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	Author	van Meel, K.; Worobiec, A.; Stranger, M.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Sample damage during X-ray fluorescence analysis: case study on ammonium salts in atmospheric aerosols			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2008	Publication	Journal of environmental monitoring	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	10	Issue		Pages	989-992
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000258084000030	Publication Date	2008-07-15
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1464-0325; 1464-0333	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:69669			Serial	8493
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Loreto, S.; Cuypers, B.; Brokken, J.; Van Doorslaer, S.; De Wael, K.; Meynen, V.
	Title	The effect of the buffer solution on the adsorption and stability of horse heart myoglobin on commercial mesoporous titanium dioxide : a matter of the right choice			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Physical chemistry, chemical physics	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Chem Chem Phys
	Volume	19	Issue	21	Pages	13503-13514
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Despite the numerous studies on the adsorption of different proteins onto mesoporous titanium dioxide and indications on the important role of buffer solutions in bioactivity, a systematic study on the impact of the buffer on the protein incorporation into porous substrates is still lacking. We here studied the interaction between a commercial mesoporous TiO2 and three of the most used buffers for protein incorporation, i.e. HEPES, Tris and phosphate buffer. In addition, this paper analyzes the adsorption of horse heart myoglobin (hhMb) onto commercial mesoporous TiO2 as a model system to test the influence of buffers on the protein incorporation behavior in mesoporous TiO2. N2 sorption analysis, FT-IR and TGA/DTG measurements were used to evaluate the interaction between the buffers and the TiO2 surface, and the effect of such an interaction on hhMb adsorption. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) were used to detect changes in the microenvironment surrounding the heme. The three buffers show a completely different interaction with the TiO2 surface, which drastically affects the adsorption of myoglobin as well as its structure and electrochemical activity. Therefore, special attention is required while choosing the buffer medium to avoid misguided evaluation of protein adsorption on mesoporous TiO2.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000402488300013	Publication Date	2017-04-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1463-9076; 1463-9084	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.123	Times cited	2	Open Access
	Notes	; We are grateful to Gert Nuyts for performing the XRF measurements, and Dr Stanislav Trashin for his assistance during the electrochemical experiments. This work is supported by the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO) (grant G.0687.13) and the University of Antwerp (BOF project). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 4.123
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:143514			Serial	5582
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	Author	Vermeyen, T.; Brence, J.; Van Echelpoel, R.; Aerts, R.; Acke, G.; Bultinck, P.; Herrebout, W.
	Title	Exploring machine learning methods for absolute configuration determination with vibrational circular dichroism			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2021	Publication	Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics	Abbreviated Journal	Phys Chem Chem Phys
	Volume	23	Issue	35	Pages	19781-19789
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Molecular Spectroscopy (MolSpec)
	Abstract	The added value of supervised Machine Learning (ML) methods to determine the Absolute Configuration (AC) of compounds from their Vibrational Circular Dichroism (VCD) spectra was explored. Among all ML methods considered, Random Forest (RF) and Feedforward Neural Network (FNN) yield the best performance for identification of the AC. At its best, FNN allows near-perfect AC determination, with accuracy of prediction up to 0.995, while RF combines good predictive accuracy (up to 0.940) with the ability to identify the spectral areas important for the identification of the AC. No loss in performance of either model is observed as long as the spectral sampling interval used does not exceed the spectral bandwidth. Increasing the sampling interval proves to be the best method to lower the dimensionality of the input data, thereby decreasing the computational cost associated with the training of the models.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000691366500001	Publication Date	2021-08-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1463-9076; 1463-9084	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.123	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 4.123
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:180290			Serial	7951
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	Author	Pilehvar, S.; Dardenne, F.; Blust, R.; De Wael, K.
	Title	Electrochemical sensing of phenicol antibiotics at gold			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2012	Publication	International journal of electrochemical science	Abbreviated Journal	Int J Electrochem Sc
	Volume	7	Issue	6	Pages	5000-5011
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Phenicols are an effective and a broad spectrum class of antibiotics which has lost favour due to their side effects on human health. A rapid and sensitive electrochemical detection system is developed for the simultaneous detection of chloramphenicol (CAP), thiamphenicol (TAP) and florfenicol (FF). The electrochemical behaviour of CAP in the presence of its derivatives was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). At a gold electrode, CAP gives rise to a sensitive cathodic peak at −0.68V (versus SCE) in a tris buffer solution (pH 7.6). This behavior gives us the opportunity to introduce a method for sensing CAP electrochemically in the presence of its derivatives. Calibration graphs were linear in the 2.5-7.4 μmol L-1 concentration range. Deviations from linearity were observed for higher concentrations and this was interpreted to be due to kinetic limitation caused by the saturation of CAP and its reduction products onto the gold electrode surface. A limit of detection of 1 μmol L-1 was found.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1452-3981	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.469	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.469; 2012 IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:98344			Serial	5595
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	Author	De Wael, K.; Verstraete, A.; van Vlierberghe, S.; Dejonghe, W.; Dubruel, P.; Adriaens, A.
