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Author |
Cong, S. |
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Title |
Numerical study on low-pressure hollow cathode argon arc plasma |
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Doctoral thesis |
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Year |
2021 |
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XIX, 126 p. |
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Doctoral thesis; Philosophy; Educational sciences; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Abstract |
The low-pressure hollow cathode discharge made of a hollow circular tube and an anode is a type of simple structure discharge system. In particular, under the arc discharge mode, hollow cathodes have high plasma density and energy density with a wide range of adaptability of pressure and current. Low-pressure hollow cathode arc (HCA) discharges have been widely used as plasma sources in various fields such as manufacturing, vacuum welding, and aerospace since the 1960s. Despite the early experimental and applied researches on low-pressure HCA discharges, the basic theoretical study was relatively lagged much behind, resulting in many unanswered questions, such as the optimal discharge operating parameters, the power deposition inside the cathode, the causes of plasma instability, and how to effectively reduce cathode erosion and so on. Due to the special discharge structure of the hollow cathode, it is difficult to make an accurate experimental diagnosis, so a reasonable numerical simulation is an effective study method. However, up to now, there is still a lack of complete and effective numerical models which can evaluate various physical fields in the low-pressure hollow cathode discharges. To address the above problems and difficulties, a comprehensive and self-consistent 2D multi-physical coupling numerical model based on a commercial program of finite element method, the COMSOL Multiphysics, was provided in this paper. The model involves plasma transport, arc flow and heat transfer, and cathode thermal equilibrium, and can consider the effect of an applied magnetic field. The processes of secondary electron emission, thermal-field electron emission, ions and backflow high-energy electrons bombardment, and thermal radiation from the cathode surface are considered in the cathode thermal equilibrium process. Based on the above background, this paper works from the following aspects： In Chapter 1, the basic concepts of low-pressure HCA discharge including the hollow cathode effect, the basic characteristics, and operation modes were introduced firstly; Secondly, the application fields, development history, and overseas and domestic research status of hollow cathode discharge were reviewed; finally, the problems were presented and the research background was explained, and the research purpose of this paper was clarified. In Chapter 2, a complete and self-consistent numerical model of low-pressure hollow cathode discharge was proposed based on the fundamental theory and assumptions, and the set of control equations and boundary conditions in the model were elaborated. In addition, the electron energy distribution function, the collision processes, the solving tools of this model, and calculation schemes were introduced in detail. Finally, a validation example was given to test the rationality and applicability of the numerical model. In Chapter 3, the fundamental plasma properties of low-pressure hollow cathode arcs were investigated. Firstly, the ion Joule heating effect was studied. The results showed that the temperature distributions of the arc and cathode are only able to approach the experimental measurements after considering the ion Joule heating, which shows that the Joule heating of ions is crucial for the heating of the arc plasma. Secondly, by comparing the radial distribution of electron and ion density inside the cathode, the structure of the cathode sheath could be simulated well using this model. Finally, it was shown that the thermal radiation from the cathode surface is an important cooling mechanism of the cathode and only under higher surface emissivity can balance the larger heat flow given by the plasma to the cathode, and the temperature distribution of the cathode shows a non-monotonic increasing trend and is consistent with the profile of experimental measurement so that the so-called active zone is formed. In Chapter 4, the power deposition in the low-pressure HCA was studied in simulation. Two main aspects were considered: the power deposition into particles (both electrons and heavy particles) and the power deposition onto the cathode. It was found that the deposited power into particles increases with the rise of discharge current, but there is no effect on the total power deposition onto the cathode. In high-density plasmas, Coulomb collisions between electrons and ions also become very important, especially since a portion of the deposition energy on heavy particles comes mainly from the energy transfer from electrons to ions. It was also found that regardless of external parameters, half of the power deposition onto the cathode always comes from the particle contribution, while the other half is the net contribution of heat transfer and cathode radiation. The HCA model also allows the simulation of multiple discharge modes for low-pressure HCA discharges over a wide range of gas flow rates. It was also shown that the discharge operating conditions and the external magnetic field can change the distribution of the particle flow on the cathode wall. In Chapter 5, the ion sputtering erosion process on the cathode was simulated by coupling the HCA numerical model with the moving grid technique. The results showed that the ion sputtering erosion on the cathode depends on the ion flux and the plasma potential near the cathode wall and that their distribution and magnitude jointly determine the erosion morphology of the cathode. It was also found that the location of the most severe erosion on the cathode is located in the region of the densest ion flux on the cathode wall, rather than in the longitudinal correspondence with the central region of the internal positive column (IPC). The external magnetic fields can mitigate the cathode erosion and reduce the erosion depth, but stronger magnetic fields lead to a concentration of current density at the cathode tip, which can enhance erosion slightly at the cathode outlet end. Finally, the conclusions and innovation highlights were summarized, and prospects for future work were discussed. |
