“X ray fluorescence in member states: Belgium: integration of analysis techniques of different scales using X ray induced and electron induced X ray spectrometry for applications in preventive conservation and environmental monitoring”. Van Grieken R, Potgieter-Vermaak S, Darchuk L, Worobiec A, XRF newsletter , 9 (2009)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
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“2-D rotational invariant multi sub band Schrödinger-Poisson solver to model nanowire transistors”. Sels D, Sorée B, Groeseneken G, 14th International Workshop on Computational Electronics, 85 (2010)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT);
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Eckert M (2010) Combined molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations for the deposition of (ultra)nanocrystalline diamond. Antwerpen
Keywords: Doctoral thesis; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
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Ke X (2010) From top-down to bottom-up : from carbon nanotubes to nanodevices. Antwerpen
Keywords: Doctoral thesis; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
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“Polarity-dependent vortex pinning and spontaneous vortex-antivortex structures in superconductor/ferromagnet hybrids”. Bending SJ, Milošević MV, Moshchalkov VV Springer, Berlin, page 299 (2010).
Keywords: H1 Book chapter; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
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Cao S (2010) Quantitative 3D analysis of Ni4Ti3 precipitate morphology and distribution in Ni-Ti by FIB/SEM slice-and-view. Antwerpen
Keywords: Doctoral thesis; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
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De Vis K, Jacobs P, Caen J, Janssens K (2010) The use of glass bricks in architecture in the 19th and 20th centuries : a case study. 194–201
Keywords: P2 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Pyrolysis kinetics of bamboo material”. Potters G, Schoeters G, Tytgat T, Horvath G, Ludecke C, Cool P, Lenaerts S, Appels L, Dewil R, (2010)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
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“Populieren en hun bacteriën : een sanering hoeft niet altijd duur en ingrijpend te zijn”. Compernolle T, Van Passel S, Lebbe L, Vangronsveld J, Thewys T, Nieuwsbrief milieu &, economie 24, 15 (2010)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; Economics
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“Appraisal of measurement methods, chemical composition and sources of fine atmospheric particles over six different areas of Northern Belgium”. Bencs L, Ravindra K, de Hoog J, Spolnik Z, Bleux N, Berghmans P, Deutsch F, Roekens E, Van Grieken R, Environmental pollution 158, 3421 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2010.07.012
Abstract: Daily and seasonal variation in the total elemental, organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) content and mass of PM2.5 were studied at industrial, urban, suburban and agricultural/rural areas. Continuous (optical Dustscan, standard tapered element oscillating micro-balance (TEOM), TEOM with filter dynamics measurement system), semi-continuous (Partisol filter-sampling) and non-continuous (Dekati-impactor sampling and gravimetry) methods of PM2.5 mass monitoring were critically evaluated. The average elemental fraction accounted for 26% of the PM2.5 mass measured by gravimetry. Metals, like K, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb were strongly inter-correlated, also frequently with non-metallic elements (P, S, Cl and/or Br) and EC/OC. A high OC/EC ratio (29) was generally observed. The total carbon content of PM2.5 ranged between 3 and 77% (averages: 1232%), peaking near industrial/heavy trafficked sites. Principal component analysis identified heavy oil burning, ferrous/non-ferrous industry and vehicular emissions as the main sources of metal pollution. This work compares various aerosol monitoring methods to characterize PM2.5 over six locations of different anthropogenic activities over Northern Belgium.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2010.07.012
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“Argentinean prehistoric pigments' study by combined SEM/EDX and molecular spectroscopy”. Darchuk L, Tsybrii Z, Worobiec A, Vázquez C, Palacios OM, Stefaniak EA, Gatto Rotondo G, Sizov F, Van Grieken R, Spectrochimica acta: part A: molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy 75, 1398 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.SAA.2010.01.006
Abstract: Composition of the prehistoric pigments (from Carriqueo rock shelter, Rio Negro province, Argentina) has been analysed by means of molecular spectroscopy (Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and micro-Raman) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled to an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). Red and yellow pigments were recognized as red and yellow ochre. The matrix of the pigments is composed of one or more substances. According to the matrix composition yellow and red pigments were also divided into two groupsi.e. those containing kaolinite or sulphates. Green pigment was detected as green earth, made up of celadonite as a chromophore.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1016/J.SAA.2010.01.006