	Title	The electrochemistry of a gelatin modified gold electrode			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	International journal of electrochemical science	Abbreviated Journal	Int J Electrochem Sc
	Volume	6	Issue	6	Pages	1810-1819
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	This paper discusses the electrochemical behaviour of gelatin coated gold electrodes in physiological pH conditions in a potential window −1.5 till 1.0 V vs SCE by performing cyclic voltammetry. A comparison is made between gelatin A and gelatin B, which have respectively a positive and a negative net charge at physiological pH. The deposition of gelatin onto the gold surface is confirmed by means of attenuated total reflection-infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopic analyses.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1452-3981	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.469	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	; The authors would like to acknowledge the Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO, Belgium) and the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO, Belgium) for the Ph.D. funding granted to Annelies Verstraete. Karolien De Wael and Sandra Van Vlierberghe are also grateful to the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO, Belgium) for their postdoctoral fellowship. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.469; 2011 IF: 3.729
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:89617			Serial	5598
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	Author	Vanmeert, F.; Hendriks, E.; van der Snickt, G.; Monico, L.; Dik, J.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Chemical Mapping by Macroscopic X-ray Powder Diffraction (MA-XRPD) of Van Gogh's Sunflowers : identification of areas with higher degradation risk			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English	Abbreviated Journal	Angew Chem Int Edit
	Volume	57	Issue	25	Pages	7418-7422
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The discoloration rate of chrome yellow (CY), a class of synthetic inorganic pigments (PbCr1-xSxO4) frequently used by Van Gogh and his contemporaries, strongly depends on its sulfate content and on its crystalline structure (either monoclinic or orthorhombic). Macroscopic X-Ray powder diffraction imaging of selected areas on Van Gogh's Sunflowers (Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam) revealed the presence of two subtypes of CY: the light-fast monoclinic PbCrO4 (LF-CY) and the light-sensitive monoclinic PbCr1-xSxO4 (x approximate to 0.5; LS-CY). The latter was encountered in large parts of the painting (e.g., in the pale-yellow background and the bright-yellow petals, but also in the green stems and flower hearts), thus indicating their higher risk for past or future darkening. Overall, it is present in more than 50% of the CY regions. Preferred orientation of LS-CY allows observation of a significant ordering of the elongated crystallites along the direction of Van Gogh's brush strokes.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000434949200023	Publication Date	2018-03-02
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1433-7851; 0570-0833	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	11.994	Times cited	10	Open Access
	Notes	; The authors acknowledge financial support from BELSPO (Brussels) S2-ART, the NWO (The Hague) Science4Arts “ReVisRembrandt” project, the GOA Project Solarpaint (University of Antwerp Research Council), and the Interreg Smart*Light project. Raman analyses were performed using the European MOLAB platform, which is financially supported by the Horizon 2020 Programme (IPERION CH Grant 654028). The authors thank the staff of the Van Gogh Museum for their collaboration. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 11.994
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:153185			Serial	5517
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	Author	Monico, L.; Janssens, K.; Hendriks, E.; Vanmeert, F.; van der Snickt, G.; Cotte, M.; Falkenberg, G.; Brunetti, B.G.; Miliani, C.
	Title	Evidence for degradation of the chrome yellows in Van Gogh's sunflowers : a study using noninvasive in situ methods and synchrotron-radiation-based x-ray techniques			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English	Abbreviated Journal	Angew Chem Int Edit
	Volume	54	Issue	47	Pages	13923-13927
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	This paper presents firm evidence for the chemical alteration of chrome yellow pigments in Van Gogh's Sunflowers (Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam). Noninvasive in situ spectroscopic analysis at several spots on the painting, combined with synchrotron-radiation-based X-ray investigations of two microsamples, revealed the presence of different types of chrome yellow used by Van Gogh, including the lightfast PbCrO4 and the sulfur-rich PbCr1-xSxO4 (x approximate to 0.5) variety that is known for its high propensity to undergo photoinduced reduction. The products of this degradation process, i.e., Cr-III compounds, were found at the interface between the paint and the varnish. Selected locations of the painting with the highest risk of color modification by chemical deterioration of chrome yellow are identified, thus calling for careful monitoring in the future.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000367722500009	Publication Date	2015-10-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1433-7851; 0570-0833	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	11.994	Times cited	24	Open Access
	Notes	; We acknowledge financial support from the Italian MIUR project SICH-PRIN (2010329WPF_001) and BELSPO (Brussels) Project S2-ART (SD04A), GOA “SOLARPAINT” (Research Fund Antwerp University, BOF-2015), and FWO (Brussels) projects G.0C12.13, G.0704.08, G.01769.09. We thank ESRF (EC-1051, HG-26) and DESY (I-20120312 EC) for beamtime grants received. Noninvasive analysis of Sunflowers were supported by the EU FP7 programme CHARISMA (Grant 228330) and the Fund Inbev-Baillet Latour (Brussels). L.M. acknowledges financial support from the CNR Short Term Mobility Programme-2013. We thank Muriel Geldof, Luc Megens, Suzan de Groot (The Netherlands Cultural Heritage Agency, RCE), Chiara Grazia, David Buti (CNR-ISTM and SMAArt Centre), and the staff of the Van Gogh Museum for their collaboration. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 11.994; 2015 IF: 11.261
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:131110			Serial	5617
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	Author	Anaf, W.; Janssens, K.; De Wael, K.
