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“EPMA and µ-SRXRF analysis and TEM-based microstructure characterization of a set of Roman glass fragments”. Fredrickx P, de Ryck I, Janssens K, Schryvers D, Petit J-P, Döcking H, X-ray spectrometry 33, 326 (2004). http://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.734
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Impact Factor: 1.298
Times cited: 13
DOI: 10.1002/xrs.734
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“Acquisition of the EELS data cube by tomographic reconstruction”. van den Broek W, Verbeeck J, de Backer S, Scheunders P, Schryvers D, Ultramicroscopy 106, 269 (2006). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2005.09.001
Abstract: Energy filtered TEM, EFTEM, provides three-dimensional data, two spatial and one spectral dimension. We propose to acquire these data by measuring a series of images with a defocused energy filter. It will be shown that each image is a projection of the data on the detector and that reconstruction of the data out of a sufficient number of such projections using a tomographic reconstruction algorithm is possible. This technique uses only a fraction of the electron dose an energy filtered series (EFS) needs for the same spectral and spatial resolution and the same mean signal-to-noise ratio. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab
Impact Factor: 2.843
Times cited: 6
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2005.09.001
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“In situ HREM study of electron irradiation effects in AgCl microcrystals”. Goessens C, Schryvers D, van Landuyt J, de Keyzer R, Ultramicroscopy 40, 151 (1992). http://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3991(92)90056-P
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 2.436
Times cited: 10
DOI: 10.1016/0304-3991(92)90056-P
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“Measuring the absolute position of EELS ionisation edges in a TEM”. Potapov PL, Schryvers D, Ultramicroscopy 99, 73 (2004). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00185-2
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 2.843
Times cited: 29
DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3991(03)00185-2
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“Tomographic spectroscopic imaging, an experimental proof of concept”. van den Broek W, Verbeeck J, Schryvers D, de Backer S, Scheunders P, Ultramicroscopy 109, 296 (2009). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2008.11.022
Abstract: Recording the electron energy loss spectroscopy data cube with a series of energy filtered images is a dose inefficient process because the energy slit blocks most of the electrons. When recording the data cube by scanning an electron probe over the sample, perfect dose efficiency is attained; but due to the low current in nanoprobes, this often is slower, with a smaller field of view. In W. Van den Broek et al. [Ultramicroscopy, 106 (2006) 269], we proposed a new method to record the data cube, which is more dose efficient than an energy filtered series. It produces a set of projections of the data cube and then tomographically reconstructs it. In this article, we demonstrate these projections in practice, we present a simple geometrical model that allows for quantification of the projection angles and we present the first successful experimental reconstruction, all on a standard post-column instrument.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Vision lab
Impact Factor: 2.843
Times cited: 1
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2008.11.022
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“Quantification by aberration corrected (S)TEM of boundaries formed by symmetry breaking phase transformations”. Schryvers D, Salje EKH, Nishida M, De Backer A, Idrissi H, Van Aert S, Ultramicroscopy 176, 194 (2017). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2016.12.022
Abstract: The present contribution gives a review of recent quantification work of atom displacements, atom site occupations and level of crystallinity in various systems and based on aberration corrected HR(S)TEM images. Depending on the case studied, picometer range precisions for individual distances can be obtained, boundary widths at the unit cell level determined or statistical evolutions of fractions of the ordered areas calculated. In all of these cases, these quantitative measures imply new routes for the applications of the respective materials.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 2.843
Times cited: 1
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2016.12.022
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“EM study of twinning in the Ni5Al3 bainitic phase”. Schryvers D, Ma Y, Toth L, Tanner LE, Twinning in advanced materials , 395 (1993)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
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“Electron microscopy study of twinning in the Ni5Al3 bainitic phase”. Schryvers D, Ma Y, Toth L, Tanner L, TMS (1994)
Abstract: This contribution describes conventional and high resolution electron microscopy results on the different twinning arrangements in NisAl3 precipitates grown inside the B2 austenite phase. Short annealings introduce self-accommodating three-pointed star shaped precipitates consisting of twin related parts of different variants of the NisAl3 structure. Longer annealings result in plates growing separately from these wings and developing microtwinning in order to accommodate stress built-up at the interfaces with the surrounding matrix.
