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“Composition and size of individual particles from a gold mine atmosphere”. Annegarn HJ, Storms H, Van Grieken RE, Booth-Jones PA, Mining science &, technology 5, 111 (1987). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-9031(87)90345-8
Abstract: Airborne dust particles were collected in a return airway of a South African gold mine using a 7-stage, single-orifice cascade impactor. Between 70 and 130 individual particles were analysed on each stage using automated electron-probe x-ray microanalysis (EPXMA). Particle size and shape parameters are given for different classes of particles sorted by elemental composition. Silicon-rich particles are the most abundant overall, while chlorine-rich particles dominate (up to 80%) in the range 0.21.0 μm. It is shown that EPXMA characterisation of particles can be used to infer relative contributions of various particle sources and dust generating processes to the total dust concentrations in mine atmospheres. An understanding of the nature and source of particles is essential for any source control strategy. We conclude that the EPXMA technique merits inclusion in the repertoire of techniques used for characterising underground dust.
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0167-9031(87)90345-8
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“Inorganic deterioration affecting the Altamira Cave, N Spain: quantitative approach to wall-corrosion (solutional etching) processes induced by visitors”. Sánchez-Moral S, Soler V, Cañaveras JC, Sanz-Rubio E, Van Grieken R, Gysels K, The science of the total environment 243/244, 67 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00348-4
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00348-4
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“Indoor air quality at the Correr Museum, Venice, Italy”. Camuffo D, Brimblecombe P, Van Grieken R, Busse H-J, Sturaro G, Valentino A, Bernardi A, Blades N, Shooter D, de Bock L, Gysels K, Wieser M, Kim O, The science of the total environment 236, 135 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00262-4
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00262-4
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“Chemical composition of sediments, suspended matter, river and ground water of the Nile (Aswan-Sohag transvers)”. Dekov VM, Komy Z, Araujo F, van Put A, Van Grieken R, The science of the total environment 201, 195 (1997). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(97)84057-0
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(97)84057-0
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“Heavy metals in sediments from the Paraguay river: a preliminary study”. Facetti J, Dekov VM, Van Grieken R, The science of the total environment 209, 79 (1998). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(97)00299-4
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(97)00299-4
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“Chemical composition of sediments and suspended matter from the Cauvery and Brahmaputra rivers (India)”. Dekov VM, Araujo F, Van Grieken R, Subramanian V, The science of the total environment 212, 89 (1998). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(97)00132-0
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(97)00132-0
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“Platinum group elements in the environment and their health risk”. Ravindra K, Bencs L, Van Grieken R, The science of the total environment 318, 1 (2004). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00372-3
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00372-3
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“Single particle and inorganic characterization of rainwater collected above the North Sea”. Jambers W, Dekov V, Van Grieken R, The science of the total environment 256, 133 (2000). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00477-0
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00477-0
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“Micro-XANES determination of ferric iron and its application in thermobarometry”. Schmid R, Wilke M, Ober R, Dong S, Janssens K, Falkenberg G, Franz L, Gaab A, Lithos 70, 381 (2003). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-4937(03)00107-5
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0024-4937(03)00107-5
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“Trace analysis of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene isomers in environmental samples by low-pressure gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry”. Joos PE, Godoi AFL, de Jong R, de Zeeuw J, Van Grieken R, Journal of chromatography: A: bibliography section 985, 191 (2003). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)01843-5
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9673(02)01843-5
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“Field evaluation of a wind tunnel-impactor system for sampling ambient aerosols”. Gysels K, Van Grieken R, Journal of aerosol science 30, 639 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-8502(98)00747-2
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0021-8502(98)00747-2
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“Accelerated microstructural evolution of a calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) phase in pozzolanic pastes using fine siliceous sources: comparison with historic pozzolanic mortars”. Moropoulou A, Cakmak A, Labropoulos KC, Van Grieken R, Torfs K, Cement and concrete research 34, 1 (2004). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00187-X
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00187-X
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“Determination of trace elements in organic matrices by grazing-emission X-ray fluorescence spectrometry”. Spolnik ZM, Claes M, Van Grieken R, Analytica chimica acta 401, 293 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(99)00471-7