	Title	Formation of metallic mercury during photodegradation/photodarkening of \alpha-HgS : electrochemical evidence			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English	Abbreviated Journal	Angew Chem Int Edit
	Volume	52	Issue	48	Pages	12568-12571
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Das rote Pigment α-HgS neigt in Gegenwart von Licht und Chloridionen zur Schwärzung. Als Grund für die Zersetzung und Entfärbung werden die Bildung von (schwarzem) β-HgS oder Quecksilbermetall vermutet, doch diese Substanzen wurden noch nicht auf natürlich oder künstlich zersetzter HgS-Farbe nachgewiesen. Elektrochemische Experimente belegen nun die Bildung von Quecksilbermetall in Gegenwart von Licht und Chloridionen.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000327582900015	Publication Date	2013-10-04
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1433-7851; 0570-0833	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	11.994	Times cited	19	Open Access
	Notes	; The authors acknowledge L. Klaassen for valuable discussions and providing samples. We acknowledge financial support from the SDD programme (S2-ART project) of the Belgian Federal Goverment. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 11.994; 2013 IF: 11.336
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:111265			Serial	5626
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	Author	van der Snickt, G.; Dubois, H.; Sanyova, J.; Legrand, S.; Coudray, A.; Glaude, C.; Postec, M.; van Espen, P.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Large-area elemental imaging reveals Van Eyck's original paint layers on the Ghent altarpiece (1432), rescoping its conservation treatment			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English	Abbreviated Journal	Angew Chem Int Edit
	Volume	56	Issue	17	Pages	4797-4801
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	A combination of large-scale and micro-scale elemental imaging, yielding elemental distribution maps obtained by, respectively non-invasive macroscopic X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) and by secondary electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) and synchrotron radiation-based micro-XRF (SR m-XRF) imaging was employed to reorient and optimize the conservation strategy of van Eyck's renowned Ghent Altarpiece. By exploiting the penetrative properties of X-rays together with the elemental specificity offered by XRF, it was possible to visualize the original paint layers by van Eyck hidden below the overpainted surface and to simultaneously assess their condition. The distribution of the high-energy Pb-L and Hg-L emission lines revealed the exact location of hidden paint losses, while Fe-K maps demonstrated how and where these lacunae were filled-up using an iron-containing material. The chemical maps nourished the scholarly debate on the overpaint removal with objective, chemical arguments, leading to the decision to remove all skillfully applied overpaints, hitherto interpreted as work by van Eyck. MA-XRF was also employed for monitoring the removal of the overpaint during the treatment phase. To gather complementary information on the in-depth layer build-up, SEM-EDX and SR mu-XRF imaging was used on paint cross sections to record microscale elemental maps.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000398576000019	Publication Date	2017-03-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1433-7851; 0570-0833	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	11.994	Times cited	11	Open Access
	Notes	; This research was supported by the Baillet Latour fund, the Belgian Science Policy Office (Projects MO/39/011) and the Gieskes-Strijbis fund. The authors are also indebted to the BOF-GOA SOLAR Paint project of the University of Antwerp Research Council. The church wardens of the cathedral of St. Bavo and their chairman L. Collin are acknowledged for this agreeable collaboration. We also wish to thank conservators L. Depuydt, B. De Volder, F. Rosier, N. Laquiere and G. Steyaert as well as the members of the international committee. We are indebted to Prof. Em. A. Van Grevenstein-Kruse. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 11.994
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:142376			Serial	5688
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	Author	Miliani, C.; Monico, L.; Melo, M.J.; Fantacci, S.; Angelin, E.M.; Romani, A.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Photochemistry of Artists' Dyes and Pigments : towards better understanding and prevention of colour change in works of art			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English	Abbreviated Journal	Angew Chem Int Edit
	Volume	57	Issue	25	Pages	7324-7334
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The absorption of light gives a pigment its colour and its reason for being, but it also creates excited states, that is, new molecules with an energy excess that can be dissipated through degradation pathways. Photodegradation processes provoke long-term, cumulative and irreversible colour changes (fading, darkening, blanching) of which the prediction and prevention are challenging tasks. Of all the environmental risks that affect heritage materials, light exposure is the only one that cannot be controlled without any impact on the optimal display of the exhibit. Light-induced alterations are not only associated with the pigment itself but also with its interactions with support/binder and, in turn, are further complicated by the nature of the environmental conditions. In this Minireview we investigate how chemistry, encompassing multi-scale analytical investigations of works of art, computational modelling and physical and chemical studies contributes to improve our prediction of artwork appearance before degradation and to establish effective preventive conservation strategies.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000434949200006	Publication Date	2018-04-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1433-7851; 0570-0833	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	11.994	Times cited	10	Open Access
	Notes	; We acknowledge: ACS and APS for the permission to adapt Figure 1c,d; RSC to adapt Figures 1e, 3c,d and 4a; Wiley and IUCr to adapt Figures 3b and 4b-d; for the detail of a Andean textile in Figure 5, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, USA; for the illuminated initial in Figure 6, Torre do Tombo (ANTT). Financial support from the H2020 project IPERION-CH (GA. 654028) is gratefully acknowledged. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 11.994
