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	Author	Spreitzer, M.; Klement, D.; Egoavil, R.; Verbeeck, J.; Kovac, J.; Zaloznik, A.; Koster, G.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Suvorov, D.; Rijnders, G.
	Title	Growth mechanism of epitaxial SrTiO₃ on a (1 x 2) + (2 x 1) reconstructed Sr(1/2 ML)/Si(001) surface			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Journal Of Materials Chemistry C	Abbreviated Journal	J Mater Chem C
	Volume	8	Issue	2	Pages	518-527
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Sub-monolayer control over the growth at silicon-oxide interfaces is a prerequisite for epitaxial integration of complex oxides with the Si platform, enriching it with a variety of functionalities. However, the control over this integration is hindered by the intense reaction of the constituents. The most suitable buffer material for Si passivation is metallic strontium. When it is overgrown with a layer of SrTiO3 (STO) it can serve as a pseudo-substrate for the integration with functional oxides. In our study we determined a mechanism for epitaxial integration of STO with a (1 x 2) + (2 x 1) reconstructed Sr(1/2 ML)/Si(001) surface using all-pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technology. A detailed analysis of the initial deposition parameters was performed, which enabled us to develop a complete protocol for integration, taking into account the peculiarities of the PLD growth, STO critical thickness, and process thermal budget, in order to kinetically trap the reaction between STO and Si and thus to minimize the thickness of the interface layer. The as-prepared oxide layer exhibits STO(001)8Si(001) out-of-plane and STO[110]8Si[100] in-plane orientation and together with recent advances in large-scale PLD tools these results represent a new technological solution for the implementation of oxide electronics on demand.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000506852400036	Publication Date	2019-10-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2050-7526; 2050-7534	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.4	Times cited	12	Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes	; The research was financially supported by the Slovenian Research Agency (Project No. P2-0091, J2-9237) and Ministry of Education, Science and Sport of the Republic of Slovenia (SIOX projects). This work was also funded by the European Union Council under the 7th Framework Program grant no. NMP3-LA-2010-246102 IFOX. J. V. and G. V. T. acknowledge funding from the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders under project no. G.0044.13N. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.4; 2020 IF: 5.256
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:165672			Serial	6298
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	Author	Vatanparast, M.; Egoavil, R.; Reenaas, T.W.; Verbeeck, J.; Holmestad, R.; Vullum, P.E.
	Title	Bandgap measurement of high refractive index materials by off-axis EELS			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Ultramicroscopy	Abbreviated Journal	Ultramicroscopy
	Volume	182	Issue		Pages	92-98
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	In the present work Cs aberration corrected and monochromated scanning transmission electron microscopy electron energy loss spectroscopy (STEM-EELS) has been used to explore experimental setups that allow bandgaps of high refractive index materials to be determined. Semi-convergence and collection angles in the mu rad range were combined with off-axis or dark field EELS to avoid relativistic losses and guided light modes in the low loss range to contribute to the acquired EEL spectra. Off-axis EELS further supressed the zero loss peak and the tail of the zero loss peak. The bandgap of several GaAs-based materials were successfully determined by simple regression analyses of the background subtracted EEL spectra. The presented set-up does not require that the acceleration voltage is set to below the. Cerenkov limit and can be applied over the entire acceleration voltage range of modern TEMs and for a wide range of specimen thicknesses. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000413436500013	Publication Date	2017-06-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0304-3991	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.843	Times cited	3	Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes	; The authors would like to thank Professor Shu Min Wang and Mahdad Sadeghi at the Nanofabrication Laboratory at Chalmers University, Sweden for providing the samples. The Norwegian Research Council is acknowledged for funding the HighQ-IB project under contract no. 10415201. M.V. and T.W.R. acknowledge funding from the EEA Financial Mechanism 2009-2014 under the project contract no 23SEE/30.06.2014. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme under Grant Agreement 312483 – ESTEEM2(Integrated Infrastructure Initiative-I3) through the system of transnational access. R.E. and J.V. acknowledge funding from GOA project “Solarpaint” of the University of Antwerp. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.843
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:146639UA @ admin @ c:irua:146639			Serial	4778
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	Author	Heidari, H.; Rivero, G.; Idrissi, H.; Ramachandran, D.; Cakir, S.; Egoavil, R.; Kurttepeli, M.; Crabbé, A.C.; Hauffman, T.; Terryn, H.; Du Prez, F.; Schryvers, D.