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“Atmospheric pollution at the Alhambra monument, Granada, Spain: a preventive conservation study”. Kontozova-Deutsch V, Horemans B, Cardell C, Van Grieken R, (2010)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Behavior of semi-volatile particles under a laser and electron beam: influence on the quality of analytical results”. Worobiec A, Potgieter-Vermaak S, Darchuk L, Vishnyakov V, Potgieter H, Van Grieken R, AIP conference proceedings 1267, 523 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1063/1.3482653
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1063/1.3482653
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“Biogeochemical study of a coccolithophore bloom in the northern Bay of Biscay (NE Atlantic Ocean) in June 2004”. Harlay J, Borges AV, van der Zee C, Delille B, Godoi RHM, Schiettecatte L-S, Roevros N, Aerts K, Lapernat P-E, Rebreanu L, Groom S, Daro M-H, Van Grieken R, Chou L, Progress in oceanography 86, 317 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.POCEAN.2010.04.029
Abstract: The present paper synthesizes data obtained during a multidisciplinary cruise carried out in June 2004 at the continental margin of the northern Bay of Biscay. The data-set allows to describe the different stages of a coccolithophore bloom dominated by Emiliania huxleyi. The cruise was carried out after the main spring phytoplankton bloom that started in mid-April and peaked in mid-May. Consequently, low phosphate (PO4 < 0.2 μM) and silicate (DSi < 2.0 μM) concentrations, low partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and high calcite saturation degree in surface waters combined with thermal stratification, probably favoured the blooming of coccolithophores. During the period of the year our cruise was carried out, internal tides induce enhanced vertical mixing at the continental shelf break leading to the injection of inorganic nutrients to surface waters that probably trigger the bloom. The bloom developed as the water-column stratified and as the water mass was advected over the continental shelf, following the general residual circulation in the area. The most developed phase of the bloom was sampled in a remote sensed high reflectance (HR) patch over the continental shelf that was characterized by low chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration in surface waters (<1.0 μg L−1), high particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) concentration (not, vert, similar8 μmol L−1) and coccolithophore abundance up to 57 × 106 cells L−1. Transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) concentrations ranged between 15 and 75 μg C L−1 and carbon content of TEP represented up to 26% of the particulate organic carbon (POC; maximum concentration of 15.5 μmol L−1 in the upper 40 m). Integrated primary production (PP) ranged between 210 and 680 mg C m−2 d−1 and integrated calcification (CAL) ranged between 14 and 140 mg C m−2 d−1, within the range of PP and CAL values previously reported during coccolithophore blooms in open and shelf waters of the North Atlantic Ocean. Bacterial protein production (BPP) measurements in surface waters (0.30.7 μg C L−1 h−1) were much higher than those reported during early phases of coccolithophore blooms in natural conditions, but similar to those during peak and declining coocolithophorid blooms reported in mesocosms. Total alkalinity anomalies with respect to conservative mixing (ΔTA) down to −49 μmol kg−1 are consistent with the occurrence of biogenic precipitation of calcite, while pCO2 remained 15107 μatm lower than atmospheric equilibrium (372 μatm). The correlation between ΔTA and pCO2 suggested that pCO2 increased in part due to calcification, but this increase was insufficient to overcome the background under-saturation of CO2. This is related to the biogeochemical history of the water masses due to net carbon fixation by the successive phytoplankton blooms in the area prior to the cruise, hence, the investigated area remained a sink for atmospheric CO2 despite calcification.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.POCEAN.2010.04.029
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“Composition of aerosols from the shelter of the Chernobyl power plant”. Darchuk L, Worobiec A, Khan V, Krasnov V, Van Grieken R, AIP conference proceedings 1267, 512 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1063/1.3482646
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1063/1.3482646
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“Compositional study of prehistoric pigments (Carriqueo rock shelter, Argentina) by synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction”. Vazquez C, Martin Palacios O, Darchuk L, Marco Parra L-M, Powder diffraction 25, 264 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1154/1.3478884
