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Author van Malderen, H.; de Bock, L.; Hoornaert, S.; Injuk, J.; Van Grieken, R. openurl 
  Title Chemical characterisation, source identification and quantification of the input of atmospheric particulate matter into the North Sea Type H3 Book chapter
  Year 1996 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 103-112 T2 - Dialogue between scientists and users  
  Keywords H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:14671 Serial 7642  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Ravindra, K.; Stranger, M.; Van Grieken, R. doi  openurl
  Title Chemical characterization and multivariate analysis of atmospheric PM2.5 particles Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2008 Publication Journal of atmospheric chemistry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 59 Issue 3 Pages 199-218  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract The new European Council Directive (PE-CONS 3696/07) frames the inhalable (PM10) and fine particles (PM2.5) on priority to chemically characterize these fractions in order to understand their possible relation with health effects. Considering this, PM2.5 was collected during four different seasons to evaluate the relative abundance of bulk elements (Cl, S, Si, Al, Br, Cu, Fe, Ti, Ca, K, Pb, Zn, Ni, Mn, Cr and V) and water soluble ions (F−, Cl−, NO2 −, NO3 −, SO4 2−, Na+, NH4 +, Ca2+ and Mg2+) over Menen, a Belgian city near the French border. The air quality over Menen is influenced by industrialized regions on both sides of the border. The most abundant ionic species were NO3 −, SO4 2− and NH4 +, and they showed distinct seasonal variation. The elevated levels of NO3 − during spring and summer were found to be related to the larger availability of the NOx precursor. The various elemental species analyzed were distinguished into crustal and anthropogenic source categories. The dominating elements were S and Cl in the PM2.5 particles. The anthropogenic fraction (e.g. Zn, Pb, and Cu) shows a more scattered abundance. Furthermore, the ions and elemental data were also processed using principal component analysis and cluster analysis to identify their sources and chemistry. These approach identifies anthropogenic (traffic and industrial) emissions as a major source for fine particles. The variations in the natural/anthropogenic fractions of PM2.5 were also found to be a function of meteorological conditions as well as of long-range transport of air masses from the industrialized regions of the continent.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000258087700004 Publication Date 2008-07-08  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0167-7764 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:70640 Serial 7643  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Ravindra, K.; Stranger, M.; Van Grieken, R.; Sokhi, R.S. isbn  openurl
  Title Chemical characterization and source apportionment of fine aerosols Type H3 Book chapter
  Year 2009 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-1-905313-64-8 Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:97558 Serial 7644  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Spolnik, Z.; Worobiec, A.; Injuk, J.; Neilen, D.; Schellen, H.; Van Grieken, R. doi  openurl
  Title Chemical characterization of airborne particles in St. Martinus Cathedral in Weert, The Netherlands Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2004 Publication Microchimica acta Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 145 Issue Pages 223-227  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000221453500037 Publication Date 2004-04-21  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:44334 Serial 7645  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Bruynseels, F.; Storms, H.; Van Grieken, R. openurl 
  Title Chemical characterization of airborne particulate matter above the North Sea Type P3 Proceeding
  Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:117500 Serial 7646  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Bruynseels, F.; Storms, H.; Van Grieken, R. openurl 
  Title Chemical characterization of individual aerosol particles from remote and polluted marine air Type P3 Proceeding
  Year 1985 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:117497 Serial 7647  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author van Malderen, H.; Van Grieken, R.; Bufetov, N.V.; Koutzenogii, K.P. doi  openurl
  Title Chemical characterization of individual aerosol particles in Central Siberia Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1996 Publication Environmental science and technology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 30 Issue Pages 312-321  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos A1996TN49700065 Publication Date 2002-07-26  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0013-936x; 1520-5851 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:14636 Serial 7648  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Horemans, B. openurl 
  Title Chemical characterization of particulate air pollutants : case studies on indoor air quality, cultural heritage and the marine environment Type Doctoral thesis
  Year 2012 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 229 p.  