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Most recent IF: NA |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:178725 |
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8323 |
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Author |
Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Ocean-atmosphere interactions and oil pollution |
Type |
P3 Proceeding |
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Year |
1974 |
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P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:117457 |
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8325 |
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Author |
Deutsch, F.; Stranger, M.; Kaplinskii, A.E.; Samek, L.; Joos, P.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
On the impact of precipitation amount on the concentration of elements and ions in urban aerosol particles |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
2003 |
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Atmospheric and oceanic optics |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
10 |
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850-855 |
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A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:43561 |
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8330 |
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Author |
Callebaut, D.K.; Makarovska, Y. |
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Title |
On the relationship between current and magnetic field in ring-filaments |
Type |
P1 Proceeding |
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Year |
1998 |
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150 |
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111-114
T2 - IAU Colloquium 167 on New Perspective |
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Keywords |
P1 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
There is a type of filament that forms dosed contours encircling regions of one polarity of magnetic field, while the surrounding region has the opposite polarity One distribution of ring-filaments has sizes 2R = 40,000 to 160,000 km with the maximum around 100,000 km; the other distribution (with filaments and filament channels) has bigger sizes, with a maximum around 300,000 km. At low and mid latitudes the radial component B-rs (radial for the Sun) in the region outlined by filaments varies from 50 to 100 gauss, while the longitudinal component B-phi varies from 10 to 30 gauss. The total current inside the filament is 10(10) – 10(11) A, the ratio R/a approximate to 5 to 10, the magnetic flux crossing the surface is approximate to 10(21) – 10(22) MX; th, magnetic energy is approximate to 10(29) – 10(31) erg. Polar ring-filaments at latitudes 60 degrees-80 degrees are related to the polar magnetic field reversal and the quasi-flare processes at the poles during the field reversal. Correlation between B-rs and B-phi for the polar filament bands cannot be satisfactorily explained. A theoretical model using the conservation laws is used to study the relations between the various fields, currents, etc, of shrinking polar ring-filaments and their evolution. According to this theory ring-filaments should rise higher above the photosphere when shrinking. However, observations show that the height lowers. Presumably the discrepancy is due to the lack of dissipation in the model. |
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000076565100020 |
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1-886733-70-8 |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:95844 |
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8333 |
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Author |
de Hoog, J.; Osán, J.; Worobiec, A.; Ro, C.-U.; Szalóki, I.; Joos, P.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Optimisation of light element analysis of individual particles using UTW-EPMA |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Journal of aerosol science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
31 |
Issue |
S1 |
Pages |
388-389 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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0021-8502; 1879-1964 |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:31642 |
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8336 |
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Author |
Robberecht, H.; Van Grieken, R.; Van der Sloot, H.A. |
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Title |
OPtimized selenite determination in environmental waters by X-ray fluorescence |
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H3 Book chapter |
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Year |
1980 |
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463-468
T2 - Analytical techniques in environmenta |
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H3 Book chapter; Pharmacology. Therapy; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:117482 |
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8343 |
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Kontozova, V.; Godoi, R.; Krata, A.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Oszklenie ochronne i jego wpływ na średniowieczne okna witrazowe: z perspektywy chemii atmosfery: studium przypadku kaplica Sainte Chapelle w Paryzu |
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A3 Journal article |
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2007 |
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Analityka |
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3 |
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20-25 |
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A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:65079 |
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8349 |
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Mozo, I.; Lacoste, L.; Aussenac, J.; De Cocker, P.; Vlaeminck, S.E.; Sperandio, M.; Caligaris, M.; Barillon, B.; Martin Ruel, S. |
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Title |
Overcoming the challenges for mainstream deammonification on municipal wastewater in warm and cold areas |
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P3 Proceeding |
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2016 |
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3 p.