	Title	Melamine–Formaldehyde Microcapsules: Micro- and Nanostructural Characterization with Electron Microscopy			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Microscopy and microanalysis	Abbreviated Journal	Microsc Microanal
	Volume	22	Issue	22	Pages	1222-1232
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	A systematic study has been carried out to compare the surface morphology, shell thickness, mechanical properties, and binding behavior of melamine–formaldehyde microcapsules of 5–30 μm diameter size with various amounts of core content by using scanning and transmission electron microscopy including electron tomography, in situ nanomechanical tensile testing, and electron energy-loss spectroscopy. It is found that porosities are present on the outside surface of the capsule shell, but not on the inner surface of the shell. Nanomechanical tensile tests on the capsule shells reveal that Young’s modulus of the shell material is higher than that of bulk melamine–formaldehyde and that the shells exhibit a larger fracture strain compared with the bulk. Core-loss elemental analysis of microcapsules embedded in epoxy indicates that during the curing process, the microcapsule-matrix interface remains uniform and the epoxy matrix penetrates into the surface micro-porosities of the capsule shells.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000393853100011	Publication Date	2016-12-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1431-9276	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.891	Times cited	2	Open Access
	Notes	This work was supported by SIM vzw, Technologiepark 935, BE-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium, within the InterPoCo project of the H-INT-S horizontal program. The authors are also thankful to Stijn Van den Broeck and Dr. Frederic Leroux for help in sample preparation and to S. Bals and J. Verbeeck for valuable discussions. H.I. acknowledges the IAP program of the Belgian State Federal Office for Scientific, Technical and Cultural Affairs, under Contract No. P7/21.			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.891
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @ c:irua:138980			Serial	4333
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	Author	Ramachandran, D.; Egoavil, R.; Crabbe, A.; Hauffman, T.; Abakumov, A.; Verbeeck, J.; Vandendael, I.; Terryn, H.; Schryvers, D.
	Title	TEM and AES investigations of the natural surface nano-oxide layer of an AISI 316L stainless steel microfibre			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Journal of microscopy	Abbreviated Journal	J Microsc-Oxford
	Volume	264	Issue	264	Pages	207-214
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The chemical composition, nanostructure and electronic structure of nanosized oxide scales naturally formed on the surface of AISI 316L stainless steel microfibres used for strengthening of composite materials have been characterised using a combination of scanning and transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray, electron energy loss and Auger spectroscopy. The analysis reveals the presence of three sublayers within the total surface oxide scale of 5.0-6.7 nm thick: an outer oxide layer rich in a mixture of FeO.Fe2 O3 , an intermediate layer rich in Cr2 O3 with a mixture of FeO.Fe2 O3 and an inner oxide layer rich in nickel.
	Address	Electron Microscopy for Materials Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Wos	000385944300009	Publication Date	2016-06-17
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-2720	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.692	Times cited	12	Open Access
	Notes	This work was supported by SIM vzw, Technologiepark 935, BE-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium, within the InterPoCo project of the H-INT-S horizontal program. The authors are also thankful to Stijn Van den Broeck for help in FIB sample preparation, to Hamed Heidari for useful comments and to the N.V. Bekaert S.A. company for providing the microfibres. RE acknowledges funding by the European Union Council under the 7th Framework Program (FP7) grant nr NMP3-LA-2010-246102 IFOX.			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.692
	Call Number	c:irua:134087			Serial	4096
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	Author	Ovsyannikov, S.V.; Bykov, M.; Bykova, E.; Kozlenko, D.P.; Tsirlin, A.A.; Karkin, A.E.; Shchennikov, V.V.; Kichanov, S.E.; Gou, H.; Abakumov, A.M.; Egoavil, R.; Verbeeck, J.; McCammon, C.; Dyadkin, V.; Chernyshov, D.; van Smaalen, S.; Dubrovinsky, L.S.
	Title	Charge-ordering transition in iron oxide Fe4O5 involving competing dimer and trimer formation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Nature chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Nat Chem
	Volume	8	Issue	8	Pages	501-508
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Phase transitions that occur in materials, driven, for instance, by changes in temperature or pressure, can dramatically change the materials' properties. Discovering new types of transitions and understanding their mechanisms is important not only from a fundamental perspective, but also for practical applications. Here we investigate a recently discovered Fe4O5 that adopts an orthorhombic CaFe3O5-type crystal structure that features linear chains of Fe ions. On cooling below approximately 150 K, Fe4O5 undergoes an unusual charge-ordering transition that involves competing dimeric and trimeric ordering within the chains of Fe ions. This transition is concurrent with a significant increase in electrical resistivity. Magnetic-susceptibility measurements and neutron diffraction establish the formation of a collinear antiferromagnetic order above room temperature and a spin canting at 85 K that gives rise to spontaneous magnetization. We discuss possible mechanisms of this transition and compare it with the trimeronic charge ordering observed in magnetite below the Verwey transition temperature.
	Address	Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universitat Bayreuth, Universitatsstrasse 30, D-95447, Bayreuth, Germany
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Wos	000374534100019	Publication Date	2016-04-04
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1755-4330	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	25.87	Times cited	51	Open Access
	Notes	S.V.O. acknowledges the financial support of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under project OV-110/1-3. A.E.K. and V.V.S. acknowledge the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project 14–02–00622a). H.G. acknowledges the support from the Alexander von Humboldt (AvH) Foundation and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51201148). A.M.A., R.E. and J.V. acknowledge financial support from the European Commission (EC) under the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) under a contract for an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative, Reference No. 312483- ESTEEM2. R.E. acknowledges support from the EC under FP7 Grant No. 246102 IFOX. A.M.A. acknowledges funding from the Russian Science Foundation (Grant No. 14-13- 00680). A.A.T. acknowledges funding and from the Federal Ministry for Education and Research through the Sofja Kovalevkaya Award of the AvH Foundation. Funding from the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders under FWO Project G.0044.13N is acknowledged. M.B. and S.v.S. acknowledge support from the DFG under Project Sm55/15-2. We acknowledge the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility for the provision of synchrotron radiation facilities.; esteem2jra2; esteem2jra3			Approved	Most recent IF: 25.87
	Call Number	c:irua:133593 c:irua:133593UA @ admin @ c:irua:133593			Serial	4068
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	Author	Solmaz, A.; Huijben, M.; Koster, G.; Egoavil, R.; Gauquelin, N.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Verbeeck, J.; Noheda, B.; Rijnders, G.
