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Author |
De Wael, K.; Daems, D.; Van Camp, G.; Nagels, L.J. |
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Title |
The use of potentiometric sensors to study (bio)molecular interactions |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anal Chem |
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Volume |
84 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
4921-4927 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Potentiometric sensors were used to study molecular interactions in liquid environments, with sensorgram methodology. This is demonstrated with a lipophilic rubber-, and with a collagen based hydrogel sensor coating. The investigated molecules were promazine and tartaric acid respectively. The sensors were placed in a hydrodynamic wall jet system for the recording of sensorgrams. mV sensor responses were first converted to a signal, expressing the concentration of adsorbed organic ions. Using a linearization method, a pseudo first order kinetic model of adsorption was shown to fit the experimental results perfectly. Kass, kon and koff values were calculated.. The technique can be used over 4 decades of concentration, and it is very sensitive to low MW compounds as well as to multiply charged large biomolecules. This study is the first to demonstrate the application of potentiometric sensors as an alternative and complement to SPR methods. |
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Wos |
000304783100041 |
Publication Date |
2012-04-28 |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0003-2700; 5206-882x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
6.32 |
Times cited |
10 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; Financial support for this work was provided by the University of Antwerp by granting D.D. a BOF interdisciplinary research project. We thank J. Everaert for his help in interpreting the results. K.D.W. and D.D. contributed equally to this work. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 6.32; 2012 IF: 5.695 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:97520 |
Serial |
5898 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Tytgat, T.; Hauchecorne, B.; Smits, M.; Verbruggen, S.; Lenaerts, S. |
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Title |
Concept and validation of a fully automated photocatalytic test setup |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Journal of laboratory automation |
Abbreviated Journal |
Jala-J Lab Autom |
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Volume |
17 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
134-143 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Photocatalytic activity can be studied by several methods, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. To study photocatalytic activity in an easy, user-friendly, and realistic way, a completely new setup has been built. The setup is modularly constructed around Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy at the heart of it, resulting in great versatility. Complementary software has been written for automatic control of the setup and for processing the generated data. Two pollutants, oil and n-octane, are tested to validate the performance of the setup. These validation experiments confirm the usefulness and added value of the setup in general and of the FTIR detection methodology as well. It becomes clear that a system of online measurements with good repeatability, accuracy, and user-friendliness has been created. |
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Wos |
000304775300006 |
Publication Date |
2014-07-23 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2211-0682 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
2.85 |
Times cited |
15 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research and/or authorship of this article: This work was supported by a Ph.D. grant (T. Tytgat) funded by the Institute of Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT) and by a Ph.D. grant (S. Verbruggen) from the Research Foundation of Flanders (FWO). Other funding was made possible by the University of Antwerp. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.85; 2012 IF: 1.457 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:96649 |
Serial |
5935 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Van Noyen, J.; Middelkoop, V.; Buysse, C.; Kovalevsky, A.; Snijkers, F.; Buekenhoudt, A.; Mullens, S.; Luyten, J.; Kretzschmar, J.; Lenaerts, S. |
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Title |
Fabrication of perovskite capillary membranes for high temperature gas separation |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Catalysis today |
Abbreviated Journal |
Catal Today |
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Volume |
193 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
172-178 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Oxygen-permeable perovskites with mixed ionic-electronic conducting properties can play an important role in carbon capture and storage techniques. Their ability to separate oxygen from air is needed, more specifically, in oxy-fuel and pre-combustion technologies. In this work, the first detailed comparative analysis and new results are reported on four types of Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-delta (BSCF) capillary membranes: non-coated sulphur-containing; catalyst-coated sulphur-containing; non-coated sulphur-free and catalyst-coated sulphur-free. The fabrication of BSCF capillaries by a spinning technique based on phase inversion is further discussed and their oxygen separation performances are interpreted. The comparison of the performance of these different generations of BSCF capillaries of similar dimensions demonstrates a significant impact of the sulphur contamination on both the oxygen flux through the membrane and the activation energy of the overall oxygen transport mechanism. Careful attention is paid to the effect of activation layers on both sulphur-free and sulphur-containing types of capillaries. Additional long-term testing of the sulphur-free BSCF capillaries is presented, where partial decomposition of the membrane surface was observed due to kinetic demixing. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Wos |
000308675900025 |
Publication Date |
2012-04-15 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0920-5861 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4.636 |
Times cited |
9 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors want to express their thanks to the VITO personnel for their continuous support, especially B. Molenberghs, W. Doyen (Separation and Conversion Technology, VITO), R. Kemps, M. Mertens, I. Thijs, M. Schoeters, W. Bouwen and J. Cooymans (Materials Department, VITO). C. Buysse thankfully acknowledges a Ph.D. scholarship provided by VITO and the University of Antwerp. This work is performed in the framework of the German Helmholtz Alliance Project “MEM-BRAIN”, aiming at the development of gas separation membranes for zero-emission fossil fuel power plants. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.636; 2012 IF: 2.980 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:101797 |
Serial |
5951 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Verbruggen, S.W.; Masschaele, K.; Moortgat, E.; Korany, T.E.; Hauchecorne, B.; Martens, J.A.; Lenaerts, S. |
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Title |
Factors driving the activity of commercial titanium dioxide powders towards gas phase photocatalytic oxidation of acetaldehyde |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Catalysis science & technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Catal Sci Technol |
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Volume |
2 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
2311-2318 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
The photocatalytic activity of two commercial titanium dioxide powders (Cristal Global, Millennium PC500 and Evonik, P25) is compared towards acetaldehyde degradation in the gas phase. In contrast to the extensive literature available, we found a higher activity for the PC500 than for the P25 coating. Here, we present a comprehensive characterization of the bulk and surface properties of both powders. Our comparison shows that the material properties that dominate the overall photocatalytic activity in gas phase differ from those required for the photodegradation of water-borne pollutants. |
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Wos |
000310863900020 |
Publication Date |
2012-06-13 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2044-4753; 2044-4761 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
5.773 |
Times cited |
33 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; S.W.V. acknowledges the Research Foundation of Flanders (FWO) for the financial support. J.A.M acknowledges long term funding (Methusalem). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 5.773; 2012 IF: 3.753 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:105162 |
