365632500007 |
Publication Date |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0369-8963 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
0.883 |
Times cited |
2 |
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
; Our sincere gratitude goes to Cecile Evers and Natacha Masar to have granted permission for studying and analysing various obsidian artefacts within the collections of the Royal Museums of Art and History, Brussels (Belgium). We are also very grateful to Roald Doctor, Daniele Foy and Laudine Robin, respectively for having provided the material from Carthage, for the Sidi Jdidi tessera and Lyon. Our appreciation also goes to Ian Freestone and Andrew Meek respectively for having worked out and provided the internal report on the horse foreleg in the British Museum. Finally we wish to thank Jennifer Price, Maria Grazia Diani respectively for the information on the Stanwick fragment and the piece in the Pogliaghi-Varesse collection. This research was supported by the Hercules Foundation (Brussels) with the grant AUHA09004 and FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0C12.13 and G.01769.09 and partly by the Research Council of Norway through its Centres of Excellence funding scheme, project number 223268/ F50. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 0.883; 2015 IF: 0.464 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:130244 |
Serial |
5876 |
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| Author |
Radepont, M.; Coquinot, Y.; Janssens, K.; Ezrati, J.-J.; de Nolf, W.; Cotte, M. |
| Title |
Thermodynamic and experimental study of the degradation of the red pigment mercury sulfide |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Anal Atom Spectrom |
| Volume |
30 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
599-612 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The red pigment mercury sulfide, called cinnabar or vermilion, is well known to suffer from an alteration giving rise to a grey, grey-white or black color at the surface of degraded works of art. This phenomenon can dramatically affect the esthetical value of artworks. This work aims at assessing the factors (light, halides) influencing the instability of red mercury sulfide and understanding (by combining thermodynamic and experimental approaches) the chemical equilibria governing the formation and evolution of the different degradation compounds. From the thermodynamic study of the Hg-S-Cl-H2O system, it was concluded that Hg(0), Hg3S2Cl2, and Hg2Cl2 can be formed from the reaction of alpha-HgS with ClO(g). In the second part, the artificial ageing experiments presented were carried out on model samples following the conditions assessed in the first part, in order to reproduce natural ageing observed on red mercury sulfide. Similarly to degradation compounds detected on original works of art, mercury chlorine compounds such as calomel (Hg2Cl2) and corderoite (alpha-Hg3S2Cl2) were identified on the surface of alpha-HgS model samples, when exposed to light and a sodium hypochlorite solution. Sulfates were detected as well, and more particularly gypsum (CaSO4 center dot 2H(2)O) when Ca was originally present in the model sample. The relationship between color and composition is discussed as well. |
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Editor |
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Wos |
000350650800005 |
Publication Date |
2015-01-02 |
| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0267-9477 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
3.379 |
Times cited |
26 |
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
; The authors gratefully acknowledge the ESRF for granting beamtime under proposal no. EC720. Michel Dubus is thanked for providing precious advices concerning ageing protocols. This research was supported by Belgian Science Policy project S2-ART (BELSPO S4DA), the GOA “SOLARPAINT” (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium) and FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0C12.13, G.0704.08 and G.01769.09. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.379; 2015 IF: 3.466 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:125474 |
Serial |
5877 |
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| Author |
Marchetti, A.; Saniz, R.; Krishnan, D.; Rabbachin, L.; Nuyts, G.; De Meyer, S.; Verbeeck, J.; Janssens, K.; Pelosi, C.; Lamoen, D.; Partoens, B.; De Wael, K. |
| Title |
Unraveling the Role of Lattice Substitutions on the Stabilization of the Intrinsically Unstable Pb2Sb2O7Pyrochlore: Explaining the Lightfastness of Lead Pyroantimonate Artists’ Pigments |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Chemistry Of Materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chem Mater |
| Volume |
32 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
2863-2873 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Condensed Matter Theory (CMT) |
| Abstract |
The pyroantimonate pigments Naples yellow and lead tin antimonate yellow are recognized as some of the most stable synthetic yellow pigments in the history of art. However, this exceptional lightfastness is in contrast with experimental evidence suggesting that this class of mixed oxides is of semiconducting nature. In this study the electronic structure and light-induced behavior of the lead pyroantimonate pigments were determined by means of a combined multifaceted analytical and computational approach (photoelectrochemical measurements, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, STEM-EDS, STEM-HAADF, and density functional theory calculations). The results demonstrate both the semiconducting nature and the lightfastness of these pigments. Poor optical absorption and minority carrier mobility are the main properties responsible for the observed stability. In addition, novel fundamental insights into the role played by Na atoms in the stabilization of the otherwise intrinsically unstable Pb2Sb2O7 pyrochlore were obtained. |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000526394000016 |
Publication Date |
2020-04-14 |
| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0897-4756 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
8.6 |
Times cited |
8 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
| Notes |
Universiteit Antwerpen; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 8.6; 2020 IF: 9.466 |
| Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:168819 |
Serial |
6363 |
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| Author |
Lind, O.C.; de Nolf, W.; Janssens, K.; Salbu, B. |
| Title |
Micro-analytical characterisation of radioactive heterogeneities in samples from Central Asian TENORM sites |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Journal of environmental radioactivity |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Environ Radioactiv |
| Volume |
