“Corrosive marine atmosphere investigations in Tanzania: exposure sites and preliminary results”. Mmari AG, Potgieter-Vermaak SS, Uiso CBS, Makundi IN, Potgieter JH, Van Grieken R, Newsletter of the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry Project , 13 (2007)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Current applications of XRF and micro-XRF techniques in environmental and industrial fields”. Van Grieken R, Injuk J page 29 (1999).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Damages caused to European monuments by air pollution: assessment and preventive measures”. Saiz-Jimenez C, Brimblecombe P, Camuffo D, Lefèvre R-A, Van Grieken R page 91 (2004).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Detection of ammomium compounds at the single particle level”. Otten P, Rajsic S, Van Grieken R, (1987)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Determination of BTEX by GCMS in air of offset printing plants: comparison between conventional and ecological inks”. Godoi AFL, Sawada EY, de Marchi MRR, Van Grieken R, Godoi RHM, Water, air, and soil pollution : focus 9, 163 (2009). http://doi.org/10.1007/S11267-009-9219-9
Abstract: The use of inks containing organic solvents by the offset printing process implies in the release of volatile organic compounds to the work environment. Many of these compounds such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the xylene isomers (well known by the acronym BTEX) are extremely toxic. In this study, the BTEX concentrations were determined in two different printing plants that use distinct types of inks: the conventional and the so-called ecological, which is manufactured based on vegetal oil. Concentration ranges were 4384, 153,480, 2133, 5459, and 2236 μg m−3 for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m + p-xylene, and o-xylene, respectively, for the conventional printing plant. At the ecological printing plant, concentration ranges were below limit of detection (<LD)-31, <LD-618, <LD-1,690, <LD-10,500, <LD-3,360 μg m−3 for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m + p-xylene, and o-xylene, respectively. BTEX concentrations are lower at the ecological printing environment than in the conventional, where mineral oil-based inks are used. However, the worker who cleans the printing matrices is exposed to high concentrations of ethylbenzene and xylenes, due probably to the cleaning products composition (containing high amounts of BTEX). Although the BTEX concentrations found in both printing work environments were below the limits considered by the Brazilian Law for Activities and Unhealthy Operations (NR-15), the exposure to such vapors characterizes risk to the workers health for some of the evaluated samples, mainly the personal ones.
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1007/S11267-009-9219-9
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“Determination of light elements in marine aerosols by grazing-emission X-ray fluorescence”. Schmeling M, Van Grieken R, (1999)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Determination of rare earth elements in geological materials by total reflection X-ray fluorescence”. Muia LM, Van Grieken R, Analytica chimica acta 251, 177 (1991)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Determination of ultra-trace levels of palladium in environenmental samples by graphite furnace atomic spectrometry techniques”. Bencs L, Ravindra K, Van Grieken R page 173 (2006).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Direct detection of sulfate and nitrate layers on sampled marine aerosols by laser microprobe mass analysis”. Bruynseels F, Van Grieken R, Atmospheric environment 19, 1969 (1985). http://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(85)90023-X
Abstract: The direct detection of sulfate and nitrate layers on sampled marine aerosols was carried out by laser microprobe mass analysts.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0004-6981(85)90023-X
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“Dispersal of suspended matter in Makasar Strait and the Flores Basin”. Eisma D, Kalf J, Karmini M, Mook WG, Van Put A, Bernard P, Van Grieken R, Netherlands journal of sea research 24, 383 (1989). http://doi.org/10.1016/0077-7579(89)90116-6