Serial |
5952 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Smits, M.; Ling, Y.; Lenaerts, S.; Van Doorslaer, S. |
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Title |
Photocatalytic removal of soot : unravelling of the reaction mechanism by EPR and in situ FTIR spectroscopy |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
ChemPhysChem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chemphyschem |
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Volume |
13 |
Issue |
18 |
Pages |
4251-4257 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Photocatalytic soot oxidation is studied on P25 TiO2 as an important model reaction for self-cleaning processes by means of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Contacting of carbon black with P25 leads on the one hand to a reduction of the local dioxygen concentration in the powder. On the other hand, the weakly adsorbed radicals on the carbon particles are likely to act as alternative traps for the photogenerated conduction-band electrons. We find furthermore that the presence of dioxygen and oxygen-related radicals is vital for the photocatalytic soot degradation. The complete oxidation of soot to CO2 is evidenced by in situ FTIR spectroscopy, no intermediate CO is detected during the photocatalytic process. |
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Wos |
000313692600026 |
Publication Date |
2012-11-13 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1439-4235 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.075 |
Times cited |
9 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; This work was supported by the University of Antwerp (PhD grants of M. S. and Y.L.). We would like to thank Birger Hauchecorne for the scientific discussion. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.075; 2012 IF: 3.349 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:104568 |
Serial |
5980 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Huyskens, C.; De Wever, H.; Fovet, Y.; Wegmann, U.; Diels, L.; Lenaerts, S. |
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Title |
Screening of novel MBR fouling reducers : benchmarking with known fouling reducers and evaluation of their mechanism of action |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Separation and purification technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sep Purif Technol |
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Volume |
95 |
Issue |
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Pages |
49-57 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
A novel fouling characterization method was applied for a first screening of two novel synthetic flocculants developed by BASF (BASF-1 and BASF-2) and benchmarking with six well-known products. Results showed that this MBR-VITO Fouling Measurement (VFM) was able to identify beneficial and adverse effects of different additives on the mixed liquor's reversible and irreversible fouling and, in combination with supporting mixed liquor analyses, allowed to identify the additive's main working mechanism. The first screening tests indicated that BASF-1 and BASF-2 reduced reversible and irreversible fouling to a similar extent as the known synthetic flocculants due to a charge neutralization mechanism, resulting in enhanced flocculation and SMP removal. Further testing at different additive concentrations provided a first indication of the optimal dosage and revealed a considerable risk of overdosing for BASF-2, rendering it less suited for fouling control. In contrast, such adverse effects were not observed for BASF-1. BASF-1 induced similar beneficial effects as the known MPE50 polymer at lower dosage and was therefore considered promising for application in MBRs. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Wos |
000307032100008 |
Publication Date |
2012-04-26 |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1383-5866 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.359 |
Times cited |
24 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors would like to thank K. Luyckx, J. Fret, L. Heylen, R. Muyshondt, H. Sterckx, J. Verheyden and J. Vande-Velden for technical assistance and V. Iversen for kindly supplying some of the commercial additives. Celine Huyskens is indebted to the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO). The European Commission is acknowledged for financial support to Aquafit4use (FP7, Grant 211534). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.359; 2012 IF: 2.894 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:101903 |
Serial |
5990 |
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Author |
Lizin, S.; Van Passel, S.; De Schepper, E.; Vranken, L. |
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Title |
The future of organic photovoltaic solar cells as a direct power source for consumer electronics |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Solar Energy Materials And Solar Cells |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sol Energ Mat Sol C |
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Volume |
103 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1-10 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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Abstract |
As the search for marketable photovoltaic solar cells continues, organic photovoltaic (OPV) solar cells have been identified as a technology with many attractive features for commercialization. Most photovoltaic technologies on the market today were improved in the consumer electronics market segment. A similar evolution has been envisioned for OPV. Hence this paper investigates consumer preferences for solar cells directly powering consumer electronics. Choice experiments were designed and responses were collected using a random sample of 300 individuals from the Flemish region (northern part of Belgium). Results allow for computation of attribute importance, willingness to pay (WTP), and simulation of theoretical market share. These measures point towards OPV being able to reach considerable market share in the long run, bearing in mind that efforts are first needed in elevating OPV's efficiency and lifetime as they most determine consumers' preferences. Price is found to be the least important product characteristic for OPV solar cells to be incorporated in consumer electronics devices. We therefore warn against generalizing attributes' importance across the boundaries of market segments. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Wos |
000306044300001 |
Publication Date |
2012-05-03 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0927-0248 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4.784 |
Times cited |
25 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors would kindly want to express their gratitude towards every survey respondent and participant for their preliminary work. Also the authors are much obliged to INTERREG and the ORGANEXT project for their financial support, without which it would have been impossible to conduct this research. Last but not least, we would like to thank the reviewers for their insightful comments which allowed for fine tuning our work. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.784; 2012 IF: 4.630 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:127556 |
Serial |
6267 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Witters, N.; Mendelsohn, R.; Van Passel, S.; Van Slycken, S.; Weyens, N.; Schreurs, E.; Meers, E.; Tack, F.; Vanheusden, B.; Vangronsveld, J. |
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Title |
Phytoremediation, a sustainable remediation technology? 2 : economic assessment of CO2 abatement through the use of phytoremediation crops for renewable energy production |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Biomass & Bioenergy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biomass Bioenerg |
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Volume |
39 |
Issue |
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Pages |
470-477 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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Abstract |