Keywords: A3 Journal Article; Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT) ;
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“Effect of deposition rate on the microstructure of electron beam evaporated nanocrystalline palladium thin films”. Amin-Ahmadi B, Idrissi H, Galceran M, Colla MS, Raskin JP, Pardoen T, Godet S, Schryvers D, Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films 539, 145 (2013). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2013.05.083
Abstract: The influence of the deposition rate on the formation of growth twins in nanocrystalline Pd films deposited by electron beam evaporation is investigated using transmission electron microscopy. Statistical measurements prove that twin boundary (TB) density and volume fraction of grains containing twins increase with increasing deposition rate. A clear increase of the dislocation density was observed for the highest deposition rate of 5 Å/s, caused by the increase of the internal stress building up during deposition. Based on crystallographic orientation indexation using transmission electron microscopy, it can be concluded that a {111} crystallographic texture increases with increasing deposition rate even though the {101} crystallographic texture remains dominant. Most of the TBs are fully coherent without any residual dislocations. However, for the highest deposition rate (5 Å/s), the coherency of the TBs decreases significantly as a result of the interaction of lattice dislocations emitted during deposition with the growth TBs. The analysis of the grain boundary character of different Pd films shows that an increasing fraction of high angle grain boundaries with misorientation angles around 5565° leads to a higher potential for twin formation.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.879
Times cited: 13
DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2013.05.083
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“TEM study of B2 + L12 decomposition in a nanoscale Ni-rich Ni-Al film”. Schryvers D, Yandouzi M, Toth L, Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films 326, 126 (1998). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6090(98)00545-8
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.879
Times cited: 1
DOI: 10.1016/S0040-6090(98)00545-8
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“Analysis of internal stress build-up during deposition of nanocrystalline Ni thin films using transmission electron microscopy”. Lumbeeck G, Delvaux A, Idrissi H, Proost J, Schryvers D, Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films 707, 138076 (2020). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2020.138076
Abstract: Ni thin films sputter-deposited at room temperature with varying Ar pressures were investigated with automated crystal orientation mapping in a transmission electron microscope to uncover the mechanisms controlling the internal stress build-up recorded in-situ during deposition. Large grains were found to induce behaviour similar to a stress-free nucleation layer. The measurements of grain size in most of the Ni thin films are in agreement with the island coalescence model. Low internal stress was observed at low Ar pressure and was explained by the presence of large grains. Relaxation of high internal stress was also noticed at the highest Ar pressure, which was attributed to a decrease of Σ3 twin boundary density due to a low deposition rate. The results provide insightful information to better understand the relationship between structural boundaries and the evolution of internal stress upon deposition of thin films.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2020.138076
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“A comparative investigation of replication techniques used for the study of (S+Au) sensitized AgBr microcrystals”. Buschmann V, Schryvers D, van Landuyt J, van Roost C, de Keyzer R, The journal of imaging science and technology 40, 189 (1996)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 0.349
Times cited: 4
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“Influence of twinning on the morphology of AgBr and AgCl microcrystals”. van Renterghem W, Goessens C, Schryvers D, van Landuyt J, Bollen D, de Keyzer R, van Roost C, The journal of imaging science and technology 45, 349 (2001)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 0.348
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“Microstructural mechanism of development in photothermographic materials”. Potapov PL, Schryvers D, Strijckers H, van Roost C, The journal of imaging science and technology 47, 115 (2003)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 0.348
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“New method to determine the parity of the number of twin planes in tabular silver halide microcrystals from top views”. Goessens C, Schryvers D, van Landuyt J, de Keyzer R, The journal of imaging science and technology 41, 301 (1997)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 0.348