Abstract: In this work synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction technique was successfully applied for the analysis of pigments found in excavation at Carriqueo rock shelter, Neuquen, Argentina. The pigment samples of orange, red, and brown shades were collected from different levels of this archaeological site and compared with a suspected source of provenance (La Oficina creek). X-ray diffraction patterns of several yellowish, reddish, and red pigments showed the presence of haematite, goethite, kaolinite, and quartz. The majority of Carriqueo collected samples belonged to the same group of the suspected source, having haematite and quartz as main crystalline phases. The results indicate that the raw material from La Oficina is the source of most of the pigments found at Carriqueo. The present work helps us to understand the strategy of supplying raw materials by human groups in the North Patagonia region. (C) 2010 International Centre for Diffraction Data. [DOI: 10.1154/1.3478884]
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1154/1.3478884
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“Do gaseous pollutants and particulate matter endanger our world heritage? A study in the Museum Plantin-Moretus, Antwerp”. Janssen E, Kontozova-Deutsch V, Krupińska B, Moris H, Peckstadt A, van Bos M, Watteeuw L, Van Grieken R, (2010)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Elemental concentrations in aerosols at the Belgian coast versus seasons and air mass trajectories”. van Meel K, Horemans B, Krata A, Bencs L, Buczyńska AJ, Dirtu AC, Worobiec A, Van Grieken R, Environmental chemistry letters 8, 157 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1007/S10311-009-0203-4
Abstract: Marine aerosols have extensively been monitored in the framework of a research project to investigate the inorganic and organic nutrient fluxes of the atmospheric nitrogen input into the North Sea. As a part of this project bulk analysis was also performed by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) on a total of 366 samples in order to provide detailed elemental composition. Samples have been clustered per campaign and differences were related to backward trajectories. Elements as Cl, Si, and S appeared to be the best tracers for coastal aerosols. Therefore they have been chosen to represent each campaign and to map the seasonal variations. It is clear that Cl is an excellent tracer for oceanic trajectories, while a less clear correlation between the soil dust components and the air mass trajectories is found.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP); Toxicological Centre
DOI: 10.1007/S10311-009-0203-4
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“Enthalpy model for heating, melting, and vaporization in laser ablation”. Alexiades V, Autrique D, Electronic journal of differential equations , 1 (2010)
Abstract: Laser ablation is used in a growing number of applications in various areas including medicine, archaeology, chemistry, environmental and materials sciences. In this work the heat transfer and phase change phenomena during nanosecond laser ablation of a copper (Cu) target in a helium (He) background gas at atmospheric pressure are presented. An enthalpy model is outlined, which accounts for heating, melting, and vaporization of the target. As far as we know, this is the first model that connects the thermodynamics and underlying kinetics of this challenging phase change problem in a selfconsistent way.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
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“Heavy metal analysis around Iskenderun Bay in Turkey”. Čevik U, Koz B, Makarovska Y, X-ray spectrometry 39, 202 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1002/XRS.1250
Abstract: The heavy metal analysis around Iskenderun Bay in Turkey was carried out using mosses, soils, mussels, and sediments. This region is one of the most industrial areas of Turkey, including iron-steel plants, beverage, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) plants, and oil transfer docks. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (Epsilon 5, PANalytical, Almelo, The Netherlands) was used to analyze all samples. V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Pb elements were observed in all samples studied. Although Ce was detected in some mosses and soils, Sn was detected only in some moss samples. Pb concentrations in the moss samples are higher than the soil, the mussel, and the sediment samples. This can be attributed to the mosses that absorb heavy metals such as Pb easily from the air. As the aim of this study was to analyze heavy metals, the evaluation of these elements with their potential hazards for ecology and humans is briefly discussed
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1002/XRS.1250
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“Highly sensitive and selective voltammetric sensor fullerene modified glassy carbon electrode for determination of cefitizoxime in solubilized system”. Jain R, Rather JA, Dwivedi A, Vikas, Electroanalysis 22, 2600 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1002/ELAN.201000243