  Keywords Doctoral thesis; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:94360 Serial 7649  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Sillanpää, M.; Hillamo, R.; Saarikoski, S.; Frey, A.; Pennanen, A.; Makkonen, U.; Spolnik, Z.; Van Grieken, R.; Braniš, M.; Brunekreef, B.; Chalbot, M.-C.; Kuhlbusch, T.; Sunyer, J.; Kerminen, V.-M.; Kulmala, M.; Salonen, R.O. doi  openurl
  Title Chemical composition and mass closure of particulate matter at six urban sites in Europe Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2006 Publication Atmospheric environment : an international journal Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 40 Issue suppl.2 Pages S212-S223  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000242023200005 Publication Date 2006-08-29  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1352-2310 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:61917 Serial 7650  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Sillanpää, M.; Saarikoski, S.; Hillamo, R.; Pennanen, A.; Makkonen, U.; Spolnik, Z.; Van Grieken, R.; Koskentalo, T.; Salonen, R.O. doi  openurl
  Title Chemical composition, mass size distribution and source analysis of long-range transported wildfire smokes in Helsinki Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2005 Publication The science of the total environment Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 350 Issue Pages 119-135  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000233225300011 Publication Date 2005-04-08  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0048-9697; 1879-1026 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:54253 Serial 7651  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Van Grieken, R.; Maenhaut, W.; Winchester, J.W. openurl 
  Title Chemical composition of atmospheric aerosols sampled worldwide Type A3 Journal article
  Year 1985 Publication National Geographic Society research reports Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 20 Issue Pages 791-798  
  Keywords A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0077-4626 ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:116750 Serial 7652  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Čevik, U.; Damla, N.; Van Grieken, R.; Vefa Akpinar, M. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Chemical composition of building materials used in Turkey Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2011 Publication Construction and building materials Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 1546-1552  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract The main goal of this work was to determine the chemical composition of building materials used in Turkey by utilizing energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry. Gas concrete, cement, sand, bricks, roofing tiles, marble, lime and gypsum materials were selected as building materials for this research. The chemical contents and their trace concentrations of the selected samples were determined. The most abundant oxides measured were generally SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, MgO, Fe2O3, K2O and SO3 for all samples. While the main chemical component of gas concrete, cement, sand and marble samples were SiO2 and CaO, brick and roofing tile mainly consisted of SiO2 and Al2O3. CaO and SO3 were major component of lime and gypsum samples, respectively. For U and Th concentrations in the samples, activities of 226Ra and 232Th were measured by utilizing gamma spectrometry. ANOVA and Pearson correlation analyses were performed on the studied data for statistical analysis.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000287379300007 Publication Date 2010-09-22  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0950-0618 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:86448 Serial 7653  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Subramanian, V.; Van 't dack, L.; Van Grieken, R. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Chemical composition of river sediments from the Indian sub-continent Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1985 Publication Chemical geology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 48 Issue Pages 271-280  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract River sediments from all of the major drainage basins (except the Indus) in the Indian sub-continent were collected and analysed by thin-film X-ray fluorescence technique (XRF) to determine their chemical composition. On the basis of analysis of more than 120 samples, average chemical compositions of river-borne sediments from the Indian sub-continent have been calculated. Also, average concentration values for sediments from each of the river basins, and the sub-continent average and the inter-basin differences are discussed in relation to weathering processes in the drainage basins. Comparisons have been made with the chemistry of sediments from the Bay of Bengal (which receives the bulk of sediments delivered by Indian rivers). Our observations are discussed in the light of average chemical composition of world-river sediments and the world surface rock exposed for continental weathering.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos A1985AFW3500022 Publication Date 2003-08-06  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0009-2541 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:111480 Serial 7654  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Dekov, V.; Subramanian, V.; Van Grieken, R. openurl 
  Title Chemical composition of riverine suspended matter and sediments from the Indian sub-continent Type A3 Journal article
  Year 1999 Publication Mitteilungen aus dem Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institut der Universität Hamburg Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 82 Issue Pages 99-109  
  Keywords A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0072-1115 ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:24722 Serial 7655  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Dekov, V.M.; Araujo, F.; Van Grieken, R.; Subramanian, V. doi  openurl
  Title Chemical composition of sediments and suspended matter from the Cauvery and Brahmaputra rivers (India) Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1998 Publication The science of the total environment Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 212 Issue Pages 89-105  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000073203500001 Publication Date 2002-07-26  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0048-9697; 1879-1026 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:20962 Serial 7656  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Dekov, V.M.; Araujo, F.; Van Grieken, R.; Subramanian, V. openurl 