T2 - 13th IWA Leading-Edge Conference on Wate |
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P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:151137 |
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8351 |
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Margui, E.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Overview of most commonly used analytical techniques for elemental analysis |
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A3 Journal article |
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2014 |
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Petro Industry News |
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8-10 |
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A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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1472-0590 |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:114599 |
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8352 |
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Mabesoone, J.M.; Farias, C.C.; Van Grieken, R.; Duarte, P.J.; Delgado, A.; Freira, E.M.P. |
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Title |
Parnaiba Basin shales (Northeast Brazil) |
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A1 Journal article |
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1985 |
Publication |
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências |
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57 |
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481-495 |
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A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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0001-3765; 1678-2690 |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:116716 |
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8357 |
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Wegrzynek, D.; Van Grieken, R.; Eisma, D. |
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Title |
Particle analysis of sediments from the Gulf of Lions, suspended matter from the Rhone river, and Sahara dust |
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H3 Book chapter |
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1994 |
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51-60
T2 - Particles and particle-water interactio |
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H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:9525 |
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8358 |
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Dekov, V.; van Alsenoy, V.; Onar, N.; van Put, A.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Partitioning of heavy metals between estuarine sediments and dissolved phase as a function of salinity, pH and time (Scheldt estuary) |
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A1 Journal article |
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2001 |
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Geologica Balcanica |
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30 |
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3/4 |
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65-76 |
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A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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0324-0894 |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:36086 |
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8362 |
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Verreydt, G.; Bronders, J.; van Keer, I.; Diels, L.; Vanderauwera, P. |
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Title |
Passive samplers for monitoring VOCs in groundwater : prospects related to mass flux measurements |
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P3 Proceeding |
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2011 |
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P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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978-1-907161-16-2 |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:110412 |
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8364 |
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Author |
van de Vijver, F.L.; Vanheule, A.O.; Verbueken, A.H.; Van Grieken, R.; d'Haese, P.; Visser, W.J.; Bekaert, A.B.; Buyssens, N.; de Broe, M.E. |
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Title |
Patterns of iron storage in patients with severe renal failure |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
1984 |
Publication |
Contributions to nephrology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
38 |
Issue |
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Pages |
153-166 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; Pathophysiology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP) |
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ISSN |
0302-5144 |
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UA library record |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116707 |
Serial |
8366 |
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Author |
Peeters, B.; Safdar, S.; Carlier, B.; Spasic, D.; Daems, D.; Lammertyn, J. |
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Title |
PCR amplified DNAzyme-amplicons for generic solid-phase antimicrobial resistance screening |
Type |
P1 Proceeding |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
971-974
T2 - Transducers 2019 : Eurosensors XXXIII |
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Keywords |
P1 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Fiber optic surface plasmon resonance (FO-SPR) has shown its potential for the detection of nucleic acids and more recently the technology has been combined with catalytic active strands such as DNAzymes. In this work, an innovative, generic solid-phase DNA sensor concept is presented, based on FO-SPR and PCR amplified DNAzyme activity. Improved levels of specificity and sensitivity were obtained down to picomolar concentrations. Moreover, the FO-SPR sensor concept enables AuNP amplified DNA target detection, independent of the target sequence length. The FO-SPR sensor was demonstrated for the screening of the mobile colistin resistance (MCR-2) gene, a gene important for the antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative species such as E. Coli. |
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000539487000245 |
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UA library record; WoS full record |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:166108 |
Serial |
8367 |
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Author |
Robberecht, H.; Deelstra, H.; vanden Berghe, D.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Percentage selenium in consumed belgian feeding |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Revue des fermentations et des industries alimentaires |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
37 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
188-201 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Wos |
A1982QX42300003 |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0035-2071 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:167192 |
Serial |
8369 |
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Author |
Buysse, C. |
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Title |
Perovskite capillaries for gas separation in sustainable energy production |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
201 p. |
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Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:90548 |
Serial |
8373 |
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Author |
Brunekreef, B.; Janssen, N., A.H.; de Hartog, J., J.; Oldenwening, M.; Meliefste, K.; Hoek, G.; Lanki, T.; Timonen, K., L.; Vallius, M.; Pekkanen, J.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Personal, indoor, and outdoor exposures to PM2.5 and its components for groups of cardiovascular patients in Amsterdam and Helsinki |
Type |
Minutes and reports |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Minutes and reports; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:51816 |
Serial |
8374 |
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Author |
Vanderborght, B.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Perspectieven voor energie-dispersieve X-stralen fluorescentie bij de wateranalyse |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Hydrographica |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
1 |
Issue |
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Pages |
19-26 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116643 |
Serial |
8375 |
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Author |
Smits, M. |
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Title |
Photocatalytic degradation of diesel soot : from application to reaction mechanism |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
160 p. |
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Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
978-90-5728-415-1 |
Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:108803 |
Serial |
8380 |
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Author |
Liu, X.; Van Winckel, T.; Kjellerup, B.V.; Takacs, I.; Sturm, B.; Vlaeminck, S.E.; Al-Omari, A.; Murthy, S.; De Clippeleir, H. |
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Title |
Pinpointing bioflocculation limitations for enhanced carbon management in high-rate activated sludge |
Type |
P3 Proceeding |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
6 p.
