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Author |
Vos, L.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Matrix effects and analysis of biological material by spark source mass spectrometry |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
321 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
32-36 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Spark-source mass spectrometric analyses of synthetic simulated biological samples were performed to determine the importance of matrix effects. A correlation between the variation of the relative sensitivity coefficients (RSC's) and the spark plasma composition, hence plasma temperature, was found. The determined RSC's were used in the analysis of four biological standard reference materials. An accuracy of 1013% and detection limits between 0.005 and 0.5 ppm were obtained during analysis under normal conditions. |
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2004-11-14 |
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ISSN |
0016-1152 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116641 |
Serial |
8209 |
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Author |
Jambers, W.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
A message in the dust |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Analysis Europe |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Pages |
25-29 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:14638 |
Serial |
8216 |
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Author |
Van Grieken, R.E.; Johansson, T.B.; Winchester, J.W.; Odom, L. |
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Title |
Micro-determination of zirconium-hafnium ratios in zircons by proton induced X-ray emission |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
275 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
343-348 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The zirconium/hafnium ratios of zircons are determined using proton induced X-ray emission. Submilligram samples, imbedded in a starch layer and deposited on a 50 μg/cm2 polystyrene carrier, are irradiated for 1020 min with a 5 nA beam of 3.7 MeV protons, while the Hf-Lβ and Zr-Kα X-rays are counted with a Si(Li) detector. The standard deviation per analysis is in the 36 % range. Only few interferences are possible. To eliminate errors due to absorption effects the zircon layer thickness should be above 40 μm or reproducibly thin samples should be employed. Measuring the Hf-Lβ/Hf-Lα ratio for samples and standards might provide a practical check for the absence of absorption errors. The sensitivity is so favourable that, in practice, the minimal sample size is only limited by the minimal amount that can be handled properly. |
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2004-11-11 |
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0016-1152 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116636 |
Serial |
8231 |
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Author |
Deutsch, F.; Stranger, M.; Kaplinskii, A.E.; Samek, L.; Joos, P.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
On the impact of precipitation amount on the concentration of elements and ions in urban aerosol particles |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Atmospheric and oceanic optics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
850-855 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:43561 |
Serial |
8330 |
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Author |
Kontozova, V.; Godoi, R.; Krata, A.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Oszklenie ochronne i jego wpływ na średniowieczne okna witrazowe: z perspektywy chemii atmosfery: studium przypadku kaplica Sainte Chapelle w Paryzu |
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A3 Journal article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Analityka |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
3 |
Pages |
20-25 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:65079 |
Serial |
8349 |
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Author |
Margui, E.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Overview of most commonly used analytical techniques for elemental analysis |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Petro Industry News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
8-10 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1472-0590 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:114599 |
Serial |
8352 |
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Author |
Vanderborght, B.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Perspectieven voor energie-dispersieve X-stralen fluorescentie bij de wateranalyse |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Hydrographica |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
1 |
Issue |
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Pages |
19-26 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116643 |
Serial |
8375 |
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Author |
Chakravorty, R.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Radiochemical study of Cd, Co and Eu-coprecititation with iron hydroxide in seawater |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1986 |
Publication |
Mikrochimica acta |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue |
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Pages |
81-87 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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ISSN |
0344-838x |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116774 |
Serial |
8450 |
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Author |
Robberecht, H.; Deelstra, H.; vanden Berghe, D.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Selenium gehalten van levensmiddelen geconsumeerd in België |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Revue des fermentations et des industries alimentaires |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
37 |
Issue |
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Pages |
188-201 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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ISSN |