123 |
Issue |
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Pages |
63-70 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The present work focuses on the use of micro-analytical techniques to demonstrate the heterogeneous distribution of radionuclides and metals in soils collected at Former Soviet Union mining sites in Central Asia. Based on digital autoradiography, radionuclides were heterogeneously distributed in soil samples collected at the abandoned uranium mining sites Kurday, Kazakhstan, Kadji Sai, Kyrgyzstan and Taboshar, Tajikistan. Using electron microscopy interfaced with X-ray microanalysis submicron – mm-sized radioactive particles and rock fragments with U, As, Se and toxic metals on the surfaces were identified in Kurday and Kadji Sai samples. Employing scanning and tomographic (3D) synchrotron radiation based micro-X-ray fluorescence (mu-SRXRF) and synchrotron radiation based micro-X-ray diffraction (mu-SRXRD) allowed us to observe the inner structure of the particles without physical sectioning. The distribution of elements in virtual crosssections demonstrated that U and a series of toxic elements were rather heterogeneously distributed also within individual radioactive TENORM particles. Compared to archived data, U in Kadji Sai particles was present as uraninite (U4O9+y or UO2+x) or Na-zippeite aNa(4)(UO2)(6)[(OH)(10)(SO4)(3)]center dot 4H(2)O), i.e. U minerals with very low solubility. The results suggested that TENORM particles can carry substantial amount of radioactivity, which can be subject to re-suspension, atmospheric transport and water transport. Thus, the potential radioecological and radioanalytical impact of radioactive particles at NORM and TENORM sites worldwide should be taken into account. The present work also demonstrates that radioecological studies should benefit from the use of advanced methods such as synchrotron radiation based techniques. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000321177200007 |
Publication Date |
2012-03-16 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0265-931x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
2.31 |
Times cited |
16 |
Open Access |
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| Notes |
; We gratefully acknowledge the support provided by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the European Commission (HASYLAB proposal I-20070051 EC and II-20090184 EC). The authors are indebted to Dr. Karen Appel and Dr. Manuela Borchert, Hasylab for beamline assistance. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.31; 2013 IF: 3.571 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:109558 |
Serial |
5710 |
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| Author |
Sciutto, G.; Legrand, S.; Catelli, E.; Prati, S.; Malegori, C.; Oliveri, P.; Janssens, K.; Mazzeo, R. |
| Title |
Macroscopic mid-FTIR mapping and clustering-based automated data-reduction : an advanced diagnostic tool for in situ investigations of artworks |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Talanta |
Abbreviated Journal |
Talanta |
| Volume |
209 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
120575-120577 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The present study describes a multivariate strategy that can be used for automatic on-site processing of reflection mode macro FTIR mapping (MA-rFTIR) data obtained during investigation of artworks. The chemometric strategy is based on the integration of principal component analysis (PCA) with a clustering approach in the space subtended by the three lowest-order principal components and allows to automatically identify the regions of interest (ROIs) of the area scanned and to extract the average FTIR spectra related to each ROI. Thanks to the automatic data management, in-field HSI (hyperspectral imaging)-based analyses may be performed even by staff lacking specific advanced chemometric expertise, as it is sometimes the case for conservation scientists or conservators with a scientific background. MA-rFTIR was only recently introduced in the conservation field and, in this work the technique was employed to characterize the surface of metallic artefacts. The analytical protocol was employed as part of a rapid procedure to evaluate the conservation state and the performance of cleaning methods on bronze objects. Both activities are commonly part of restoration campaigns of bronzes and require an on-site analytical procedure for efficient and effective diagnosis. The performance of the method was first evaluated on aged standard samples (bronzes with a layer of green basic copper hydroxysulphate, treated with different organic coatings) and then scrutinized in situ on areas of the 16th century Neptune fountain statue (Piazza del Nettuno, Bologna, Italy) by Gianbologna. |
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Wos |
000509632900088 |
Publication Date |
2019-11-19 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0039-9140; 1873-3573 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
6.1 |
Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.1; 2020 IF: 4.162 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:166476 |
Serial |
6557 |
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| Author |
Benito, P.; Monti, M.; de Nolf, W.; Nuyts, G.; Janssens, K.; et al. |
| Title |
Improvement in the coating homogeneity in electrosynthesized Rh structured catalysts for the partial oxidation of methane |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Catalysis today |
Abbreviated Journal |
Catal Today |
| Volume |
246 |
Issue |
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Pages |
154-164 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The precipitation of Rh/Mg/Al and Rh/Al hydroxides on the surface of FeCrAlloy foams by a base electrogeneration method was investigated to improve the properties of the deposited film (homogeneity and composition) and therefore the performances of the structured catalysts, obtained by calcination, in the Catalytic Partial Oxidation of CH4 to syngas. The work focussed on decreasing current gradients within open-cell foam cylinders by increasing the number of electrical contacts from 1 to 3 points to promote a more homogeneous precipitation of the hydroxides. Electrochemical and catalytic tests as well as SEM/EDS and mu-XRFIXRD analyses allowed to correlate the effect of the number of electrical contact points with materials properties. Lastly, syntheses were performed on Pt plates to study the effect of the electrical behaviour and shape of the support on the composition of the film. A more homogeneous coating of the foam surface was achieved by adopting a configuration with 3 contact points since the reduction of nitrates and water molecules that generates the basic media in the vicinity of the support was enhanced. Layer thicknesses up to 5-15 mu m were deposited; however, the sequential precipitation of a film with composition closer to the expected one and a layer enriched in Al and Rh (outer layer) was not avoided. The improvement in the coating gave rise to enhanced performances for a sample prepared at -1.1 V for 3000 s. Contrarily, the low adherence of the outer layer in a sample prepared at -1.2 V for 2000 s during both calcination and catalytic tests may be responsible of the unexpected decrease in catalytic performances. The same sequential precipitation was observed by performing the syntheses on Pt plates, showing that the electrical nature the support did not play a key role on this phenomenon. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Wos |