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:153184			Serial	5769
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	Author	Vanmeert, F.; van der Snickt, G.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Plumbonacrite identified by X-ray powder diffraction tomography as a missing link during degradation of red lead in a Van Gogh painting			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English	Abbreviated Journal	Angew Chem Int Edit
	Volume	54	Issue	12	Pages	3607-3610
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Red lead, a semiconductor pigment used by artists since antiquity, is known to undergo several discoloration phenomena. These transformations are either described as darkening of the pigment caused by the formation of either plattnerite (β-PbO2) or galena (PbS) or as whitening by which red lead is converted into anglesite (PbSO4) or (hydro)cerussite (2 PbCO3⋅Pb(OH)2; PbCO3). X-ray powder diffraction tomography, a powerful analytical method that allows visualization of the internal distribution of different crystalline compounds in complex samples, was used to investigate a microscopic paint sample from a Van Gogh painting. A very rare lead mineral, plumbonacrite (3 PbCO3⋅ Pb(OH)2⋅PbO), was revealed to be present. This is the first reported occurrence of this compound in a painting dating from before the mid 20th century. It constitutes the missing link between on the one hand the photoinduced reduction of red lead and on the other hand (hydro)cerussite, and thus sheds new light on the whitening of red lead.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000351178300008	Publication Date	2015-02-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1433-7851; 0570-0833	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	11.994	Times cited	24	Open Access
	Notes	; The authors acknowledge L. Van der Loeff and M. Leeuwestein (Kroller-Muller Museum) for providing the paint sample. We thank Dr. J. Jaroszewicz (WUT) for performing the CT measurements. This research was carried out at the light source PETRA III at DESY, a member of the Helmholtz Association (HGF). We thank Dr. G. Falkenberg and the members of his team for their assistance in using beam line P06. We acknowledge financial support from the University of Antwerp GOA projects “XANES meets EELS” and “SOLARPaint”, as well as from BELSPO (Brussels) Project S2-ART and FWO (Brussels) project “ESRF-Dubble”. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 11.994; 2015 IF: 11.261
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:124620			Serial	5774
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	Author	Dooley, K.A.; Chieli, A.; Romani, A.; Legrand, S.; Miliani, C.; Janssens, K.; Delaney, J.K.
	Title	Molecular fluorescence imaging spectroscopy for mapping low concentrations of red lake pigments : Van Gogh's painting The Olive Orchard			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Angewandte Chemie-International Edition	Abbreviated Journal	Angew Chem Int Edit
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Vincent van Gogh used fugitive red lake pigments that have faded in some paintings. Mapping their distribution is key to understanding how his paintings have changed with time. While red lake pigments can be identified from microsamples, in situ identification and mapping remain challenging. This paper explores the ability of molecular fluorescence imaging spectroscopy to identify and, more importantly, map residual non-degraded red lakes. The high sensitivity of this method enabled identification of the emission spectra of eosin (tetrabromine fluorescein) lake mixed with lead or zinc white at lower concentrations than elemental X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy used on account of bromine. The molecular fluorescence mapping of residual eosin and two carmine red lakes in van Gogh's The Olive Orchard is demonstrated and compared with XRF imaging spectroscopy. The red lakes are consistent with the composition of paint tubes known to have been used by van Gogh.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000512477200001	Publication Date	2020-01-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1433-7851; 0570-0833	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	16.6	Times cited	2	Open Access
	Notes	; We thank Damon Conover and Roxanne Radpour for help with the fluorescence self-absorption correction, and Ella Hendricks for discussions about van Gogh~s letters and materials. K.J. and S.L. thank the Research Council of the University of Antwerp for financial support (ID grant 25805 to S.L. and GOA project SolarPaint). Also FWO, Brussels provided financial support (grants G056619N and G054719N). The European research project IPERION-CH, funded by the European Commission, H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015 (Grant agreement n. 654028) is also acknowledged. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 16.6; 2020 IF: 11.994
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:166490			Serial	6563
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	Author	Beltran, V.; Marchetti, A.; Nuyts, G.; Leeuwestein, M.; Sandt, C.; Borondics, F.; De Wael, K.
	Title	Nanoscale analysis of historical paintings by means of O‐PTIR spectroscopy : the identification of the organic particles in L’Arlésienne (portrait of Madame Ginoux) by Van Gogh			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2021	Publication	Angewandte Chemie-International Edition	Abbreviated Journal	Angew Chem Int Edit
	Volume	60	Issue	42	Pages	22753-22760
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Optical-photothermal infrared (O-PTIR) spectroscopy is a recently developed technique that provides spectra comparable to traditional transmission FTIR spectroscopy with nanometric spatial resolution. Hence, O-PTIR is a promising candidate for the analysis of historical paintings, as well as other cultural heritage objects, but its potential has not yet been evaluated.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000694015700001	Publication Date	2021-06-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1433-7851; 0570-0833	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	11.994	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 11.994
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:179989			Serial	8291
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	Author	Ma, X.; Beltran, V.; Ramer, G.; Pavlidis, G.; Parkinson, D.Y.; Thoury, M.; Meldrum, T.; Centrone, A.; Berrie, B.H.