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(99)00471-7
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“Assessment of homogeneity of candidate reference material at the nanogram level and investigation on representativeness of single particle analysis using electron probe X-ray microanalysis”. Ro C-U, Hoornaert S, Van Grieken R, Analytica chimica acta 389, 151 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(99)00160-9
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(99)00160-9
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“Optimization of a simple spotting procedure for x-ray fluorescence analysis of waters”. Smits J, Van Grieken R, Analytica chimica acta 88, 97 (1977). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)96053-2
Abstract: Several sample preparation methods for waters for energy-dispersive x.r.f. were examined, as well as the influence of sample size on the analytical characteristics. The most satisfactory simple, rapid method proved to be spotting of 1.5 ml of water sample on a Whatman-41 cellulose filter paper provided with a wax ring of 29-mm diameter and evaporating the water with an unheated air stream from underneath. Sensitivities are below 100 p.p.b. for most elements and often below 50 p.p.b. when the optimal secondary fluorescer is used. Accuracy and precision are usually in the 1520 % range. The method is applicable to many dilute aqueous solutions as is illustrated by analysis of industrial water samples and ashed biological material.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)96053-2
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“The determination of copper in iron and steel by 14-Mev neutron activation analysis”. Van Grieken R, Speecke A, Hoste J, Analytica chimica acta 51, 151 (1970). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)95703-4
Abstract: A fast (10 min) non-destructive determination of copper in. steel and cast iron by 14-MeV neutron activation analysis is described. The 0.511-MeV annihilation radiation of62Cu (T1/2=9.8 min), induced by the reaction63Cu(n,2n)62Cu, is counted by two opposing NaI(Tl) detectors operating in coincidence. An oxygen flux monitor is used to normalise the irradiations. For high phosphorus contents, two measurements are made and the 9-min activity contribution is calculated. As the iron content of the samples is known, the use of pure iron samples allows correction for53Fe activity from the reaction54Fe(n,2n)53Fe(T1/2= 8.9 min). When the phosphorus and silicon activities are low, the procedure of counting and computing can be greatly simplified. Nuclear interferences of most common alloying and impurity elements were investigated.The precision is 23% for steels containing above 1% Cu, andCa. 10% for 0.1%Cu.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)95703-4
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“Preconcentration methods for the analysis of water by X-ray spectrometric techniques”. Van Grieken R, Analytica chimica acta 143, 3 (1982). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)95486-8
Abstract: All published procedures for multi-element preconcentration of trace elements, prior to x-ray fluorescence analysis of water, are reviewed and critically evaluated. Most preconcentration methods applied to the determination of single elements in water are also listed.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)95486-8
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“Evaluation of multi-element analysis of blood serum by energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometry”. Robberecht H, Van Grieken R, Shani J, Barak S, Analytica chimica acta 136, 285 (1982). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)95388-7
Abstract: Conventional energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence is applied in the analysis of blood serum to give the concentrations of 710 elements simultaneously with minimal manipulation of the samples. Simple spotting onto a Mylar carrier of 250 μl of serum, doped with two internal standards, was chosen as the sample preparation step. Some 200 serum samples, analyzed in replicate (n = 26), were used to evaluate this procedure. The detection limits are 4 μg ml-1 for K and Ca, 0.50.2 μg ml-1 for Fe, Cu, Pb and Zn, and less than 0.1 μg ml-1 for Se, Rb and Sr. Well above these limits, the standard deviation is around 10%. Comparison with the results of other measurements on the same samples indicates an accuracy of that order. The simplicity and high throughput, and the possibility of automating the x.r.f. measurements, make the proposed procedure suitable for screening large numbers of sera.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)95388-7
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“Sample contamination from a commercial grinding unit”. Van Grieken R, Van de Velde R, Robberecht H, Analytica chimica acta 118, 137 (1980). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)93724-9
Abstract: The contamination of ground samples by a commercially available Lovibond McCrone Micronizing Mill is discussed. Tracer and weighing experiments showed that abrasion of corundum grinding elements was important, introducing 620 mg of abrasion products per minute of wet grinding. Agate grinding elements were abraded at ⩽6 mg min-1. The abrasion products and grinding elements were analyzed by x-ray fluorescence, spark-source mass spectrometry and neutron activation analysis. Contamination in trace element analysis of geological materials is likely to be negligible for agate grinding elements and, except for a few transition metals, also for corundum grinding elements. Contamination of typical biological samples is significant for a few elements even when agate elements are used, and is absolutely prohibitive for trace analysis when corundum elements are used.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)93724-9