0035-2071 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116701 |
Serial |
8507 |
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Author |
Koutsenogii, P.K.; van Malderen, H.; Hoornaert, S.; Van Grieken, R.; Koutsenogii, K.P.; Boufetov, N.; Makarov, V.I.; Smoljakov, B.S.; Nemirovski, A.M.; Osipova, L.P.; Krjukov, J.A.; Ivakin, E.A.; Posukh, O.L.; Bronstein, E.L. |
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Title |
Siberian Haze: complex study of aerosols in Siberia |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Optics of the atmosphere and ocean |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
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Pages |
712-719 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:14652 |
Serial |
8521 |
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Author |
Van Grieken, R.; Speecke, A.; Hoste, J. |
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Title |
Simultaneous determination of silicon and phosphorus in cast iron by 14 MeV neutron activation analysis |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1970 |
Publication |
Journal of radioanalytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
385-398 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
A fast (10 min), non-destructive simultaneous determination of silicon and phosphorus in cast iron and steel by 14 MeV neutron activation was developed. The 1.78 MeV28Al activity (T=2.24 min) induced by the reaction28Si(n, p)28Al is counted on a NaI(Tl) detector. Two measurements are made to correct for the 1.81 MeV56Mn activity (T=2.58 hr) from the iron matrix. However,28Al is also produced via31P(n, α)28Al. By (n, 2n) reaction, phosphorus yields also30P (T=2.6 min), the 0.511 MeV annihilation radiation of which is counted by two opposite NaI(Tl) detectors in coincidence. Again, two successive coincidence measurements are carried out in order to take into account the53Fe activity (β+; T=8.9 min) from54Fe(n, 2n)53Fe. The28Al measurement is appropriately corrected via the computed phosphorus content. An oxygen flux monitor was used to normalize to the same flux. Nuclear interferences have been examined. Special attention has been paid to the presence of copper. The standard deviation for phosphorus being as high as ca. 0.09% P for a single determination, this technique can only be practical as an independent phosphorus analysis for high phosphorus cast irons. The precision on the28Al measurement is 5% relative for 0.2% Si and 2.5% above 1% Si. |
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2006-10-11 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0134-0719; 2064-2857 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116450 |
Serial |
8528 |
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Author |
Török, S.; Sandor, S.; Xhoffer, C.; Van Grieken, R.; Meszaros, E.; Molnar, A. |
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Title |
Single particle analysis of Hungarian background aerosol |
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A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Idojaras: quarterly journal of the Hungarian Meteorological Service |
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Volume |
96 |
Issue |
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Pages |
223-233 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:2847 |
Serial |
8532 |
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Author |
Shani, J.; Barak, S.; Levi, D.; Ram, M.; Schachner, E.R.; Schlesinger, T.; Robberecht, H.; Van Grieken, R.; Avrach, W.W. |
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Title |
Skin penetration of minerals in psoriatics and guinea-pigs bathing in hypertonic salt solutions |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Pharmacological research communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
17 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
501-512 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Penetration of electrolytes through the human skin was measured in healthy volunteers and in psoriatic patients after bathing in the Dead-Sea or in simulated bath-salt solutions. Significant increases in the levels of serum Br, Rb, Ca and Zn were noticed only in the psoriatic patients after daily bathing in the Dead-Sea for a 4-week regimen. Guinea-pigs bathed in simulated Dead-Sea bath-salt solutions containing radionuclides of Ca, Mg, K and Br. Traces of each radionuclide were detected in the blood and in some internal organs after 60 minutes of bathing. The radionuclides showed a physiological pattern in their organ distribution. Even though the whole investigation was carried out in hypertonic solutions, there is a definite penetration of salts through healthy (human and guinea-pigs) and damaged (psoriatic) epidermis. This finding suggests that improvement of the psoriatic condition after bathing in the Dead-Sea, may be partly attributed (in addition to ultraviolet irradiation) to the minerals' effect on the psoriatic skin. |
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2006-07-20 |
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ISSN |
0031-6989 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116755 |
Serial |
8547 |
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Author |
Van Grieken, R.; Speecke, A.; Hoste, J. |
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Title |
Spatial neutron flux distributions around A 14 MeV neutron generator |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1972 |
Publication |
Journal of radioanalytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
95-104 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The neutron flux distribution in the vicinity of 30, 20 and 10 mm diameter targets is measured by irradiating concentric ring-type iron monitors at different distances from the target and counting the induced56Mn activity. Considering the many uncertainties, satisfactory agreement was found between theory and experiment. |
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2006-11-07 |
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ISSN |