000349998300020 |
Publication Date |
2014-10-31 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0920-5861 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
4.636 |
Times cited |
14 |
Open Access |
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| Notes |
; The financial support from the Ministero per l'Istruzione, l'Universita e la Ricerca (MIUR, Roma, I) is gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank D. Grolimund and C.N. Borca for assisting the mu XRF/XRD conducted experiments at MicroXAS Beamline of SLS Thanks are due to Porvair for supplying FeCrAlloy foams. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.636; 2015 IF: 3.893 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:124616 |
Serial |
5656 |
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| Author |
de Nolf, W.; Jaroszewicz, J.; Terzano, R.; Lind, O.C.; Salbu, B.; Vekemans, B.; Janssens, K.; Falkenberg, G. |
| Title |
Possibilities and limitations of synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction with double crystal and double multilayer monochromators for microscopic speciation studies |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Spectrochim Acta B |
| Volume |
64 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
775-781 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The performance of a combined microbeam X-ray fluorescence/X-ray powder diffraction (XRF/XRPD) measurement station at Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor (HASYLAB) Beamline L is discussed in comparison to that at European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) ID18F/ID22. The angular resolution in the X-ray diffractograms is documented when different combinations of X-ray source, optics and X-ray diffraction detectors are employed. Typical angular resolution values in the range 0.30.5° are obtained at the bending magnet source when a pink beam form of excitation is employed. A similar setup at European Synchrotron Radiation Facility beamlines ID18F and ID22 allows to reach angular resolution values of 0.10.15°. In order to document the possibilities and limitations for speciation of metals in environmental materials by means of Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor Beamline L X-ray fluorescence/X-ray powder diffraction setup, two case studies are discussed, one involved in the identification of the crystal phases in which heavy metals such as chromium, iron, barium and lead are present in polluted soils of an industrial site (Val Basento, Italy) and another involved in the speciation of uranium in depleted uranium particles (Ceja Mountains, Kosovo). In the former case, the angular resolution is sufficient to allow identification of most crystalline phases present while in the latter case, it is necessary to dispose of an angular resolution of ca. 0.2° to distinguish between different forms of oxidized uranium. |
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Wos |
000269995300010 |
Publication Date |
2009-06-12 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0584-8547; 0038-6987 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
3.241 |
Times cited |
7 |
Open Access |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.241; 2009 IF: 2.719 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:79739 |
Serial |
5778 |
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| Author |
Odin, G.P.; Vanmeert, F.; Janssens, K.; Lelièvre, H.; Mertz, J.-D.; Rouchon, V. |
| Title |
Accelerated ageing of shales of palaeontological interest : impact of temperature conditions |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Annales de paléontologie |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann Paleontol |
| Volume |
100 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
137-149 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The palaeontological collections of the Muséum national dHistoire naturelle (MNHN, Paris, France) and the Muséum dHistoire naturelle dAutun (MHNA, Autun, France) include many fossil specimens originating from the argillaceous shales of the Autun basin (Saône-et-Loire, France). These fossils are preserved within sedimentary rocks containing unstable sulphide compounds, such as pyrite, which may deteriorate in contact with water and oxygen. This alteration provokes crystalline efflorescence and cracks, thus compromising the preservations of the fossils. This work constitutes the first step of a project that aims to understand the mechanisms of alteration of these materials in order to define conservation guidelines for palaeontological collections. For this purpose, eight damaged specimens originating from the Permian Autun basin (Saône-et-Loire, France) were selected and analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM/EDS) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the threshold of the sulphur Kα-edge (XANES). This methodology enabled the characterization of the matrices composition and the chemical nature of the alterations. Subsequently, we have sought to reproduce by artificial ageing the alteration phenomena encountered in the collections. New shale samples were collected on seven outcrops of the same Autun basin. They were analyzed and subjected to artificial ageing at 50% relative humidity (RH) and at temperatures ranging between 40 °C and 90 °C. Our work shows that damaged specimens and newly collected shale have a similar mineralogical composition. Yet the crystalline efflorescence material formed on the surface of damaged specimens belongs to the iron sulphate group whereas gypsum predominates on artificially aged shale samples. Reproducing the alterations observed on specimens by artificial ageing remains therefore problematic. Additionally, it appears that the temperature of ageing controls the nature of the damage: at 40 °C, many samples are mechanically damaged whereas no or minor crystalline efflorescence occurs. At 90 °C, it is the opposite tendency that is observed. Finally, mechanical damages do not seem to be correlated with the development of the efflorescence: samples with efflorescent crystals generally do not show clearly visible cracks; those that seem most fragmented do not show any visible efflorescence. |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Wos |