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“Comparison of preconcentration procedures for trace metals in natural waters”. Smits J, Nelissen J, Van Grieken R, Analytica chimica acta 111, 215 (1979). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)93264-7
Abstract: The relative merits of eight procedures for preconcentrations of trace metal ions from natural water samples and synthetic solutions are evaluated. Spikes (100 μg l−1 ) of Mn, Co, Zn, Eu, Cs and Ba and the corresponding radioactive tracers were added to batches of drinking water, estuarine water, sea water, ground water, twice-distilled water and ahumic material solution. After equilibration for 25 months, the following techniques were applied: passage through columns of Dowex Al chelating resin and ofsilylated silica gel, filtration through laminate membrane filters and chelating diethylenetriamine cellulose filters, precipitation with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate and l-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol, extraction with ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate, and chelation by 8-quinolinol (oxine) followed by adsorption on activated carbon. The quantitative characteristics of these techniques and the influence of the water matrix effects are discussed, as well as the applicability for x-ray fluorescence analysis.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)93264-7
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“Soil analysis by thin-film energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence”. Van Grieken R, Van 't dack L, Costa Dantas C, Da Silveira Dantas H, Analytica chimica acta 108, 93 (1979). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)93044-2
Abstract: Energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence is advantageous for trace analysis of soils present as thin films. A target thickness of about 2 mg cm-2 provides a compromise between optimal sensitivity and minimal absorption effect or optimal accuracy. Sample preparation involves only suspending the finely ground soil in water and drying this suspension on a thin mylar foil glued on a ring that fits into the x.r.f. spectrometer. The effective sample weight present in the exciting beam area is computed from the scatter peaks, a method that cancels out target heterogeneity problems. High accuracy is demonstrated for many elements in reference soil and rock materials; a precision around 5% and a detection limit around 10 ppm can be achieved. As an illustration, results for 16 trace elements and preliminary interpretation are given for a series of pedologically important soil samples from Brasil.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)93044-2
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“Reduction of trace metal levels in analytical-grade activated carbon”. Vanderborght B, Van Grieken R, Analytica chimica acta 89, 399 (1977). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)84739-5
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)84739-5
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“Multi-element analysis of urine by energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometry”. Vos L, Robberecht H, Van Dyck P, Van Grieken R, Analytica chimica acta 130, 167 (1981). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)84161-1
Abstract: For multi-element analysis of human urine, 25-ml samples doped with yttrium as internal standard are evaporated gently and then ashed up to 460°C overnight. The residue is pelletized and analysed by energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence. Acid addition to facilitate the digestion is not mandatory. Recoveries are nearly quantitative for traces of Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Sr, to a lesser extent for lead, but not for arsenic or selenium. The standard deviation per measurement is typically around 6%. The detection limits are such that some 10 elements can be determined simultaneously in normal urine, and possibly more in cases of importance to toxicology or industrial hygiene.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)84161-1
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“Automated evaluation of photographically recorded spark-source mass spectra”. Vanderborght B, Van Grieken R, Analytica chimica acta 103, 223 (1978). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)84041-1
Abstract: A computer routine was developed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of photographically recorded spark-source mass spectra. Particular attention is given to the case of a graphite matrix. The program starts from the line intensities (expressed as Seidel values) and isotope masses calculated from the densitometer readings by a commercially available routine. From the intensities in the different exposures (typically 15 stages), it computes the parameters for the linear parts of the density curves for each ion. Taking into account mutual interferences of multivalent ions, isotope or C-clusters, oxide, carbide and dicarbide ions, the program automatically identifies and then quantifies the elements present. The precision of the results is around 5%. Reading and complete processing of one photoplate is achieved within 23 h.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)84041-1
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“Enrichment of trace anions from water with 2,2'-diaminodiethylamine cellulose filters”. Smits J, Van Grieken R, Analytica chimica acta 123, 9 (1981). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)83152-4
