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“Inferring episodic atmospheric iron fluxes in the Western South Atlantic”. Evangelista H, Maldonado J, dos Santos EA, Godoi RHM, Garcia CAE, Garcia VMT, Johnson E, da Cunha KD, Leite CB, Van Grieken R, van Meel K, Makarovska Y, Gaiero DM, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 44, 703 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2009.11.018
Abstract: Iron (Fe) and other trace elements such as Zn, Mn, Ni and Cu are known as key-factors in marine biogeochemical cycles. It is believed that ocean primary productivity blooms in iron deficient regions can be triggered by iron in aeolian dust. Up to now, scarce aerosol elemental composition, based on measurements over sea at the Western South Atlantic (WSA), exist. An association between the Patagonian semi-desert dust/Fe and chlorophyll-a variability at the Argentinean continental shelf is essentially inferred from models. We present here experimental data of Fe enriched aerosols over the WSA between latitudes 22°S62°S, during 4 oceanographic campaigns between 2002 and 2005. These data allowed inferring the atmospheric Fe flux onto different latitudinal bands which varied from 30.4 to 1688 nmolFe m−2 day−1 (October 29thNovember 15th, 2003); 5.831586 nmolFe m−2 day−1 (February 15thMarch 6th, 2004) and 4.73586 nmolFe m−2 day−1(October 21stNovember 5th, 2005).
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2009.11.018
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“Inhable particulate matter from lime industries: chemical composition and deposition in human respiratory tract”. Godoi RHM, Braga DM, Makarovska Y, Alfoldy B, Carvalho Filho MAS, Van Grieken R, Godoi AFL, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 42, 7027 (2008). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2008.07.002
Abstract: Air pollution caused by the lime production industry has become a serious problem with potential effects to human health, especially in developing countries. Colombo is a city included in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba (capital of Parana State) in South Brazil. In Colombo city, a correlation has been shown between the lime production and the number of persons who need respiratory treatment in a local hospital, indicating that the lime industry can cause deleterious health effects in the exposed workers and population. This research was conducted to deal firstly with the characterization of the size distribution and chemical compositions of particles emitted from lime manufacturing and subsequently to assess the deposition rate of inhaled dolomitic lime aerosol particles in the human respiratory tract. The elemental chemical composition and particle size of individual atmospheric particles was quantitatively elucidated, including low-Z components like C, N and 0, as well as higher-Z elements, using automated electron probe microanalysis. Information concerning the bulk composition is provided by energy-dispersive X-ray detection. The majority of the respirable particulate matter identified was composed of aluminosilicates, Ca-Mg oxides, carbon-rich particles, mixtures of organic particles and Ca-Mg carbonates, soot and biogenic particles. In view of the chemical composition and size distribution of the aerosol particles, local deposition efficiencies in the human respiratory system were calculated, revealing the deposition of CaO center dot MgO at extrathoracic, tracheobronchial and pulmonary levels. The results of this study offer evidence to the threat of the fine and coarse particles emitted from dolomite lime manufacturing, allowing policy-makers to better focus their mitigation strategies in an effective way, as well as to the dolomite producers for the purpose of designing and/or implementing improved emission controls.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2008.07.002
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“Origin and growth of weathering crusts on ancient marbles in industrial atmosphere”. Moropoulou A, Bisbikou K, Torfs K, Van Grieken R, Zezza F, Macri F, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 32, 967 (1998). http://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00129-5
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00129-5
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“Seasonal and site-specific variation in vapour and aerosol phase PAHs over Flanders (Belgium) and their relation with anthropogenic activities”. Ravindra K, Bencs L, Wauters E, de Hoog J, Deutsch F, Roekens E, Bleux N, Berghmans P, Van Grieken R, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 40, 771 (2006). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2005.10.011
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2005.10.011
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“The shielding effect of the protective glazing of historical stained glass windows from an atmospheric chemistry perspective: case study Sainte Chapelle, Paris”. Godoi RHM, Kontozova V, Van Grieken R, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 40, 1255 (2006). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2005.10.033
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2005.10.033
