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Author |
Schoelz, J.K.; Xu, P.; Meunier, V.; Kumar, P.; Neek-Amal, M.; Thibado, P.M.; Peeters, F.M. |
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Title |
Graphene ripples as a realization of a two-dimensional Ising model : a scanning tunneling microscope study |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year  |
2015 |
Publication |
Physical review: B: condensed matter and materials physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys Rev B |
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Volume |
91 |
Issue |
91 |
Pages |
045413 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT) |
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Abstract |
Ripples in pristine freestanding graphene naturally orient themselves in an array that is alternately curved-up and curved-down; maintaining an average height of zero. Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to apply a local force, the graphene sheet will reversibly rise and fall in height until the height reaches 60%-70% of its maximum at which point a sudden, permanent jump occurs. We successfully model the ripples as a spin-half Ising magnetic system, where the height of the graphene plays the role of the spin. The permanent jump in height, controlled by the tunneling current, is found to be equivalent to an antiferromagnetic-to-ferromagnetic phase transition. The thermal load underneath the STM tip alters the local tension and is identified as the responsible mechanism for the phase transition. Four universal critical exponents are measured from our STM data, and the model provides insight into the statistical role of graphene's unusual negative thermal expansion coefficient. |
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Place of Publication |
Lancaster, Pa |
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Wos |
000348762200011 |
Publication Date |
2015-01-12 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1098-0121;1550-235X; |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.836 |
Times cited |
21 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; This work was supported in part by Office of Naval Research (USA) under Grant No. N00014-10-1-0181 and National Science Foundation (USA) under Grant No. DMR-0855358. F. M. Peeters and M. Neek-Amal were supported by the Flemish Science Foundation (FWO-Vl) and the Methusalem Foundation of the Flemish Government. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.836; 2015 IF: 3.736 |
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Call Number |
c:irua:123866 |
Serial |
1377 |
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