  Title Chemical composition of sediments and suspended matter from the Cauvery and Brahmaputra rivers (India) Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1997 Publication The science of the total environment Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 203 Issue Pages 51-53  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0048-9697; 1879-1026 ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:18787 Serial 7657  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Dekov, V.M.; Komy, Z.; Araujo, F.; van Put, A.; Van Grieken, R. doi  openurl
  Title Chemical composition of sediments, suspended matter, river and ground water of the Nile (Aswan-Sohag transvers) Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1997 Publication The science of the total environment Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 201 Issue Pages 195-210  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos A1997XL69100003 Publication Date 2002-07-25  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0048-9697; 1879-1026 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:18781 Serial 7658  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Dekov, V.M.; Subramanian, V.; Van Grieken, R. openurl 
  Title Chemical composition of suspended matter and sediments from the Indian sub-continent: a fifteen-year research survey Type H3 Book chapter
  Year 1998 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 81-92 T2 - Recent trends in environmental biogeoch  
  Keywords H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:22778 Serial 7659  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Torfs, K.; Van Grieken, R. openurl 
  Title Chemical relations between atmospheric aerosols, deposition and stone decay layers on historic buildings at the Mediterranean coast Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1997 Publication Atmospheric environment : an international journal Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 31 Issue Pages 2179-2192  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1352-2310 ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:18777 Serial 7660  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Ro, C.-U.; Oh, K.-Y.; Kim, H.K.; Chun, Y.; Osán, J.; de Hoog, J.; Van Grieken, R. doi  openurl
  Title Chemical speciation of individual atmospheric particles using low-Z electron probe X-ray microanalysis characterizing “Asian Dust” deposited with rainwater in Seoul, Korea Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2001 Publication Atmospheric environment : an international journal Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 35 Issue Pages 4995-5005  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000171443800009 Publication Date 2002-10-31  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1352-2310 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:36089 Serial 7661  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Roekens, E.; Komy, Z.; Leysen, L.; Veny, P.; Van Grieken, R. doi  openurl
  Title Chemistry of precipitation near a limestone building Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1988 Publication Water, air and soil pollution Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 38 Issue 3/4 Pages 273-282  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract A total of 82 samples of wet and total deposition were sampled near the limestone cathedral at Mechelen, Belgium, which is presently being affected seriously by air pollution, and at a reference site. Most of these samples were analyzed for 10 major and 7 trace ions in solution and for 15 elements in suspension. It appeared that calcite, released from the building, effectively neutralizes the rainwater in the near vicinity and produces high Ca and bicarbonate concentrations. Heavy metal concentrations are hardly affected by the building.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date 2014-08-25  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0049-6979; 1573-2932 ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:116806 Serial 7663  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Vercauteren, J.; Matheeussen, C.; Wauters, E.; Roekens, E.; Van Grieken, R.; Krata, A.; Makarovska, Y.; Maenhaut, W.; Chi, X.; Geypens, B. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Chemkar PM10 : an extensive look at the local differences in chemical composition of PM10 in Flanders, Belgium Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2011 Publication Atmospheric environment : an international journal Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 108-116  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract The results of Chemkar PM10, the first large scale chemical characterisation project of PM10 in Flanders are presented. Between September 2006 and September 2007 a total of 365 PM10 samples were collected by sampling every sixth day at six different sites in Flanders (Belgium) varying in character from urban background to rural. Samples were analysed for a series of elements, elemental and organic carbon, 13C/12C- and 15N/14N-isotopic ratios, and water-soluble ions. At three sites extra sampling was carried out to determine PAHs by means of a novel technique that uses sorption tubes consisting of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) foam, PDMS particles and a TENAX TA bed. Results showed that the most important fractions were secondary inorganic ions (nitrate, sulphate and ammonium): 41% (12.6 μg m−3), organic matter: 20% (6.1 μg m−3), crustal matter: 14% (4.3 μg m−3), sea salt: 8% (2.4 μg m−3) and elemental carbon: 4% (1.2 μg m−3). Although the general composition profile was rather similar for the six sites, substantial differences could be observed for some main components and for several trace metals such as chromium, copper, zinc, arsenic and lead. Although the average sum of the PAH 16 was quite variable between the three sites (between 132 and 248 ng m−3) the average sum of the PAH 7 was between 7 and 9 ng m−3 for the three sites. The largest relative differences between sites were found for elemental carbon and crustal matter, thereby indicating that there is some potential for local measures to reduce the concentrations of particulate matter by a few μg m−3. Both for carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios significant differences in time were observed. Isotopic differences in location could only be detected for carbon.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000285675600010 Publication Date 2010-09-30  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1352-2310 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:85917 Serial 7664  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Camuffo, D.; Pagan, E.; Schellen, H.; Van Grieken, R.; Bencs, L.; et al. isbn  openurl
  Title Church heating and cultural heritage conservation : guide to the analysis of pros and cons of various heating systems Type MA2 Book as author
  Year 2006 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 240 p.  
