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	Author	Abakumov, A.M.; Hadermann, J.; Tsirlin, A.A.; Tan, H.; Verbeeck, J.; Zhang, H.; Dikarev, E.V.; Shpanchenko, R.V.; Antipov, E.V.
	Title	Original close-packed structure and magnetic properties of the Pb₄Mn₉O₂₀ manganite			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Journal of solid state chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	J Solid State Chem
	Volume	182	Issue	8	Pages	2231-2238
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The crystal structure of the Pb4Mn9O20 compound (previously known as Pb0.43MnO2.18) was solved from powder X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, and high resolution electron microscopy data (S.G. Pnma, a=13.8888(2) Å, b=11.2665(2) Å, c=9.9867(1) Å, RI=0.016, RP=0.047). The structure is based on a 6H (cch)2 close packing of pure oxygen h-type (O16) layers alternating with mixed c-type (Pb4O12) layers. The Mn atoms occupy octahedral interstices formed by the oxygen atoms of the close-packed layers. The MnO6 octahedra share edges within the layers, whereas the octahedra in neighboring layers are linked through corner sharing. The relationship with the closely related Pb3Mn7O15 structure is discussed. Magnetization measurements reveal a peculiar magnetic behavior with a phase transition at 52 K, a small net magnetization below the transition temperature, and a tendency towards spin freezing.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000269066400035	Publication Date	2009-06-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-4596;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.299	Times cited	5	Open Access
	Notes	The authors are grateful to Christoph Geibel for the help in magnetization measurements. A.Ts. acknowledges MPI CKS for hospitality and financial support during the stay. E.D. thanks the National Science Foundation (CHE-0718900) for financial support. This work was supported by the Russian Foundation of Basic Research (RFBR Grants 07-03-00664-a, 06-03-90168-a and 07-03-00890-a). The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Union under the Framework 6 program under a contract for an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative. Reference 026019 ESTEEM.			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.299; 2009 IF: 2.340
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:78935UA @ admin @ c:irua:78935			Serial	2529
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	Author	Bharathy, M.; Gemmill, W.R.; Fox, A.H.; Darriet, J.; Smith, M.D.; Hadermann, J.; Remy, M.S.; zur Loye, H.-C.
	Title	Synthesis and magnetic properties of rare earth ruthenates, Ln₅Ru₂O₁₂ (Ln=Pr, Nd, SmTb)			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Journal of solid state chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	J Solid State Chem
	Volume	182	Issue	5	Pages	1164-1170
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Single crystals of Ln5Ru2O12 (Ln=Pr, Nd, SmTb) were grown out of either NaOH or KOH fluxes in sealed silver tubes. The crystals of all the phases were observed to be twinned as confirmed by TEM studies. The series crystallize in the C2/m monoclinic system with lattice parameters, a=12.4049(4)12.7621(6) Å, b=5.8414(2)5.9488(3) Å, c=7.3489(2)7.6424(4) Å, β=107.425(3)107.432(2)° and Z=2. The crystal structure is isotypic with the defect/disorder model of Ln5Re2O12 (Ln = Y, Gd) and consists of one dimensional edge shared RuO6 octahedral chains separated by a two dimensional LnOx polyhedral framework. Magnetic measurements indicate paramagnetic and antiferromagnetic behavior for Ln=Nd, SmGd and Ln=Tb, respectively.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000265893700027	Publication Date	2009-02-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-4596;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.299	Times cited	4	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.299; 2009 IF: 2.340
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77052			Serial	3433
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	Author	d' Hondt, H.; Hadermann, J.; Abakumov, A.M.; Kalyuzhnaya, A.S.; Rozova, M.G.; Tsirlin, A.A.; Tan, H.; Verbeeck, J.; Antipov, E.V.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	Synthesis, crystal structure and magnetic properties of the Sr₂Al_0.78Mn_1.22O_5.2 anion-deficient layered perovskite			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Journal of solid state chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	J Solid State Chem
	Volume	182	Issue	2	Pages	356-363
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	A new layered perovskite Sr2Al0.78Mn1.22O5.2 has been synthesized by solid state reaction in a sealed evacuated silica tube. The crystal structure has been determined using electron diffraction, high-resolution electron microscopy, and high-angle annular dark field imaging and refined from X-ray powder diffraction data (space group P4/mmm, a=3.89023(5) Å, c=7.8034(1) Å, RI=0.023, RP=0.015). The structure is characterized by an alternation of MnO2 and (Al0.78Mn0.22)O1.2 layers. Oxygen atoms and vacancies, as well as the Al and Mn atoms in the (Al0.78Mn0.22)O1.2 layers are disordered. The local atomic arrangement in these layers is suggested to consist of short fragments of brownmillerite-type tetrahedral chains of corner-sharing AlO4 tetrahedra interrupted by MnO6 octahedra, at which the chain fragments rotate over 90°. This results in an averaged tetragonal symmetry. This is confirmed by the valence state of Mn measured by EELS. The relationship between the Sr2Al0.78Mn1.22O5.2 tetragonal perovskite and the parent Sr2Al1.07Mn0.93O5 brownmillerite is discussed. Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate spin glass behavior of Sr2Al0.78Mn1.22O5.2. The lack of long-range magnetic ordering contrasts with Mn-containing brownmillerites and is likely caused by the frustration of interlayer interactions due to presence of the Mn atoms in the (Al0.78Mn0.22)O1.2 layers.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000263124700022	Publication Date	2008-11-14
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-4596;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.299	Times cited	12	Open Access
	Notes	Iap Vi			Approved	Most recent IF: 2.299; 2009 IF: 2.340
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:72943			Serial	3450
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	Author	Damla, N.; Čevik, U.; Kobya, A.I.; Celik, A.; Van Grieken, R.; Kobya, Y.