000338607500006 |
Publication Date |
2014-01-24 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0753-3969 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
1.113 |
Times cited |
5 |
Open Access |
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| Notes |
; This work is part of a PhD that is funded by the Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France and was additionally supported via the S2-ART project (SDD programme of BELSPO, Brussels). The research was realized in partnership with the Palaeontological Collection Management Unit, Collection Department and with the Centre de Recherche sur la Paleodiversite et les Paleoenvironnements (CR2P, CNRS, UMR7207) of the Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France. We are grateful to our colleagues MM. Jean Dejax and Dominique Chabard who provided palaeontological specimens and gave us access to shale deposits and Mrs Marie-Madeleine Blanc-Valleron who was of great help for the interpretation of the XRD data. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.113; 2014 IF: 0.970 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116594 |
Serial |
5456 |
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| Author |
Amato, S.R.; Burnstock, A.; Cross, M.; Janssens, K.; Rosi, F.; Cartechini, L.; Fontana, R.; Dal Fovo, A.; Paolantoni, M.; Grazia, C.; Romani, A.; Michelin, A.; Andraud, C.; Tournie, A.; Dik, J. |
| Title |
Interpreting technical evidence from spectral imaging of paintings by Edouard Manet in the Courtauld Gallery |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
X-ray spectrometry
T2 – MA-XRF Workshop on Developments and Applications of Macro-XRF in, Conservation, Art, and Archeology, SEP 24-25, 2017, Trieste, ITALY |
Abbreviated Journal |
X-Ray Spectrom |
| Volume |
48 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
282-292 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The paintings by edouard Manet in The Courtauld Gallery Dejeuner sur l'herbe (1863-68), Marguerite de Conflans en Toilette de Bal (1870-1880), Banks of the Seine at Argenteuil (1874), and A Bar at the Folies-Bergere (1882) were investigated for the first time using a range of non-invasive in situ analyses. The aims of the study were to investigate the painting techniques and materials used for this group of works and to critically evaluate the technical evidence derived from the integrated use of imaging techniques and portable spectroscopic methods in this context. The paintings were investigated by means of macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF), reflection spectral imaging, portable UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy, portable Raman spectroscopy, and reflection FTIR. MA-XRF and reflection spectral imaging allowed visualising elements in the compositions that were not visible using traditional methods of technical study. For example, MA-XRF analysis of Dejeuner sur l'herbe revealed elements of the development of the composition that provided new evidence to consider its relationship to other versions of the composition. The study also highlighted questions about the interpretation of elemental distribution maps and spectral images that did not correspond to the reworking visible in X-radiographs. For example, in A Bar at the Folies-Bergere Manet made numerous changes during painting, which were not clearly visualised with any of the techniques used. The research has wider implications for the study of Impressionist paintings, as the results will support technical studies of works by other artists of the period who used similar materials and painting methods. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000472210700005 |
Publication Date |
2018-01-23 |
| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0049-8246 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
1.298 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
; Financial support by the Access to Research Infrastructures activity in the Horizon 2020 Programme of the EU (IPERION CH Grant agreement 654028) is gratefully acknowledged. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.298 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:161296 |
Serial |
5670 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Janssens, K.; van der Snickt, G.; Alfeld, M.; Noble, P.; van Loon, A.; Delaney, J.; Conover, D.; Zeibel, J.; Dik, J. |
| Title |
Rembrandt's 'Saul and David' (c. 1652) : use of multiple types of smalt evidenced by means of non-destructive imaging |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Microchemical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Microchem J |
| Volume |
126 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
515-523 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The painting Saul and David, considered to date from c. 1652 and previously attributed to Rembrandt van Rijn and/or his studio, is a complex work of art that has been recently subjected to intensive investigation and conservation treatment. The goal of the research was to give insight into the painting's physical construction and condition in preparation for conservation treatment. It was also anticipated that analysis would shed light on authenticity questions and Rembrandt's role in the creation of the painting. The painting depicts the Old Testament figures of King Saul and David. At left is Saul, seated, holding a spear and wiping a tear from his eye with a curtain. David kneels before him at the right playing his harp. In the past, the large sections with the life-size figures were cut apart and later reassembled. A third piece of canvas was added to replace a missing piece of canvas above the head of David. As part of the investigation into the authenticity of the curtain area, a number of paint micro samples were examined with LM and SEM-EDX. Given that the earth, smalt and lake pigments used in the painting could not be imaged with traditional imaging techniques, the entire painting was also examined with state of the art non-destructive imaging techniques. Special attention was devoted to the presence of cobalt-containing materials, specifically the blue glass pigment smalt considered characteristic for the late Rembrandt. A combination of quantitative electron microprobe analysis and macroscopic X-ray fluorescence scanning revealed that three types of cobalt-containing materials are present in the painting. The first type is a cobalt drier that was found in the overpaint used to cover up the canvas inset and the joins that were added in the 19th century. The other two Co-containing materials are part of the original paint used by Rembrandt and comprise two varieties of smalt, a K-rich glass pigment that derives its gray-blue color by doping with Co-ions. Smalt paint with a higher