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“Speciation and diurnal variation of thoracic, fine thoracic and sub-micrometer airborne particulate matter at naturally ventilated office environments”. Horemans B, Van Grieken R, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 44, 1497 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2010.01.010
Abstract: Thoracic (PM10), fine thoracic (PM2.5) and sub-micrometer (PM1) airborne particulate matter was sampled during day and night. In total, about 100 indoor and outdoor samples were collected for each fraction at ten different office environments. Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and ion chromatography were applied for the quantification of some major and minor elements and ions in the collected aerosols. During daytime, mass concentrations were in the ranges: 1129, 8.124, and 6.618 μg m−3, with averages of 20 ± 1, 15.0 ± 0.9, and 11.0 ± 0.8 μg m−3, respectively. At night, mass concentrations were found to be significantly lower for all fractions. Indoor PM1 concentrations exceeded the corresponding outdoor levels during office hours and were thought to be elevated by office printers. Particles with diameters between 1 and 2.5 μm and 2.5 and 10 μm were mainly associated with soil dust elements and were clearly subjected to distinct periods of settling/resuspension. Indoor NO3 − levels were found to follow specific microclimatic conditions at the office environments, while daytime levels of sub-micrometer Cl− were possibly elevated by the use of Cl-containing cleaning products. Indoor carbon black concentrations were sometimes as high as 22 μg m−3 and were strongly correlated with outdoor traffic conditions.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2010.01.010
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“Thin-window electron probe X-ray microanalysis of individual atmospheric particles above the North Sea”. de Hoog J, Osán J, Szalóki I, Eyckmans K, Worobiec A, Ro C-U, Van Grieken R, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 39, 3231 (2005). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2005.02.025
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2005.02.025
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“Weathering of dolomitic sandstone under ambient conditions”. Sweevers H, Delalieux F, Van Grieken R, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 32, 733 (1998). http://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00341-5
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00341-5
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“Atmospheric trace element concentrations in Jerusalem, Israel”. Malenky B, Van Grieken R, Van 't dack L, Luria M, Atmospheric environment 17, 819 (1983). http://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(83)90432-8
Abstract: Trace elements found in aerosols were monitored in Jerusalem during the 1979 winter season utilizing an X-ray fluoresence technique. Most of the particulate mass was associated with the natural soil elements, such as Ca, Fe, K and Ti. Only a small fraction of the mass was comprised of elements clearly emitted from human sources, e.g. Pb, Br, V, Ni and Zn. An excellent correspondence was found between the enrichment factors observed in this study and those postulated for other parts of the world. However, the concentration of Ca and Sr in the Jerusalem suspended dust is substantially higher when compared with world averages of urban aerosols.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0004-6981(83)90432-8
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“Classification of suspended particles in deposition samples and run-off water samples from a limestone cathedral”. Leysen LA, Roekens EJ, Storms H, Van Grieken RE, Atmospheric environment 21, 2425 (1987). http://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(87)90377-5
Abstract: In a study on the mechanism of the air-pollution induced deterioration of the limestone St. Rombouts cathedral in Mechelen, Belgium, automated electron-probe X-ray micro-analysis combined with multivariate analysis was used to characterize the suspension particles in run-off water and in local wet and dry deposition samples. Altogether about 10,000 individual particles were sized, analyzed and classified, according to their chemical composition. It was found that the run-off water samples were highly enriched in CaCO3 particles, resulting from the stone-erosion by overflowing rainwater, while the Si-rich group was the most abundant one in the deposition samples. Several other particle types were found. Ion chromatography analysis of the run-off water showed 2001700mg l−1 of sulphate and 20110mg l−1 of nitrate.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0004-6981(87)90377-5
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“Comparative assessment of air quality in two health resorts using carbon isotopes and palynological analyses”. Górka M, Jedrysek MO, Maj J, Worobiec A, Buczyńska A, Stefaniak E, Krata A, Van Grieken R, Zwozdziak A, Sówka I, Zwozdziak J, Lewicka-Szczebak D, Atmospheric environment 43, 682 (2009). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2008.09.056