0134-0719; 2064-2857 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116452 |
Serial |
8567 |
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Author |
Margui, E.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
State-of-the-art X-ray fluorescence instrumentation for chemical analysis |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Petro Industry News |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
June/July |
Pages |
16-18 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Nowadays, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) is a well-established analytical technique for qualitative and quantitative elemental analysis (sometimes from Be to U) of a wide variety of samples. In particular, the truly multi-element character, acceptable speed and economy, ease of automation and the possibility to directly analyse solid samples are the most important features among the many that have made it a very mature analytical tool for routine quality controls in many industries, as well as for analytical support for the research laboratory.e recent technological advances, including the design of low-power micro-focus tubes and the novel X-ray optics and detectors have made it possible to extend XRF to the determination of low-Z elements and to obtain 2D or 3D information on a micrometre-scale. Furthermore, the recent development and commercialisation of benchtop and portable instrumentation, that offer extreme simplicity of operation in a low-cost design, have promoted even more the approach of XRF for many analytical problems.is article highlights this state-of-the art technique with regards to currently available XRF instrumentation on the market as well as recent applications in environmental and industrial fields. |
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1472-0590 |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:109342 |
Serial |
8581 |
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Author |
Rojas, C.M.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Cantillano, M.E. |
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Title |
Study of the Antarctic aerosol using X-ray fluorescence and single particle analysis |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Scientific series of the Chilean Antarctic Institute (Ser. Cinet. INACH) |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
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Pages |
37-45 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:2839 |
Serial |
8604 |
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Author |
Smits, J.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Synthesis of a chelating cellulose filter with 2,2-diaminodiethylamine functional groups |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1978 |
Publication |
Zeitschrift für angewandte Makromolekare Chemie |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
72 |
Issue |
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Pages |
105-113 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116644 |
Serial |
8637 |
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Author |
Verbueken, A.; Michiels, E.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Total analysis of plant material and biological tissue by spark source mass spectrometry |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1981 |
Publication |
Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
309 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
300-304 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Analysis of biological material by spark source mass spectrometry is reported. Preliminary studies mainly based upon the analysis of the NBS standard reference material SRM-1571 (Orchard Leaves) are described. Attention is drawn to the importance of a suitable sample preparation method. The advantages of a wet digestion technique in a Teflon bomb are discussed and its use is justified by the satisfactory overall analysis precision of about 20%. |
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2004-11-15 |
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ISSN |
0016-1152 |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116639 |
Serial |
8675 |
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Author |
Artaxo, P.; Rabello, M.L.C.; Maenhaut, W.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Trace elements and individual particle analysis of atmospheric aerosols from the Antarctic peninsula |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Tellus |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
44b |
Issue |
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Pages |
318-334 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:2845 |
Serial |
8689 |
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Author |
Costa Dantas, C.; Moura de Amorim, W.; Van 't dack, L.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Trace elements in the atmospheric aerosols and soils in and around Recife, N.E. Brasil |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1980 |
Publication |
Ciencia e cultura |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
32 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1525-1532 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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ISSN |
0009-6725 |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:111434 |
Serial |
8690 |
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Author |
Vanderstappen, M.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Trace metal analysis of sediments and particulate matter in sea water by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
282 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
25-30 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The capability of energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence was investigated for fast and simple chemical analysis of trace elements in sediments and particulate matter in sea water. Nuclepore 0.4 μm pore-size membranes are recommended as optimal filters for a straightforward collection of suspended material. The collection of suspended trace metals by filtration seemed to give a sufficiently homogeneous filter load (s% <2.5). Data are presented on the concentrations of K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Pb, Rb and Sr with a fair precision (s% < 5.6) and accuracy. |