Phytoremediation could be a sustainable remediation alternative for conventional remediation technologies. However, its implementation on a commercial scale remains disappointing. To emphasize its sustainability, this paper examines whether and how the potential economic benefit of CO2 abatement for different crops used for phytoremediation or sustainable land management purposes could promote phytotechnologies. Our analysis is based on a case study in the Campine region, where agricultural soils are contaminated with mainly cadmium. We use Life Cycle Analysis to show for the most relevant crops (willow (Salix spp), energy maize (Zea mays), and rapeseed (Brassica napus)), that phytoremediation, used for renewable energy production, could abate CO2. Converting this in economic numbers through the Marginal Abatement Cost of CO2 ( 20 ton−1) we can integrate this in the economic analysis to compare phytoremediation crops among each other, and phytoremediation with conventional technologies. The external benefit of CO2 abatement when using phytoremediation crops for land management ranges between 55 and 501 per hectare. The purpose of these calculations is not to calculate a subsidy for phytoremediation. There is no reason why one would prefer phytoremediation crops for renewable energy production over normal biomass. Moreover, subsidies for renewable energy already exist. Therefore, we should not integrate these numbers in the economic analysis again. However, these numbers could contribute to making explicit the competitive advantage of phytoremediation compared to conventional remediation technologies, but also add to a more sustainably funded decision on which crop should be grown on contaminated land. |
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Wos |
000302829900054 |
Publication Date |
2011-12-20 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0961-9534 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.219 |
Times cited |
38 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.219; 2012 IF: 2.975 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:129863 |
Serial |
6236 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Van Passel, S.; Meul, M. |
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Title |
Multilevel and multi-user sustainability assessment of farming systems |
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A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Environmental Impact Assessment Review |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ Impact Asses |
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Volume |
32 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
170-180 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology |
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Abstract |
Sustainability assessment is needed to build sustainable farming systems. A broad range of sustainability concepts, methodologies and applications already exists. They differ in level, focus, orientation, measurement, scale, presentation and intended end-users. In this paper we illustrate that a smart combination of existing methods with different levels of application can make sustainability assessment more profound, and that it can broaden the insights of different end-user groups. An overview of sustainability assessment tools on different levels and for different end-users shows the complementarities and the opportunities of using different methods. In a case-study, a combination of the sustainable value approach (SVA) and MOTIFS is used to perform a sustainability evaluation of farming systems in Flanders. SVA is used to evaluate sustainability at sector level, and is especially useful to support policy makers, while MOTIFS is used to support and guide farmers towards sustainability at farm level. The combined use of the two methods with complementary goals can widen the insights of both farmers and policy makers, without losing the particularities of the different approaches. To stimulate and support further research and applications, we propose guidelines for multilevel and multi-user sustainability assessments. |
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Wos |
000297874000020 |
Publication Date |
2011-09-21 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0195-9255 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.094 |
Times cited |
49 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.094; 2012 IF: 1.851 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:94186 |
Serial |
6231 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Maes, D.; Van Passel, S. |
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Title |
Interference of regional support policies on the economic and environmental performance of a hybrid cogeneration-solar panel energy system |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Energy Policy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Energ Policy |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
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Pages |
670-680 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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Abstract |
This paper assesses unintentional interference between different public policies promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy. The paper develops a methodology to study the interference by analysing the economic and technical behaviour of a hybrid energy system. The hybrid energy system in this case consists of an existing cogeneration unit extended with a new installation of thermal solar panels. This puts two complementary heating technologies in juxtaposition. The two technologies are supported with distinct regional support instruments in each region. The design and operation of the energy system is optimised from the point of view of the investor according to the different support instruments. The optimal configuration is analysed as well as its effect on reduced CO2-emissions during the lifetime of the project. The methodology is applied to a case-study for two neighbouring regions, the Netherlands and Flanders. The policies in the Netherlands show a beneficial synergy. In Flanders, the hybrid energy system is not interesting, indicating unbalanced high support for cogeneration in this case. From the point of view of the authorities, a more balanced regional policy as in the Netherlands provides a larger CO2-emission reduction for a smaller cost. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Wos |
000301616000066 |
Publication Date |
2012-01-14 |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0301-4215; 1873-6777 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
4.14 |
Times cited |
4 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
; The authors would especially like to thank Davy Duelen for the excellent case-study and data collection that enabled the present paper. The help and information provided by Pierre Gijsen also made the detailed assessment possible. We are also indebted to two anonymous reviewers, whose remarks strongly improved the paper. This project has been financed by the Impulse-project of the tUL (transnational University Limburg). ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.14; 2012 IF: 2.743 |
|
|
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:127558 |
Serial |
6220 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
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|
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Author |
Meul, M.; Van Passel, S.; Fremaut, D.; Haesaert, G. |
|
|
Title |
Higher sustainability performance of intensive grazing versus zero-grazing dairy systems |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Agronomy For Sustainable Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
Agron Sustain Dev |
|
|
Volume |
32 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
629-638 |
|
|
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM) |
|
|
Abstract |
Although grazing of dairy cows is an integral part of dairy farming in many European countries, farmers today more often choose for zero-grazing systems, where cows are housed throughout the year. Some studies already compared grazing and zero-grazing systems for specific issues such as labor efficiency, environmental impact, or animal welfare. In our study, we perform a more integrated evaluation, considering relevant ecological, economic, and social aspects. This allows for a balanced and more complete comparison of the sustainability performance of the two production methods. We evaluated ten intensive grazing and ten zero-grazing specialized Flemish dairy farms on the use of nutrients and energy, productivity and profitability, labor input, and animal welfare. In addition, we put special effort in formulating useful management advice for farmers. Therefore, we combined a detailed analysis of the sustainability indicators with an intensive interaction and discussion with farmers and farm advisors. Results show that, on average, the zero-grazing farms performed significantly worse from an ecological and economic point of view. This fact is explained mainly due to a less efficient use of concentrates and byproducts. Social sustainability performance did not differ significantly between the two groups. As a result, the integrated sustainability performance was significantly lower for the zero-grazing group. This finding shows that a further shift from intensive grazing to zero-grazing can move dairy farming in Flanders further away from sustainability. An important advice to improve the ecological and economic performance of zero-grazing farms is to optimize cows' rations to include more forages and optimize forage production and use. More detailed site- and case-specific management advice for farmers of both groups was provided during a discussion meeting. We consider this an essential additional step to any sustainability evaluation, since progress can only be made when monitoring results are translated into practical measures. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000306061800003 |