Abstract: Cellulose filters with immobilized 2,2'-diaminodiethylamine (DEN) functional groups are studied for trace anion preconcentration from aqueous solution, with subsequent x-ray fluorescence measurements. For most oxoanions with a central metal atom, nearly quantitative collection can be achieved by 10-cm2 DEN filters under the following optimized conditions: pH 36, filtration rate up to 0.5 ml cm-2 min-1, and sample volume up to 100 ml cm-2. The collection yield is independent of the trace oxoanion concentration up to at least 1.5 μmol cm-2. Although the DEN filter exhibits some selectivity towards oxoanions with a central metal atom, ionic strength affects the results; the collection efficiency is strongly depressed with salt (e.g. NaCl) concentrations above 0.01 M. The applicability of the DEN filter in anion collection is therefore limited to dilute solutions.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)83152-4
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“Simultaneous determination of chromium and silicon in steel by 14-mev neutron activation analysis”. Vandecasteele C, Van Grieken R, Hoste J, Analytica chimica acta 72, 31 (1974). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)82945-7
Abstract: Chromium and silicon are determined simultaneously in steel by 14-MeV neutron activation analysis. The activities of 52V(Eγ=1.43 MeV,TView the MathML source=3.76 min) from 52Cr(n,p)52V and 28Al (Eγ=1.78 MeV; TView the MathML source=2.24 min) from 28Si(n,p)28Al are evaluated by mixed γ-ray spectrometry. The influence of manganese and phosphorus, the main interfering elements, is negligible for most stainless steels. The count rate should be limited, to avoid 52V pulse pile-up effects interfering in the 28Al energy region. Precisions in the 2-10% range are reached, depending on the concentrations, for a 10-min analysis time. Results for a series of steel samples are compared with industrial analyses.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)82945-7
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“Systematic errors in 14-MeV neutron activation analysis for oxygen : part 1 : neutron and γ-ray attenuation effects”. Vandecasteele C, van Grieken R, Gijbels R, Speecke A, Analytica chimica acta 64, 187 (1973). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)82436-3
Abstract: A detailed account is given of neutron and γ-ray attenuation effects in 14-MeV neutron activation analysis of oxygen. Appropriate neutron cross-section values have been determined in two different ways and compared with literature values. It appears that the attenuation process is best described in terms of nonelastic scattering cross-sections. It is also shown that the narrow beam total γ-ray attenuation coefficients at 6 MeV, given in the literature are suitable for correction purposes if 16N γ-rays are counted with a window of 4.56.5 MeV. Attention was paid to the contribution of β-rays when the 16N activity is counted in this energy interval with a NaI(Tl) detector.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Impact Factor: 4.513
Times cited: 11
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)82436-3
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“On the precision of oxygen determinations in steel by 14-MeVv neutron activation”. Van Grieken R, Speecke A, Hoste J, Analytica chimica acta 52, 275 (1970). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)80957-0
Abstract: The precision of the 14-MeV neutron activation determination of oxygen in steel has been examined as a function of the oxygen content for a large number of steel and cast iron samples. The experimental and the statistically expected standard deviations have been compared. In the conditions used, 2.5 counts from 16N were registered for each p.p.m. of oxygen in the samples. The neutron flux was monitored by a simultaneously irradiated oxygen standard.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)80957-0
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“Systematic errors in 14-MeV neutron activation analysis for oxygen : part 2 : a general standardization method for the determination of oxygen”. Vandecasteele C, van Grieken R, Gijbels R, Speecke A, Analytica chimica acta 65, 1 (1973). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)80158-6
Abstract: A general standardization method is described for the determination of oxygen in solid samples via the 16O(n,p)16N reaction. Two systems of flux monitoring are considered: the sample versus standard comparator method and BF3 monitoring. The average flux in sample and standard, fast neutron shielding, fast neutron scattering, absorption of fast neutrons, absorption of 16N γ-rays and counting efficiency of sample and standard are considered. The influence of the target diameter on the obtained correction factors has also been studied. Total achievable accuracy is believed to be about 1%.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Impact Factor: 4.513
Times cited: 12
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)80158-6
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“Internal standard activation analysis of silicon in steel”. van Grieken R, Gijbels R, Speecke A, Hoste J, Analytica chimica acta 43, 381 (1968). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(00)89235-1
Abstract: Non-destructive 14-MeV neutron activation analysis for silicon in steel has been applied with 56Mn as internal standard.56Mn is formed from the iron matrix via the 56Fe(n,p)56Mn reaction. Several methods of internal standardisation via56Mn are discussed. The 0.84-MeV photopeak of 56Mn is recommended if steel samples of about the same composition are to be analysed. Chemically analysed steel samples are used as silicon standards. A precision of 0.7% was obtained for an analysis plus standardisation time of 13 min. Special attention was paid to interferences produced by concentration changes of impurity elements. Several possible sources of errors were investigated.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Impact Factor: 4.513
Times cited: 14
DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(00)89235-1
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