	Title	Domain Selectivity in BiFeO₃Thin Films by Modified Substrate Termination			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Advanced functional materials	Abbreviated Journal	Adv Funct Mater
	Volume	26	Issue	26	Pages	2882-2889
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Ferroelectric domain formation is an essential feature in ferroelectric thin films. These domains and domain walls can be manipulated depending on the growth conditions. In rhombohedral BiFeO3 thin films, the ordering of the domains and the presence of specific types of domain walls play a crucial role in attaining unique ferroelectric and magnetic properties. In this study, controlled ordering of domains in BiFeO3 film is presented, as well as a controlled selectivity between two types of domain walls is presented, i.e., 71° and 109°, by modifying the substrate termination. The experiments on two different substrates, namely SrTiO3 and TbScO3, strongly indicate that the domain selectivity is determined by the growth kinetics of the initial BiFeO3 layers.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000377587800011	Publication Date	2016-03-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1616-301X	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	12.124	Times cited	34	Open Access
	Notes	The authors are grateful to Saeedeh Farokhipoor and Tamalika Banerjee for very useful discussions. This work was supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research NWO-FOM (under FOM-Nano project 10UNST04–2). The Qu-Ant-EM microscope was partly funded by the Hercules fund from the Flemish Government. GOA project “Solarpaint” of the University of Antwerp. The electron microscopy part of the work was supported by funding from the European Research Council under the 7th Framework Program (FP7), ERC Grant No. 246791– COUNTATOMS. Funding from the European Union Council under the 7th Framework Program (FP7) Grant No. NMP3-LA-2010–246102 FOX is acknowledged. The Fund for Scientific Research Flanders is acknowledged for FWO Project No. G.0044.13N.			Approved	Most recent IF: 12.124
	Call Number	c:irua:132641UA @ admin @ c:irua:132641			Serial	4053
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	Author	Zeng, Y.-J.; Gauquelin, N.; Li, D.-Y.; Ruan, S.-C.; He, H.-P.; Egoavil, R.; Ye, Z.-Z.; Verbeeck, J.; Hadermann, J.; Van Bael, M.J.; Van Haesendonck, C.
	Title	Co-Rich ZnCoO Nanoparticles Embedded in Wurtzite Zn1-xCoxO Thin Films: Possible Origin of Superconductivity			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	ACS applied materials and interfaces	Abbreviated Journal	Acs Appl Mater Inter
	Volume	7	Issue	7	Pages	22166-22171
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Co-rich ZnCoO nanoparticles embedded in wurtzite Zn0.7Co0.3O thin films are grown by pulsed laser deposition on a Si substrate. Local superconductivity with an onset Tc at 5.9 K is demonstrated in the hybrid system. The unexpected superconductivity probably results from Co(3+) in the Co-rich ZnCoO nanoparticles or from the interface between the Co-rich nanoparticles and the Zn0.7Co0.3O matrix.
	Address	Solid State Physics and Magnetism Section, KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200 D, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Wos	000363001500007	Publication Date	2015-09-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1944-8244;1944-8252;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.504	Times cited	13	Open Access
	Notes	This work has been supported by the Research Foundation − Flanders (FWO, Belgium) as well as by the Flemish Concerted Research Action program (BOF KU Leuven, GOA/14/007). N. G. and J. V. acknowledge funding from the European Research Council under the 7th Framework Program (FP7), ERC Starting Grant 278510 VORTEX. The Qu-Ant-EM microscope was partly funded by the Flemish Hercules Foundation. The work at Shenzhen University was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61275144 and Natural Science Foundation of SZU. Y.-J. Z. acknowledges funding under grant No. SKL2015-12 from the State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials; ECASJO_;			Approved	Most recent IF: 7.504; 2015 IF: 6.723
	Call Number	c:irua:129195 c:irua:129195UA @ admin @ c:irua:129195			Serial	3949
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	Author	Chen, Y.Z.; Trier, F.; Wijnands, T.; Green, R.J.; Gauquelin, N.; Egoavil, R.; Christensen, D.V.; Koster, G.; Huijben, M.; Bovet, N.; Macke, S.; He, F.; Sutarto, R.; Andersen, N.H.; Sulpizio, J.A.; Honig, M.; Prawiroatmodjo, G.E.D.K.; Jespersen, T.S.; Linderoth, S.; Ilani, S.; Verbeeck, J.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Rijnders, G.; Sawatzky, G.A.; Pryds, N.