Abstract: This paper describes results of applying the palynological and carbon isotopic analysis of the organic fraction of Total Suspended Particles (TSP) to discriminate distinct pollution sources and assess the anthropogenic impact for the investigated areas. The samples of atmospheric particles were collected in Czerniawa and Cieplice (two health resorts in Lower Silesia, SW Poland) twice a year in summer and winter season (from July 2006 to February 2008). The palynological spectra represent in the vast majority local plant communities without a noticeable contribution of long-transported plant particles. Palynological analysis revealed also differences in the specificity of the two sampling areas, i.e. the higher contribution of identified organic material in Czerniawa stands for more natural character of this site, but is also responsible for the higher allergic pressure when compared to Cieplice. The carbon isotopic composition of TSP varied seasonally (ä13C value from −27.09 in summer to −25.47 in winter). The increased ä13C value in winter (heating period) is most probably caused by uncontrolled contribution of coal soot. On the basis of isotopic mass balance the calculated contribution of anthropogenic organic particles in the atmosphere reached in winter season 72% in Czerniawa and 79% in Cieplice.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2008.09.056
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“Comparison of 3 dry deposition models applied to field-measurements in the Southern Bight of the North-Sea”. Rojas CM, Van Grieken RE, Laane RW, Atmospheric environment 27, 363 (1993). http://doi.org/10.1016/0960-1686(93)90110-K
Abstract: Dry deposition velocities have been calculated using three different approaches. Turbulent wind profile theory has been used to predict the drag coefficient, wind speed and friction velocity at 10 m height when the wind speed is measured at a higher altitude. The resulting parameters were introduced in a two-layer deposition model. The second approach was the well-known model of Slinn and Slinn (1980, Atmospheric Environment 14, 1013-1016), whereas the third corresponded to the model published by Williams (1982, Atmospheric Environment 16, 1933 1938). Results point to clear differences. However, in a field experiment carried out at the Southern Bight of the North Sea, all three approaches show relatively comparable results. The role played by the size distribution of atmospheric particulate matter is essential. In our case any of the three models could have given satisfactory outcomes taking into account the wide spread of the experimental results cited in the literature for the same airshed.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0960-1686(93)90110-K
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“Direct detection of sulfate and nitrate layers on sampled marine aerosols by laser microprobe mass analysis”. Bruynseels F, Van Grieken R, Atmospheric environment 19, 1969 (1985). http://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(85)90023-X
Abstract: The direct detection of sulfate and nitrate layers on sampled marine aerosols was carried out by laser microprobe mass analysts.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0004-6981(85)90023-X
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“Rates of air pollution induced surface recession and material loss for a cathedral in Belgium”. Roekens E, Van Grieken R, Atmospheric environment 23, 271 (1989). http://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(89)90119-4
Abstract: Runoff water samples were taken at the St. Rombout's Cathedral (Mechelen, Belgium), which was constructed with sandy limestones of Balegem and Gobertingen. Gypsum appeared to be the principal deterioration compound. The mean annual surface recession from the cathedral was calculated to be around 20 μm. Yearly several tons of stone material are flushed away from the cathedral with the rain water.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0004-6981(89)90119-4
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“Mineral dust variability in central West Antarctica associated with ozone depletion”. Cataldo, Evangelista H, Simões JC, Godoi RHM, Simmonds I, Hollanda MH, Wainer I, Aquino FE, Van Grieken R, Atmospheric chemistry and physics discussions 12, 12685 (2012). http://doi.org/10.5194/ACPD-12-12685-2012
Abstract: Here we show that mineral dust retrieved from an ice core in the central West Antarctic sector, spanning the last five decades, provides evidence that northerly air mass incursions into Antarctica, tracked by dust microparticles, have slightly declined. This result contrasts with dust in ice core records reported in West/coastal Antarctica, which show significant increases to the present day. We attribute that difference, in part, to changes in the regional climate regime triggered by the ozone depletion and its consequences for the polar vortex intensity. The vortex maintains the Antarctic central region relatively isolated from mid-latitude air mass incursions with implications to the intensification of the Westerlies and to a persistent positive phase of the Southern Annular Mode. We also show that variability of the diameter of insoluble microparticles in central West Antarctica can be modeled by linear/quadratic functions of both cyclone depth (energy) and wind intensity around Antarctica.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.5194/ACPD-12-12685-2012