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2004-11-12 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0016-1152 |
ISBN |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116637 |
Serial |
8691 |
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Author |
Deutsch, F.; Stranger, M.; Kaplinskii, A.E.; Samek, L.; Joos, P.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
O vlijanii kolitsjestva osadkov na kontsentratsioe elementov i ionov v tsjastitsach gorodskogo aerozolja |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Optika atmospheri i okeana |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
927-932 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:43705 |
Serial |
8738 |
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Author |
Vleugels, G.J.; Van Grieken, R.E. |
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Title |
Weathering of treated and untreated limestones in atmospheric exposures |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Journal of preservation technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
23 |
Issue |
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Pages |
48-51 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:4320 |
Serial |
8755 |
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Author |
Van Grieken, R.; Potgieter-Vermaak, S.; Darchuk, L.; Worobiec, A. |
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Title |
X ray fluorescence in member states: Belgium: integration of analysis techniques of different scales using X ray induced and electron induced X ray spectrometry for applications in preventive conservation and environmental monitoring |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
XRF newsletter |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
18 |
Pages |
9-13 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP) |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:81898 |
Serial |
8766 |
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Author |
Van Alsenoy, W.; Bernard, P.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Zware metalen in Noordzee- en Schelde-sedimenten |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Wtare |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
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Pages |
113-121 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116829 |
Serial |
8787 |
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Author |
Silva, F.S.; Godoi, R.H.M.; Tauler, R.; de André, P.A.; Saldiva, P.H.N.; Van Grieken, R.; de Marchi, M.R.R. |
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Title |
Elemental composition of PM2.5 in Araraquara City (Southeast Brazil) during seasons with and without sugar cane burning |
Type |
A2 Journal article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Journal of environmental protection |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
426-434 |
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Keywords |
A2 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter below 2.5 μm (PM2.5), present in polluted air, has been associated with a large spectrum of health impairments, mainly because of its deep deposition into the lungs. Araraquara City (Southeast Brazil) is surrounded by sugar-cane plantations, which are burned to facilitate the harvesting; this process causes environmental pollution due to the large amounts of soot that are released into the atmosphere. In this work, the elemental composition of PM2.5 was studied in two scenarios, namely in sugar-cane harvesting (HV) and in non-harvesting (NHV) seasons. The sampling strategy included one campaign in each season. PM2.5 was collected using a dichotomous sampler (10 L·min-1, 24 h) with PTFE filters. Information concerning the bulk elemental concentration was provided by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence. Enrichment factor analysis indicated that S, Cl, K, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb were highly enriched relative to their crustal ratios (to Al). Principal component analysis was used to get some insight about the sources of the elements. Principal component 1 (PC1) explained 30.5% of data variance. The elements that had high loading (>0.7) were: S, Cr, As, and Pb; these are associated with combustion of fossil fuels. In principal component 2 (PC2), Cl, Cu, Zn, and Cd showed high loadings; these elements are associated with biomass burning. The Ni concentration found is three times larger than the threshold of risk for lung cancer, as recommended by the World Health Organization. |
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Publication Date |
2015-05-04 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2152-2197 |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:125885 |
Serial |
7891 |
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Author |
Van Grieken, R.; Stranger, M. |
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Title |
Fijn stof en pollutiegassen in de binnenlucht |
Type |
A2 Journal article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
ARGUS milieumagazine |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
4 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
18 |
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Keywords |
A2 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1379-4957 |
ISBN |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:58863 |
Serial |
7967 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Roekens, E.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Gevolgen van luchtverontreiniging op historische gebouwen |
Type |
A2 Journal article |
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Year |
1987 |
Publication |
Ons erfdeel |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
30 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
361-366 |
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Keywords |