	Title	Characterization of gas concrete materials used in buildings of Turkey			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Journal of hazardous materials	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	168	Issue	2/3	Pages	681-687
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in gas concrete samples collected from different suppliers and some provinces in Turkey were measured using gamma-ray spectrometry. Knowledge of radioactivity in gas concrete used in building materials enables one to assess any possible radiological risks to human health. The mean activity concentrations observed in the gas concrete samples were 82.0, 28.2 and 383.9 Bq kg−1 for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. The radium equivalent activity, external and internal hazard indices as well as terrestrial absorbed dose and annual effective dose rate was calculated. The results indicate that the radium equivalent activity values of gas concrete samples are lower than the limit of 370 Bq kg−1, equivalent to a gamma-dose of 1.5 mSv y−1. Moreover, mass attenuation coefficients were measured in some gas concrete samples. It was found that the mass attenuation coefficients decreased with increasing photon energies. Also, chemical compositions and structural analysis (XRD and SEM) of the gas concrete samples were investigated.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000268200700014	Publication Date	2009-02-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0304-3894	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:77256			Serial	7621
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	Author	Stefaniak, E.A.; Alsecz, A.; Frost, R.; Máthé, Z.; Sajó, I.E.; Török, S.; Worobiec, A.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Combined SEM/EDX and micro-Raman spectroscopy analysis of uranium minerals from a former uranium mine			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Journal of hazardous materials	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	168	Issue	1	Pages	416-423
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Samples of the secondary uranium minerals collected in the abandoned uranium mine at Pecs (Hungary) were investigated by two micro-techniques: scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX) and micro-Raman spectroscopy (MRS). They were applied to locate U-rich particles and identify the chemical form and oxidation state of the uranium compounds. The most abundant mineral was a K and/or Na uranyl sulphate (zippeite group). U(VI) was also present in the form showing intensive Raman scattering at 860 cm−1 which can be attributed to uranium trioxide. This research has shown the successful application of micro-Raman spectroscopy for the identification of uranyl mineral species on the level of individual particles.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000267567600060	Publication Date	2009-02-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0304-3894	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:77032			Serial	7681
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	Author	Celik, N.; Čevik, U.; Celik, A.; Koz, B.
	Title	Natural and artificial radioactivity measurements in Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Journal of hazardous materials	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	162	Issue	1	Pages	146-153
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	In the present work, naturally occurring radionuclides of (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K were measured in soil samples collected from the Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey. It was found that the activity concentrations ranged from 12 to 120 Bq kg(-1) for (226)Ra, from 13 to 121 Bq kg(-1) for (232)Th and from 204 to 1295 Bq kg(-1) for (40)K. Besides naturally occurring radionuclides, (137)Cs activity concentration was measured in soil, lichen and moss samples and it was found that (137)Cs activity concentration ranged from 27 to 775 Bq kg(-1) with for soil, from 29 to 879 Bq kg(-1) for lichen and from 67 to 1396 Bq kg(-1) for moss samples. Annual effective doses due to the naturally occurring radionuclides and (137)CS were estimated. Ecological half-lives of (137)CS in lichen and moss species were estimated. The decrease of the activity concentrations in the present measurements (2007) relative to those in 1993 indicated ecological half-lives between 1.36 and 2.96 years for lichen and between 1.35 and 2.85 years for moss species. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000263149400019	Publication Date	2008-05-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0304-3894	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:94562			Serial	8296
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	Author	Lind, O.C.; Salbu, B.; Skipperud, L.; Janssens, K.; Jaroszewicz, J.; de Nolf, W.
	Title	Solid state speciation and potential bioavailability of depleted uranium particles from Kosovo and Kuwait			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Journal of environmental radioactivity	Abbreviated Journal	J Environ Radioactiv
	Volume	100	Issue	4	Pages	301-307
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	A combination of synchrotron radiation based X-ray microscopic techniques (ì-XRF, ì-XANES, ì-XRD) applied on single depleted uranium (DU) particles and semi-bulk leaching experiments has been employed to link the potential bioavailability of DU particles to site-specific particle characteristics. The oxidation states and crystallographic forms of U in DU particles have been determined for individual particles isolated from selected samples collected at different sites in Kosovo and Kuwait that were contaminated by DU ammunition during the 1999 Balkan conflict and the 1991 Gulf war. Furthermore, small soil or sand samples heavily contaminated with DU particles were subjected to simulated gastrointestinal fluid (0.16 M HCl) extractions. Characteristics of DU particles in Kosovo soils collected in 2000 and in Kuwait soils collected in 2002 varied significantly depending on the release scenario and to some extent on weathering conditions. Oxidized U (+6) was determined in large, fragile and bright yellow DU particles released during fire at a DU ammunition storage facility and crystalline phases such as schoepite (UO3·2.25H2O), dehydrated schoepite (UO3·0.75H2O) and metaschoepite (UO3·2.0H2O) were identified. As expected, these DU particles were rapidly dissolved in 0.16 M HCl (84 ± 3% extracted after 2 h) indicating a high degree of potential mobility and bioavailability. In contrast, the 2 h extraction of samples contaminated with DU particles originating either from corrosion of unspent DU penetrators or from impacted DU ammunition appeared to be much slower (2030%) as uranium was less oxidized (+4 to +6). Crystalline phases such as UO2, UC and metallic U or UTi alloy were determined in impacted DU particles from Kosovo and Kuwait, while the UO2,34 phase, only determined in particles from Kosovo, could reflect a more corrosive environment. Although the results are based on a limited number of DU particles, they indicate that the structure and extractability of DU particles released from similar sources (metallic U penetrators) will depend on the release scenarios (fire, impact) and to some extent environmental conditions. However, most of the DU particles (7396%) in all investigated samples were dissolved in 0.16 M HCl after one week indicating that a majority of the DU material is bioaccessible.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000264649500004	Publication Date	2009-02-18
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0265-931x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.31	Times cited	49	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.31; 2009 IF: 1.268
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:76413			Serial	5834
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	Author	Van Passel, S.; Van Huylenbroeck, G.; Lauwers, L.; Mathijs, E.