Publication Date |
2012-01-11 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1774-0746 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
4.101 |
Times cited |
26 |
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.101; 2012 IF: 3.573 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:127557 |
Serial |
6209 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Compernolle, T.; Van Passel, S.; Weyens, N.; Vangronsveld, J.; Lebbe, L.; Thewys, T. |
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Title |
Groundwater remediation and the cost effectiveness of phytoremediation |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2012 |
Publication |
International Journal Of Phytoremediation |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int J Phytoremediat |
|
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
861-877 |
|
|
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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|
Abstract |
In 1999, phytoremediation was applied at the site of a Belgian car factory to contain two BTEX plumes. This case study evaluates the cost effectiveness of phytoremediation compared to other remediation options, applying a tailored approach for economic evaluation. Generally, when phytoremediation is addressed as being cost effective, the cost effectiveness is only determined on an average basis. This study however, demonstrates that an incremental analysis may provide a more nuanced conclusion. When the cost effectiveness is calculated on an average basis, in this particular case, the no containment strategy (natural attenuation) has the lowest cost per unit mass removed and hence, should be preferred. However, when the cost effectiveness is determined incrementally, no containment should only be preferred if the value of removing an extra gram of contaminant mass is lower than 320. Otherwise, a permeable reactive barrier should be adopted. A similar analysis is provided for the effect determined on the basis of remediation time. Phytoremediation is preferred compared to no containment if reaching the objective one year earlier is worth 7 000. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000304914700004 |
Publication Date |
2012-06-07 |
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Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1522-6514 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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|
Impact Factor |
1.77 |
Times cited |
12 |
Open Access |
|
|
|
Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 1.77; 2012 IF: 1.179 |
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|
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:129862 |
Serial |
6206 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Van Dael, M.; Van Passel, S.; Pelkmans, L.; Guisson, R.; Swinnen, G.; Schreurs, E. |
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Title |
Determining potential locations for biomass valorization using a macro screening approach |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
|
Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Biomass & Bioenergy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biomass Bioenerg |
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Volume |
45 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
175-186 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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Abstract |
European policy states that by 2020 at least 20% of final energy consumption should come from renewable energy sources. Biomass as a renewable energy source cannot be disregarded in order to attain this target. In this study a macro screening approach is developed to determine potential locations for biomass valorization in a specified region. The approach consists of five steps: (1) criteria determination, (2) data gathering, (3) weight assignment, (4) final score, (5) spatial representation. The resulting outcome provides a first well balanced scan of the possibilities for energy production using regional biomass. This way policy makers and investors can be supported and motivated to study the possibilities of building energy production plants at specific locations in more detail, which can be described as a 'micro-screening'. In our case study the approach is applied to determine the potentially interesting locations to establish a biomass project. The region has been limited to the forty-four communities in the province of Limburg (Belgium). The macro screening approach has shown to be very effective since the amount of interesting locations has been reduced drastically. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000308384500019 |
Publication Date |
2012-06-30 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
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ISSN |
0961-9534 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
3.219 |
Times cited |
23 |
Open Access |
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|
Notes |
; The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from INTERREG and the province of Limburg. Special thanks to our colleague Thomas Voets for his effort in making the GIS maps. Moreover, the authors would like to thank the two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 3.219; 2012 IF: 2.975 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:127554 |
Serial |
6178 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
De Schepper, E.; Van Passel, S.; Manca, J.; Thewys, T. |
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Title |
Combining photovoltaics and sound barriers : a feasibility study |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Renewable Energy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Renew Energ |
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Volume |
46 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
297-303 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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Abstract |
In the light of global warming, renewables such as solar photovoltaics (PV) are important to decrease greenhouse gas emissions. An important issue regarding implementation of solar panels on large scale, is the limited available area. Therefore, it can be interesting to combine PV with alternative applications, as a ways of not requiring “additional” space. One example is a photovoltaic noise barrier (PVNB), where a noise barrier located along a highway or railway is used as substructure for PV modules. Even though a PVNB is not a novel concept, the absence of economic assessments in literature can be a barrier to their wider implementation. In this paper, a feasibility study of a PVNB in Belgium is conducted, using a cost benefit analysis including a Monte Carlo sensitivity analysis. Besides purely economic aspects, also ecological benefits are monetized. The sensitivity analysis indicates that the ecological benefit of noise reduction, which is valuated using a noise sensitivity depreciation index applied to real estate prices, is of major importance in determining the net present value of the case study. On the contrary, the impact of reducing CO2 emissions seems to be negligible when expressed in monetary terms. The results suggest that the PVNB as a whole and also its separate components -.e. the PV array and the noise barrier can be profitable projects, when ecological benefits are included. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000305169400036 |
Publication Date |
2012-04-06 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
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|
ISSN |
0960-1481 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
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Impact Factor |
4.357 |
Times cited |
12 |
Open Access |
|
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|
Notes |
; ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 4.357; 2012 IF: 2.989 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:127555 |
Serial |
6170 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Ang, F.; Van Passel, S. |
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Title |
Beyond the environmentalist's paradox and the debate on weak versus strong sustainability |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Bioscience |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bioscience |
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Volume |
62 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