Abstract: In November 1984 in Makasar and the Flores Basin water samples were collected (T, S, dissolved O2, total CO2), bottom samples (sediment composition) and suspended matter (particle composition, particle size). A sediment trap was moored in the Flores Basin at 4600 m depth for nearly four months, covering the dry season. In the Flores Basin there are indications for bottom flow resuspending bottom material or preventing suspended material from settling; in Makasar Strait there is probably inflow of deep water both from the south and from the north, resulting in a very slow bottom water flor. Bottom deposits in Makasar Strait and the Flores Basin are predominantly terrigenous, with an admixture of organic carbonate and silica (mostly coccoliths). Volcanic material is primarily present near to the volcanoes in the south and reaches the deeper basins by slumping. In the suspended matter no volcanic particles and little planktonic material were found, although the latter form 10 to 15% of the top sediment and of the material deposited in the sediment trap. In suspension particles with a large concentration of tin (Sn) were found associated mainly with iron. They probably come from northern Kalimantan or northern Sulawesi. Suspended matter concentrations were mainly less than 0.5 mg·dm−3, only off the Mahakam river mouth were concentrations higher than 1 mg·dm−3. Particle size was erratic because of the variable composition of the coarser particles in suspension. Organic matter concentrations in suspension (in mg·dm−3) roughly follow the distribution of total suspended matter but organic content (in %) of the suspended matter does not show any trends. All organic matter in suspension is of marine origin except in the Mahakam river and estuary. Deposition rates, as estimated from the sediment trap results, are 150 mg·cm−2·a−1 for the total sediment, 26 mg·cm−2·a−1 for carbonate and 13 mg·cm−2·a−1 for organic matter. Flocs and fibres in suspension were only found in and below the Mahakam river plume that reaches ca 400 km from the river mouth to the southeast, and in surface waters associated with plankton (diatoms). The formation of these flocs (broken-up macroflocs or marine snow) is primarily related to particle concentration, turbulence, and the presence of organisms that produce sticky material or glue particles together.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0077-7579(89)90116-6
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“Dispersion of heavy metals”. Van Grieken R page 319 (1998).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Distribution and composition of suspended matter around Sumbawa Island, Indonesia”. Eisma D, van Put A, Van Grieken R, Mitteilungen aus dem Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institut der Universität Hamburg 70, 137 (1992)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Do gaseous pollutants and particulate matter endanger our world heritage? A study in the Museum Plantin-Moretus, Antwerp”. Janssen E, Kontozova-Deutsch V, Krupińska B, Moris H, Peckstadt A, van Bos M, Watteeuw L, Van Grieken R, (2010)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Doped albumin : stndardization possibilities for LAMMA-analysis of thin freeze-dried cryosections of biological tissue”. Verbueken AH, Jacob WA, Frederik PM, Busing WM, Hersten RC, Van Grieken RE, Journal de physique 45, 561 (1984)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Dry aerosol deposition over the North Sea estimated from aircraft measurements”. Rojas CM, Otten PM, Van Grieken RE, Laane R page 419 (1991).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Effect of pollution on sandy limestones of a historical cathedral in Belgium”. Keppens E, Roekens E, Van Grieken R, (1985)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Effecten van luchtverontreiniging op historische gebouwen”. Leysen L, Roekens E, Van Grieken R, (1987)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Effects of air pollution and microclimate on stained glass windows: prliminary results in the Sainte Chapelle (Paris)”. Bernardi A, Becherini F, Kontozova V, Godoi RHM, Van Grieken R, Deutsch F page 133 (2004).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Effects of air pollution on historic buildings and monuments (1986-1990): scientific basis for conservation: analytical study of the weathering of building stones under field-exposure conditions”. Van Grieken R, Vleugels G, Sweevers E, Dewolfs R, European cultural heritage newsletter on research 8, 2 (1994)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Effects of marine spray and air pollution on monuments in the Mediterranean coastal environment”. Torfs K, Van Grieken R page 170 (1996).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Electron energy-loss spectroscopy and its application to individual particle analysis”. Xhoffer C, Jacob W, Van Grieken R, Broekaert JAC, Buseck P, (1992)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Electron microprobe observations of recrystallization affecting PIXE-analysis of marine aerosol deposits”. Storms H, Van Dyck P, Van Grieken R, Maenhaut W, Journal of trace and microprobe techniques 2, 103 (1985)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Electron probe micro-analysis and laser microprobe mass analysis of material, leached from a limestone cathedral”. Leysen LA, De Waele JK, Roekens EJ, Van Grieken RE, Scanning microscopy 1, 1617 (1987)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Electron probe X-ray microanalysis for the assessment of homogeneity of candidate reference materials at the nanogram level”. Hoornaert S, Treiger B, Van Grieken R, Valkovic V page 29 (1996).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“The elemental composition and microstructure of soot emitted by different sources”. Smekens A, Knupfer M, Berghmans P, Van Grieken R, Journal of aerosol science 31, 917 (2000)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Elemental composition of PM2.5 in Araraquara City (Southeast Brazil) during seasons with and without sugar cane burning”. Silva FS, Godoi RHM, Tauler R, de André, PA, Saldiva PHN, Van Grieken R, de Marchi MRR, Journal of environmental protection 6, 426 (2015). http://doi.org/10.4236/JEP.2015.65041