	Title	Revealing the distribution of metal carboxylates in oil paint from the micro- to nanoscale			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	58	Issue	34	Pages	11652-11656
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Oil paints comprise pigments, drying oils, and additives that together confer desirable properties, but can react to form metal carboxylates (soaps) that may damage artworks over time. To obtain information on soap formation and aggregation, we introduce a new tapping-mode measurement paradigm for the photothermal induced resonance (PTIR) technique that enables nanoscale IR spectroscopy and imaging on highly heterogenous and rough paint thin sections. PTIR is used in combination with mu-computed tomography and IR microscopy to determine the distribution of metal carboxylates in a 23-year old oil paint of known formulation. Results show that heterogeneous agglomerates of Al-stearate and a Zn-carboxylate complex with Zn-stearate nano-aggregates in proximity are distributed randomly in the paint. The gradients of zinc carboxylates are unrelated to the Al-stearate distribution. These measurements open a new chemically sensitive nanoscale observation window on the distribution of metal soaps that can bring insights for understanding soap formation in oil paint.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000478409100001	Publication Date	2019-06-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1433-7851; 0570-0833	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:163573			Serial	8478
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Tan, H.; Tian, H.; Verbeeck, J.; Janssens, K.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Nanoscale investigation of the degradation mechanism of a historical chrome yellow paint by quantitative electron energy loss spectroscopy mapping of chromium species			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English	Abbreviated Journal	Angew Chem Int Edit
	Volume	52	Issue	43	Pages	11360-11363
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Getting the picture: The investigation of 100 year old chrome yellow paint by transmission electron microscopy and spectroscopy has led to the identification of four types of coreshell particles. This nanoscale investigation has allowed a mechanism to be proposed for the darkening of some bright yellow colors in Van Gogh's paintings (e.g. in Falling leaves (Les Alyscamps), 1888).
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Weinheim	Editor
	Language		Wos	000330735800026	Publication Date	2013-09-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1433-7851;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	11.994	Times cited	29	Open Access
	Notes	Esteem2; Vortex; Countatoms; esteem2jra3 ECASJO;			Approved	Most recent IF: 11.994; 2013 IF: 11.336
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:110947UA @ admin @ c:irua:110947			Serial	2266
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Elia, A.; De Wael, K.; Dowsett, M.; Adriaens, A.
	Title	Electrochemical deposition of a copper carboxylate layer on copper as potential corrosion inhibitor			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Journal of solid state electrochemistry	Abbreviated Journal	J Solid State Electr
	Volume	16	Issue	1	Pages	143-148
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Carboxylic acids and sodium carboxylates are used to protect metals against aqueous and atmospheric corrosion. In this paper, we describe the application of a layer of copper carboxylate on the surface of a copper electrode by means of cyclic voltammetry technique and tests which measure the corresponding resistance to aqueous corrosion. Unlike the soaking process, which also forms a film on the surface, the use of cyclic voltammetry allows one to follow the deposition process of the copper carboxylates onto the electrode. The modified electrodes have been characterised with infrared spectroscopy. In addition, the corrosion resistance of the film has been investigated using polarisation resistance and Tafel plot measurements.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000298651700018	Publication Date	2011-01-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1432-8488	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.316	Times cited	8	Open Access
	Notes	; Authors would like to acknowledge the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO) for funding assistance (A. Elia is a FWO aspirant) and V. Vermeersch and S. Van Vlierberghe (Ghent University, Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Research Group) for the FTIR-ATR measurements. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.316; 2011 IF: 2.131
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:89618			Serial	5588
Permanent link to this record



	Author	De Keersmaecker, M.; De Wael, K.; Adriaens, A.
	Title	Influence of the deposition method, temperature and deposition time on the corrosion inhibition of lead dodecanoate coatings deposited on lead surfaces			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Journal of solid state electrochemistry	Abbreviated Journal	J Solid State Electr
	Volume	17	Issue	5	Pages	1259-1269
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Electrochemical impedance measurements have been used to investigate the influence of the deposition method, including time and temperature, upon the corrosion inhibition characteristics of lead dodecanoate coatings on lead electrodes. The results were analysed using multivariate statistics and show that, in general, these easily prepared coatings are very protective against corrosion. The temperature proves to be an important parameter for the quality and the corrosion inhibition efficiency of the coating. A comparison between two different electrochemically assisted deposition methods, immersion using a reduction pretreatment and cyclic voltammetry, does not show significant differences. Using the immersion technique at room temperature, the deposition time was tested as the third influencing parameter for the corrosion inhibition efficiency of the deposited lead dodecanoate coatings. A longer deposition time of the lead into the sodium dodecanoate solution provides a layer with a somewhat higher corrosion resistance.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000320374300001	Publication Date	2013-01-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1432-8488	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.316	Times cited	4	Open Access
	Notes	; The Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO)- and Ghent University are acknowledged for the funding of this work. The authors would also like to thank Pieter van Hoe for the construction of the lead electrodes. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.316; 2013 IF: 2.234
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:105278			Serial	5663
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Denecke, M.A.; Somogyi, A.; Janssens, K.; Simon, R.; Dardenne, K.; Noseck, U.
	Title	Microanalysis (micro-XRF, micro-XANES, and micro-XRD) of a tertiary sediment using microfocused synchrotron radiation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2007	Publication	Microscopy and microanalysis	Abbreviated Journal	Microsc Microanal
	Volume	13	Issue	3	Pages	165-172
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000246814100004	Publication Date	2007-05-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1431-9276	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.891	Times cited	31	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.891; 2007 IF: 1.941
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:64739			Serial	5721
Permanent link to this record



	Author	van der Linden, V.; Meesdom, E.; Devos, A.; van Dooren, R.; Nieuwdorp, H.; Janssen, E.; Balace, S.; Vekemans, B.; Vincze, L.; Janssens, K.