Ni content (NiO:CoO ratio of around 1:4) was used to depict the blue stripes in Saul's colorful turban, while smalt with a lower Ni content was employed (NiO:CoO ratio of around 1:5) for the broad expanses of Saul's garments. The presence of two types of smalt not only supports the recent re-attribution of the painting to Rembrandt, but also that the picture was painted in two phases. Saul's dark red garment is painted in a rough, “loose” manner and the now discolored smalt-rich layer was found to have been partially removed during a past restoration treatment/s. In contrast, the blue-green smalt in the turban is much better preserved and provides a colorful accent. While the use of different types of smalt in a Rembrandt painting has been previously identified using quantitative EDX analysis of paint cross-sections, to the best of our knowledge this is the first time such a distinction has been observed in a 17th-century painting using non-destructive imaging techniques. In addition to the XRF-based non-invasive elemental mapping, hyperspectral imaging in the visual to near-infrared (VNIR) region was also carried out. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
| Address |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000373647500063 |
Publication Date |
2016-01-29 |
| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0026-265x; 0026-265x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
3.034 |
Times cited |
18 |
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
; This research is part of the ReVisualising late Rembrandt: Developing and Applying New Imaging Techniques research project, supported by the Science4Arts research program of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO, The Hague, NL, ReVisRembrandt project) and the National Science Foundation (NSF, Washington DC, USA, award 1041827). We would like to thank colleagues of the Mauritshuis (The Hague, NL) and the Dutch Cultural Heritage Agency (RCE) in Rijswijk, NL for their support and assistance during the scanning of the Saul and David painting. The GOA project “SOLARPAINT” (University of Antwerp) and the Fund Baillet Latour (Brussels, B) are acknowledged for financial support to GvdS and KJ. We also like to acknowledge the help of Eliza Longhini and Stijn Legrand during some of the XRF scanning stages. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.034 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:133258 |
Serial |
5813 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Harth, A.; van der Snickt, G.; Schalm, O.; Janssens, K.; Blanckaert, G. |
| Title |
The young Van Dyck's fingerprint : a technical approach to assess the authenticity of a disputed painting |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Heritage science |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
5 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
22-13 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES) |
| Abstract |
The painting Saint Jerome, part of the collection of the Maagdenhuis Museum (Antwerp, Belgium), is attributed to the young Anthony van Dyck (1613-1621) with reservations. The painting displays remarkable compositional and iconographic similarities with two early Van Dyck works (1618-1620) now in Museum Boijmans van Beuningen (Rotterdam) and Nationalmuseum (Stockholm). Despite these similarities, previous art historical research did not result in a clear attribution to this master. In this study, the works authenticity as a young Van Dyck painting was assessed from a technical perspective by employing a twofold approach. First, technical information on Van Dycks materials and techniques, here identified as his fingerprint, were defined based on a literature review. Second, the materials and techniques of the questioned Saint Jerome painting were characterized by using complementary imaging techniques: infrared reflectography, X-ray radiography and macro X-ray fluorescence scanning. The insights from this non-invasive research were supplemented with analysis of a limited number of cross-sections by means of field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that the questioned paintings materials and techniques deviate from Van Dycks fingerprint, thus making the authorship of this master very unlikely. |
| Address |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000403971300001 |
Publication Date |
2017-05-12 |
| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2050-7445 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
1 |
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
; The authors are grateful to the staff of the Maagdenhuis Museum Antwerp, especially to Daniel Christiaens and Rudi van Velthoven, for their cooperation and enthusiastic support. Prof. Em. Claudine A. Chavannes-Mazel and Ph. D. student Alice Taatgen (University of Amsterdam) are acknowledged for the IRR recordings. We also would like to acknowledge Dr. Christina Currie (KIK/IRPA) and Catherine Fondaire (KIK/IRPA) for the XRR, and Eva Grieten (EMAT, University of Antwerp) for the FE-SEM-EDX. Finally, the authors wish to thank Prof. Dr. Katlijne van der Stighelen (University of Leuven) and Prof. Dr. Maximilaan Martens (Ghent University) for their art historical insights and additional comments. This research was supported by the Baillet Latour fund and Research Foundation Flanders (FWO). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:143633 |
Serial |
5923 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Trentelman, K.; Janssens, K.; van der Snickt, G.; Szafran, Y.; Woollett, A.T.; Dik, J. |
| Title |
Rembrandt's An Old Man in Military Costume: the underlying image re-examined |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Applied physics A : materials science & processing |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl Phys A-Mater |
| Volume |
121 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
801-811 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The painting An Old Man in Military Costume in the J. Paul Getty Museum, by Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn, was studied using two complementary, element-specific imaging techniques-neutron activation autoradiography (NAAR) and macro-X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) mapping-to reveal the second, hidden painting. NAAR provided a strong image of the face and cloak of the underlying figure, along with an indication of the chemical composition. The single-element distribution maps produced by MA-XRF mapping provided additional details into the shape of the underlying image and the composition of the pigments used. The underlying figure's face is richer in mercury, indicative of the pigment vermilion, than the face of the figure on the surface. Likewise, the cloak of the underlying figure is richer in copper than the surface figure though the identity of the copper-containing pigment cannot be determined from these data. The use of iron earth pigments, specifically Si-rich umbers, is indicated through the complementary information provided by the NAAR and MA-XRF maps. These data are used to create a false color digital reconstruction, yielding the most detailed representation of the underlying painting to date. |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000364914100003 |
