Abstract: Fourier transform laser microprobe mass spectrometry (FT LMMS) has been developed for the molecular analysis of both organic and inorganic components at the surface of microobjects with the ultimate specificity of high-mass resolution. These capabilities are needed in numerous applications of practical material analysis, such as tracing back anomalies in microobjects. The purpose of this paper is to address representative example from industrial trouble shooting, in which organic and inorganic analytes in a single microparticle have been identified unambiguously. This motivates the research to extend the methodology towards quantification. This paper deals with the fundamental aspect of information depth, specifically for inorganic molecular adduct ions. Finally, data will show the quantitative capabilities of FT LMMS. A suitable methodology for the preparation of reference specimens has allowed the empirical calibration of the response as a function of the local concentration to be achieved.

Abstract: http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.1065

Abstract: Recently, the original benchmarking methodology of the Sustainable Value approach became subjected to serious debate. While Kuosmanen and Kuosmanen (2009b) critically question its validity introducing productive efficiency theory, Figge and Hahn (2009) put forward that the implementation of productive efficiency theory severely conflicts with the original financial economics perspective of the Sustainable Value approach. We argue that the debate is very confusing because the original Sustainable Value approach presents two largely incompatible objectives. Nevertheless, we maintain that both ways of benchmarking could provide useful and moreover complementary insights. If one intends to present the overall resource efficiency of the firm from the investor's viewpoint, we recommend the original benchmarking methodology. If one on the other hand aspires to create a prescriptive tool setting up some sort of reallocation scheme, we advocate implementation of the productive efficiency theory. Although the discussion on benchmark application is certainly substantial, we should avoid the debate to become accordingly narrowed. Next to the benchmark concern, we see several other challenges considering the development of the Sustainable Value approach: (1) a more systematic resource selection, (2) the inclusion of the value chain and (3) additional analyses related to policy in order to increase interpretative power.