A2 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0030-2651 |
ISBN |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:116776 |
Serial |
8003 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Potgieter-Vermaak, S.; Van Grieken, R.; Potgieter, H. |
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Title |
Die risikoprofiel van Pb en Cr in stedelike padstof |
Type |
A2 Journal article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Litnet akademies : 'n joernaal vir die geesteswetenskappe |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1-22 |
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Keywords |
A2 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The risk profile of Cr and Pb in urban road deposited sediment Exponential urbanisation and industrial growth occur on a global scale and result in an ecological burden, of which one important part is pollution. It is well known that the extent of air pollution has escalated over the past two decades in several parts of the world, despite mitigating measures and legislation. Current research points to the fact that air pollution in urban and industrial areas is substantially different from that found in rural areas. Road dust (RD) contributes up to 35% of airborne particulate matter due to resuspension thereof, and poses a health concern due to carcinogenic and toxic components potentially present in the micron-sized fractions. Although literature does report on the concentrations of trace, toxic metals and metalloids present in RD (Hooker and Nathanail 2006), the molecular make-up of particulates generated due to the resuspension of the RD is not well documented. In vitro and animal toxicological studies have confirmed that the chemical composition of inhaled particles plays a major role in its toxic, genotoxic and carcinogenic mechanisms, but the component-specific toxic effects are still not understood. Transition metals binding to air particle matter can result in reactive oxygen species in the human body (particularly in the lungs), and this is a significant risk, especially for vulnerable population groups like elderly people, children and terminally ill patients. The characterisation of the molecular composition of the fine fraction is evidently of importance for public health. During an earlier study, road dust from an inner-city environment in the UK was collected and partially characterised (Barrett e.a. 2010). These same-size fractions were analysed for their elemental concentrations, using X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRFS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). In addition, single-particle analysis was performed on the different fractions by means of Computer Controlled Electron Probe X-ray Micro Analysis (CC-EPXMA) and their molecular structure probed by studying elemental associations. These findings were correlated with Micro Raman Spectroscopy (MRS) results. It was found that the fine fraction (<38 μm) had the highest Pb (238 ppm) and Cr (171 ppm) concentrations. The CC-EPXMA data showed >50% association of Cr-rich particles with Pb and the MRS data showed that the Cr was mostly present as lead chromate and therefore in the Cr(VI) oxidation state. Concentrations of both Pb and Cr decreased substantially (279 (<38 mm) 13 ppm (<1mm); 171 (<38 mm) 91 ppm (<1mm) respectively) in the larger fractions. Apart from rather alarmingly high concentrations of oxidative stressors (Cu, Fe, Mn), the carcinogenic and toxic potential of the inhalable fraction is evident. Preliminary bioaccessibility data indicated that both Cr and Pb are readily |
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1995-5928 |
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UA library record |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:102566 |
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8482 |
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Author |
Struyf, H.; van Vaeck, L.; Kennis, P.; Gijbels, R.; van Grieken, R. |
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Chemical characterization of neo-ceramic powders by time-of-flight and Fourier transform laser microprobe mass spectrometry |
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A1 Journal article |
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1996 |
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Rapid communications in mass spectrometry |
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Rapid Commun Mass Sp |
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10 |
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6 |
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699-706 |
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A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Laser microprobe mass spectrometry (LMMS) aims at the identification of local organic and inorganic constituents at the surface of solids, The low mass resolution capabilities of the initially used time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometers have often proved to be insufficient for identification, Therefore, high mass resolution Fourier transform (ET) LMMS was developed, Neo-ceramic powders with oxide or carbide coatings were analyzed by both FT LMMS and TOF LMMS, The data are useful to compare the analytical information gained from both methods, Analytical results of these samples by electron microprobe x-ray analysis (EPXMA) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) are discussed to assess the place of FT LMMS and TOF LMMS in the spectrum of microanalytical techniques. |
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London |
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A1996UJ50200016 |
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2002-09-10 |
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0951-4198;1097-0231; |
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UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
2.253 |
Times cited |
11 |
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UA @ lucian @ c:irua:12363 |
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346 |
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