251-259 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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Abstract |
Environmentalists generally argue that ecological damage will (eventually) lead to declines in human well-being. From this perspective, the recent introduction of the “environmentalist's paradox” in BioScience by Raudsepp-Hearne and colleagues (2010) is particularly significant. In essence, Raudsepp-Hearne and colleagues (2010) claimed that although ecosystem services have been degraded, human well-being-paradoxically-has increased. In this article, we show that this debate is in fact rooted in a broader discussion on weak sustainability versus strong sustainability (the substitutability of human-made capital for natural capital). We warn against the reductive nature of focusing only on a stock flow framework in which a natural-capital stock produces ecosystem services. Concretely, we recommend a holistic approach in which the complexity, irreversibility, uncertainty, and ethical predicaments intrinsic to the natural environment and its connections to humanity are also considered. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000301561900008 |
Publication Date |
2012-03-07 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0006-3568 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
|
|
Impact Factor |
5.378 |
Times cited |
17 |
Open Access |
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|
Notes |
; We thank three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. This aiticle has benefited considerably from interesting discussions (especially with Liesbet Vranken) at the 13th Belgian PhD Symposium of Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics, Brussels, on 27 April 2011. We are grateful for the financial support of the European Fund for Regional Development project 475, Closing the Circle. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 5.378; 2012 IF: 4.739 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:127559 |
Serial |
6160 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Jacobs, L.; Buczyńska, A.; Walgraeve, C.; Potgieter-Vermaak, S.; Van Grieken, R.; et al. |
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Title |
Acute changes in pulse pressure in relation to constituents of particulate air pollution in elderly persons |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Environmental research |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
117 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
60-67 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
An increased pulse pressure (difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure) suggests aortic stiffening. The objective of this study was to examine the acute effects of both particulate matter (PM) mass and composition on blood pressure, among elderly persons. We carried out a panel study in persons living in elderly homes in Antwerp, Belgium. We recruited 88 non-smoking persons, 70% women with a mean age of 83 years (standard deviation: 5.2). Blood pressure was measured and a blood sample was collected on two time points, which were chosen so that there was an exposure contrast in ambient PM exposure. The elemental content of the collected indoor and outdoor PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm) mass concentration was measured. Oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (oxy-PAHs) on outdoor PM10 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 μm) were measured. Each interquartile range increase of 20.8 μg/m³ in 24-h mean outdoor PM2.5 was associated with an increase in pulse pressure of 4.0 mmHg (95% confidence interval: 1.86.2), in persons taking antihypertensive medication (n=57), but not in persons not using antihypertensive medication (n=31) (p for interaction: 0.02). Vanadium, iron and nickel contents of PM2.5 were significantly associated with systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure, among persons on antihypertensive medication. Similar results were found for indoor concentrations. Of the oxy-PAHs, chrysene-5,6-dione and benzo[a]pyrene-3,6-dione were significantly associated with increases in systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure. In elderly, pulse pressure was positively associated with acute increases in outdoor and indoor air pollution, among persons taking antihypertensive medication. These results might form a mechanistic pathway linking air pollution as a trigger of cardiovascular events. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000307912900008 |
Publication Date |
2012-06-18 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0013-9351; 1096-0953 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:102569 |
Serial |
7418 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Margui, E.; Hidalgo, M.; Queralt, I.; van Meel, K.; Fontas, C. |
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Title |
Analytical capabilities of laboratory, benchtop and handheld X-ray fluorescence systems for detection of metals in aqueous samples pre-concentrated with solid-phase extraction disks |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
67 |
Issue |
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Pages |
17-23 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
We aimed to achieve improved instrumental sensitivity and detection limits for the analysis of several elements (Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb and Cd) in aqueous samples with energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF). The metals were pre-concentrated from aqueous solutions using commercially available organic-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) disks functionalized with iminodiacetate groups. These thin-layer organic materials provide an ideal support for XRF analysis. The elements were collected on the SPE extraction disks using a simple filtration procedure (starting with 1 L of aqueous sample) that allows direct XRF measurements to be performed in the field (in situ). We evaluated the analytical possibilities and drawbacks of using this pre-concentration procedure in combination with the following XRF configurations: a handheld unit, a benchtop EDXRF system and a high-energy polarized-beam EDXRF instrument (HE-P-EDXRF). Using the HE-P-EDXRF system, the detection limits for all metals were more than one order of magnitude lower than those attained using handheld and benchtop EDXRF instrumentation. For the detection of metal concentrations higher than similar to 20 mu g/L, however, handheld or benchtop systems remain a very good option due to their extreme simplicity of operation and low-cost, compact design. We demonstrate the application of these methodologies, using the three equipment systems, to the analysis of trace concentrations of metals in different types of aqueous samples, including tap water and waste water. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
000302757200003 |
Publication Date |
2011-12-19 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0584-8547; 1873-3565 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:98338 |
Serial |
7454 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Potgieter-Vermaak, S.; Rotondo, G.; Novacovic, V.; Rollins, S.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Component-specific toxic concerns of the inhalable fraction of urban road dust |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Environmental geochemistry and health |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
34 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
689-696 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Continuous global urbanisation causes an ever-growing ecological footprint of pollution. Road dust (RD), one of these pollutants, poses a health concern due to carcinogenic and toxic components potentially present in the micron-sized fractions. The literature reports on the concentrations of trace, toxic metals and metalloids present in RD (Hooker and Nathanail in Chem Geol 226:340-351, 2006), but the literature on its molecular composition is limited. Recent reports on the bioaccessibility of platinum group metals are also reported (Colombo et al. in Chem Geol 226:340-351, 2008). In vitro and animal toxicological studies confirmed that the chemical composition of inhaled particles plays a major role in its toxic, genotoxic and carcinogenic mechanisms, but the component-specific toxic effects are still not understood. Particle-bound airborne transition metals can also lead to the production of reactive oxygen species in lung tissue; a special concern amongst particularly susceptible cohorts (children and elderly). The characterisation of the molecular composition of the fine fraction is evidently of importance for public health. During a pilot study, partially characterised size-fractioned RD samples (Barrett et al. in Eviron Sci Technol 44:2940-2946, 2010) were analysed for their elemental concentration using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. In addition, separately dispersed particles (200 particles per size fraction) were analysed individually by means of computer-controlled electron probe X-ray micro-analysis (CC-EPXMA) and their molecular structure probed by studying elemental associations. These were correlated with micro-Raman spectroscopy (MRS) results. It was found that the fine fraction (< 38 mu m) had the highest Pb (238 ppm) and Cr (171 ppm) concentrations. The CC-EPXMA data showed > 50 % association of Cr-rich particles with Pb, and the MRS data showed that the Cr was mostly present as lead chromate and therefore in the Cr(VI) oxidation state. Concentrations of both Pb and Cr decreased substantially (279 (< 38 mu m)-13 ppm (< 1 mm); 171 (< 38 mu m)-91 ppm (< 1 mm), respectively) in the larger fractions. Apart from rather alarmingly high concentrations of oxidative stressors (Cu, Fe, Mn), the carcinogenic and toxic potential of the inhalable fraction is evident. Preliminary bioaccessibility data indicated that both Cr and Pb are readily mobilised in artificial lysosomal liquid and up to 19 % of Cr and 47 % of Pb were released. |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