	Title	Extreme mobility enhancement of two-dimensional electron gases at oxide interfaces by charge-transfer-induced modulation doping			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Nature materials	Abbreviated Journal	Nat Mater
	Volume	14	Issue	14	Pages	801-806
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) formed at the interface of insulating complex oxides promise the development of all-oxide electronic devices. These 2DEGs involve many-body interactions that give rise to a variety of physical phenomena such as superconductivity, magnetism, tunable metalinsulator transitions and phase separation. Increasing the mobility of the 2DEG, however, remains a major challenge. Here, we show that the electron mobility is enhanced by more than two orders of magnitude by inserting a single-unit-cell insulating layer of polar La1−xSrxMnO3 (x = 0, 1/8, and 1/3) at the interface between disordered LaAlO3 and crystalline SrTiO3 produced at room temperature. Resonant X-ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy show that the manganite layer undergoes unambiguous electronic reconstruction, leading to modulation doping of such atomically engineered complex oxide heterointerfaces. At low temperatures, the modulation-doped 2DEG exhibits Shubnikovde Haas oscillations and fingerprints of the quantum Hall effect, demonstrating unprecedented high mobility and low electron density.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000358530100022	Publication Date	2015-06-01
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1476-1122;1476-4660;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	39.737	Times cited	170	Open Access
	Notes	246102 IFOX; 246791 COUNTATOMS; 278510 VORTEX; Hercules; 312483 ESTEEM2; FWO G004413N; esteem2jra3 ECASJO;			Approved	Most recent IF: 39.737; 2015 IF: 36.503
	Call Number	c:irua:127184 c:irua:127184UA @ admin @ c:irua:127184			Serial	1163
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	Author	Egoavil, R.; Huehn, S.; Jungbauer, M.; Gauquelin, N.; Béché, A.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Verbeeck; Moshnyaga, V.
	Title	Phase problem in the B-site ordering of La₂CoMnO₆ : impact on structure and magnetism			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Nanoscale	Abbreviated Journal	Nanoscale
	Volume	7	Issue	7	Pages	9835-9843
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Epitaxial double perovskite La2CoMnO6 (LCMO) films were grown by metalorganic aerosol deposition on SrTiO3(111) substrates. A high Curie temperature, T-C = 226 K, and large magnetization close to saturation, M-S(5 K) = 5.8 mu(B)/f.u., indicate a 97% degree of B-site (Co,Mn) ordering within the film. The Co/Mn ordering was directly imaged at the atomic scale by scanning transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDX). Local electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) measurements reveal that the B-sites are predominantly occupied by Co2+ and Mn4+ ions in quantitative agreement with magnetic data. Relatively small values of the (1/2 1/2 1/2) superstructure peak intensity, obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD), point out the existence of ordered domains with an arbitrary phase relationship across the domain boundary. The size of these domains is estimated to be in the range 35-170 nm according to TEM observations and modelling the magnetization data. These observations provide important information towards the complexity of the cation ordering phenomenon and its implications on magnetism in double perovskites, and similar materials.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Cambridge	Editor
	Language		Wos	000354983100060	Publication Date	2015-05-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2040-3364;2040-3372;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.367	Times cited	37	Open Access
	Notes	312483 ESTEEM2; FWO G004413N; 246102 IFOX; Hercules; esteem2_jra3			Approved	Most recent IF: 7.367; 2015 IF: 7.394
	Call Number	c:irua:126423 c:irua:126423			Serial	2586
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	Author	Krause, F.F.; Ahl, J.P.; Tytko, D.; Choi, P.P.; Egoavil, R.; Schowalter, M.; Mehrtens, T.; Müller-Caspary, K.; Verbeeck, J.; Raabe, D.; Hertkorn, J.; Engl, K.; Rosenauer, A.
	Title	Homogeneity and composition of AlInGaN : a multiprobe nanostructure study			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Ultramicroscopy	Abbreviated Journal	Ultramicroscopy
	Volume	156	Issue	156	Pages	29-36
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The electronic properties of quaternary AlInGaN devices significantly depend on the homogeneity of the alloy. The identification of compositional fluctuations or verification of random-alloy distribution is hence of grave importance. Here, a comprehensive multiprobe study of composition and compositional homogeneity is presented, investigating AlInGaN layers with indium concentrations ranging from 0 to 17 at% and aluminium concentrations between 0 and 39 at% employing high-angle annular dark field scanning electron microscopy (HAADF STEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and atom probe tomography (APT). EDX mappings reveal distributions of local concentrations which are in good agreement with random alloy atomic distributions. This was hence investigated with HAADF STEM by comparison with theoretical random alloy expectations using statistical tests. To validate the performance of these tests, HAADF STEM image simulations were carried out for the case of a random-alloy distribution of atoms and for the case of In-rich clusters with nanometer dimensions. The investigated samples, which were grown by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE), were thereby found to be homogeneous on this nanometer scale. Analysis of reconstructions obtained from APT measurements yielded matching results. Though HAADF STEM only allows for the reduction of possible combinations of indium and aluminium concentrations to the proximity of isolines in the two-dimensional composition space. The observed ranges of composition are in good agreement with the EDX and APT results within the respective precisions.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000361001800006	Publication Date	2015-04-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0304-3991;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.843	Times cited	11	Open Access
	Notes	312483 Esteem2; esteem2_ta			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.843; 2015 IF: 2.436
	Call Number	c:irua:126965 c:irua:126965UA @ admin @ c:irua:126965			Serial	1485
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	Author	Huijben, M.; Liu, Y.; Boschker, H.; Lauter, V.; Egoavil, R.; Verbeeck, J.; te Velthuis, S.G.E.; Rijnders, G.; Koster, G.