	Title	PXRF, \mu-XRF, vacuum \mu-XRF, and EPMA analysis of Email Champlevé objects present in Belgian museums			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	Microscopy and microanalysis	Abbreviated Journal	Microsc Microanal
	Volume	17	Issue	5	Pages	674-685
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The enamel of 20 Email Champlevé objects dating between the 12th and 19th centuries was investigated by means of microscopic and portable X-ray fluorescence analysis (μ-XRF and PXRF). Seven of these objects were microsampled and the fragments were analyzed with electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and vacuum μ-XRF to obtain quantitative data about the composition of the glass used to produce these enameled objects. As a result of the evolution of the raw materials employed to produce the base glass, three different compositional groups could be discriminated. The first group consisted of soda-lime-silica glass with a sodium source of mineral origin (with low K content) that was opacified by addition of calcium antimonate crystals. This type of glass was only used in objects made in the 12th century. Email Champlevé objects from the beginning of the 13th century onward were enameled with soda-lime-silica glass with a sodium source of vegetal origin. This type of glass, which has a higher potassium content, was opacified with SnO2 crystals. The glass used for 19th century Email Champlevé artifacts was produced with synthetic and purified components resulting in a different chemical composition compared to the other groups. Although the four analytical techniques employed in this study have their own specific characteristics, they were all found to be suitable for classifying the objects into the different chronological categories.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000295609100005	Publication Date	2011-09-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1431-9276	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.891	Times cited	9	Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.891; 2011 IF: 3.007
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:92827			Serial	5791
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Hamidi-Asl, E.; Dardenne, F.; Blust, R.; De Wael, K.
	Title	An improved electrochemical aptasensor for chloramphenicol detection based on aptamer incorporated gelatine			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Sensors	Abbreviated Journal	Sensors-Basel
	Volume	15	Issue	4	Pages	7605-7618
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Because of the biocompatible properties of gelatine and the good affinity of aptamers for their targets, the combination of aptamer and gelatine type B is reported as promising for the development of biosensing devices. Here, an aptamer for chloramphenicol (CAP) is mixed with different types of gelatine and dropped on the surface of disposable gold screen printed electrodes. The signal of the CAP reduction is investigated using differential pulse voltammetry. The diagnostic performance of the sensor is described and a detection limit of 1.83 x 10(-10) M is found. The selectivity and the stability of the aptasensor are studied and compared to those of other CAP sensors described in literature.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000354236100025	Publication Date	2015-03-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1424-8220	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.677	Times cited	21	Open Access
	Notes	; Ezat Hamidi-Asl was financially supported by IOF-POC (University of Antwerp). ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.677; 2015 IF: 2.245
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:126071			Serial	5464
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Pilehvar, S.; Dierckx, T.; Blust, R.; Breugelmans, T.; De Wael, K.
	Title	An electrochemical impedimetric aptasensing platform for sensitive and selective detection of small molecules such as chloramphenicol			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Sensors	Abbreviated Journal	Sensors-Basel
	Volume	14	Issue	7	Pages	12059-12069
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT)
	Abstract	We report on the aptadetection of chloramphenicol (CAP) using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The detection principle is based on the changes of the interfacial properties of the electrode after the interaction of the ssDNA aptamers with the target molecules. The electrode surface is partially blocked due to the formation of the aptamer-CAP complex, resulting in an increase of the interfacial electron-transfer resistance of the redox probe detected by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy or cyclic voltammetry. We observed that the ratio of polarization resistance had a linear relationship with the concentrations of CAP in the range of 1.76127 nM, and a detection limit of 1.76 nM was obtained. The covalent binding of CAP-aptamer on the electrode surface combined with the unique properties of aptamers and impedimetric transduction leads to the development of a stable and sensitive electrochemical aptasensor for CAP.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000340035700041	Publication Date	2014-07-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1424-8220	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.677	Times cited	34	Open Access
	Notes	; We are thankful to UA-DOCPRO and UA-BOFACA for financial support. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.677; 2014 IF: 2.245
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:117845			Serial	5592
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Moro, G.; Cristofori, D.; Bottari, F.; Cattaruzza, E.; De Wael, K.; Moretto, L.M.