000310540300005 |
Publication Date |
2012-09-28 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0269-4042 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:102135 |
Serial |
7699 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Potgieter-Vermaak, S.; Horemans, B.; Anaf, W.; Cardell, C.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Degradation potential of airborne particulate matter at the Alhambra monument : a Raman spectroscopic and electron probe X-ray microanalysis study |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Journal of Raman spectroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
43 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
1570-1577 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
It is well known that airborne particulate matter (APM) has an impact on our cultural heritage. A limited number of articles have been published on the sequential application of elemental and molecular techniques to estimate the degradation potential of APM in environments of cultural heritage importance, and most of these were concerned with indoor environments. The Alhambra monument (Granada, Spain) represents one of the grandest and finest examples of Islamic art and architecture from the Middle Ages. As part of an air quality investigation, two sets of APM were collected at the Hall of the Ambassadors and characterised to determine its potential degradation profile. These were analysed by means of micro-Raman spectroscopy (MRS) and electron probe microanalysis with X-ray detection (EPXMA). The Raman data indicated the presence of various mixed salts of acidic and/or hygroscopic nature, such as sodium and ammonium nitrates and sulfates, especially in the finer fraction. Automated EPXMA estimated this fraction to be as high as 50%. Apart from the potential chemical attack, the soiling due to carbonaceous matter deposition is a real concern. Soot was identified by MRS and EPXMA in all size fractions, reaching values of up to 55%, and was often intertwined with soluble inorganic salts. Ongoing degradation of the pigments is implicated by the presence of brightly coloured particles. MRS and molar abundance ternary diagrams elicited the chemical structure of individual APM so that the degradation potential could be established. |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000311417000008 |
Publication Date |
2012-07-05 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0377-0486 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
|
Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:102570 |
Serial |
7759 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Fenu, A.; De Wilde, W.; Gaertner, M.; Weemaes, M.; de Gueldre, G.; van de Steene, B. |
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Title |
Elaborating the membrane life concept in a full scale hollow-fibers MBR |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Journal of membrane science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
421 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
349-354 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
The membrane life-time has a strong impact on competitivity and viability of MBRs. This study critically analyzes the membrane life-time concept, approaching it through different assessment methods. A full scale MBR's membrane life-time was assessed on the following: (i) maintaining the permeate flow throughput to the MBR; (ii) the permeability decline; (iii) oxidative aging; (iv) the increase in energy costs; and (v) mechanical aging. The method based on permeability decline provides a membrane life-time estimate up to a theoretical end. It was further elaborated inherently to operations with no long-term flux decline. The increase in operating pressure remains the main end-of-life trigger for deciding when to replace membrane modules. On the contrary, mechanical and permeate flow throughput analysis of the data are not able to provide a clear estimate of the membrane life-time. As for the membrane life-time estimation based on chlorine contact, it was found to be too optimistic. Complete irreversible fouling occurs before maximum contact time with chlorine is reached. At end-of-life operating conditions, the energy consumption raised of 170% due to the reduced flow rate. The cost raise appears high but still affordable. Earlier membrane replacement thus can never be counterbalanced by energy costs saving. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Wos |
000308741100039 |
Publication Date |
2012-08-07 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0376-7388 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:101790 |
Serial |
7856 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Abreu, Y.; Cruz, C.M.; van Espen, P.; Pérez, C.; Piñera, I.; Leyva, A.; Cabal, A.E. |
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Title |
Electric field gradient calculations in ZnO samples implanted with 111In(111Cd) |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Solid state communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
152 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
399-402 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
A first-principles study of the electric field gradient (EFG) calculated for ideal and In-111(Cd-111) implanted ZnO samples is reported in the present work. The study was made for ZnO ideal hexagonal structures and supercells were introduced in order to consider the possible implantation environments. The calculation was done using the “WIEN2k” code within the density functional theory, the exchange and correlation effects were determined by the GGA approximation. Three possible In-111(Cd-111) implantation configurations were studied, one substitutional incorporation at cation site and two interstitials. The obtained EFG values for the ideal structure and the substitutional site are in good agreement with the experimental reports measured by perturbed angular correlation (PAC) and high precision nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Thus, the ascription of substitutional incorporation of In-111(Cd-111) probe atom at the ZnO cation site after annealing was confirmed. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000301329200016 |
Publication Date |
2011-12-09 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0038-1098 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:97821 |
Serial |
7857 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Hellar-Kihampa, H.; Potgieter-Vermaak, S.; van Meel, K.; Gatto Rotondo, G.; Kishimba, M.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Elemental composition of bottom-sediments from Pangani river basin, Tanzania : lithogenic and anthropogenic sources |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Toxicological and environmental chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
94 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
525-544 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
River-bed sediments from the Pangani basin, Tanzania, were characterized for elemental compositions, following contamination risks from rapid expansions of human activities in the area. Samples were collected during two individual seasons and analyzed by high-polarizing beam energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) for eight major and 14 trace elements. Evaluation of enrichment factors (EFs) was used to investigate the elemental flux and assess the contributions of natural and anthropogenic influences. The abundances of the major elements followed the order Si > Al > Fe > Ca > K > Ti > Mn > P, similar to that of the upper earth's crust, and were generally from the weathering of the bed-rock. The high concentrations of typical anthropogenic trace-elements (Cr < 160 mg kg−1, V < 85 mg kg−1, Ni < 60 mg kg−1, Cu < 87 mg kg−1, La < 90 mg kg−1) coupled with high EFs (>2) in some locations indicated contamination associated with agricultural and industrial activities. Factor analysis extracted five principal components that contributed to 96.0% of the total observed variance. The results indicated that river-bed sediments of the Pangani basin were influenced to a larger extent by lithogenic sources than anthropogenic impacts. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000304276100007 |