Publication Date |
2015-08-31 |
| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0947-8396 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
1.455 |
Times cited |
22 |
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
; The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of all those who aided in the examination of this painting over the decades, that has culminated in the work presented here. Particular thanks go to Mark Leonard (former head of Paintings Conservation at the J. Paul Getty Museum) and Henry Prask (NIST) for carrying out the NAAR analysis; John Twilley (former GCI Scientist) for early investigations; Andrea Sartorius (former JPGM Paintings intern) for creating a mock-up painting used in earlier phases of this work; Peter Reishig (former GCI intern) for compiling the NAAR data; Catherine Patterson, Lynn Lee, and David Carson (GCI Science) and Gene Karraker (JPGM Paintings Conservation) for helping with the setup and operation of the M6 Jetstream; and Giacomo Chiari (former head of GCI Science) for performing the XRD analysis. Koen Janssens and Geert van der Snickt acknowledge the Fund Inbev-Baillet Latour for financial support. Joris Dik acknowledges the help of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) in the form of a VIDI grant in the Innovational Research Incentive Scheme. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.455; 2015 IF: 1.704 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:130289 |
Serial |
5812 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Monico, L.; Janssens, K.; Miliani, C.; Brunetti, B.G.; Vagnini, M.; Vanmeert, F.; Falkenberg, G.; Abakumov, A.; Lu, Y.; Tian, H.; Verbeeck, J.; Radepont, M.; Cotte, M.; Hendriks, E.; Geldof, M.; van der Loeff, L.; Salvant, J.; Menu, M.; |
| Title |
Degradation process of lead chromate in paintings by Vincent van Gogh studied by means of spectromicroscopic methods : 3 : synthesis, characterization, and detection of different crystal forms of the chrome yellow pigment |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
| Volume |
85 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
860-867 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The painter, Vincent van Gogh, and some of his contemporaries frequently made use of the pigment chrome yellow that is known to show a tendency toward darkening. This pigment may correspond to various chemical compounds such as PbCrO4 and PbCr1-xSxO4, that may each be present in various crystallographic forms with different tendencies toward degradation. Investigations by X-ray diffraction (XRD), mid-Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR), and Raman instruments (benchtop and portable) and synchrotron radiation-based micro-XRD and X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy performed on oil-paint models, prepared with in-house synthesized PbCrO4 and PbCr1-xSxO4, permitted us to characterize the spectroscopic features of the various forms. On the basis of these results, an extended study has been carried out on historic paint tubes and on embedded paint microsamples taken from yellow-orange/pale yellow areas of 12 Van Gogh paintings, demonstrating that Van Gogh effectively made use of different chrome yellow types. This conclusion was also confirmed by in situ mid-FTIR investigations on Van Goghs Portrait of Gauguin (Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam). |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
Washington, D.C. |
Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000313668400031 |
Publication Date |
2012-10-10 |
| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0003-2700;1520-6882; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
6.32 |
Times cited |
79 |
Open Access |
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| Notes |
Goa; Fwo |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.32; 2013 IF: 5.825 |
| Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:108707UA @ admin @ c:irua:108707 |
Serial |
631 |
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| Author |
Salbu, B.; Janssens, K.; Lind, O.C.; Proost, K.; Gijsels, L.; Danesi, P.R. |
| Title |
Oxidation states of uranium in depleted uranium particles from Kuwait |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Journal of environmental radioactivity |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Environ Radioactiv |
| Volume |
78 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
125-135 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The oxidation states of uranium in depleted uranium (DU) particles were determined by synchrotron radiation based mu-XANES, applied to individual particles isolated from selected samples collected at different sites in Kuwait. Based on scanning electron microscopy with X-ray microanalysis prior to mu-XANES, DU particles ranging from sub-microns to several hundred micrometers were observed. The.median particle size depended on sources and sampling sites; small-sized particles (median 13 mum) were identified in swipes taken from the inside of DU penetrators holes in tanks and in sandy soil collected below DU penetrators, while larger particles (median 44 mum) were associated with fire in a DU ammunition storage facility. Furthermore, the U-236/U-235 ratios obtained from accelerator mass spectrometry demonstrated that uranium in the DU particles originated from reprocessed fuel (about 10(-2) in DU from the ammunition facility, about 10(-3) for DU in swipes). Compared to well-defined standards, all investigated DU particles were oxidized. Uranium particles collected from swipes were characterized as UO2, U3O8 or a mixture of these oxidized forms, similar to that observed in DU affected areas in Kosovo. Uranium particles formed during fire in the DU ammunition facility were, however, present as oxidation state +5 and +6, with XANES spectra similar to solid uranyl standards. Environmental or health impact assessments for areas affected by DU munitions should therefore take into account the presence of respiratory UO2, U3O8 and even UO3 particles, their corresponding weathering rates and the subsequent mobilisation of U from oxidized DU particles. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| Address |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0265-931x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
2.31 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.31; 2004 IF: 1.188 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:49012 |