	Title	Enhanced local magnetization by interface engineering in perovskite-type correlated oxide heterostructures			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Advanced Materials Interfaces	Abbreviated Journal	Adv Mater Interfaces
	Volume	2	Issue	2	Pages	1400416
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000349916000001	Publication Date	2015-01-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2196-7350;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.279	Times cited	30	Open Access
	Notes	Hercules; 246791 COUNTATOMS; 278510 VORTEX; 246102 IFOX; 312483 ESTEEM2; FWO G004413N; esteem2jra3 ECASJO;			Approved	Most recent IF: 4.279; 2015 IF: NA
	Call Number	c:irua:125333 c:irua:125333UA @ admin @ c:irua:125333			Serial	1052
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	Author	Jungbauer, M.; Huehn, S.; Egoavil, R.; Tan, H.; Verbeeck, J.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Moshnyaga, V.
	Title	Atomic layer epitaxy of Ruddlesden-Popper SrO(SrTiO₃)_n films by means of metalorganic aerosol deposition			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Applied physics letters	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Phys Lett
	Volume	105	Issue	25	Pages	251603
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	We report an atomic layer epitaxial growth of Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) thin films of SrO(SrTiO3)(n) (n = infinity, 2, 3, 4) by means of metalorganic aerosol deposition (MAD). The films are grown on SrTiO3(001) substrates by means of a sequential deposition of Sr-O/Ti-O-2 atomic monolayers, monitored in-situ by optical ellipsometry. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveal the RP structure with n = 2-4 in accordance with the growth recipe. RP defects, observed by TEM in a good correlation with the in-situ ellipsometry, mainly result from the excess of SrO. Being maximal at the film/substrate interface, the SrO excess rapidly decreases and saturates after 5-6 repetitions of the SrO(SrTiO3)(4) block at the level of 2.4%. This identifies the SrTiO3 substrate surface as a source of RP defects under oxidizing conditions within MAD. Advantages and limitations of MAD as a solution-based and vacuum-free chemical deposition route were discussed in comparison with molecular beam epitaxy. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000346914000007	Publication Date	2014-12-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-6951;1077-3118;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.411	Times cited	32	Open Access
	Notes	246102 IFOX; 278510 VORTEX; 246791 COUNTATOMS; Hercules; 312483 ESTEEM2; esteem2jra3 ECASJO;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.411; 2014 IF: 3.302
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:122830UA @ admin @ c:irua:122830			Serial	172
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	Author	Egoavil, R.; Gauquelin, N.; Martinez, G.T.; Van Aert, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Verbeeck, J.
	Title	Atomic resolution mapping of phonon excitations in STEM-EELS experiments			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Ultramicroscopy	Abbreviated Journal	Ultramicroscopy
	Volume	147	Issue		Pages	1-7
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Atomically resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy experiments are commonplace in modern aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopes. Energy resolution has also been increasing steadily with the continuous improvement of electron monochromators. Electronic excitations however are known to be delocalized due to the long range interaction of the charged accelerated electrons with the electrons in a sample. This has made several scientists question the value of combined high spatial and energy resolution for mapping interband transitions and possibly phonon excitation in crystals. In this paper we demonstrate experimentally that atomic resolution information is indeed available at very low energy losses around 100 meV expressed as a modulation of the broadening of the zero loss peak. Careful data analysis allows us to get a glimpse of what are likely phonon excitations with both an energy loss and gain part. These experiments confirm recent theoretical predictions on the strong localization of phonon excitations as opposed to electronic excitations and show that a combination of atomic resolution and recent developments in increased energy resolution will offer great benefit for mapping phonon modes in real space.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000343157400001	Publication Date	2014-05-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0304-3991;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.843	Times cited	22	Open Access
	Notes	246102 IFOX; 278510 VORTEX; 246791 COUNTATOMS; Hercules; 312483 ESTEEM2; esteem2jra3 ECASJO;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.843; 2014 IF: 2.436
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:118332UA @ admin @ c:irua:118332			Serial	177
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	Author	Egoavil, R.
	Title	STEM investigation of complex oxides at the atomic scale			Type	Doctoral thesis
	Year	2014	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	Doctoral thesis; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Antwerpen	Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	0000-00-00
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:123302			Serial	3160
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	Author	Tan, H.; Egoavil, R.; Béché, A.; Martinez, G.T.; Van Aert, S.; Verbeeck, J.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Rotella, H.; Boullay, P.; Pautrat, A.; Prellier, W.