Publication Date |
2012-01-16 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0277-2248 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:97080 |
Serial |
7889 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
De Schepper, V.C.J.; Holvoet, K.M.A.; Benedetti, L.; Seuntjens, P.; Vanrolleghem, P.A. |
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Title |
Extension of the river water quality model no. 1 with the fate of pesticides |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Journal of hydroinformatics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
48-64 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
The existing River Water Quality Model No. 1 (RWQM1) was extended with processes determining the fate of non-volatile pesticides in the water phase and sediments. The exchange of pesticides between the water column and the sediment is described by three transport processes: diffusion, sedimentation and resuspension. Burial of sediments is also included. The modified model was used to simulate the concentrations of diuron and chloridazon in the river Nil. A good agreement was found between the simulated pesticide concentrations and measured values resulting from a four-month intensive monitoring campaign. The simulation results indicate that pesticide concentrations in the bulk water are not sensitive to the selected biochemical model parameters. it seems that these concentrations are mainly determined by the imposed upstream concentrations, run-off and direct losses. The high concentrations in the bulk water were not observed in the sediment pore water due to a limited exchange between the water column and the sediment. According to a sensitivity analysis, the observed pesticide concentrations are highly sensitive to the diffusion and sorption coefficients. Therefore, model users should determine these parameters with accuracy in order to reduce the degree of uncertainty in their results. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000298618300004 |
Publication Date |
2011-10-25 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1464-7141 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:96257 |
Serial |
7954 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Godoi, R.H.M.; Hirata, P.Y.; Bitterncourt, A.V.L.; Godoi, A.F.L.; Potgieter-Vermaak, S.; Gatto Rotondo, G.; Van Grieken, R.; et al. |
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Title |
Geochemical assessment of a subtropical reservoir : a case study in Curitiba, Southern Brazil |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Clean : soil, air, water |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
40 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
364-372 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Suspended particles and dissolved substances in water provide reactive surfaces, influence metabolic activity and contribute to the net sediment deposition. It therefore plays an important part in the ecology and quality of the water mass. The water quality in reservoirs is crucial and it is naturally maintained by flushing and sedimentation, which continuously remove phosphorus from the water. In some reservoirs, however, these removal processes are countered by recycling of ions which could play a key role to start and/or maintain the eutrophic state. The combination of macro-, trace- and microanalysis techniques can be useful to trace pollution sources through a chemical fingerprint, whether be during an acute environmental disaster or a long-term release of pollutants. The water quality and total metal content of reservoir sediments were assessed in a reservoir, situated in the capital of the Paraná State, in the South-Eastern part of Brazil. The goal of this paper was to determine the metal presence in the sediment and metal and ionic speciation in the Green River reservoir water. Water and bed sediment samples, collected from various sites during 2008 and 2009, were investigated using XRF, ICP-OES, ICP-MS, XRD and zeta potential measurements. Based on the results, the heavy metal concentration and chemical composition of the suspended matter in the water samples, as well as the sediment's chemical composition will be discussed. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000302607800005 |
Publication Date |
2012-01-05 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1863-0650 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:96973 |
Serial |
7993 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Vos, P.E.J.; Nikolova, I.; Janssen, S. |
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Title |
A high-order model for accurately simulating the size distribution of ultrafine particles in a traffic tunnel |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Atmospheric environment : an international journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
59 |
Issue |
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Pages |
415-425 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
We present a computational model for simulating the dispersion of traffic emitted particulate matter inside a road tunnel, with an emphasis on the number concentration of ultrafine particles (UFP). The model primarily calculates the size distribution of the particle number concentration at each location inside the tunnel. The proposed model differs from existing models in the sense that it uses a continuous representation of the size distribution based upon the high-order finite element method and that it solves the governing equations using the state-of-the-art discontinuous Galerkin method. Next to the traditional transport processes, the model also implements the most important aerosol transformation processes such as coagulation, condensation and dry deposition. It is shown that based upon parametrisations found in literature, the process of condensation in a traffic tunnel cannot properly be modelled. Therefore, we present a correction factor that allows for a better parametrisation. The adequate performance of the model is demonstrated by both a verification study and a validation study. For the verification we show that the discretisation error converges consistently while for the validation we compare the modelled results with a suitable set of data from a UFP measurement campaign in a Taiwanese traffic tunnel. The model is shown to correctly simulate the observed behaviour and by applying a statistical model evaluation we demonstrate that the proposed model meets widely accepted air quality model acceptance criteria. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000309081100047 |
Publication Date |
2012-05-25 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1352-2310 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:101793 |
Serial |
8033 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Gatto Rotondo, G.; Darchuk, L.; Swaenen, M.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Micro-Raman and SEM analysis of minerals from the Darhib mine, Egypt |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Journal of analytical sciences, methods and instrumentation |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
2 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
42-47 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The Darhib mine is one of the several talc deposits in the Hamata area of southeastern Egypt. Several specimens of minerals coming from this mine were subjected to complementary investigation by micro-Raman spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy. The difficulty in their identification is the appearance of most of them: they are all very small and only visible under the mineral binocular microscope(×10 – ×40). They appear as small crystals in fissures and holes and a visual determination on colour and crystal gives only a guess of what kind of mineral it could be. Therefore, only after analyzing them by micro-Raman and scanning electron microscopy it was possible to identify their structure and they can be divided in three main groups: one is quite generic and several minerals of different species were identified, such as quartz, talc, mottramite and chrysocolla, very common in the talc mine (these ones are Si-based minerals); the other one is constituted by four samples which are Zn and/or Cu rich, which means minerals of the rosasite or aurichalcite groups; the last group is constituted by two samples containing mainly Pb.. |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