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“Mineral dust variability in central West Antarctica associated with ozone depletion”. Cataldo M, Evangelista H, Simões JC, Godoi RHM, Simmonds I, Hollanda MH, Wainer I, Aquino F, Van Grieken R, Atmospheric chemistry and physics 13, 2165 (2013). http://doi.org/10.5194/ACP-13-2165-2013
Abstract: We present here data of mineral dust variability retrieved from an ice core of the central West Antarctic, spanning the last five decades. Main evidence provided by the geochemical analysis is that northerly air mass incursions to the coring site, tracked by insoluble dust microparticles, have declined over the past 50 yr. This result contrasts with dust records from ice cores reported to the coastal West Antarctic that show increases since mid-20th century. We attribute this difference to regional climatic changes due to the ozone depletion and its implications to westerly winds. We found that the diameters of insoluble microparticles in the central West Antarctica ice core are significantly correlated with cyclone depth (energy) and wind intensity around Antarctica.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.5194/ACP-13-2165-2013
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“Analysis of individual aerosol particles in Siberian region: provisional results”. van Malderen H, Van Grieken R, Khodzher TV, Bufetov NS, Koutsenogii KP, Atmospheric and oceanic optics 7, 622 (1994)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“On the impact of precipitation amount on the concentration of elements and ions in urban aerosol particles”. Deutsch F, Stranger M, Kaplinskii AE, Samek L, Joos P, Van Grieken R, Atmospheric and oceanic optics 16, 850 (2003)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Media optimization, strain compatibility, and low-shear modeled microgravity exposure of synthetic microbial communities for urine nitrification in regenerative life-support systems”. Ilgrande C, Defoirdt T, Vlaeminck SE, Boon N, Clauwaert P, Astrobiology 19, 1353 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1089/AST.2018.1981
Abstract: Urine is a major waste product of human metabolism and contains essential macro- and micronutrients to produce edible microorganisms and crops. Its biological conversion into a stable form can be obtained through urea hydrolysis, subsequent nitrification, and organics removal, to recover a nitrate-enriched stream, free of oxygen demand. In this study, the utilization of a microbial community for urine nitrification was optimized with the focus for space application. To assess the role of selected parameters that can impact ureolysis in urine, the activity of six ureolytic heterotrophs (Acidovorax delafieldii, Comamonas testosteroni, Cupriavidus necator, Delftia acidovorans, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Vibrio campbellii) was tested at different salinities, urea, and amino acid concentrations. The interaction of the ureolytic heterotrophs with a nitrifying consortium (Nitrosomonas europaea ATCC 19718 and Nitrobacter winogradskyi ATCC 25931) was also tested. Lastly, microgravity was simulated in a clinostat utilizing hardware for in-flight experiments with active microbial cultures. The results indicate salt inhibition of the ureolysis at 30 mS cm(-1), while amino acid nitrogen inhibits ureolysis in a strain-dependent manner. The combination of the nitrifiers with C. necator and V. campbellii resulted in a complete halt of the urea hydrolysis process, while in the case of A. delafieldii incomplete nitrification was observed, and nitrite was not oxidized further to nitrate. Nitrate production was confirmed in all the other communities; however, the other heterotrophic strains most likely induced oxygen competition in the test setup, and nitrite accumulation was observed. Samples exposed to low-shear modeled microgravity through clinorotation behaved similarly to the static controls. Overall, nitrate production from urea was successfully demonstrated with synthetic microbial communities under terrestrial and simulated space gravity conditions, corroborating the application of this process in space.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1089/AST.2018.1981
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“Reactivation of microbial strains and synthetic communities after a spaceflight to the International Space Station : corroborating the feasibility of essential conversions in the MELiSSA Loop”. Ilgrande C, Mastroleo F, Christiaens MER, Lindeboom REF, Prat D, Van Hoey O, Ambrozova I, Coninx I, Heylen W, Pommerening-Roser A, Spieck E, Boon N, Vlaeminck SE, Leys N, Clauwaert P, Astrobiology 19, 1167 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1089/AST.2018.1973