Times cited: 1
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“A TEM study of non-parallel twins inducing thickness growth in silver chloride {111} tabular crystals”. van Renterghem W, Schryvers D, van Landuyt J, Bollen D, van Roost C, de Keyzer R, The journal of imaging science and technology 45, 83 (2001)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 0.348
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“Two generations of exsolution lamellae in pyroxene from Asuka 09545 : Clues to the thermal evolution of silicates in mesosiderite”. Pittarello L, Mckibbin S, Yamaguchi A, Ji G, Schryvers D, Debaille V, Claeys P, The American mineralogist 104, 1663 (2019). http://doi.org/10.2138/AM-2019-7001
Abstract: Mesosiderite meteorites consist of a mixture of crustal basaltic or gabbroic material and metal. Their formation process is still debated due to their unexpected combination of crust and core materials, possibly derived from the same planetesimal parent body, and lacking an intervening mantle component. Mesosiderites have experienced an extremely slow cooling rate from ca. 550 degrees C, as recorded in the metal (0.25-0.5 degrees C/Ma). Here we present a detailed investigation of exsolution features in pyroxene from the Antarctic mesosiderite Asuka (A) 09545. Geothermobarometry calculations, lattice parameters, lamellae orientation, and the presence of clinoenstatite as the host were used in an attempt to constrain the evolution of pyroxene from 1150 to 570 degrees C and the formation of two generations of exsolution lamellae. After pigeonite crystallization at ca. 1150 degrees C, the first exsolution process generated the thick augite lamellae along (100) in the temperature interval 1000-900 degrees C. By further cooling, a second order of exsolution lamellae formed within augite along (001), consisting of monoclinic low-Ca pyroxene, equilibrated in the temperature range 900-800 degrees C. The last process, occurring in the 600-500 degrees C temperature range, was likely the inversion of high to low pigeonite in the host crystal, lacking evidence for nucleation of orthopyroxene. The formation of two generations of exsolution lamellae, as well as of likely metastable pigeonite, suggest non-equilibrium conditions. Cooling was sufficiently slow to allow the formation of the lamellae, their preservation, and the transition from high to low pigeonite. In addition, the preservation of such fine-grained lamellae limits long-lasting, impact reheating to a peak temperature lower than 570 degrees C. These features, including the presence of monoclinic low-Ca pyroxene as the host, are reported in only a few mesosiderites. This suggests a possibly different origin and thermal history from most mesosiderites and that the crystallography (i.e., space group) of low-Ca pyroxene could be used as parameter to distinguish mesosiderite populations based on their cooling history.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 2.021
DOI: 10.2138/AM-2019-7001
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“Structural phase transformations in alloys: an electron microscopy study”. Van Tendeloo G, Schryvers D, Tanner LE, Broddin D, Ricolleau C, Loiseau A, Symposium on Pahse Transformations , 1 (1991)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
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“Long period surface ordering of iodine ions in mixed tabular AgBr-AgBrI microcrystals”. Goessens C, Schryvers D, van Landuyt J, Amelinckx S, de Keyzer R, Surface science : a journal devoted to the physics and chemistry of interfaces 337, 153 (1995). http://doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(95)00000-3
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.925
Times cited: 10
DOI: 10.1016/0039-6028(95)00000-3
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“Oscillating sliding wear of mono- and multilayer ceramic coatings in air”. Huq MZ, Celis JP, Meneve J, Stals L, Schryvers D, Surface and coatings technology 113, 242 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(99)00009-2
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 2.589
Times cited: 10
DOI: 10.1016/S0257-8972(99)00009-2
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“Multiscale characterization of the work hardening mechanisms in Fe-Mn based TWIP steels”. Renard K, Idrissi H, Schryvers D, Jacques PJ, Steel research international 83, 385 (2012). http://doi.org/10.1002/srin.201100312