Serial |
5765 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Cotte, M.; Checroun, E.; De Nolf, W.; Taniguchi, Y.; De Viguerie, L.; Burghammer, M.; Walter, P.; Rivard, C.; Salome, M.; Janssens, K.; Susini, J. |
| Title |
Lead soaps in paintings : friends or foes? |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Studies in conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
Stud Conserv |
| Volume |
62 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
2-23 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Art; History; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The origin(s) and role(s) of metal soaps in paints are a worldwide concern today. These hybrid compounds, containing both fatty acid chains and metals associated with a carboxylate function, are increasingly identified in paints. As reviewed in the first part of this work, the presence of metal soaps in paints is differently interpreted in scientific publications: metal soaps are sometimes considered to play a positive role as anchor points, during paint drying processes; they can also be considered as responsible for many degradation processes (protrusions, efflorescences, darkening, etc.). Their origins are also interpreted in various ways. In some paintings (in particular from the twentieth century), they have sometimes introduced on purpose, as additives, to modify the physical properties of the painting materials. In older paintings, metal soaps are usually thought to result from an uncontrolled reaction of oil with lead-based pigments, in particular lead white, red lead, and lead tin yellow. In the second part of this work, the review of historical recipes of lead-based paint shows an important number of recipes based on controlled mixing of oil with lead driers. In the third part, the experimental reproduction of such traditional recipes using walnut oil and litharge (PbO) shows that lead soaps can be formed, both in about one hour at approximate to 100 degrees C, or in about one month at room temperature. It shows as well that after a few years, litharge is no longer detected in the paint medium, while different lead carbonates are. Finally, the micro-infrared spectroscopy and micro-X-ray diffraction re-analysis of protrusions from a nine-year model painting shows together with lead soaps, the presence of Pb-5(CO3)(3)(OH)(2)O ('synthetic plumbonacrite'), an unusual phase recently observed in a protrusion from a painting by Vincent Van Gogh. This work highlights (i) the multiple origins and roles of metal soaps in paints and (ii) the importance of combining the analysis of fragments from historical paintings with the analysis and reproduction of historical recipes. In particular, we show that the components detected today in historical paintings may severely differ from those originally used or prepared by the painter, complicating the assessment of the painter's intentions. More than the presence of metal soaps, the key questions to be tackled should be about their origins and (re)mobilization. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000393691200002 |
Publication Date |
2016-10-03 |
| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0039-3630; 2047-0584 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
0.578 |
Times cited |
26 |
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
; This work was supported by the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 0.578 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:141976 |
Serial |
5690 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
van der Snickt, G.; Dooley, K.A.; Sanyova, J.; Dubois, H.; Delaney, J.K.; Gifford, E.M.; Legrand, S.; Laquiere, N.; Janssens, K. |
| Title |
Dual mode standoff imaging spectroscopy documents the painting process of the Lamb of God in the Ghent Altarpiece by J. and H. Van Eyck |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Science Advances |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
6 |
Issue |
31 |
Pages |
eabb3379 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES) |
| Abstract |
The ongoing conservation treatment program of the Ghent Altarpiece by Hubert and Jan Van Eyck, one of the iconic paintings of the west, has revealed that the designs of the paintings were changed several times, first by the original artists, and then during later restorations. The central motif, The Lamb of God, representing Christ, plays an essential iconographic role, and its depiction is important. Because of the prevalence of lead white, it was not possible to visualize the Van Eycks' original underdrawing of the Lamb, their design changes, and the overpaint by later restorers with a single spectral imaging modality. However, by using elemental (x-ray fluorescence) and molecular (infrared reflectance) imaging spectroscopies, followed by analysis of the resulting data cubes, the necessary chemical contrast could be achieved. In this way, the two complementary modalities provided a more complete picture of the development and changes made to the Lamb. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000556543100033 |
Publication Date |
2020-07-29 |
| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2375-2548 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
13.6 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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| Notes |
; This research was part of the activities of the Chair on Advanced Imaging Techniques for the Arts, established by the Baillet Latour fund. In addition, it was supported by the Belgian Science Policy Office (Project MO/39/011) and the Gieskes-Strijbis fund. We are also indebted to the BOF-GOA SOLARPaint project of the University of Antwerp Research Council and to FWO (Brussels) projects G056619N and G054719N. J.K.D. and K.A.D. acknowledge support from the National Gallery of Art. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 13.6; 2020 IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:171270 |
Serial |
6494 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Gonzalez, V.; Fazlic, I.; Cotte, M.; Vanmeert, F.; Gestels, A.; De Meyer, S.; Broers, F.; Hermans, J.; van Loon, A.; Janssens, K.; Noble, P.; Keune, K. |
| Title |
Lead(II) formate in Rembrandt's Night Watch : detection and distribution from the macro- to the micro-scale |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
1-9 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Art; Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS) |
| Abstract |