Abstract: To sustain human deep space exploration or extra-terrestrial settlements where no resupply from the Earth or other planets is possible, technologies for in situ food production, water, air, and waste recovery need to be developed. The Micro-Ecological Life Support System Alternative (MELiSSA) is such a Regenerative Life Support System (RLSS) and it builds on several bacterial bioprocesses. However, alterations in gravity, temperature, and radiation associated with the space environment can affect survival and functionality of the microorganisms. In this study, representative strains of different carbon and nitrogen metabolisms with application in the MELiSSA were selected for launch and Low Earth Orbit (LEO) exposure. An edible photoautotrophic strain (Arthrospira sp. PCC 8005), a photoheterotrophic strain (Rhodospirillum rubrum S1H), a ureolytic heterotrophic strain (Cupriavidus pinatubonensis 1245), and combinations of C. pinatubonensis 1245 and autotrophic ammonia and nitrite oxidizing strains (Nitrosomonas europaea ATCC19718, Nitrosomonas ureae Nm10, and Nitrobacter winogradskyi Nb255) were sent to the International Space Station (ISS) for 7 days. There, the samples were exposed to 2.8 mGy, a dose 140 times higher than on the Earth, and a temperature of 22 degrees C +/- 1 degrees C. On return to the Earth, the cultures were reactivated and their growth and activity were compared with terrestrial controls stored under refrigerated (5 degrees C +/- 2 degrees C) or room temperature (22 degrees C +/- 1 degrees C and 21 degrees C +/- 0 degrees C) conditions. Overall, no difference was observed between terrestrial and ISS samples. Most cultures presented lower cell viability after the test, regardless of the type of exposure, indicating a harsher effect of the storage and sample preparation than the spaceflight itself. Postmission analysis revealed the successful survival and proliferation of all cultures except for Arthrospira, which suffered from the premission depressurization test. These observations validate the possibility of launching, storing, and reactivating bacteria with essential functionalities for microbial bioprocesses in RLSS.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1089/AST.2018.1973
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“The rediscovered portrait of Prospero Farinacci by Caravaggio”. Cardinali M, De Ruggieri MB, Leone G, Prohaska W, Alfeld M, Janssens K, Artibus et historiae : an art anthology , 249 (2016)
Abstract: Caravaggio's early production as a portrait painter is still the subject of research and a fount of enigmas. Despite the numerous citations in documents, only rarely have these been linked unequivocally to paintings known to date. This is also the case with the `portrait of Farinaccio criminalist painted on a head-size canvas believed to be by Michelangelo from Caravaggio', that was listed in the 1638 inventory of the Marquis Giustiniani and with `the speaker wearing a robe, painted by Caravaggio' on a head-size canvas, owned in 1652 by Caterina Campani, Onorio Longhi's wife. The present multidisciplinary research examines the rediscovery of the portrait of Prospero Farinacci by Caravaggio. The painting, undisclosed until now, hides an underlying female portrait. The authors investigate both compositions from a technical, iconographical and critical point of view, supporting Caravaggio's attribution. The technical researches allow cross-validation in the brushwork and materials of the picture, compared to Caravaggio's early painting technique and style. The portrait of Maffeo Barberini, recently re-ascribed to Caravaggio, shows a significant similarity, while the underlying woman of the retrieved painting closely resembles the gipsy of the Louvre Fortune Teller. In addition, a newly introduced and advanced imaging technique (MaXRF) has detected on the male portrait the feature of the lawyer's robe, which supports the identification with Prospero Farinacci. The intriguing topic of physiognomic accuracy versus stylizing tendency in Caravaggio's portraiture is considered with the aid of Giulio Mancini's observations. Besides, the possible interpretation of the underlying figure as a religious subject sheds a light on the obscure activity of the young Caravaggio in Lorenzo Carli's workshop, recently brought to scholars' attention by new documents and hypotheses.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Young Anthony van Dyck revisited : a multidisciplinary approach to a portrait once attributed to Peter Paul Rubens”. Van der Stighelen K, Janssens K, van der Snickt G, Alfeld M, Van Beneden B, Demarsin B, Proesmans M, Marchal G, Dik J, Art matters : international journal for technical art history 6, 21 (2014)
Abstract: Part of the collection of the Rubens House in Antwerp is a portrait of young Anthony van Dyck, alternatively attributed to Peter Paul Rubens and his pupil Anthony van Dyck. In order to reconstruct the genesis of the portrait in a manner that improves upon past investigations, a number of high-end technological methods, such as X-radiography, X-ray computer tomography, mammographic tomosynthesis and macroscopic X-ray fluorescence, have been employed to render the overpainted layers visible again. The results of the interdisciplinary examinations of the portrait of the youthful Van Dyck are impressive. The combined results allow the later additions to be peeled away until the original composition can be reached. Several pentimenti are easily discernible and refer to a rather immature hand that makes the authorship of Peter Paul Rubens very unlikely. What emerges is a portrait of an ambitious young man with a luxuriant head of hair and a slightly turned-up collar. The hat and cape were added later. The facial features are more recognisable and the execution of the bold curls points irrefutably in the direction of Anthony van Dyck as the author of his own portrait.