Abstract: Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter below 2.5 μm (PM2.5), present in polluted air, has been associated with a large spectrum of health impairments, mainly because of its deep deposition into the lungs. Araraquara City (Southeast Brazil) is surrounded by sugar-cane plantations, which are burned to facilitate the harvesting; this process causes environmental pollution due to the large amounts of soot that are released into the atmosphere. In this work, the elemental composition of PM2.5 was studied in two scenarios, namely in sugar-cane harvesting (HV) and in non-harvesting (NHV) seasons. The sampling strategy included one campaign in each season. PM2.5 was collected using a dichotomous sampler (10 L·min-1, 24 h) with PTFE filters. Information concerning the bulk elemental concentration was provided by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence. Enrichment factor analysis indicated that S, Cl, K, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb were highly enriched relative to their crustal ratios (to Al). Principal component analysis was used to get some insight about the sources of the elements. Principal component 1 (PC1) explained 30.5% of data variance. The elements that had high loading (>0.7) were: S, Cr, As, and Pb; these are associated with combustion of fossil fuels. In principal component 2 (PC2), Cl, Cu, Zn, and Cd showed high loadings; these elements are associated with biomass burning. The Ni concentration found is three times larger than the threshold of risk for lung cancer, as recommended by the World Health Organization.
Keywords: A2 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.4236/JEP.2015.65041
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“Elemental constituents of atmospheric aerosols in Recife, North-East Brazil”. Van Grieken R, Van 't dack L, Costa Dantas C, Moura de Amorim W, Maenhaut W, Environmental pollution: series B : chemical and physical 4, 143 (1982). http://doi.org/10.1016/0143-148X(82)90025-8
Abstract: Few data are available on the inorganic atmospheric pollution in the rapidly expanding cities of South America, like Recife, on the Atlantic Coast of North-east Brazil. Therefore, the elemental composition of atmospheric aerosols was investigated for nine sites in the Recife conurbation and a fairly remote site in the area. Total aerosol samples were collected on cellulose filters for analysis by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence and cascade impactors were used to collect the aerosols as a function of particle size for subsequent analysis by proton-induced X-ray emission. Local soil aliquots were also analysed. About eighteen elements were quantified in all cases. The average total atmospheric concentrations appeared to be well above natural levels but usually lower than, or comparable with, those of North American and European cities. Dispersal of sea spray and of local soil (often contaminated with, for example, Cu, Zn and Pb from industrial sources) contributes predominantly to the total atmospheric load in Recife. However, the particle size fraction results also indicated strong excesses in the small particle mode for S, K, V, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br and Pb, mainly in the downtown area. Again, the corresponding enrichment factors were only moderate in comparison with other published urban data.
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0143-148X(82)90025-8
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“Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis of geological materials in borax beads using Tertian's binary coefficient approach combined with internal standard addition”. Muia LM, Van Grieken R, X-ray spectrometry 20, 179 (1991)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence for direct trace analysis of biomedical and environmental samples”. Van Grieken R, Robberecht H, Shani J, Van Dyck P, Vos L page 159 (1982).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence for trace metals analysis of water”. Vanderborght B, Van Grieken R page 1 (1975).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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