	Title	Sustainable value assessment of farms using frontier efficiency benchmarks			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Journal Of Environmental Management	Abbreviated Journal	J Environ Manage
	Volume	90	Issue	10	Pages	3057-3069
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Economics
	Abstract	Appropriate assessment of firm sustainability facilitates actor-driven processes towards sustainable development. The methodology in this paper builds further on two proven methodologies for the assessment of sustainability performance: it combines the sustainable value approach with frontier efficiency benchmarks. The sustainable value methodology tries to relate firm performance to the use of different resources. This approach assesses contributions to corporate sustainability by comparing firm resource productivity with the resource productivity of a benchmark, and this for all resources considered. The efficiency is calculated by estimating the production frontier indicating the maximum feasible production possibilities. In this research, the sustainable value approach is combined with efficiency analysis methods to benchmark sustainability assessment. In this way, the production theoretical underpinnings of efficiency analysis enrich the sustainable value approach. The methodology is presented using two different functional forms: the CobbDouglas and the translog functional forms. The simplicity of the CobbDouglas functional form as benchmark is very attractive but it lacks flexibility. The translog functional form is more flexible but has the disadvantage that it requires a lot of data to avoid estimation problems. Using frontier methods for deriving firm specific benchmarks has the advantage that the particular situation of each company is taken into account when assessing sustainability. Finally, we showed that the methodology can be used as an integrative sustainability assessment tool for policy measures.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000269022800013	Publication Date	2009-06-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0301-4797	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	4.01	Times cited	41	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 4.01; 2009 IF: 2.367
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:136762			Serial	6259
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	Author	Baguer, N.; Georgieva, V.; Calderin, L.; Todorov, I.T.; van Gils, S.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Study of the nucleation and growth of TiO₂ and ZnO thin films by means of molecular dynamics simulations			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Journal of crystal growth	Abbreviated Journal	J Cryst Growth
	Volume	311	Issue	16	Pages	4034-4043
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	The nucleation and growth of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films on Fe2O3 (hematite), Al2O3 (á-alumina) and SiO2 (á-quartz) are studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The results show the formation of a strong interface region between the substrate and the film in the six systems studied here. A combination of polycrystalline and amorphous phases are observed in the TiO2 films grown on the three substrates. ZnO deposition on the Fe2O3 and Al2O3 crystals yields a monocrystalline film growth. The ZnO film deposited on the SiO2 crystal exhibits less crystallinity. The simulation results are compared with experimental results available in the literature.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000269580100012	Publication Date	2009-06-24
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-0248;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.751	Times cited	23	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.751; 2009 IF: 1.534
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77453			Serial	3338
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	Author	Lin, K.; Pescarmona, P.P.; Houthoofd, K.; Liang, D.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Jacobs, P.A.
	Title	Direct room-temperature synthesis of methyl-functionalized Ti-MCM-41 nanoparticles and their catalytic performance in epoxidation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Journal of catalysis	Abbreviated Journal	J Catal
	Volume	263	Issue	1	Pages	75-82
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Methyl-functionalized Ti-MCM-41 nanoparticles with a size of 80 to 160 nm (Me-Ti-MCM-41 NP) were directly prepared via a dilute solution route by the co-condensation of tetraethoxysilane and methylalkoxysilanes in sodium hydroxide medium at room temperature. The characterization results showed the existence of ordered hexagonal mesoporous structure and tetrahedral Ti species in the nanoparticles. In the epoxidation of cyclohexene with tert-butyl hydroperoxide and aqueous H2O2, Me-Ti-MCM-41 NP samples displayed higher turnover frequencies (TOFs) for cyclohexene and initial reaction rates compared to Ti-MCM-41 and methyl-functionalized Ti-MCM-41 with normal particle size and to non-functionalized Ti-MCM-41 nanoparticles. Simultaneously, a higher selectivity for cyclohexene epoxide was observed in the case of aqueous H2O2, suggesting that the hydrolysis of cyclohexene epoxide with water is reduced on Me-Ti-MCM-41 NP samples. The improved catalytic behavior of Me-Ti-MCM-41 NP is discussed both in terms of the nanosize and methylation of the surface of the catalyst particles. The regeneration of Me-Ti-MCM-41 NP with tert-butyl hydroperoxide solution was evaluated via washing and calcination approaches.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	San Diego, Calif.	Editor
	Language		Wos	000265000800008	Publication Date	2009-02-14
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-9517;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.844	Times cited	89	Open Access
	Notes	Iwt; Iap; Goa			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.844; 2009 IF: 5.288
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:76395			Serial	720
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	Author	Khalil-Allafi, J.; Amin-Ahmadi, B.