2012-03-31 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2164-2745; 2164-2753 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:102567 |
Serial |
8232 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Cataldo,.; Evangelista, H.; Simões, J.C.; Godoi, R.H.M.; Simmonds, I.; Hollanda, M.H.; Wainer, I.; Aquino, F.E.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Mineral dust variability in central West Antarctica associated with ozone depletion |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Atmospheric chemistry and physics discussions |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
12685-12714 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Here we show that mineral dust retrieved from an ice core in the central West Antarctic sector, spanning the last five decades, provides evidence that northerly air mass incursions into Antarctica, tracked by dust microparticles, have slightly declined. This result contrasts with dust in ice core records reported in West/coastal Antarctica, which show significant increases to the present day. We attribute that difference, in part, to changes in the regional climate regime triggered by the ozone depletion and its consequences for the polar vortex intensity. The vortex maintains the Antarctic central region relatively isolated from mid-latitude air mass incursions with implications to the intensification of the Westerlies and to a persistent positive phase of the Southern Annular Mode. We also show that variability of the diameter of insoluble microparticles in central West Antarctica can be modeled by linear/quadratic functions of both cyclone depth (energy) and wind intensity around Antarctica. |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
2012-05-21 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1680-7367 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:102568 |
Serial |
8251 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Cabal Rodríguez, A.E.; Leyva Pernia, D.; Schalm, O.; van Espen, P.J.M. |
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Title |
Possibilities of energy-resolved X-ray radiography for the investigation of paintings |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
402 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1471-1480 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
X-ray radiographic images of paintings often show little or no contrast. In order to increase the contrast in radiographic images we measured the X-ray spectrum of a low power X-ray tube, after passing through the painting, with a high energy-resolution SDD detector. To obtain images, the detector is collimated with a 400 mu m diameter pinhole and the painting was moved through the beam in the x and y-direction using a dwell time of a few seconds per pixel. The data obtained consists of a data cube of, typically, 200 x 200 pixels and a 512-channel X-ray spectrum for each pixel, spanning the energy range from 0 to 40 keV. Having the absorbance spectrum available for each pixel, we are able, a posteriori, to produce images by edge subtraction for any given element. In this way high contrast, element-specific, images can be obtained. Because of the high energy-resolution a much simpler edge subtraction algorithm can be applied. We also used principal-component imaging to obtain, in a more automated way, images with high contrast. Some of these images can easily be attributed to specific elements. It turns out that preprocessing of the spectral data is crucial for the success of the multivariate image processing. |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
000299842000008 |
Publication Date |
2011-07-14 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1618-2642; 1618-2650 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:96200 |
Serial |
8394 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Carniato, L.; Schoups, G.; Seuntjens, P.; Van Nooten, T.; Simons, Q.; Bastiaens, L. |
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Title |
Predicting longevity of iron permeable reactive barriers using multiple iron deactivation models |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Journal of contaminant hydrology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
142 |
Issue |
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Pages |
93-108 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
In this study we investigate the model uncertainties involved in predicting long-term permeable reactive barrier (PRB) remediation efficiency based on a lab-scale column experiment under accelerated flow conditions. A PRB consisting of 20% iron and 80% sand was simulated in a laboratory-scale column and contaminated groundwater was pumped into the column for approximately 1 year at an average groundwater velocity of 3.7E – 1 m d(-1). Dissolved contaminants (PCE. TCE, cis-DCE, trans-DCE and VC) and inorganic (Ca2+, Fe2+, TIC and pH) concentrations were measured in groundwater sampled at different times and at eight different distances along the column. These measurements were used to calibrate a multi-component reactive transport model, which subsequently provided predictions of long-term PRB efficiency under reduced flow conditions (i.e., groundwater velocity of 1.4E -3 m d(-1)), representative of a field site of interest in this study. Iron reactive surface reduction due to mineral precipitation and iron dissolution was simulated using four different models. All models were able to reasonably well reproduce the column experiment measurements, whereas the extrapolated long-term efficiency under different flow rates was significantly different between the different models. These results highlight significant model uncertainties associated with extrapolating long-term PRB performance based on lab-scale column experiments. These uncertainties should be accounted for at the PRB design phase, and may be reduced by independent experiments and field observations aimed at a better understanding of reactive surface deactivation mechanisms in iron PRBs. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Wos |
000312753000009 |
Publication Date |
2012-09-13 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0169-7722 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:106010 |
Serial |
8402 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Haest, P.J.; Springael, D.; Seuntjens, P.; Smolders, E. |
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Title |
Self-inhibition can limit biologically enhanced TCE dissolution from a TCE DNAPL |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Chemosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
89 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
1369-1375 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
Biodegradation of trichloroethene (TCE) near a Dense Non Aqueous Phase Liquid (DNAPL) can enhance the dissolution rate of the DNAPL by increasing the concentration gradient at the DNAPL-water interface. Two-dimensional flow-through sand boxes containing a ICE DNAPL and inoculated with a TCE dechlorinating consortium were set up to measure this bio-enhanced dissolution under anaerobic conditions. The total mass of TCE and daughter products in the effluent of the biotic boxes was 3-6 fold larger than in the effluent of the abiotic box. However, the mass of daughter products only accounted for 19-55% of the total mass of chlorinated compounds in the effluent, suggesting that bio-enhanced dissolution factors were maximally 1.3-2.2. The enhanced dissolution most likely primarily resulted from variable DNAPL distribution rather than biodegradation. Specific dechlorination rates previously determined in a stirred liquid medium were used in a reactive transport model to identify the rate limiting factors. The model adequately simulated the overall TCE degradation when predicted resident microbial numbers approached observed values and indicated an enhancement factor for TCE dissolution of 1.01. The model shows that dechlorination of TCE in the 20 box was limited due to the short residence time and the self-inhibition of the TCE degradation. A parameter sensitivity analysis predicts that the bio-enhanced dissolution factor for this TCE source zone can only exceed a value of 2 if the TCE self-inhibition is drastically reduced (when a TCE tolerant dehalogenating community is present) or if the DNAPL is located in a low-permeable layer with a small Darcy velocity. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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000310112600015 |
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2012-06-30 |
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0045-6535; 1879-1298 |
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UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:102142 |
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8512 |
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