Abstract: The usefulness of fullerene modified glassy carbon electrode in mediating the reduction of cefitizoxime in solubilized system has been demonstrated. Due to the unique structure and extraordinary properties, fullerene shows higher catalytic efficiency towards cefitizoxime reduction. The kinetic parameters, electron transfer coefficient (α) and rate constant (K0) across the modified electrode are 0.37 and 0.1081/s respectively. The proposed square-wave voltammetric method is linear over the concentration range 1.210.3 µg/mL. The limit of detection (LOD) is found 0.27 ng/mL. High sensitivity and selectivity together with low detection limit of the electrode response make it suitable for the determination of cefitizoxime.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1002/ELAN.201000243
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“Inferring episodic atmospheric iron fluxes in the Western South Atlantic”. Evangelista H, Maldonado J, dos Santos EA, Godoi RHM, Garcia CAE, Garcia VMT, Johnson E, da Cunha KD, Leite CB, Van Grieken R, van Meel K, Makarovska Y, Gaiero DM, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 44, 703 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2009.11.018
Abstract: Iron (Fe) and other trace elements such as Zn, Mn, Ni and Cu are known as key-factors in marine biogeochemical cycles. It is believed that ocean primary productivity blooms in iron deficient regions can be triggered by iron in aeolian dust. Up to now, scarce aerosol elemental composition, based on measurements over sea at the Western South Atlantic (WSA), exist. An association between the Patagonian semi-desert dust/Fe and chlorophyll-a variability at the Argentinean continental shelf is essentially inferred from models. We present here experimental data of Fe enriched aerosols over the WSA between latitudes 22°S62°S, during 4 oceanographic campaigns between 2002 and 2005. These data allowed inferring the atmospheric Fe flux onto different latitudinal bands which varied from 30.4 to 1688 nmolFe m−2 day−1 (October 29thNovember 15th, 2003); 5.831586 nmolFe m−2 day−1 (February 15thMarch 6th, 2004) and 4.73586 nmolFe m−2 day−1(October 21stNovember 5th, 2005).
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2009.11.018
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“Integrated analytical techniques for the characterisation of environmental particles”. Potgieter-Vermaak S, Van Grieken R, Potgieter JH, Spectroscopy Europe 22, 12 (2010)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Interfaced SEM/EDX and micro-Raman spectrometry for characterisation of heterogeneous environmental particles: fundamental and practical challenges”. Worobiec A, Potgieter-Vermaak S, Brooker A, Darchuk L, Stefaniak E, Van Grieken R, Microchemical journal 94, 65 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.MICROC.2009.09.003
Abstract: The molecular character of atmospheric particulate matter is of prime importance when interpreting air pollution trends and its subsequent influence on environmental monitoring and preventative conservation. The known methods of estimating the molecular composition normally involve elemental analysis of particles (both as bulk and computer controlled analyses of single particles) with subsequent multivariate analyses to clusterise the elements in groups of elements that are closely related to each other. With this approach one can at best suggest associations. Evidently the application of molecular spectroscopy in addition to elemental concentration profiles would provide intimate information regarding the nature of the particles and consequently their fate. This paper gives an overview of research performed in our laboratory and describes the optimisation of experimental parameters to use scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray detection (SEM/EDX) or electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPXMA) in parallel with micro-Raman Spectrometry (MRS) to investigate single environmental particles. The challenges associated with the two stand-alone techniques are revealed and consequently those posed with an interfaced approach are discussed. Preliminary results, of an initial investigation of the SEM/EDX interfaced with MRS to ultra-fine heterogeneous environmental particles, are given.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1016/J.MICROC.2009.09.003
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“Investigation of inclusions trapped inside Libyan desert glass by Raman microscopy”. Swaenen M, Stefaniak EA, Frost R, Worobiec A, Van Grieken R, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 397, 2659 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1007/S00216-009-3351-2
Abstract: Several specimens of Libyan desert glass (LDG), an enigmatic natural glass from Egypt, were subjected to investigation by micro-Raman spectroscopy. The spectra of inclusions inside the LDG samples were successfully measured through the layers of glass and the mineral species were identified on this basis. The presence of cristobalite as typical for high-temperature melt products was confirmed, together with co-existing quartz. TiO2 was determined in two polymorphic species rutile and anatase. Micro-Raman spectroscopy proved also the presence of minerals unusual for high-temperature glasses such as anhydrite and aragonite.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1007/S00216-009-3351-2
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“Measuring gaseous and particulate pollutants: instruments and instrumental problems”. Rosenberg E, De Santis F, Kontozova-Deutsch V, Odlyha M, Van Grieken R, Vichi F page 115 (2010).
