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“Microanalytical study of the aluminum distribution in bullhead (Ictalurus nebulosus gills”. Eeckhaoudt S, Jacob W, Van Grieken R, Landsberg J, Watt F, Witters H, Microbeam analysis 4, 103 (1995)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Direct reagentless detection of the affinity binding of recombinant His-tagged firefly luciferase with a nickel-modified gold electrode”. Vagin MY, Trashin SA, Beloglazkina EK, Majouga AG, Mendeleev communications 25, 290 (2015). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.MENCOM.2015.07.021
Abstract: The direct reagentless electrochemical detection of recombinant firefly luciferase binding with a gold electrode modified with nickel complex of 1,16-di[4-(2,6-dihydroxycarbonyl)pyridyl]-1,16-dioxa-8,9-dithiahexadecane has been carried out.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.MENCOM.2015.07.021
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“Materiaaltransfer van de oceaan naar de atmosfeer”. Van Grieken R, Mededelingen en informatie , 15 (1976)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Phosphorus, calcium and lead distribution in collagen in lead induced soft tissue calcification : an ultrastructural and X-ray microanalytical study”. Vandeputte DF, Jacob WA, Van Grieken RE, Matrix 10, 33 (1990). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0934-8832(11)80135-6
Abstract: Repeated intraperitoneal injections of lead acetate in rats caused a calcification of the skin of the abdomen near the site of the injections. In the lead-induced calcifications, electron dense collagen bundles could be observed. On the surface of the collagen fibrils, needle-like crystals were visible. With energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, phosphorus, calcium and lead were detected in the electron dense collagen bundles. X-ray maps of the P-Kα, Ca-Kα, and Pb-Lα plus Pb-Lβ lines showed an equivalent distribution along the collagen fibrils for phosphorus and calcium. The occurrence of the most electron dense areas in the STEM-image was comparable to the lead distribution. A good correlation existed between the structural and the elemental images of the same area. Although the medicinal use of preparations containing lead is no longer recommended, some are still prescribed. From our results we can conclude that they should not be applied to injured or inflamed skin.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0934-8832(11)80135-6
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“Material analysis methods applied to the study of ancient monuments, works of art and artefacts”. Delalieux F, Tsuji K, Wagatsuma K, Van Grieken R, Materials transactions 43, 2197 (2002). http://doi.org/10.2320/MATERTRANS.43.2197
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.2320/MATERTRANS.43.2197
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“Morphology and the chemical make-up of the inorganic components of black corals”. Nowak D, Florek M, Nowak J, Kwiatek W, Lekki J, Chevallier P, Hacura A, Wrzalik R, Ben-Nissan B, Van Grieken R, Kuczumow A, Materials science and engineering: part C: biomimetic materials 29, 1029 (2009). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.MSEC.2008.08.028
Abstract: Black corals (Cnidaria, Antipatharia) from three different sources were investigated with the aim of detecting inorganic components and their morphology. In general, the skeleton of black corals was composed of the chitin fibrils admixed with peptides and the chitin presence was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR) and microRaman Microscopy, the latter giving the opportunity of tracing single fibrils and their location. The composition and concentrations of the inorganic components of the black corals were measured, using a scanning electron microprobe and micro-Particle Induced X-ray Emission (µ-PIXE). The application of such instruments enabled the estimation of the constituent distributions in a microscale. The mapping option was the most useful technique of making analyses in these studies, just to reveal the composition of chamber-like cells. Analysis of the morphology and microstructure showed that there were three distinct regions within the coral: a core and the cells encircled with adjacent interface gluing strips. The majority of the elements analyzed were selectively distributed and segregated in a striking way in mentioned distinctive zones of the skeleton and it was detected for the first time. The core area was characterized by the relatively elevated concentrations of Ca. The measurements gave extremely clear images of the distribution of particular elements in the skeletal tissue, with I, Ca, K and Fe much more concentrated in the gluing zones, while C, N, Na and Mg present in the interiors of particular skeletal cells. The distribution of some elements (Mg, Fe) and some compounds (chitin) and functional groups (SS, CI) allows differentiating the biological and mechanical functions of particular fragments of the rods. The kinds of elements and their concentrations measured were essentially in compliance with rare data available in the literature. The Raman technique gave the additional qualitative information about the structure of gluing zone and the chitin fibrils and surrounding matrix inside the cell interior.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.MSEC.2008.08.028
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“Voltammetric behaviour of nitroxazepine in solubilized system and biological fluids”. Jain R, Rather JA, Dwivedi A, Materials science and engineering: part C: biomimetic materials 31, 230 (2011). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.MSEC.2010.09.001
Abstract: This study reports the development and validation of sensitive and selective assay method for the determination of the antidepressant drug in solubilized system and biological fluids. Solubilized system of different surfactants including cationic, anionic and non-ionic influences the electrochemical response of drug. Addition of cationic surfactant cetrimide to the solution containing drug enhances the peak current signal while anionic and non-ionic showed an opposite effect. The current signal due to reduction process was function of concentration of nitroxazepine, pH, type of surfactant and preconcentration time at the electrode surface. The reduction process is irreversible and adsorption controlled at HMDE. Various chemical and instrumental parameters affecting the monitored electroanalytical response were investigated and optimized for niroxazepine hydrochloride determination. The proposed SWCAdSV and DPCAdSV methods are linear over the concentration range 2.0 × 10-7 5.0 × 10-9 mol/L and 6.1 × 10-7 1.0 × 10-8 mol/L with detection limit of 1.62 × 10-10 mo/L and 1.4 × 10-9 mo/L respectively. The method shows good sensitivity, selectivity, accuracy and precision that makes it very suitable for determination of nitroxazepine in pharmaceutical formulation and biological fluids.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.MSEC.2010.09.001