	Title	The effect of chemical composition on enthalpy and entropy changes of martensitic transformations in binary NiTi shape memory alloys			Type	P3 Proceeding
	Year	2009	Publication	Journal Of Alloys And Compounds	Abbreviated Journal	J Alloy Compd
	Volume	487	Issue		Pages	363-366
	Keywords	P3 Proceeding; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
	Abstract	In the present research work the binary NiTi alloys with various compositions in the range of 50.351 at.% Ni were used. Samples have been annealed at 850 °C for 15 min and then quenched in water. In order to characterize transformation temperatures and enthalpy changes of the forward and the reverse martensitic transformation, Differential Scanning Calorimetric (DSC) experiments were performed. The enthalpy and entropy changes as a function of Ni atomic content have been thermodynamically investigated. Results show that enthalpy and entropy changes of martensitic transformation decrease when Ni atomic content increases. The variation of enthalpy and entropy of martensitic transformation with Ni content in binary NiTi alloys were explained by thermodynamic parameters and electron concentration of alloy (e/a) respectively.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000272521900073	Publication Date	2009-07-31
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title	Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0925-8388;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.133	Times cited	30	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.133; 2009 IF: 2.135
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:122040			Serial	804
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	Author	Mao, D.; van de Weghe, H.; Lookman, R.; Vanermen, G.; de Brucker, N.; Diels, L.
	Title	Resolving the unresolved complex mixture in motor oils using high-performance liquid chromatography followed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Fuel	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	88	Issue	2	Pages	312-318
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) followed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) was used for detailed group-type characterization of hydrocarbons present in motor oils. With conventional GC, motor oil is not well separated due to its complexity, resulting in a hump in the chromatogram: the unresolved complex mixture (UCM). With HPLC-GC×GC, motor oil hydrocarbons can be quantitatively separated into four major groups: alkanes, cycloalkanes, alkenes and aromatics. Each group can be further separated and divided by ring number or carbon number. Three selected motor oil samples were characterized by HPLC-GC×GC including two conventional motor oils and a synthetic motor oil. Using a proprietary silver-modified HPLC column, the aromatic components in motor oils were baseline separated from the aliphatic UCM and were then further separated by GC×GC based on their aromatic ring numbers. Accordingly, the aliphatic components were separated by GC×GC based on their saturated ring numbers. This paper illustrates the capabilities of HPLC-GC×GC for reliable and detailed quantitative group-type characterization of hydrocarbons present in motor oils.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000262129000011	Publication Date	2008-09-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0016-2361	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:75748			Serial	8474
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Vandevoorde, D.; Pamplona, M.; Schalm, O.; Vanhellemont, Y.; Cnudde, V.; Verhaeven, E.
	Title	Contact sponge method : performance of a promising tool for measuring the initial water absorption			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Journal of cultural heritage	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	10	Issue	1	Pages	41-47
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Porous limestone and mortar are able to absorb large quantities of water. This phenomenon will accelerate the deterioration of the material. In such cases, the material might be treated with a hydrophobic product, which creates a superficial layer that hampers the penetration of water. In order to decide if such a treatment should be applied or not, the water absorbing behaviour of the material should be measured. With the same measuring technique the efficiency of the hydrophobic barrier can be evaluated. Moreover, it allows the monitoring of such barriers as a function of time. At the same time, the water absorption of porous stone material is an indication of the degree of deterioration and its sensitivity to future deterioration. Up to now, two different measuring techniques exist, but one can only be used in laboratory and the other, which can be operated in laboratory as well as in situ, is not always reliable for in situ analyses. This article proposes an alternative method: the contact sponge method. This recently developed method was tested on non-treated porous stone materials in a laboratory environment in order to evaluate its performance in comparison with the two existing methods.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000264831900005	Publication Date	2009-03-14
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1296-2074	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:115023			Serial	7728
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Djoković, V.; Krsmanović, R.; Božanić, D.K.; McPherson, M.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Nair, P.S.; Georges, M.K.; Radhakrishnan, T.
	Title	Adsorption of sulfur onto a surface of silver nanoparticles stabilized with sago starch biopolymer			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Colloids and surfaces: B : biointerfaces	Abbreviated Journal	Colloid Surface B
	Volume	73	Issue	1	Pages	30-35
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Adsorption of sulfide ions onto a surface of starch capped silver nanoparticles upon addition of thioacetamide was investigated. UVvis absorption spectroscopy revealed that the adsorption of the sulfide ion on the surface of the silver nanoparticles induced damping as well as blue shift of the silver surface plasmon resonance band. Further increase in thioacetamide concentration led to shift of the resonance band toward higher wavelengths indicating the formation of the continuous Ag2S layer on the silver surface. Thus fabricated nanoparticles were investigated using electron microscopy techniques (TEM, HRTEM, and HAADF-STEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which confirmed their coreshell structure.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000268657500005	Publication Date	2009-05-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0927-7765;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.887	Times cited	41	Open Access
	Notes	Esteem 026019			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.887; 2009 IF: 2.600
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77972			Serial	66
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	Author	Mao, D.; Lookman, R.; van de Weghe, H.; Vanermen, G.; de Brucker, N.; Diels, L.
	Title	Detailed analysis of petroleum hydrocarbon attenuation in biopiles by high-performance liquid chromatography followed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Journal of chromatography : A	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	1216	Issue	9	Pages	1524-1527
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Enhanced bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons in two biopiles was quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) followed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GCXGC). The attenuation of 34 defined hydrocarbon classes was calculated by HPLCGCXGC analysis of representative biopile samples at start-up and after 18 weeks of biopile operation. In general, a-cyclic alkanes were most efficiently removed from the biopiles, followed by monoaromatic hydrocarbons. Cycloalkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were more resistant to degradation. A-cyclic biomarkers farnesane, trimethyl-C13, norpristane, pristane and phytane dropped to only about 10% of their initial concentrations. On the other hand, C29C31 hopane concentrations remained almost unaltered after 18 weeks of biopile operation, confirming their resistance to biodegradation. They are thus reliable indicators to estimate attenuation potential of petroleum hydrocarbons in biopile processed soils.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000263610500035	Publication Date	2009-01-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-9673	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:76320			Serial	7769
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	Author	Mao, D.; Lookman, R.; van de Weghe, H.; Vanermen, G.; de Brucker, N.; Diels, L.