Keywords: H2 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Monitoring of some major volatile organic compounds on board of chemical tankers”. Jacobs W, Dubois D, Aerts D, Declerck P, Stranger M, Buczyńska A, Godoi A, Van Grieken R, Journal of maritime research 7, 3 (2010)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Monte Carlo simulation of X-ray spectra from low energy electrons using optical data”. Roet D, van Espen P, Nuclear instruments and methods in physics research: B: beam interactions with materials and atoms 268, 2794 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.NIMB.2010.07.004
Abstract: An approach using optical data to simulate both the bremsstrahlung continuum and characteristic K and L X-ray lines generated by low energy electrons (cfr. electron microscopy) in solids is discussed in this paper. The necessary analytical expressions together with the data to calculate the relevant cross sections for elastic and inelastic interactions at these energies along with variance reduction techniques are given. The results of the Monte Carlo simulation are compared to experimental data measured with a JEOL 6300 electron microscope.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.NIMB.2010.07.004
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“Passive samplers for monitoring VOCs in groundwater and the prospects related to mass flux measurements”. Verreydt G, Bronders J, van Keer I, Diels L, Vanderauwera P, Ground water monitoring and remediation 30, 114 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1111/J.1745-6592.2010.01281.X
Abstract: Measurement and interpretation of mass fluxes in favor of concentrations is gaining more and more interest, especially within the framework of the characterization and management of large-scale volatile organic carbon (VOC) groundwater contamination (source zones and plumes). Traditional methods of estimating contaminant fluxes and discharges involve individual measurements/calculations of the Darcy water flux and the contaminant concentrations. However, taken into account the spatially and temporally varying hydrologic conditions in complex, heterogeneous aquifers, higher uncertainty arises from such indirect estimation of contaminant fluxes. Therefore, the potential use of passive sampling devices for the direct measurement of groundwater-related VOC mass fluxes is examined. A review of current passive samplers for the measurement of organic contaminants in water yielded the selection of 18 samplers that were screened for a number of criteria. These criteria are related to the possible application of the sampler for the measurement of VOC mass fluxes in groundwater. This screening study indicates that direct measurement of VOC mass fluxes in groundwater is possible with very few passive samplers. Currently, the passive flux meter (PFM) is the only passive sampler which has proven to effectively measure mass fluxes in near source groundwater. A passive sampler for mass flux measurement in plume zones with regard to long-term monitoring (several months to a year) still needs to be developed or optimized. A passive sampler for long-term monitoring of contaminant mass fluxes in groundwater would be of considerable value in the development of risk-based assessment and management of soil and groundwater pollutions.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1111/J.1745-6592.2010.01281.X
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“Preconcentration methods for the analysis of liquid samples by X-ray fluorescence techniques”. Marguí, E, Van Grieken R, Fontàs C, Hidalgo M, Queralt I, Applied spectroscopy reviews 45, 179 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1080/05704920903584198
Abstract: This article gives an overview of the state-of-the-art of multi-element and single-element preconcentration procedures prior to X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis of liquid samples. Many of these preconcentration methods were developed long ago and the purpose of this review is to present some new efficient variations of these methods and new techniques extending the possibilities of XRF for liquid solutions analysis. In addition, trends and future perspectives in this domain are also commented on and discussed in the last section of the review.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1080/05704920903584198
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