The Night Watch, painted in 1642 and on view in the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, is considered Rembrandt's most famous work. X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) mapping at multiple length scales revealed the unusual presence of lead(II) formate, Pb(HCOO)(2), in several areas of the painting. Until now, this compound was never reported in historical oil paints. In order to get insights into this phenomenon, one possible chemical pathway was explored thanks to the preparation and micro-analysis of model oil paint media prepared by heating linseed oil and lead(II) oxide (PbO) drier as described in 17(th) century recipes. Synchrotron radiation based micro-XRPD (SR-mu-XRPD) and infrared microscopy were combined to identify and map at the micro-scale various neo-formed lead-based compounds in these model samples. Both lead(II) formate and lead(II) formate hydroxide Pb(HCOO)(OH) were detected and mapped, providing new clues regarding the reactivity of lead driers in oil matrices in historical paintings. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000920584500001 |
Publication Date |
2023-01-02 |
| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1433-7851; 0570-0833 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
16.6 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
| Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 16.6; 2023 IF: 11.994 |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:194279 |
Serial |
7318 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
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| |
| Author |
Broers, F.T.H.; Verslype, I.; Bossers, K.W.; Vanmeert, F.; Gonzalez, V.; Garrevoet, J.; van Loon, A.; va Duijn, E.; Krekeler, A.; De Keyser, N.; Steeman, I.; Noble, P.; Janssens, K.; Meirer, F.; Keune, K. |
| Title |
Correlated x-ray fluorescence and ptychographic nano-tomography on Rembrandt's The Night Watch reveals unknown lead “layer” |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Science Advances |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
50 |
Pages |
eadj9394-13 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Art; Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS) |
| Abstract |
The Night Watch, one of the most famous masterpieces by Rembrandt, is the subject of a large research and conservation project. For the conservation treatment, it is of great importance to understand its current condition. Correlated nano-tomography using x-ray fluorescence and ptychography revealed a-so far unknown-lead-containing “layer”, which likely acts as a protective impregnation layer applied on the canvas before the quartz-clay ground was applied. This layer might explain the presence of lead soap protrusions in areas where no other lead components are present. In addition to the three-dimensional elemental mapping, ptychography visualizes and quantifies components not detectable by hard x-ray fluorescence such as the organic fraction and quartz. The first-time use of this combination of synchrotron-based techniques on a historic paint micro-sample shows it to be an important tool to better interpret the results of noninvasive imaging techniques operating on the macroscale. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
001142514700010 |
Publication Date |
2023-12-15 |
| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2375-2548 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record |
| Impact Factor |
13.6 |
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: 13.6; 2023 IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:203849 |
Serial |
9016 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Hellemans, K.; Cagno, S.; Bogana, L.; Janssens, K.; Mendera, M. |
| Title |
LA-ICP-MS labels early medieval Tuscan finds from Siena and Donoratico as late natron glass |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
23 |
Issue |
23 |
Pages |
844-853 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; History; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The late antique/early medieval age in Central Italy is a well-suited context to verify the implications of the end of the natron glass supplies, and to explore the beginnings of the new plant-ash glass technology. We present the results of a LA-ICP-MS analysis campaign conducted on archaeological glass finds excavated at the Santa Maria della Scala hospital site in Siena and in Donoratico. This provided us with major, minor and trace element quantitative data for 49 glass samples belonging to drinking vessels and lamps, dated mainly between the 5th and the 8th century. On the basis of these data, we have sought to identify the working processes and possible glassware trade that are reflected in the glass composition. Major and minor element contents revealed that most samples, also at the later boundary of the explored timeframe, fit well within known late Roman glass classifications (e.g. HIMT, Levantine). Trace element analysis provided further information on the raw materials that were used in the glassmaking process, indicating the use of coastal sands as a silica source and allowing us to formulate different hypotheses on the materials used for the colouring process. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000462119900071 |
Publication Date |
2018-12-13 |
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2352-409x |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
3 |
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
; This research was supported by the Hercules Foundation (Brussels, Belgium) under grant AUHA09004, FWO (Brussels, Belgium) project nos. G.0C12.13 and G.01769.09. We would also like to thank our referees for their valuable input during the review process. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:159450 |
Serial |
5685 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Vincze, L.; Kukhlevsky, S.V.; Janssens, K. |
| Title |
Simulation of poly-capillary lenses for coherent and partially coherent x-rays |
Type |
P1 Proceeding |
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers
T2 – Conference on Advances in Computational Methods for X-Ray and Neutron, Optics, AUG 03-05, 2004, Denver, CO |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
81-85 |
| Keywords |
P1 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The intensity distributions of the coherent and partially coherent x-rays passed through a poly-capillary lens have been computed at the focal plane. The computations showed that at the appropriate experimental conditions the interference phenomenon does affect the intensity distribution. In the case of the coherent input radiation with the photon energy of 0.1 keV, the interference fringes were observed, while the non-coherent x-ray radiation produced no interference-like intensity distributions. |
| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Wos |
000225564800008 |
Publication Date |
2004-11-05 |
| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
5536 |
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
0-8194-5474-5 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
6 |
Open Access |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:103753 |
Serial |
5832 |
| Permanent link to this record |