	Title	Mapping electronic reconstruction at the metal-insulator interface in LaVO₃/SrVO₃ heterostructures			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Rev B
	Volume	88	Issue	15	Pages	155123-155126
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	A (LaVO3)6/(SrVO3)(3) superlattice is studied with a combination of sub-A resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy and monochromated electron energy-loss spectroscopy. The V oxidation state is mapped with atomic spatial resolution enabling us to investigate electronic reconstruction at the LaVO3/SrVO3 interfaces. Surprisingly, asymmetric charge distribution is found at adjacent chemically symmetric interfaces. The local structure is proposed and simulated with a double channeling calculation which agrees qualitatively with our experiment. We demonstrate that local strain asymmetry is the likely cause of the electronic asymmetry of the interfaces. The electronic reconstruction at the interfaces extends much further than the chemical composition, varying from 0.5 to 1.2 nm. This distance corresponds to the length of charge transfer previously found in the (LaVO3)./(SrVO3). metal/insulating and the (LaAlO3)./(SrTiO3). insulating/insulating interfaces.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000326087100003	Publication Date	2013-10-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1098-0121;1550-235X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.836	Times cited	15	Open Access
	Notes	Hercules; 246791 COUNTATOMS; 278510 VORTEX; 246102 IFOX; 312483 ESTEEM2; FWO; GOA XANES meets ELNES; esteem2jra3 ECASJO;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.836; 2013 IF: 3.664
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:112733UA @ admin @ c:irua:112733			Serial	1944
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	Author	Spreitzer, M.; Egoavil, R.; Verbeeck, J.; Blank, D.H.A.; Rijnders, G.
	Title	Pulsed laser deposition of SrTiO₃ on a H-terminated Si substrate			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Journal of materials chemistry C : materials for optical and electronic devices	Abbreviated Journal	J Mater Chem C
	Volume	1	Issue	34	Pages	5216-5222
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Interfacing oxides with silicon is a long-standing problem related to the integration of multifunctional oxides with semiconductor devices and the replacement of SiO2 with high-k gate oxides. In our study, pulsed laser deposition was used to prepare a SrTiO3 (STO) thin film on a H-terminated Si substrate. The main purpose of our work was to verify the ability of H-termination against the oxidation of Si during the PLD process and to analyze the resulting interfaces. In the first part of the study, the STO was deposited directly on the Si, leading to the formation of a preferentially textured STO film with a (100) orientation. In the second part, SrO was used as a buffer layer, which enabled the partial epitaxial growth of STO with STO(110)parallel to Si(100) and STO[001]parallel to Si[001]. The change in the growth direction induced by the application of a SrO buffer was governed by the formation of a SrO(111) intermediate layer and subsequently by the minimization of the lattice misfit between the STO and the SrO. Under the investigated conditions, approximately 10 nm thick interfacial layers formed between the STO and the Si due to reactions between the deposited material and the underlying H-terminated Si. In the case of direct STO deposition, SiOx formed at the interface with the silicon, while in the case when SrO was used as a buffer, strontium silicate grew directly on the silicon, which improves the growth quality of the uppermost STO.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000322911900005	Publication Date	2013-07-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2050-7526;2050-7534;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.256	Times cited	23	Open Access
	Notes	Ifox; Esteem2; Vortex; Countatoms; esteem2jra3 ECASJO;			Approved	Most recent IF: 5.256; 2013 IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:110798UA @ admin @ c:irua:110798			Serial	2739
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	Author	Egoavil, R.; Tan, H.; Verbeeck, J.; Bals, S.; Smith, B.; Kuiper, B.; Rijnders, G.; Koster, G.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Atomic scale investigation of a PbTiO₃/SrRuO₃/DyScO₃ heterostructure			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Applied physics letters	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Phys Lett
	Volume	102	Issue	22	Pages	223106-5
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	An epitaxial PbTiO3 thin film grown on self-organized crystalline SrRuO3 nanowires deposited on a DyScO3 substrate with ordered DyO and ScO2 chemical terminations is investigated by transmission electron microscopy. In this PbTiO3/SrRuO3/DyScO3 heterostructure, the SrRuO3 nanowires are assumed to grow on only one type of substrate termination. Here, we report on the structure, morphology, and chemical composition analysis of this heterostructure. Electron energy loss spectroscopy reveals the exact termination sequence in this complex structure. The energy loss near-edge structure of the Ti-L-2,L-3, Sc-L-2,L-3, and O K edges shows intrinsic interfacial electronic reconstruction. Furthermore, PbTiO3 domain walls are observed to start at the end of the nanowires resulting in atomic steps on the film surface. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000320621600070	Publication Date	2013-06-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-6951;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.411	Times cited	12	Open Access
