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“Geoquimica dos microclasticos da Bacio do Parnaiba”. Mabesoone JM, Duarte PJ, Van Grieken R, Delgao A, Freire EMP page 30 (1985).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Gevolgen van luchtverontreiniging op historische gebouwen”. Roekens E, Van Grieken R, Ons erfdeel 30, 361 (1987)
Keywords: A2 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“The half-life of 28Al”. Van Schandevijl R, Van Grieken R, Hoste J, Journal of radioanalytical chemistry 9, 55 (1971). http://doi.org/10.1007/BF02514012
Abstract: The half-life of28Al was redetermined on aluminium samples of different origin. Three different counting techniques were applied. The availability of highly purified samples (up to 99.9999%), the use of very fast electronic counting equipment and a complete automatisation allowed a good precision to be obtained in the final result of 2.2405 min.
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1007/BF02514012
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Van Grieken RE, Markowicz AA (2002) Handbook of X-ray spectrometry. 1016 p
Keywords: ME2 Book as editor or co-editor; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Health risk assessment of urban suspended particulate matter with special reference to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: a review”. Ravindra K, Mittal AK, Van Grieken R, Reviews on environmnetal health 16, 169 (2001)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Heavy metal distribution in sediments of Krishna River basin, India”. Ramesh R, Subramanian V, Van Grieken R, Environmental geology and water sciences 15, 207 (1990)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Heavy metal distribution in the Godavari river basin”. Biksham G, Subramanian V, Ramanathan A, Van Grieken R, Environmental geology and water sciences 17, 117 (1991)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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Vanmeert F (2019) Highly specific X-ray powder diffraction imaging at the macroscopic and microscopic scale
Abstract: At or below the surface of painted works of art, valuable information is present that provides insights into an object’s past, such as the artist’s technique and the creative process that was followed or its conservation history, but also on its current state of preservation. Typically, a (very) limited set of small paint samples is taken which provide direct access to the individual paint layers. The chemical build-up of these layers can then be investigated in great detail using various microscopic analytical methods. However, in recent years a new trend towards both elemental and chemical imaging techniques has been set which are capable of visualizing the (often) heterogeneous composition of painted objects on a macroscopic scale. In this dissertation, various forms of specificity attainable with X‑ray powder diffraction (XRPD) imaging are explored: at the chemical, material and spatial level. This high specificity is illustrated throughout several applications stemming from the field of cultural heritage, both at the macroscopic (MA) and microscopic (µ) scale. As a first step, XRPD imaging was transformed to a transportable instrument that can be employed for the in situ investigation of artworks, e.g., inside museums and conservation workshops. With this unique instrument large‑scale maps (cm2 – dm2) reflecting the distribution of crystalline phases on/below the surface of flat painted artefacts can be visualized in a noninvasive manner. In this way compound-specific information was attained which can be related to original pigments or materials that have been added in a later stage and even degradation/secondary products that have formed spontaneously inside the paint layers. Additionally, with MA‑XRPD imaging it was possible to link quantitative information of pigment compositions and preferred orientation effects to the 2D compound‑specific distribution images, allowing for a further distinction between very similar artists’ materials. Furthermore, promising results for the limited depth-selectivity of this technique, obtained by exploiting the small shift in the position of the diffraction signals originating from the layered sequence of the pigments, are shown. Finally, a minute paint sample from Wheat stack under a cloudy sky by Van Gogh was investigated at a synchrotron radiation facility with tomographic µ‑XRPD imaging at the microscopic scale. The high chemical and spatial specificity of this imaging method was exploited to further elucidate the degradation pathway of the red lead pigment.
Keywords: Doctoral thesis; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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Abreu Alfonso Y (2014) Hyperfine parameters and radiation damage in semiconductors and superconducting materials. 126 p
Keywords: Doctoral thesis; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“IDAS: a new Windows based software for multivariate analysis of atmospheric aerosol composition data bases”. Bondarenko I, Treiger B, Van Grieken R, van Espen P page 308 (1995).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
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“IDAS: a Windows based software package for cluster analysis”. Bondarenko I, Treiger B, Van Grieken R, van Espen P, Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy 51, 441 (1996)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
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“Identification and distribution of metal soaps and oxalates in oil and tempera paint layers in fifteenth-century altarpieces using synchrotron radiation Techniques”. Salvadó N, Butí S, Pradell T, Beltran V, Cinque G, Juanhuix J page 195 (2019).