	Title	Aqueous solubility calculation for petroleum mixtures in soil using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography analysis data			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Journal of chromatography : A	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	1216	Issue	14	Pages	2873-2880
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	An assessment of aqueous solubility (leaching potential) of soil contaminations with petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) is important in the context of the evaluation of (migration) risks and soil/groundwater remediation. Field measurements using monitoring wells often overestimate real TPH concentrations in case of presence of pure oil in the screened interval of the well. This paper presents a method to calculate TPH equilibrium concentrations in groundwater using soil analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography followed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (HPLCGCXGC). The oil in the soil sample is divided into 79 defined hydrocarbon fractions on two GCXGC color plots. To each of these fractions a representative water solubility is assigned. Overall equilibrium water solubility of the non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) present in the sample and the water phase's chemical composition (in terms of the 79 fractions defined) are then calculated using Raoult's law. The calculation method was validated using soil spiked with 13 different TPH mixtures and 1 field-contaminated soil. Measured water solubilities using a column recirculation equilibration experiment agreed well to calculated equilibrium concentrations and water phase TPH composition.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000264730900020	Publication Date	2008-08-27
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-9673	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:76414			Serial	7492
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	Author	Mao, D.; Lookman, R.; van de Weghe, H.; Weltens, R.; Vanermen, G.; Brucker, N.; Diels, L.
	Title	Estimation of ecotoxicity of petroleum hydrocarbon mixtures in soil based on HPLC-GCXGC analysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Chemosphere	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	77	Issue	11	Pages	1508-1513
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
	Abstract	Detailed HPLCGCXGC/FID (high performance liquid chromatography followed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection) analysis of oil-contaminated soils was performed to interpret results of selected acute ecotoxicity assays. For the five ecotoxicity assays tested, plant seed germination and Microtox® were selected as most sensitive for evaluating ecotoxicity of the oil in the soil phase and in the leaching water, respectively. The measured toxicity for cress when testing the soil samples did not correspond to TPH concentration in the soil. A detailed chemical composition analysis of the oil contamination using HPLCGCXGC/FID allows to better predict the ecotoxicological risk and leaching potential of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil. Cress biomass production per plant was well correlated to the total aromatic hydrocarbon concentration (R2 = 0.79, n = 6), while cress seed germination was correlated (R2 = 0.82, n = 6) with total concentration of highly water-soluble aromatic hydrocarbons (HSaromatics). The observed ecotoxicity of the leaching water for Microtox-bacteria related well to calculated (based on the HPLCGCXGC/FID results) petroleum hydrocarbon equilibrium concentrations in water.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000272598700008	Publication Date	2009-10-31
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0045-6535; 1879-1298	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:80310			Serial	7935
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	Author	Titantah, J.T.; Lamoen, D.; Schowalter, M.; Rosenauer, A.
	Title	Density-functional theory calculations of the electron energy-loss near-edge structure of Li-intercalated graphite			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Carbon	Abbreviated Journal	Carbon
	Volume	47	Issue	10	Pages	2501-2510
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	We have studied the structural and electronic properties of lithium-intercalated graphite (LIG) for various Li content. Atomic relaxation shows that Li above the center of the carbon hexagon in a AAAA stacked graphite is the only stable Li configuration in stage 1 intercalated graphite. Lithium and Carbon 1s energy-loss near-edge structure (ELNES) calculations are performed on the Li-intercalated graphite using the core-excited density-functional theory formulation. Several features of the Li 1s ELNES are correlated with reported experimental features. The ELNES spectra of Li is found to be electron beam orientation sensitive and this property is used to assign the origin of the various Li 1s ELNES features. Information about core-hole screening by the valence electrons and charge transfer in the LIG systems is obtained from the C 1s ELNES and valence charge density difference calculations, respectively.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000268429000025	Publication Date	2009-05-11
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0008-6223;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.337	Times cited	12	Open Access
	Notes	Fwo G.0425.05; Esteem 026019			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.337; 2009 IF: 4.504
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77973			Serial	638
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	Author	Suarez-Martinez, I.; Bittencourt, C.; Ke, X.; Felten, A.; Pireaux, J.J.; Ghijsen, J.; Drube, W.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Ewels, C.P.
	Title	Probing the interaction between gold nanoparticles and oxygen functionalized carbon nanotubes			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Carbon	Abbreviated Journal	Carbon
	Volume	47	Issue	6	Pages	1549-1554
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The interaction between evaporated gold and pristine or oxygen plasma treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is investigated. Experimental and theoretical results indicate that gold nucleation occurs at defect sites, whether initially present or introduced by oxygen plasma treatment. Uniform gold cluster dispersion is observed on plasma treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and associated with the presence of uniformly dispersed oxidized vacancy centres on the CNT surface.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000265518700018	Publication Date	2009-02-11
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0008-6223;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.337	Times cited	38	Open Access
	Notes	Pai			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.337; 2009 IF: 4.504
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77267			Serial	2717
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	Author	Neyts, E.C.; Bogaerts, A.