	Notes	Ifox; Esteem2; Countatoms; Vortex; esteem2jra3 ECASJO;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.411; 2013 IF: 3.515
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:109606UA @ admin @ c:irua:109606			Serial	185
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	Author	Molina, L.; Egoavil, R.; Turner, S.; Thersleff, T.; Verbeeck, J.; Holzapfel, B.; Eibl, O.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Interlayer structure in YBCO-coated conductors prepared by chemical solution deposition			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Superconductor science and technology	Abbreviated Journal	Supercond Sci Tech
	Volume	26	Issue	7	Pages	075016-75018
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The functionality of YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO)-coated conductor technology depends on the reliability and microstructural properties of a given tape or wire architecture. Particularly, the interface to the metal tape is of interest since it determines the adhesion, mechanical stability of the film and thermal contact of the film to the substrate. A trifluoroacetate (TFA)metal organic deposition (MOD) prepared YBCO film deposited on a chemical solution-derived buffer layer architecture based on CeO2/La2Zr2O7 and grown on a flexible Ni5 at.%W substrate with a {100}⟨001⟩ biaxial texture was investigated. The YBCO film had a thickness was 440 nm and a jc of 1.02 MA cm−2 was determined at 77 K and zero external field. We present a sub-nanoscale analysis of a fully processed solution-derived YBCO-coated conductor by aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) combined with electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). For the first time, structural and chemical analysis of the valence has been carried out on the sub-nm scale. Intermixing of Ni, La, Ce, O and Ba takes place at these interfaces and gives rise to nanometer-sized interlayers which are a by-product of the sequential annealing process. Two distinct interfacial regions were analyzed in detail: (i) the YBCO/CeO2/La2Zr2O7 region (10 nm interlayer) and (ii) the La2Zr2O7/Ni5 at.%W substrate interface region (20 nm NiO). This is of particular significance for the functionality of these YBCO-coated conductor architectures grown by chemical solution deposition.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Bristol	Editor
	Language		Wos	000319973800024	Publication Date	2013-05-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0953-2048;1361-6668;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.878	Times cited	11	Open Access
	Notes	vortex; Countatoms; Fwo; Esteem2; esteem2jra2; esteem2jra3 ECASJO_;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.878; 2013 IF: 2.796
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:108704UA @ admin @ c:irua:108704			Serial	1698
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	Author	Borgatti, F.; Park, C.; Herpers, A.; Offi, F.; Egoavil, R.; Yamashita, Y.; Yang, A.; Kobata, M.; Kobayashi, K.; Verbeeck, J.; Panaccione, G.; Dittmann, R.;
	Title	Chemical insight into electroforming of resistive switching manganite heterostructures			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Nanoscale	Abbreviated Journal	Nanoscale
	Volume	5	Issue	9	Pages	3954-3960
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	We have investigated the role of the electroforming process in the establishment of resistive switching behaviour for Pt/Ti/Pr0.5Ca0.5MnO3/SrRuO3 layered heterostructures (Pt/Ti/PCMO/SRO) acting as non-volatile Resistance Random Access Memories (RRAMs). Electron spectroscopy measurements demonstrate that the higher resistance state resulting from electroforming of as-prepared devices is strictly correlated with the oxidation of the top electrode Ti layer through field-induced electromigration of oxygen ions. Conversely, PCMO exhibits oxygen depletion and downward change of the chemical potential for both resistive states. Impedance spectroscopy analysis, supported by the detailed knowledge of these effects, provides an accurate model description of the device resistive behaviour. The main contributions to the change of resistance from the as-prepared (low resistance) to the electroformed (high resistance) states are respectively due to reduced PCMO at the boundary with the Ti electrode and to the formation of an anisotropic np junction between the Ti and the PCMO layers.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Cambridge	Editor
	Language		Wos	000317859400051	Publication Date	2013-03-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2040-3364;2040-3372;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.367	Times cited	40	Open Access
	Notes	Vortex; Countatoms ECASJO_;			Approved	Most recent IF: 7.367; 2013 IF: 6.739
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:108710UA @ admin @ c:irua:108710			Serial	348
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	Author	Ovsyannikov, S.V.; Abakumov, A.M.; Tsirlin, A.A.; Schnelle, W.; Egoavil, R.; Verbeeck, J.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Glazyrin, K.V.; Hanfland, M.; Dubrovinsky, L.