Abstract: The formation and distribution of metal soaps produced as a result of the reactivity and aging of the materials in a fifteenth-century egg tempera and oil paintings on wood are presented. The painting technique involves the application of several paint layers over a ground using, sometimes in the same paint layer sequence, drying oil and egg yolk binders. We show, with a selection of examples, how the use of thin sections and a combination of various micro-sensitive analytical techniques is adequate to obtain the high-quality data necessary for the unambiguous identification of metal soaps and metal oxalates as well as their distribution in the paint layers. The techniques include micro infrared spectroscopy (μSR-FTIR) and micro X-ray diffraction (μSR-XRD) with synchrotron radiation, optical microscopy (OM), and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The data obtained sheds light about the underlying reaction and aging mechanisms happening in each paint layer and among them. This helps to define the state of conservation of the artworks.
Keywords: H1 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90617-1_11
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“Identification of inorganic and organic microliths in kidney sections by laser microprobe mass analysis (LAMMA)”. Verbueken A, Verpooten G, Nouwen E, de Broe M, Van Grieken R, (1986)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
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de Nolf W (2013) Imaging of crystalline phase distributions by means of scanning and tomographic X-ray powder diffraction. 407 p
Keywords: Doctoral thesis; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Increased erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity in psoriatics consuming high-selenium drinking water at the dead-sea psoriasis treatment center”. Shani J, Livshitz T, Robberecht H, Van Grieken R, Rubinstein N, Even-Paz Z, Pharmacological research communications 17, 479 (1985). http://doi.org/10.1016/0031-6989(85)90083-9
Abstract: Erythrocyte selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase activity was measured in psoriatic Danes, before and after their four-week balneological therapy at the Ein-Bokek International Psoriasis Treatment Center, on the Dead-Sea shore in Israel. The drinking water in Ein-Bokek was found to be rich in selenium, a trace element with anticarcinogenic properties and of great importance in human nutrition and health. The most reliable biological parameter for increase in selenium bioavailability is the erythrocytes' glutathione-peroxidase activity. As psoriasis is a proliferative skin disease, the activity of this enzyme was assayed in 35 psoriatic Danes and in 25 long-term local hotel workers, as well as in 34 volunteers drinking low-selenium water. The glutathione peroxidase activity in the psoriatic patients increased significantly during their four-week stay in Ein-Bokek. Erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity in the hotel workers was 50% higher than that in the healthy volunteers consuming low-selenium water. A possible role of selenium in psoriasis is suggested.
Keywords: A3 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0031-6989(85)90083-9
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“Individual particle analysis by automated EPMA for the improvement of source apportionment for remote aerosols”. Storms H, Artaxo P, Bruynseels F, Van Grieken R page 343 (1987).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Individual particle analysis of sediments from the Gulf of Lions, suspensions from the Rhône river and dust of Saharan origin: preliminary results”. Wegrzynek D, Eisma D, Van Grieken R, (1992)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Individual particle analysis of Western Mediterranean sediment cores, Rhône suspended matter and Sahara aerosols: investigation of inputs to the sediments”. Wegrzynek D, Jambers W, Van Grieken R, Eisma D, Marine chemistry 57, 25 (1997)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Indoor air quality assessment of elementary schools in Curitiba, Brazil”. Godoi RHM, Avigo D, Campos VD, Tavares TM, de Marchi MRR, Van Grieken R, Godoi AFL, Water, air, and soil pollution : focus 9, 171 (2009). http://doi.org/10.1007/S11267-009-9220-3
Abstract: The promotion of good indoor air quality in schools is of particular public concern for two main reasons: (1) school-age children spend at least 30% of their time inside classrooms and (2) indoor air quality in urban areas is substantially influenced by the outdoor pollutants, exposing tenants to potentially toxic substances. Two schools in Curitiba, Brazil, were selected to characterize the gaseous compounds indoor and outdoor of the classrooms. The concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the isomers xylenes (BTEX); NO2; SO2; O3; acetic acid (HAc); and formic acid (HFor) were assessed using passive diffusion tubes. BTEX were analyzed by gas chromatographyion trap mass spectrometry and other collected gasses by ion chromatography. The concentration of NO2 varied between 9.5 and 23 µg m−3, whereas SO2 showed an interval from 0.1 to 4.8 µg m−3. Within the schools, BTEX concentrations were predominant. Formic and acetic acids inside the classrooms revealed intermediate concentrations of 1.5 µg m−3 and 1.2 µg m−3, respectively.