T2 - WEF Nutrient Symposium 2017, 12 - 14 Jun |
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Keywords |
P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Additional Links |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:151118 |
Serial |
8384 |
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Author |
Bencs, L.; Ravindra, K.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Platinum : environmental pollution and health effects |
Type |
H2 Book chapter |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
580-595
T2 - Encyclopedia of environmental health |
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Keywords |
H2 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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ISBN |
978-0-444-52273-3 |
Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:93109 |
Serial |
8390 |
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Author |
Trincavelli, J.; Montoro, S.; Van Grieken, R.; van Espen, P. |
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Title |
Prediction of Mα/Lα intensity ratios and the use in the spectra evaluation |
Type |
P3 Proceeding |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3) |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:2863 |
Serial |
8405 |
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Author |
Tsuji, K.; Spolnik, Z.; Wagatsuma, K.; Nullens, R.; Van Grieken, R.E. |
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Title |
Preliminary experiments on grazing-exit electron probe microanalysis (GE-EPMA) |
Type |
P1 Proceeding |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
119-122
T2 - Electron Microscopy and Analysis 1999 |
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Keywords |
P1 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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000088782800027 |
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UA library record; WoS full record |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:27602 |
Serial |
8408 |
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Author |
Goossenaerts, C.; Verbueken, A.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Preliminary LAMMA investigations on healthy and acid rain affected spruce needles |
Type |
P3 Proceeding |
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Year |
1986 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:117511 |
Serial |
8409 |
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Author |
Gielis, J.; Potters, G. |
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Title |
Proceedings of the 9th World Bamboo Congress, Antwerp 2012 |
Type |
P3 Proceeding |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
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Keywords |
P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:97756 |
Serial |
8413 |
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Author |
Jochems, P. |
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Title |
Process intensification by immobilization of \beta-galactosidase on a mixed matrix membrance : galacto-oligosaccharides production as a case study |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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Pages |
199 p. |
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Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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ISBN |
978-90-5728-430-4 |
Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:111811 |
Serial |
8415 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Tavkhelidze, I.; Gielis, J. |
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Title |
The process of cutting GMLmn bodies with dm-knives |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Sn – 1512-0066 |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
32 |
Issue |
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Pages |
67-70 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:159971 |
Serial |
8417 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Van Grieken, R.; Wollast, R. |
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Title |
Progress in Belgian oceanographic research : proceedings of symposium, Brussels, 3-5 March 1985 |
Type |
ME3 Book as editor |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
479 p. |
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Keywords |
ME3 Book as editor; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:117474 |
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8422 |
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Author |
Alloul, A. |
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Purple bacteria as microbial protein source : technology development, community control, economic optimization and biomass valorization |
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2019 |
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212 p. |
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Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Food production is a cornerstone in contemporary industrial societies. Its production requires land, water and enormous amounts of fertilizers. These precious fertilizers enter the linear food chain and suffer from a cascade of inefficiencies, resulting in detrimental effects to the environment. A radical transforming of the current food production chain is, therefore, essential to guarantee a sustainable future for humanity. This thesis has studied the production of microbial protein (i.e. single-cell protein), which is the use of microorganisms such as yeast, fungi, algae and bacteria as protein ingredient for animal feed. The type of microorganisms targeted in this thesis were purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB). These bacteria are an extremely heterogenic group that contain photosynthetic pigments and are able to perform anoxygenic photosynthesis. The core focus of the thesis was technology development for the production of PNSB as a source of microbial protein on wastewater and fresh fertilizers. In the final stage of this research, it was the objective to explore the potential of PNSB as a nutritious feed ingredient for shrimp. Overall, this work has provided the building blocks to transform the conventional food production chain. The findings show that PNSB production and biomass valorization is within reach. Further pilot implementation and cost reduction will facilitate the introduction of PNSB production in future’s wastewater treatment plants and the valorization of the biomass as nutritious animal feed ingredient. |
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978-90-5728-636-0 |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:164820 |
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8430 |
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