	Title	Formation of endohedral Ni@C60 and exohedral NiC60 metallofullerene complexes by simulated ion implantation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Carbon	Abbreviated Journal	Carbon
	Volume	47	Issue	4	Pages	1028-1033
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract	The interaction of thermal and hyperthermal Ni ions with gas-phase C60 fullerene was investigated at two temperatures with classical molecular dynamics simulations using a recently developed interatomic many-body potential. The interaction between Ni and C60 is characterized in terms of the NiC60 binding sites, complex formation, and the collision and temperature induced deformation of the C60 cage structure. The simulations show how ion implantation theoretically allows the synthesis of both endohedral Ni@C60 and exohedral NiC60 metallofullerene complexes.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000264252900012	Publication Date	2008-12-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0008-6223;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.337	Times cited	15	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 6.337; 2009 IF: 4.504
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:76434			Serial	1260
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	Author	Afanasov, I.M.; Shornikova, O.N.; Avdeev, V.V.; Lebedev, O.I.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Matveev, A.T.
	Title	Expanded graphite as a support for Ni/carbon composites			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Carbon	Abbreviated Journal	Carbon
	Volume	47	Issue	2	Pages	513-518
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Expanded graphite decorated with nickel oxide particles (EGNiO) has been synthesized through electrochemical oxidation of natural graphite in an aqueous nickel nitrate solution followed by a heat treatment. EGNiO was used to prepare nickel/carbon composites using two techniques: (a) hydrogen reduction of nickel oxide particles loaded on the expanded graphite surface and (b) pyrolysis of coal tar pitch-impregnated EGNiO blocks. The EGNiO as well as the nickel/carbon composites have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and selected area electron diffraction.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000262558300018	Publication Date	2008-11-11
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0008-6223;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.337	Times cited	45	Open Access
	Notes	Iap-Vi			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.337; 2009 IF: 4.504
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:76033			Serial	1132
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	Author	Afanasov, I.M.; Morozov, V.A.; Kepman, A.V.; Ionov, S.G.; Seleznev, A.N.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Audeev, V.V.
	Title	Preparation, electrical and thermal properties of new exfoliated graphite-based composites			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Carbon	Abbreviated Journal	Carbon
	Volume	47	Issue	1	Pages	263-270
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	Exfoliated graphite samples (EG) with different bulk densities were prepared by the exfoliation of expandable graphite under a thermal shock regime. As a conductive filler, EG has been incorporated successfully into the coal tar pitch matrix by mechanical mixing. The conducting behavior of the composite was interpreted based on the percolation theory. The percolation threshold of the EG/pitch conducting composites at room temperature was as low as 1.5 wt% and did not depend on the bulk density of the EG used. By means of thermogravimetry the improvement of thermal stability of the composites in comparison with pure pitches was detected. The phenomenon was ascribed to heat shielding effect of the EG particles evidenced by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000262143500032	Publication Date	2008-10-14
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0008-6223;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.337	Times cited	42	Open Access
	Notes	Iap-Vi			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.337; 2009 IF: 4.504
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:75767			Serial	2701
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	Author	Shabalovskaya, S.A.; Tian, H.; Anderegg, J.W.; Schryvers, D.U.; Carroll, W.U.; van Humbeeck, J.
	Title	The influence of surface oxides on the distribution and release of nickel from Nitinol wires			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Biomaterials	Abbreviated Journal	Biomaterials
	Volume	30	Issue	4	Pages	468-477
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The patterns of Ni release from Nitinol vary depending on the type of material (NiTi alloys with low or no processing versus commercial wires or sheets). A thick TiO2 layer generated on the wire surface during processing is often considered as a reliable barrier against Ni release. The present study of Nitinol wires with surface oxides resulting from production was conducted to identify the sources of Ni release and its distribution in the surface sublayers. The chemistry and topography of the surfaces of Nitinol wires drawn using different techniques were studied with XPS and SEM. The distribution of Ni into surface depth and the surface oxide thickness were evaluated using Auger spectroscopy, TEM with FIB and ELNES. Ni release was estimated using either ICPA or AAS. Potentiodynamic potential polarization of selected wires was performed in as-received state with no strain and in treated strained samples. Wire samples in the as-received state showed low breakdown potentials (200 mV); the improved corrosion resistance of these wires after treatment was not affected by strain. It is shown how processing techniques affect surface topography, chemistry and also Ni release. Nitinol wires with the thickest surface oxide TiO2 (up to 720 nm) showed the highest Ni release, attributed to the presence of particles of essentially pure Ni whose number and size increased while approaching the interface between the surface and the bulk. The biological implications of high and lasting Ni release are also discussed.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Guildford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000262065500006	Publication Date	2008-11-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0142-9612;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.402	Times cited	102	Open Access
	Notes	Fwo; G.0465.05			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.402; 2009 IF: 7.365
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:72320			Serial	1641
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	Author	Bencs, L.; Krata, A.; Horemans, B.; Buczyńska, A.J.; Dirtu, A.C.; Godoi, A.F.L.; Godoi, R.H.M.; Potgieter-Vermaak, S.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Atmospheric nitrogen fluxes at the Belgian coast: 2004-2006			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Atmospheric environment : an international journal	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	43	Issue	24	Pages	3786-3798
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Daily and seasonal variations in dry and wet atmospheric nitrogen fluxes have been studied during four campaigns between 2004 and 2006 at a coastal site of the Southern North Sea at De Haan (Belgium) located at coordinates of 51.1723° N and 3.0369° E. Concentrations of inorganic N-compounds were determined in the gaseous phase, size-segregated aerosol (coarse, medium, and fine), and rainwater samples. Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) was quantified in rainwater. The daily variations in N-fluxes of compounds were evaluated with air-mass backward trajectories, classified into the main air-masses arriving at the sampling site (i.e., continental, North Sea, and Atlantic/UK/Channel). The three, non-episodic campaigns showed broadly consistent fluxes, but during the late summer campaign exceptionally high episodic N-deposition was observed. The average dry and wet fluxes for non-episodic campaigns amounted to 2.6 and 4.0 mg N m−2 d−1, respectively, whereas during the episodic late summer period these fluxes were as high as 5.2 and 6.2 mg N m−2 d−1, respectively. Non-episodic seasons/campaigns experienced average aerosol fluxes of 0.91.4 mg N m−2 d−1. Generally, the contribution of aerosol NH4+ was more significant in the medium and fine particulate fractions than that of aerosol NO3−, whereas the latter contributed more in the coarse fraction, especially in continental air-masses. During the dry mid-summer campaign, the DON contributed considerably (15%) to the total N-budget. Exceptionally high episodic aerosol-N inputs have been observed for the late summer campaign, with especially high deposition rates of 3.6 and 2.9 mg N m−2 d−1 for Atlantic/UK/Channel and North Sea-continental (mixed) air-masses, respectively. During this pollution episode, the flux of NH4+ was dominating in each aerosol fraction/air-mass, except for coarse continental aerosols. High deposition of gaseous-N was also observed in this campaign with an average total N-flux of 22.5-times higher than in other campaigns.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000268609000015	Publication Date	2009-04-17
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1352-2310	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:77255			Serial	7527
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Nakiboglu, G.; Gorlé, C.; Horvath, I.; van Beeck, J.; Blocken, B.