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1007/S11267-009-9220-3
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“The influence of black carbon on the crystallization point of salt aerosol”. Even A, ten Brink HM, Khlystov A, Smekens A, Berghmans P, Van Grieken R, Journal of aerosol science 31, 336 (2000)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Influence of fixation procedures on the microanalysis of lead-induced intranuclear inclusions in rat kidney”. Vandeputte DF, Jacob WA, Van Grieken RE, The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry 38, 331 (1990). http://doi.org/10.1177/38.3.2154517
Abstract: Using Laser Microprobe Mass Analysis (LAMMA), we studied the chemical composition of lead-induced intranuclear inclusions in rat kidney tissue prepared by three different wet chemical fixation procedures for transmission electron microscopy. Fixation with glutaraldehyde-Na2S gave the same results as fixation with glutaraldehyde only: a high lead concentration could be detected. Therefore, for lead strongly bound to proteins, precipitation procedures are not essential. Post-fixation with osmium tetroxide drastically changed the composition of the inclusions: the lead concentration decreased substantially, while sodium, calcium, and barium were introduced. The osmium tetroxide fixative was found to be the source of the contamination. It also contained aluminum, and we suggest that other proteins (e.g., in neurofibrillary tangles) might be able to take up Al out of solution and that care must be exercised in interpreting the microanalytical results of osmium-fixed material. For the microanalysis of the lead inclusions, fixation with glutaraldehyde only provides a good compromise between preservation of the ultrastructure and maintenance of the element distribution.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1177/38.3.2154517
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“Influence of gaseous and particulate air pollutants on stained glass windows: case study in the Basilica Saint Urbain in Troyes, France”. Kontozova V, Godoi RHM, Spolnik Z, Worobiec A, Deutsch F, Van Grieken R, (2005)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
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Anaf W (2014) The influence of particulate matter on cultural heritage : chemical characterisation of the interaction between the atmospheric environment and pigments. 319 p
Keywords: Doctoral thesis; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Influence on photoplate evaluation parameters in spark source mass spectrometric analysis”. Verbueken A, Van Grieken R, Bulletin des sociétés chimiques belges 90, 331 (1981)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Inorganic compounds of atmospheric aerosols”. Claes M, Gysels K, Van Grieken R, Harrison RM page 95 (1998).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Integrated analytical techniques for analysing individual environmental particles”. Potgieter-Vermaak S, Van Grieken R, Potgieter JH page 123 (2012).
Keywords: H2 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Integrated analytical techniques for the characterisation of environmental particles”. Potgieter-Vermaak S, Van Grieken R, Potgieter JH, Spectroscopy Europe 22, 12 (2010)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Integration of analysis techniques of different scales using X ray induced and electron induced X ray spectrometry for applications in preventive conservation and environmental monitoring”. Van Grieken R, Darchuk L, Kontozova V, Potgieter-Vermaak S, van Meel K, Stefaniak E, Worobiec A page 53 (2011).
Abstract: In the past years, and also within the framework of this CRP, we have used a combination of several nuclear and non-nuclear techniques in fundamental research and especially in various applications. Most work has been done with energy-dispersive X ray fluorescence in combination with electron probe X ray microanalysis, but several other more common analysis techniques have been used as well. The applications have included mostly preventive conservation (e.g. characterisation of damaging atmospheric particles in many museums) and environmental monitoring (e.g. for atmospheric particles in relation to their health effects in outdoor and especially indoor environments). Fundamental aspects have been in the optimising of interfaced electron microprobe and Raman microprobe analysis and the evaluation of the potential of such an instrument for atmospheric aerosols; quite a few unexpected and unpredicted problems have appeared in the latter study.
Keywords: H2 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
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“Interpretation of aerosol trace metal particle size distributions”. Johansson TB, Van Grieken RE, Winchester JW page 356 (1975).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Introduction: considering the role of X-ray spectrometry in chemical analysis and outlining the volume”. Van Grieken R page 1 (2004).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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