Keywords: A3 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Fijn stof en pollutiegassen in de binnenlucht”. Van Grieken R, Stranger M, ARGUS milieumagazine 4, 18 (2006)
Keywords: A2 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Electronic and mechanical properties of stiff rhenium carbide monolayers: A first-principles investigation”. Siriwardane EMD, Karki P, Sevik C, Cakir D, Applied surface science 458, 762 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.APSUSC.2018.07.058
Abstract: In this study, we predicted two new stable metallic Re-C based monolayer structures with a rectangular (r-ReC2) and a hexagonal (h-Re2C) crystal symmetry using first-principle calculations based on density functional theory. Our results obtained from mechanical and phonon calculations and high-temperature molecular dynamic simulations clearly proved the stability of these two-dimensional (2D) crystals. Interestingly, Re-C monolayers in common transition metal carbide structures (i.e. MXenes) were found to be unstable, contrary to expectations. We found that the stable structures, i.e. r-ReC2 and h-Re2C, display superior mechanical properties over the well-known 2D materials. The Young's modulus for r-ReC2 and h-Re2C are extremely high and were calculated as 351 (1310) and 617 (804) N/m (GPa), respectively. Both materials have larger Young's modulus values than the most of the well-known 2D materials. We showed that the combination of the short strong directional p-d bonds, the high coordination number of atoms in the unit-cell and high valence electron density result in strong mechanical properties. Due to its crystal structure, the r-ReC2 monolayer has anisotropic mechanical properties and the crystallographic direction parallel to the C-2 dimers is stiffer compared to perpendicular direction due to strong covalent bonding within C-2 dimers. h-Re2C was derived from the corresponding bulk structure for which we determined the critical thickness for the dynamically stable bulk-derived monolayer structures. In addition, we also investigated the electronic of these two stable structures. Both exhibit metallic behavior and Re-5d orbitals dominate the states around the Fermi level. Due to their ultra high mechanical stability and stiffness, these novel Re-C monolayers can be exploited in various engineering applications.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
DOI: 10.1016/J.APSUSC.2018.07.058
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“Analysis of composite structure and primordial wood remains in petrified wood”. Nowak J, Nowak D, Chevallier P, Lekki J, Van Grieken R, Kuczumov A, Applied spectrsocopy 61, 889 (2007). http://doi.org/10.1366/000370207781540141
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1366/000370207781540141
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“Preconcentration methods for the analysis of liquid samples by X-ray fluorescence techniques”. Marguí, E, Van Grieken R, Fontàs C, Hidalgo M, Queralt I, Applied spectroscopy reviews 45, 179 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1080/05704920903584198
Abstract: This article gives an overview of the state-of-the-art of multi-element and single-element preconcentration procedures prior to X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis of liquid samples. Many of these preconcentration methods were developed long ago and the purpose of this review is to present some new efficient variations of these methods and new techniques extending the possibilities of XRF for liquid solutions analysis. In addition, trends and future perspectives in this domain are also commented on and discussed in the last section of the review.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1080/05704920903584198
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“Analysis of lateritic material from Cerro impacto by instrumental neutron activation employing a low-energy photon semiconductor and a high-energy Ge(Li) detector”. LaBrecque JJ, Beusen JM, Van Grieken RE, Applied spectroscopy 40, 140 (1986). http://doi.org/10.1366/0003702864509600
Abstract: Nineteen elements were determined in four different grain size fractions of a bulk geological material from Cerro Impacto for a study of the physical (mechanical) concentration process of different elements based upon the hardness of the different minerals. The analysis was performed by excitation of the sample with a high, slow neutron flux followed by gamma-ray spectroscopy with both a conventional Ge(Li) high-energy detector and a low-energy photon detector (LEPD). The accuracy of this method was studied with the use of two standard reference materials, SY-2 and SY-3, which are similar to the real samples. The values determined were also compared with a secondary target x-ray fluorescence method for all the elements that were suitable to both methods. Actually, the x-ray fluorescence method was found to be more complementary than competitive.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1366/0003702864509600
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“Evaluation of secondary cathodes for glow discharge mass spectrometry analysis of different nonconducting sample types”. Schelles W, de Gendt S, Müller V, Van Grieken R, Applied spectroscopy 49, 939 (1995). http://doi.org/10.1366/0003702953964741
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1366/0003702953964741
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“Optimization of measurement conditions of an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer with high-energy polarized beam excitation for analysis of aerosol filters”. Spolnik Z, Belikov K, van Meel K, Adriaenssens E, de Roeck F, Van Grieken R, Applied spectroscopy 59, 1465 (2005). http://doi.org/10.1366/000370205775142647
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1366/000370205775142647
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“Preliminary evaluation of micro-Raman spectrometry for the characterization of individual aerosol particles”. Potgieter-Vermaak SS, Van Grieken R, Applied spectroscopy 60, 39 (2006). http://doi.org/10.1366/000370206775382848
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1366/000370206775382848
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