	Title	Redesigning an electrochemical MIP sensor for PFOS : practicalities and pitfalls			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	Sensors	Abbreviated Journal	Sensors-Basel
	Volume	19	Issue	20	Pages	4433
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	There is a growing interest in the technological transfer of highly performing electrochemical sensors within portable analytical devices for the in situ monitoring of environmental contaminants, such as perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS). In the redesign of biomimetic sensors, many parameters should be taken into account from the working conditions to the electrode surface roughness. A complete characterization of the surface modifiers can help to avoid time-consuming optimizations and better interpret the sensor responses. In the present study, a molecularly imprinted polymer electrochemical sensor (MIP) for PFOS optimized on gold disk electrodes was redesigned on commercial gold screen-printed electrodes. However, its performance investigated by differential pulse voltammetry was found to be poor. Before proceeding with further optimization, a morphological study of the bare and modified electrode surfaces was carried out by scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and profilometry revealing an heterogeneous distribution of the polymer strongly influenced by the electrode roughness. The high content of fluorine of the target-template molecule allowed to map the distribution of the molecularly imprinted polymer before the template removal and to define a characterization protocol. This case study shows the importance of a multi-analytical characterization approach and identify significant parameters to be considered in similar redesigning studies.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000497864700081	Publication Date	2019-10-14
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1424-8220	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.677	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.677
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:164686			Serial	5808
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Stranger, M.; Potgieter-Vermaak, S.; Sacco, P.; Quaglio, F.; Pagani, D.; Cocheo, C.; Godoi, A.F.L.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Analysis of indoor gaseous formic and acetic acid, using radial diffusive samplers			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Environmental monitoring and assessment	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	149	Issue		Pages	411-417
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	A diffusive sampling method for the determination of gaseous acetic and formic acids, using a radial symmetry diffusive sampler, has been optimised for a 7-day exposure time in this study. Sampling rate determinations were performed on data obtained from a dynamic exposure chamber, simulating the indoor conditions of an empty, closed, room, at room temperature and minimal wind speed. Analysis has been performed by means of ion chromatography. The sampling rates for formic acid concentrations of 128 ìg m−3 and 1248 ìg m−3 were determined to be 91.2 ± 3.9 ml min−1 and 111.6 ± 2.8 ml min−1, respectively. The acetic acid sampling rate was independent of the concentration in the range 160 ìg m−31564 ìg m−3, and amounted to 97.3 ± 3.1 ml min−1. Experimentally determined sampling rates showed deviations of 3% for acetic acid, and 321% for formic acid, in relation to theoretically derived values. The blank values were as low as 1.69 ± 0.07 ìg for formic acid and 1.21 ± 0.14 ìg for acetic acid, and detection limits lower than 0.5 ìg m−3 could be achieved, which is an improvement of 9899% compared to previously validated diffusive sampling methods. This study describes the first step of an extended validation program in which the applicability of these types of samplers for the measurement of organic acids will be validated and optimised for the environmental conditions typical for museum showcases.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000263159800038	Publication Date	2008-06-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1420-2026; 1573-2967	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:72923			Serial	7447
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Ravindra, K.; Wauters, E.; Tyagi, S.K.; Mor, S.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Assessment of air quality after the implementation of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) as fuel in public transport in Delhi, India			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2006	Publication	Environmental monitoring and assessment	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	115	Issue		Pages	405-417
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000238973500023	Publication Date	2006-04-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1420-2026; 1573-2967	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:58856			Serial	7501
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Akbulut, S.; Van Grieken, R.; Kilic, M.A.; Čevik, U.; Rotondo, G.G.
	Title	Identification of heavy metal origins related to chemical and morphological soil properties using several non-destructive X-ray analytical methods			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Environmental monitoring and assessment	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	185	Issue	3	Pages	2377-2394
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Soils are complex mixtures of organic, inorganic materials, and metal compounds from anthropogenic sources. In order to identify the pollution sources, their magnitude and development, several X-ray analytical methods were applied in this study. The concentrations of 16 elements were determined in all the soil samples using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Soils of unknown origin were observed by scanning electron microscopy equipped with a Si(Li) X-ray detector using Monte Carlo simulation approach. The mineralogical analyses were carried out using X-ray diffraction spectrometry. Due to the correlations between heavy metals and oxide compounds, the samples were analyzed also by electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) in order to have information about their oxide contents. On the other hand, soil pH and salinity levels were identified owing to their influence between heavy metal and soil-surface chemistry. Moreover, the geoaccumulation index (I geo) enables the assessment of contamination by comparing current and pre-industrial concentrations.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000314033300029	Publication Date	2012-06-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1420-2026; 1573-2967	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:106755			Serial	8052
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Dirtu, A.C.; Buczyńska, A.J.; Godoi, A.F.L.; Favoreto, R.; Bencs, L.; Potgieter-Vermaak, S.S.; Godoi, R.H.M.; Van Grieken, R.; Van Vaeck, L.
	Title	Methods, fluxes and sources of gas phase alkyl nitrates in the coastal air			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	Environmental monitoring and assessment	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	186	Issue	10	Pages	6445-6457
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Toxicological Centre
	Abstract	The daily and seasonal atmospheric concentrations, deposition fluxes and emission sources of a few C3C9 gaseous alkyl nitrates (ANs) at the Belgian coast (De Haan) on the Southern North Sea were determined. An adapted sampler design for low- and high-volume air-sampling, optimized sample extraction and clean-up, as well as identification and quantification of ANs in air samples by means of gas chromatography mass spectrometry, are reported. The total concentrations of ANs ranged from 0.03 to 85 pptv and consisted primarily of the nitro-butane and nitro-pentane isomers. Air mass backward trajectories were calculated by the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model to determine the influence of main air masses on AN levels in the air. The shorter chain ANs have been the most abundant in the Atlantic/Channel/UK air masses, while longer chain ANs prevailed in continental air. The overall mean N fluxes of the ANs were slightly higher for summer than those for winter-spring, although their contributions to the total nitrogen flux were low. High correlations between AN and HNO2 levels were observed during winter/spring. During summer, the shorter chain ANs correlated well with precipitation. Source apportionment by means of principal component analysis indicated that most of the gas phase ANs could be attributed to traffic/combustion, secondary photochemical formation and biomass burning, although marine sources may also have been present and a contributing factor.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000341497800035	Publication Date	2014-06-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1420-2026; 1573-2967	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:118906			Serial	8224
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Alejo, D.; Morales, M.C.; de la Torre, J.B.; Grau, R.; Bencs, L.; Van Grieken, R.; van Espen, P.; Sosa, D.; Nuñez, V.