Abstract: When strained in tension, high-manganese austenitic twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) steels achieve very high strength and elongation before necking. The main hypotheses available in the literature about the origin of their excellent work hardening include deformation twinning and dynamic strain ageing. In order to provide some answers, various experiments at different scales were conducted on FeMnC steels and the Fe28 wt%Mn3.5 wt%Al2.8 wt%Si alloy. At a macroscopic scale, tensile tests were performed on all the studied grades. It was shown that, though the FeMnAlSi based alloy retains very high elongation, the FeMnC steels properties are even more extraordinary. Tensile tests at different strain rates with the help of digital image correlation were also performed on the Fe20 wt%Mn1.2 wt%C steel to study the PLC effect occurring in this type of steel. It is suggested that supplementary hardening could come from reorientation of MnC pairs in the cores of the dislocations. At a microscopic scale, the Fe20 wt%Mn1.2 wt%C TWIP steel and the FeMnAlSi grade were thoroughly investigated by means of in situ TEM analysis. In the FeMnC steel, the formed twins could also lead to a composite effect, since they contain plenty of sessile dislocations. In the FeMnAlSi alloy, mechanical twins are thicker and contain fewer defects, leading to a lower work hardening than the other grade.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.235
Times cited: 12
DOI: 10.1002/srin.201100312
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“Enamels in stained glass windows: preparation, chemical composition, microstructure and causes of deterioration”. Schalm O, van der Linden V, Frederickx P, Luyten S, van der Snickt G, Caen J, Schryvers D, Janssens K, Cornelis E, van Dyck D, Schreiner M, Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy 64, 812 (2009). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2009.06.005
Abstract: Stained glass windows incorporating dark blue and purple enamel paint layers are in some cases subject to severe degradation while others from the same period survived the ravages of time. A series of dark blue, greenblue and purple enamel glass paints from the same region (Northwestern Europe) and from the same period (16early 20th centuries) has been studied by means of a combination of microscopic X-ray fluorescence analysis, electron probe micro analysis and transmission electron microscopy with the aim of better understanding the causes of the degradation. The chemical composition of the enamels diverges from the average chemical composition of window glass. Some of the compositions appear to be unstable, for example those with a high concentration of K2O and a low content of CaO and PbO. In other cases, the deterioration of the paint layers was caused by the less than optimal vitrification of the enamel during the firing process. Recipes and chemical compositions indicate that glassmakers of the 1617th century had full control over the color of the enamel glass paints they made. They mainly used three types of coloring agents, based on Co (dark blue), Mn (purple) and Cu (light-blue or greenblue) as coloring elements. Bluepurple enamel paints were obtained by mixing two different coloring agents. The coloring agent for redpurple enamel, introduced during the 19th century, was colloidal gold embedded in grains of lead glass.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Vision lab
Impact Factor: 3.241
Times cited: 28
DOI: 10.1016/j.sab.2009.06.005
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“Nucleation and growth of bainitic Ni5Al3 in B2 austenite and 3R martensite”. Schryvers D, Ma Y, Toth L, Tanner LE, Solid-solid state phase transformations , 929 (1994)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
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“Structure refinement of L21 Cu-Zn-Al austenite, using dynamical electron diffraction data”. Satto S, Jansen J, Lexcellent C, Schryvers D, Solid state communications 116, 273 (2000). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-1098(00)00316-1
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.554
Times cited: 7
DOI: 10.1016/S0038-1098(00)00316-1
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“Revealing the innermost nanostructure of sputtered NiCrOx solar absorber cermets”. Gaouyat L, He Z, Colomer J-F, Lambin P, Mirabella F, Schryvers D, Deparis O, Solar energy materials and solar cells 122, 303 (2014). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2013.10.009
Abstract: Conversion of solar energy into thermal energy helps reducing consumption of non-renewable energies. Cermets (ceramicmetal composites) are versatile materials suitable, amongst other applications, for solar selective absorbers. Although the presence of metallic Ni particles in the dielectric matrix is a prerequisite for efficient solar selective absorption in NiCrOx cermets, no clear evidence of such particles is reported so far. By combining comprehensive chemical and structural analyses, we reveal the presumed nanostructure which is at the origin of the remarkable optical properties of this cermet material. Using sputtered NiCrOx layers in a solar absorber multilayer stack on aluminium substrate allows us to achieve solar absorptance as high as α=96.1% while keeping thermal emissivity as low as ε=2.2%, both values being comparable to best values recorded so far. With the nanostructure of sputtered NiCrOx cermets eventually revealed, further optimization of solar absorbers can be anticipated and technological exploitation of cermet materials in other applications can be foreseen.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 4.784