	Title	Stack gas dispersion measurements with large scale-PIV, aspiration probes and light scattering techniques and comparison with CFD			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Atmospheric environment : an international journal	Abbreviated Journal	Atmos Environ
	Volume	43	Issue	21	Pages	3396-3406
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	The main purpose of this research is to manage simultaneous measurement of velocity and concentration in large cross-sections by recording and processing images of cloud structures to provide more detailed information for e.g. validation of CFD simulations. Dispersion from an isolated stack in an Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) was chosen as the test case and investigated both experimentally and numerically in a wind tunnel. Large Scale-Particle Image Velocimetry (LS-PIV), which records cloud structures instead of individual particles, was used to obtain the velocity field in a vertical plane. The concentration field was determined by two methods: Aspiration Probe (AP) measurements and Light Scattering Technique (LST). In the latter approach, the same set of images used in the LS-PIV was employed. The test case was also simulated using the CFD solver FLUENT 6.3. Comparison between AP measurements and CFD revealed that there is good agreement when using a turbulent Schmidt number of 0.4. For the LST measurements, a non-linear relation between concentration and light intensity was observed and a hyperbolic-based function is proposed as correction function. After applying this correction function, a close agreement between CFD and LST measurements is obtained. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000267529600013	Publication Date	2009-04-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1352-2310;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.629	Times cited	15	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.629; 2009 IF: 3.139
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:94531			Serial	3147
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	Author	Buczyńska, A.J.; Krata, A.; Stranger, M.; Godoi, A.F.L.; Kontozova-Deutsch, V.; Bencs, L.; Naveau, I.; Roekens, E.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Atmospheric BTEX-concentrations in an area with intensive street traffic			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Atmospheric environment : an international journal	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	43	Issue	2	Pages	311-318
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The major threat to clean air in developed and industrializing countries is now posed by traffic emissions. The effects of traffic road modifications on the air quality are, however, rarely reported in the literature. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the modernization and renovation of a traffic artery in the region of Mortsel (Antwerp, Belgium) on the concentration of volatile organic compounds such as: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and m-, p-, o-xylenes (BTEX). The original goal of the reconstruction works was to reduce the traffic lanes of one of the busiest streets in Antwerp, in order to discourage the road traffic and in consequence also to improve the air quality in this region. The average concentrations of BTEX before these works in 2003 were: 1.6, 7.0, 0.9, 2.3, and 0.9 ìg/m3, for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m + p xylenes, and o-xylene, respectively. However, after the completion of the works, in 2005, they were slightly higher: 2.5, 9.5, 1.6, 3.4, and 1.3 ìg/m3, respectively. The scatter plots of benzene against toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes in 2003 and 2005 showed very good correlations. This fact indicated that all of the measured compounds originated from the same source, namely the road traffic. Moreover, the data obtained from an air-monitoring station at less than 6 km distance from the sampling site (operated by the Flemish Environment Agency, and located in Borgerhout, Antwerp), confirmed the lack of influence of background concentrations of BTEX. The obtained results led to the conclusion that the reduction of the number of traffic lanes had apparently increased the traffic jams and also increased the emission from cars. Therefore, these modernization works had even a negative impact on the local concentration of traffic-related pollutants as BTEX.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000262956500011	Publication Date	2008-10-18
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1352-2310	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:72925			Serial	7518
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Gorlé, C.; van Beeck, J.; Rambaud, P.; Van Tendeloo, G.
