“XRS activities at the Micro &, Trace Analysis Centre (MiTAC), University of Antwerp, Belgium”. Padilla R, Janssens K, van Espen P, Van Grieken R, IAEA XRF newsletter 12, 13 (2006)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
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“Non-invasive and non-destructive examination of artists’ pigments, paints and paintings by means of X-ray imaging methods”. Vanmeert F, De Meyer S, Gestels A, Clerici EA, Deleu N, Legrand S, Van Espen P, Van der Snickt G, Alfeld M, Dik J, Monico L, De Nolf W, Cotte M, Gonzalez V, Saverwyns S, Depuydt-Elbaum L, Janssens K page 317 (2022).
Abstract: Recent studies in which X-ray beams of (sub)micrometre to millimetre dimensions have been used for non-destructive analysis and characterization of pigments, minute paint samples and/or entire paintings from fifteenth to twentieth century artists are discussed. The overview presented encompasses the use of laboratory and synchrotron radiation-based instrumentation and deals with the use of several variants of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) as a method of elemental analysis and imaging as well as with the combined use with X-ray diffraction (XRD). Microscopic XRF (μ-XRF) is a variant of the XRF method able to visualize the elemental distribution of key elements, mostly metals, on the scale from 1 μm to 100 μm present inside multi-layered micro samples taken from paintings. In the context of the characterization of artists’ pigments subjected to natural degradation, in many cases the use of methods limited to elemental analysis or imaging does not suffice to elucidate the chemical transformations that have taken place. However, at synchrotron facilities, combinations of μ-XRF with related methods such as μ-XAS (microscopic X-ray absorption spectroscopy) and μ-XRD have proven themselves to be very suitable for such studies. Since microscopic investigation of a relatively limited number of minute paint samples may not yield representative information about the complete artefact they were taken from, several methods for macroscopic, non-invasive imaging have recently been developed. Combined macroscopic XRF/XRD scanning is able to provide a fairly complete overview of the inorganic pigments employed to create a work of art, to answer questions about ongoing degradation phenomena and about its authenticity. As such these newly developed non-invasive and highly specific imaging methods are of interest for many cultural heritage stakeholders.
Keywords: H1 Book chapter; Art; Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES); Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS)
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-86865-9_11
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“Background aerosol composition at Gobabeb, South West Africa”. Annegarn H, Van Grieken R, van Espen P, von Blottnitz F, Sellschop J, Winchester J, Maenhaut W, Madoqua , 107 (1976)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
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“Classification of coal mine dust particles through fuzzy clustering of their energy-dispersive electron microprobe X-ray spectra”. Bondarenko I, van Espen P, Treiger B, Van Grieken R, Adams F, Microbeam analysis 3, 33 (1994)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
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“IDAS: a new Windows based software for multivariate analysis of atmospheric aerosol composition data bases”. Bondarenko I, Treiger B, Van Grieken R, van Espen P page 308 (1995).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
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“IDAS: a Windows based software package for cluster analysis”. Bondarenko I, Treiger B, Van Grieken R, van Espen P, Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy 51, 441 (1996)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
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“Manufacturing techniques and production defects of 16th-17th century majolica tiles from Antwerp (Belgium)”. Vandevijvere M, Van de Voorde L, Caen J, van Espen P, Vekemans B, Vincze L, Schalm O page 169 (2013).
Keywords: H2 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
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“Morphology and fractal dimension of soot and carbon black aggregates determined by image analysis”. Smekens A, Vervoort M, Pauwels J, Berghmans P, van Espen P, Van Grieken R, (1998)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
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“Prediction of Mα/L&alpha, intensity ratios and the use in the spectra evaluation”. Trincavelli J, Montoro S, Van Grieken R, van Espen P, (1992)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
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“Study of the main physical processes contributing to image formation in emission radiography using mathematical modeling”. Leyva Pernia D, Cabal Rodríguez AE, Schalm O, van Espen P, Piñera Hernández I, Abreu Alfonso Y, (2013)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
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“Sulfur and heavy metals over the Atlantic Ocean : comparison with other marine data”. Maenhaut W, Selen A, van Espen P, Van Grieken R, Winchester JW, (1980)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
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