  Keywords MA2 Book as author; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 88-370-5034-8 Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:117468 Serial 7665  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Bondarenko, I.; van Espen, P.; Treiger, B.; Van Grieken, R.; Adams, F. openurl 
  Title Classification of coal mine dust particles through fuzzy clustering of their energy-dispersive electron microprobe X-ray spectra Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1994 Publication Microbeam analysis Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 3 Issue Pages 33-37  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1061-3420 ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:8916 Serial 7667  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Bernard, P.C.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Eisma, D. doi  openurl
  Title Classification of estuarine particles using automated electron-microprobe analysis and multivariate techniques Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1986 Publication Environmental science and technology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 20 Issue 5 Pages 467-473  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos A1986C117800013 Publication Date 2005-03-17  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0013-936x; 1520-5851 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:113614 Serial 7668  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Treiger, B.; Bondarenko, I.; van Espen, P.; Van Grieken, R.; Adams, F. doi  openurl
  Title Classification of mineral particles by nonlinear mapping of electron microprobe energy-dispersive X-ray spectra Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1994 Publication The analyst Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 119 Issue Pages 971-974  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos A1994NR76500037 Publication Date 2004-03-24  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:8918 Serial 7669  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Leysen, L.A.; Roekens, E.J.; Storms, H.; Van Grieken, R.E. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Classification of suspended particles in deposition samples and run-off water samples from a limestone cathedral Type A1 Journal article
  Year 1987 Publication Atmospheric environment Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 21 Issue 11 Pages 2425-2433  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract In a study on the mechanism of the air-pollution induced deterioration of the limestone St. Rombouts cathedral in Mechelen, Belgium, automated electron-probe X-ray micro-analysis combined with multivariate analysis was used to characterize the suspension particles in run-off water and in local wet and dry deposition samples. Altogether about 10,000 individual particles were sized, analyzed and classified, according to their chemical composition. It was found that the run-off water samples were highly enriched in CaCO3 particles, resulting from the stone-erosion by overflowing rainwater, while the Si-rich group was the most abundant one in the deposition samples. Several other particle types were found. Ion chromatography analysis of the run-off water showed 2001700mg l−1 of sulphate and 20110mg l−1 of nitrate.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date 2003-08-06  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0004-6981 ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:116454 Serial 7670  
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Author Alemam, E. url  openurl
  Title Cleaning of wall paintings by Polyvinyl alcohol–Borax/Agarose (PVA–B/AG) double network hydrogels : characterization, assessment, and applications Type Doctoral thesis
  Year 2021 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 184 p.  