	Title	CFD modelling of small particle dispersion: the influence of the turbulence kinetic energy in the atmospheric boundary layer			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Atmospheric environment : an international journal	Abbreviated Journal	Atmos Environ
	Volume	43	Issue	3	Pages	673-681
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
	Abstract	When considering the modelling of small particle dispersion in the lower part of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) using Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes simulations, the particle paths depend on the velocity profile and on the turbulence kinetic energy, from which the fluctuating velocity components are derived to predict turbulent dispersion. It is therefore important to correctly reproduce the ABL, both for the velocity profile and the turbulence kinetic energy profile. For RANS simulations with the standard kå model, Richards and Hoxey (1993. Appropriate boundary conditions for computational wind engineering models using the kå turbulence model. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 4647, 145153.) proposed a set of boundary conditions which result in horizontally homogeneous profiles. The drawback of this method is that it assumes a constant profile of turbulence kinetic energy, which is not always consistent with field or wind tunnel measurements. Therefore, a method was developed which allows the modelling of a horizontally homogeneous turbulence kinetic energy profile that is varying with height. By comparing simulations performed with the proposed method to simulations performed with the boundary conditions described by Richards and Hoxey (1993. Appropriate boundary conditions for computational wind engineering models using the kå turbulence model. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 4647, 145153.), the influence of the turbulence kinetic energy on the dispersion of small particles over flat terrain is quantified.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000262737900023	Publication Date	2008-10-16
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1352-2310;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.629	Times cited	79	Open Access
	Notes	Iwt			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.629; 2009 IF: 3.139
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:76016			Serial	306
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	Author	Górka, M.; Jedrysek, M.O.; Maj, J.; Worobiec, A.; Buczyńska, A.; Stefaniak, E.; Krata, A.; Van Grieken, R.; Zwozdziak, A.; Sówka, I.; Zwozdziak, J.; Lewicka-Szczebak, D.
	Title	Comparative assessment of air quality in two health resorts using carbon isotopes and palynological analyses			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Atmospheric environment	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	43	Issue	3	Pages	682-688
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
	Abstract	This paper describes results of applying the palynological and carbon isotopic analysis of the organic fraction of Total Suspended Particles (TSP) to discriminate distinct pollution sources and assess the anthropogenic impact for the investigated areas. The samples of atmospheric particles were collected in Czerniawa and Cieplice (two health resorts in Lower Silesia, SW Poland) twice a year in summer and winter season (from July 2006 to February 2008). The palynological spectra represent in the vast majority local plant communities without a noticeable contribution of long-transported plant particles. Palynological analysis revealed also differences in the specificity of the two sampling areas, i.e. the higher contribution of identified organic material in Czerniawa stands for more natural character of this site, but is also responsible for the higher allergic pressure when compared to Cieplice. The carbon isotopic composition of TSP varied seasonally (ä13C value from −27.09 in summer to −25.47 in winter). The increased ä13C value in winter (heating period) is most probably caused by uncontrolled contribution of coal soot. On the basis of isotopic mass balance the calculated contribution of anthropogenic organic particles in the atmosphere reached in winter season 72% in Czerniawa and 79% in Cieplice.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000262737900024	Publication Date	2008-10-15
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1352-2310	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:72492			Serial	7686
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	Author	Beyers, E.; Biermans, E.; Ribbens, S.; de Witte, K.; Mertens, M.; Meynen, V.; Bals, S.; Van Tendeloo, G.; Vansant, E.F.; Cool, P.
	Title	Combined TiO₂/SiO₂ mesoporous photocatalysts with location and phase controllable TiO₂ nanoparticles			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Applied catalysis : B : environmental	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Catal B-Environ
	Volume	88	Issue	3/4	Pages	515-524
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Laboratory of adsorption and catalysis (LADCA)
	Abstract	Combined TiO2/SiO2 mesoporous materials were prepared by deposition of TiO2 nanoparticles synthesised via the acid-catalysed solgel method. In the first synthesis step a titania solution is prepared, by dissolving titaniumtetraisopropoxide in nitric acid. The influences of the initial titaniumtetraisopropoxide concentration and the temperature of dissolving on the final structural properties were investigated. In the second step of the synthesis, the titania nanoparticles were deposited on a silica support. Here, the influence of the temperature during deposition was studied. The depositions were carried out on two different mesoporous silica supports, SBA-15 and MCF, leading to substantial differences in the catalytic and structural properties. The samples were analysed with N2-sorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to obtain structural information, determining the amount of titania, the crystal phase and the location of the titania particles on the mesoporous material (inside or outside the mesoporous channels). The structural differences of the support strongly determine the location of the nanoparticles and the subsequent photocatalytic activity towards the degradation of rhodamine 6G in aqueous solution under UV irradiation.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000266513400032	Publication Date	2008-10-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0926-3373;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	9.446	Times cited	69	Open Access
	Notes	Goa-Bof; Fwo			Approved	Most recent IF: 9.446; 2009 IF: 5.252
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:77150			Serial	403
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	Author	Nguyen, H.L.; Braun, M.; Szaloki, I.; Baeyens, W.; Van Grieken, R.; Leermakers, M.
	Title	Tracing the metal pollution history of the Tisza River through the analysis of a sediment depth profile			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Water, air and soil pollution	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	200	Issue		Pages	119-132
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The vertical profiles of 20 major and trace metals were investigated along a 180-cm-long sediment core, which was sampled at Kiss-Janosne-Holt Tisza, an oxbow lake located in the upper part of the Tisza River in Hungary. The vertical profiles showed sharp peaks at different depths, reflecting historical pollution events and unusual changes of river water characteristics. Five different groups of metals, containing metals which were strongly correlated and showing a similar behaviour, could be distinguished by factor analysis. Six areas, with variable degrees and types of contamination, were classified in the sediment core with cluster analysis. The most polluted sections were found in the upper 50-cm part (significantly contaminated by Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and Hg) and the deeper 100120-cm part (characterised by high concentrations of metals associated with mining activities, such as Fe and Mn, as well as Cu, Zn and Pb). In recent years, important pollution events, such as the one which took place in March of 2000, were the reason for pollution of the upper sediment layers, whereas mining activities during the last century were responsible for the pollution of the deeper core sections.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000266487700012	Publication Date	2008-10-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-6979; 1573-2932	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:77257			Serial	8695
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