	Title	Perovskite-like Mn₂O₃ : a path to new manganites			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Angewandte Chemie	Abbreviated Journal	Angew Chem Int Edit
	Volume	52	Issue	5	Pages	1494-1498
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Korund-artiges ε-Mn2O3 und Perowskit-artiges ζ-Mn2O3, zwei neue Phasen von Mn2O3, wurden unter hohen Drücken bei hohen Temperaturen synthetisiert. Die Manganatome können vollständig die A- und B-Positionen der Perowskitstruktur besetzen. ζ-Mn2O3 (siehe Bild, A-Positionsordnung) enthält Mn in den drei Oxidationsstufen +II, +III und +IV.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
	Language		Wos	000313913300027	Publication Date	2012-12-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1433-7851;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	11.994	Times cited	84	Open Access
	Notes	This work was supported by the DFG (project OV-110/1-1), Alexander von Humboldt foundation, European Union Council (FP7)-Grant no. 246102 IFOX, European Research Council (FP7)-ERC Starting Grant no. 278510 VORTEX and ERC Grant no. 246791-COUNTATOMS, and Hercules fund from the Flemish Government. ECASJO_;			Approved	Most recent IF: 11.994; 2013 IF: 11.336
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:108765UA @ admin @ c:irua:108765			Serial	2573
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	Author	Turner, S.; Egoavil, R.; Batuk, M.; Abakumov, A.A.; Hadermann, J.; Verbeeck, J.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Site-specific mapping of transition metal oxygen coordination in complex oxides			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2012	Publication	Applied physics letters	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Phys Lett
	Volume	101	Issue	24	Pages	241910
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	We demonstrate site-specific mapping of the oxygen coordination number for transition metals in complex oxides using atomically resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy in an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope. Pb2Sr2Bi2Fe6O16 contains iron with a constant Fe3+ valency in both octahedral and tetragonal pyramidal coordination and is selected to demonstrate the principle of site-specific coordination mapping. Analysis of the site-specific Fe-L2,3 data reveals distinct variations in the fine structure that are attributed to Fe in a six-fold (octahedron) or five-fold (distorted tetragonal pyramid) oxygen coordination. Using these variations, atomic resolution coordination maps are generated that are in excellent agreement with simulations.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	American Institute of Physics	Place of Publication	New York, N.Y.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000312490000035	Publication Date	2012-12-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-6951;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.411	Times cited	12	Open Access
	Notes	Fwo; Countatoms; Vortex; Esteem 312483; esteem2jra3 ECASJO;			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.411; 2012 IF: 3.794
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:105302UA @ admin @ c:irua:105302			Serial	3030
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	Author	Boschker, H.; Verbeeck, J.; Egoavil, R.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Huijben, M.; Houwman, E.P.; Koster, G.; Blank, D.H.A.; Rijnders, G.
	Title	Preventing the reconstruction of the polar discontinuity at oxide heterointerfaces			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2012	Publication	Advanced functional materials	Abbreviated Journal	Adv Funct Mater
	Volume	22	Issue	11	Pages	2235-2240
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Perovskite oxide heteroepitaxy receives much attention because of the possibility to combine the diverse functionalities of perovskite oxide building blocks. A general boundary condition for the epitaxy is the presence of polar discontinuities at heterointerfaces. These polar discontinuities result in reconstructions, often creating new functionalities at the interface. However, for a significant number of materials these reconstructions are unwanted as they alter the intrinsic materials properties at the interface. Therefore, a strategy to eliminate this reconstruction of the polar discontinuity at the interfaces is required. We show that the use of compositional interface engineering can prevent the reconstruction at the La0.67Sr0.33MnO3/SrTiO3 (LSMO/STO) interface. The polar discontinuity at this interface can be removed by the insertion of a single La0.33Sr0.67O layer, resulting in improved interface magnetization and electrical conductivity.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
	Language		Wos	000304749600002	Publication Date	2012-03-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1616-301X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	12.124	Times cited	72	Open Access
	Notes	We wish to acknowledge the financial support of the Dutch Science Foundation (NWO) and the Dutch Nanotechnology program NanoNed. S. B. acknowledges the financial support from the European Union under the Framework 6 program under a contract for an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative. Reference 026019 ESTEEM. J. V. and G. V. T. acknowledge funding from the European Research Council under the 7th Framework Program (FP7), ERC grant N246791 – COUNTATOMS. R. E. acknowledges funding by the European Union Council under the 7th Framework Program (FP7) grant NNMP3-LA-2010-246102 IFOX. We thank Sandra Van Aert for stimulating discussions.			Approved	Most recent IF: 12.124; 2012 IF: 9.765
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:98907UA @ admin @ c:irua:98907			Serial	2712
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	Author	Turner, S.; Lazar, S.; Freitag, B.; Egoavil, R.; Verbeeck, J.; Put, S.; Strauven, Y.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	High resolution mapping of surface reduction in ceria nanoparticles			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Nanoscale	Abbreviated Journal	Nanoscale
	Volume	3	Issue	8	Pages	3385-3390
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Surface reduction of ceria nano octahedra with predominant {111} and {100} type surfaces is studied using a combination of aberration-corrected Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and spatially resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) at high energy resolution and atomic spatial resolution. The valency of cerium ions at the surface of the nanoparticles is mapped using the fine structure of the Ce M4,5 edge as a fingerprint. The valency of the surface cerium ions is found to change from 4+ to 3+ owing to oxygen deficiency (vacancies) close to the surface. The thickness of this Ce3+ shell is measured using atomic-resolution Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM)-EELS mapping over a {111} surface (the predominant facet for this ceria morphology), {111} type surface island steps and {100} terminating planes. For the {111} facets and for {111} surface islands, the reduction shell is found to extend over a single fully reduced surface plane and 12 underlying mixed valency planes. For the {100} facets the reduction shell extends over a larger area of 56 oxygen vacancy-rich planes. This finding provides a plausible explanation for the higher catalytic activity of the {100} surface facets in ceria.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Cambridge	Editor
	Language		Wos	000293521700057	Publication Date	2011-06-30
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2040-3364;2040-3372;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	7.367	Times cited	127	Open Access
	Notes	Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 7.367; 2011 IF: 5.914
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:90361UA @ admin @ c:irua:90361			Serial	1458
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