  Keywords Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES); Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS)  
  Abstract Wall paintings make up an important section of cultural heritage. They resemble time portals that can be used to travel back into the past and witness the life of our ancestors. In these paintings, the ancient artists depicted the different aspects of their life, such as cooking, baking, farming, manufacturing, as well as thoughts and beliefs. Unfortunately, wall paintings are susceptible to degradation over time in the form of the accumulations of dirt and deposits on the painted surfaces and loss of adhesion of the paint layers at the surface. Therefore, the removal of these deposits is one of the primary duties of conservator-restorers. Such operations are intended to restore the painted surface to a condition close enough to its original state. Since cleaning artworks may cause undesirable physicochemical alterations and is nonreversible, the proper cleaning procedure should be adopted. In this regard, numerous gels have been developed and exploited for the cleaning of various artwork surfaces. Lately, polyvinyl alcohol-borax (PVA-B) and agarose (AG) hydrogels have been widely employed as cleaning materials by conservator-restorers. However, both hydrogels have shown limitations in specific cleaning practices. In this work, we investigated a new double network hydrogel based on blending PVA-B and agarose to avoid the limitations posed by the constituting hydrogels. For this reason, a detailed characterization of the PVA–B/AG double network hydrogel was performed, including chemical structure, liquid phase retention, mechanical strength, rheological behavior, and self-healing behavior of various PVA-B/AG hydrogels. These new hydrogels revealed better properties than PVA-B and agarose hydrogels and obviated their limitations. A laboratory experiment on the removal of deteriorated Paraloid® B72 proved that the PVA-B/AG hydrogel loaded 10%/10% MEK/1-PeOH was able to remove these layers efficiently. Therefore, the hydrogel was tested on a wall painting from the Temple of Seti I in Abydos – Egypt. It removed the glossy/darkened consolidant from the wall painting and restored the original matt appearance of the painted surface. In another application on the painted ceiling of the same temple, the hydrogel was tested for removing thick soot layers. The hydrogel formulation (loaded with 5% ammonia, 0.3% ammonium carbonate, and 0.3% EDTA) removed these layers with no noticeable damage to the paint layers. In a wide-scale application of the hydrogel (loaded with 10% propylene carbonate), it removed a highly deteriorated varnish layer from a 19-c wall painting. All the traditional cleaning methods employed caused damage to the paint layers, proving that gel cleaning can be a safer cleaning alternative in some cases.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos Publication Date  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:183381 Serial 7671  
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Author Anaf, W.; Schalm, O. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Climatic quality evaluation by peak analysis and segregation of low-, mid-, and high-frequency fluctuations, applied on a historic chapel Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2019 Publication Building and environment Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 148 Issue Pages 286-293  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)  
  Abstract Heritage-related guidelines and standards recommend stable climatic conditions, since these contribute to the extension of heritage collections life. As a result, numerous museums and other heritage institutions implement (expensive) mitigation measures to achieve stable conditions. Nevertheless, temperature and relative humidity fluctuations are often still observed. This contribution demonstrates that the analysis of temperature and humidity peaks and drops helps to identify hazards which cause fluctuations in different frequency ranges. This hazard identification provides information on the type of mitigation actions that are required in the near future and in which order they need to be implemented. The approach is illustrated with a case study. A 22 month monitoring campaign was performed in a chapel in the center of Antwerp (Belgium) where the climatic conditions are controlled with a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. Low-, mid- and high-frequency fluctuations were separated and discussed for their hazards.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000457116500024 Publication Date 2018-11-15  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0360-1323 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:157569 Serial 7672  
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Author Hillen, M.; Legrand, S.; Dirkx, Y.; Janssens, K.; van der Snickt, G.; Caen, J.; Steenackers, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Cluster analysis of IR thermography data for differentiating glass types in historical leaded-glass windows Type A1 Journal article
  Year 2020 Publication Applied Sciences-Basel Abbreviated Journal Appl Sci-Basel  
  Volume 10 Issue 12 Pages 4255-13  
  Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)  
  Abstract Infrared thermography is a fast, non-destructive and contactless testing technique which is increasingly used in heritage science. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of infrared thermography, in combination with a data clustering approach, to differentiate between the different types of historical glass that were included in a colorless leaded-glass windows during previous restoration interventions. Inspection of the thermograms and the application of two data mining techniques on the thermal data, i.e., k-means clustering and hierarchical clustering, allowed identifying different groups of window panes that show a different thermal behavior. Both clustering approaches arrive at similar groupings of the glass with a clear separation of three types. However, the lead cames that hold the glass panes appear to have a substantial impact on the thermal behavior of the surrounding glass, thus preventing classification of the smallest glass panes. For the larger panes, this was not a critical issue as the center of the glass remained unaffected. Subtle visual color differences between panes, implying a variation in coloring metal ions, was not always distinguished by IRT. Nevertheless, data clustering assisted infrared thermography shows potential as an efficient and swift method for documenting the material intervention history of leaded-glass windows during or in preparation of conservation treatments.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Wos 000549351800001 Publication Date 2020-06-22  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2076-3417 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles  
  Impact Factor 2.7 Times cited (up) Open Access  
  Notes Approved Most recent IF: 2.7; 2020 IF: 1.679  
  Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:170012 Serial 7674  
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