	Title	Seasonal trends of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide over North Santa Clara, Cuba			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2013	Publication	Environmental monitoring and assessment	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	185	Issue	7	Pages	6023-6033
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Atmospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) levels were monitored simultaneously by means of Radiello passive samplers at six sites of Santa Clara city, Cuba, in the cold and the warm seasons in 2010. The dissolved ionic forms of NO2 and SO2 as nitrate and sulfite plus sulfate, respectively, were determined by means of ion chromatography. Analysis of NO2 as nitrite was also performed by UVVis spectrophotometry. For NO2, significant t tests show good agreement between the results of IC and UVVis methods. The NO2 and SO2 concentrations peaked in the cold season, while their minimum levels were experienced in the warm season. The pollutant levels do not exceed the maximum allowable limit of the Cuban Standard 39:1999, i.e., 40 μg/m3 and 50 μg/m3 for NO2 and SO2, respectively. The lowest pollutant concentrations obtained in the warm season can be attributed to an increase in their removal via precipitation (scavenging) while to the decreased traffic density and industrial emission during the summer holidays (e.g., July and August).
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000319753600053	Publication Date	2012-12-03
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1420-2026; 1573-2967	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:107293			Serial	8501
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Pauwels, D.; Pilehvar, S.; Geboes, B.; Hubin, A.; De Wael, K.; Breugelmans, T.
	Title	A new multisine-based impedimetric aptasensing platform			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Electrochemistry communications	Abbreviated Journal	Electrochem Commun
	Volume	71	Issue		Pages	23-27
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT)
	Abstract	In this work an aptamer-based biosensor is combined with a multisine electrochemical impedance spectroscopy sensing methodology into a novel and promising biosensing strategy. Employing a multisine instead of a traditional single sine measuring method allows the detection and quantification of parameters that provide information about the accuracy and reliability of the results, such as noise and distortions. This does not only lead to a shorter measurement time, but it also enables an easy and fast evaluation of the quality of the data and fitting, leading to more accurate results.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000383445000006	Publication Date	2016-07-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1388-2481; 1873-1902	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.396	Times cited	1	Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 4.396
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:134765			Serial	5746
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Mendonça, C.D.; Rahemi, V.; Hereijgers, J.; Breugelmans, T.; Machado, S.A.S.; De Wael, K.
	Title	Integration of a photoelectrochemical cell in a flow system for quantification of 4-aminophenol with titanium dioxide			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Electrochemistry Communications	Abbreviated Journal	Electrochem Commun
	Volume	117	Issue		Pages	106767-5
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT)
	Abstract	The photoelectrochemical quantification of phenolic compounds such as hydroquinone (HQ) and 4-aminophenol (4-AP) is accomplished by integrating a photoelectrochemical cell into a flow injection analysis (FIA) setup. It is a well-known fact that during the electroanalysis of phenolic compounds, the electrode surface is susceptible to poisoning. However, electrode fouling can be reduced significantly by using the FIA system with periodic washing of the electrode. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are generated on the surface of TiO2 under UV light, can oxidize phenolic compounds such as 4-AP. The oxidized form of 4-AP is reduced back at the electrode surface, generating a measurable signal proportional to its concentration. The factors influencing the perfor-mance of the sensor, such as flow rate, applied potential for back reduction and pH, are investigated in detail. In the concentration range 0.0125-1.0 mu M, a linear correlation between the photocurrent and the concentration of 4-AP was observed with a sensitivity of 0.6 A M-1 cm(-2) and a limit of detection of 18 nM. A straightforward analytical methodology for the on-site, highly sensitive and low-cost quantification of phenolic compounds is presented, based on the use of TiO2 in a photoelectrochemical flow cell.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000552618700004	Publication Date	2020-06-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1388-2481; 1873-1902	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	5.4	Times cited	1	Open Access
	Notes	; The authors thank FAPESP funding for the fellowship to Camila D. Mendonca (Grant #2018/13724-0) and FWO funding (grant 12T4219N and 28761) for the postdoctoral fellowship to Dr. Vanoushe Rahemi and Dr. Jonas Hereijgers. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 5.4; 2020 IF: 4.396
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:169924			Serial	6547
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	Author	Bottari, F.; Moretto, L.M.; Ugo, P.
	Title	Impedimetric sensing of the immuno-enzymatic reaction of gliadin with a collagen-modified electrode			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2018	Publication	Electrochemistry communications	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	97	Issue		Pages	51-55
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	This paper presents a previously unexplored biosensing strategy for detecting gliadin which exploits the crosslinking of gliadin with collagen, catalyzed by transglutaminase at the interfacial electron transfer rate, on a modified electrode. The process is monitored by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy using a glassy carbon electrode coated with a collagen layer. To validate the specificity of the response as well as to eliminate possible interferences from other proteins, such as soy protein or casein, the captured gliadin is further reacted with a specific anti-gliadin antibody. Changes in charge transfer resistance, measured from the Nyquist plots, scale linearly with the gliadin concentration in the range 5-20 mg/L, a range suitable for testing the gliadin concentration in gluten-free food commodities.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000451326800011	Publication Date	2018-10-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1388-2481; 1873-1902	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:156285			Serial	8067
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