Times cited: 12
DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2013.10.009
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“Electron microscopy of stress-induced martensite and pretransition microstructures in Ni62.5Al37.5”. Schryvers D, Tanner LE, Shape memory materials and phenomena: fundamental aspects and applications 246, 33 (1992)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Times cited: 5
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“Review of phonon behaviour and microstructural development leading to martensitic transformations in NixAl100-x alloys”. Tanner LE, Shapiro SM, Schryvers D, Noda Y, Shape memory materials and phenomena: fundamental aspects and applications 246, 265 (1992)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Times cited: 4
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“Advanced electron microscopy characterisation of important precipitation and ordering phenomena in shape memory systems”. Schryvers D, Shape memory and superelasticity 1, 78 (2015). http://doi.org/10.1007/s40830-015-0006-3
Abstract: The present paper discusses some important aspects of precipitation and ordering in alloy systems that show a martensitic transformation and can or are used as shape memory or superelastic metallic systems. The precipitates are investigated by a variety of conventional and advanced electron microscopy techniques, including atomic resolution, 3D slice-and-view, energy loss spectroscopy etc. Depending on the system, such secondary phases can decrease the probability of a displacive transformation by changing the phase stability in the system, such as in the case of NiAl or NiTiPd, or can mechanically hinder the passage of the transformation interface, as in NiTiNb. On the other hand, properly controlling the nucleation and growth of some precipitates can strongly improve the properties of some types of materials, as is the case for the well-known Ni4Ti3 precipitates.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
DOI: 10.1007/s40830-015-0006-3
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“Optimization of Automated Crystal Orientation Mapping in a TEM for Ni4Ti3 Precipitation in All-Round SMA”. Yao X, Amin-Ahmadi B, Li Y, Cao S, Ma X, Zhang X-P, Schryvers D, Shape memory and superelasticity 2, 286 (2016). http://doi.org/10.1007/s40830-016-0082-z
Abstract: Automated crystal orientation and phase mapping in TEM are applied to the quantification of Ni4Ti3 precipitates in Ni–Ti shape memory alloys which will be used for the implantation of artificial sphincters operating using the all-round shape memory effect. This paper focuses on the optimization process of the technique to obtain best values for all major parameters in the acquisition of electron diffraction patterns as well as template generation. With the obtained settings, vast statistical data on nano- and microstructures essential to the operation of these shape memory devices become available.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Times cited: 2
DOI: 10.1007/s40830-016-0082-z
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“In-Situ TEM Stress Induced Martensitic Transformation in Ni50.8Ti49.2 Microwires”. Pourbabak S, Orekhov A, Samaee V, Verlinden B, Van Humbeeck J, Schryvers D, Shape memory and superelasticity 5, 154 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1007/s40830-019-00217-6
Abstract: In-situ transmission electron microscopy tensile straining is used to study the stress induced martensitic transformation in Ni50.8Ti49.2. Two microwire samples with different heat treatment are investigated from which one single crystal and three polycrystalline TEM specimens, the latter with micro- and nano-size grains, have been produced. The measured Young’s modulus for all TEM specimens is around 70 GPa, considerably higher than the averaged 55 GPa of the original microwire sample. The height of the superelastic stress plateau shows an inverse relationship with the specimen thickness for the polycrystalline specimens. Martensite starts nucleating within the elastic region of the stress–strain curve and on the edges of the specimens while also grain boundaries act as nucleation sites in the polycrystalline specimens. When a martensite plate reaches a grain boundary in the polycrystalline specimen, it initiates the transformation in the neighboring grain at the other side of the grain boundary. In later stages martensite plates coalesce at higher loads in the stress plateau. In highly strained specimens, residual martensite remains after release.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
DOI: 10.1007/s40830-019-00217-6
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