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“Distribution of atmospheric marine salt depositions over Continental Western Europe”. Delalieux F, Van Grieken R, Potgieter JH, Marine pollution bulletin 52, 606 (2006). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.MARPOLBUL.2005.08.018
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.MARPOLBUL.2005.08.018
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“Heavy metal contamination in sediments from the Belgian coast and Scheldt estuary”. Araújo MFD, Bernard PC, Van Grieken RE, Marine pollution bulletin 19, 269 (1988). http://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(88)90597-8
Abstract: Sixty-two samples of total sediments and the separated clay/silt size fractions were analysed by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry to evaluate the pollution level and the trends in samples collected along the Belgian coast over a period of 6 yr and at four stations located in the Scheldt estuary where two of these were sampled periodically for 4 yr. Three correction methods for grain size effects were applied, either to the bulk sediment samples or to the clay/silt size fractions, and the results were compared. Local variations on the concentrations in some of the elements determined were used to establish whether they result from an anthropogenic or natural origin. The level of pollution was assessed as a function of the location, sampling date, and depth.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0025-326X(88)90597-8
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“Heavy metals in the Ganges estuary”. Subramanian V, Jha PK, Van Grieken R, Marine pollution bulletin 19, 290 (1988). http://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(88)90602-9
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0025-326X(88)90602-9
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“Effects of alkaline aluminate waste dumping on seawater chemistry”. Vandelannoote R, Van 't dack L, Van Grieken R, Marine environmental research 21, 275 (1987). http://doi.org/10.1016/0141-1136(87)90050-X
Abstract: The alkaline aluminate waste, of which 10002000 tonnes are dumped a few times a year off the Belgian coast in the Southern Bight of the North Sea, contains 5·4% NaCl, 1·8% dissolved Al and 7·4% NaOH, in addition to traces of heavy metals and some aniline- and phenol-derivatives. The pH rises locally to 8-5 and the total Al-concentration reaches 120niglitre−1(corresponding to an initial waste dilution factor of only 150) in the 10-m wide track just beyond the discharging barge, but these decay quickly to pH 8·1 and 1 mg litre-1 in the 30-m wide track, 500m behind the barge. The relation between the waste concentration and seawater pH was studied. The white precipitate that forms immediately in the sea was identified as Mg6Al2CO3(OH)164H20 (hydrotalcite-manasseite like). No trace of it was found in the local sediments.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0141-1136(87)90050-X
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“Barite formation in the Southern Ocean water column”. Stroobants N, Dehairs F, Goeyens L, Vanderheijden N, Van Grieken R, Marine chemistry 35, 411 (1991). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(09)90033-0
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0304-4203(09)90033-0
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“Geochemical characterization of recent sediments in the Baltic Sea by bulk and electron microprobe analysis”. Belmans F, Van Grieken R, Brügmann L, Marine chemistry 42, 223 (1993). http://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(93)90014-F
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0304-4203(93)90014-F
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“Geochemistry of suspended matter from the baltic sea : 1 : results of individual particle characterization by automated electron microprobe”. Bernard PC, Van Grieken RE, Brügmann L, Marine chemistry 26, 155 (1989). http://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(89)90058-3
Abstract: Automated electron probe X-ray microanalysis was used to characterize some 15 000 individual suspension particles from 50 samples of suspended matter collected from different depths at 18 stations throughout the Baltic Sea and the transient area to the North Sea. For each particle, 14 minor and major elements were determined and size information data were obtained. To process this huge amount of results, multivariate analysis techniques were invoked: the particles were classified into specific types and the abundance variations of these groups were studied. It appeared that 80% of all investigated particles contained mostly silicon, and seemed to consist of quartz, and K-rich and Fe-rich aluminosilicates. The abundance of BaSO4 particles averaged 5% throughout the Baltic Sea, but amounted to up to 44% at some stations. The abundance of the Fe-rich particles varied significantly with location and depth, and averaged ∼ 4%. They were often found to be associated with significant amounts of P. Both of these particle types and the Mn-rich particles are thought to be mainly authigenic. Calcium carbonate particles are more abundant towards the North Sea (which seems to act as a source). Principal component analysis of the data revealed that most of the compositional variability can be explained by differences between deep and surface waters and by the influences of inflowing North Sea waters. Additional information about the types and sources of the suspended matter in the Baltic Sea was gained from the comparison and correlation of the single particle results with different fractions of the bulk concentrations of elements such as Al, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn and Ba.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0304-4203(89)90058-3
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“Geochemistry of suspended matter from the Baltic Sea: 2: results of bulk trace metal analysis by AAS”. Brügmann L, Bernard PC, Van Grieken R, Marine chemistry 38, 303 (1992). http://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(92)90039-D
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0304-4203(92)90039-D
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“Individual particle analysis of Western Mediterranean sediment cores, Rhône suspended matter and Sahara aerosols: investigation of inputs to the sediments”. Wegrzynek D, Jambers W, Van Grieken R, Eisma D, Marine chemistry 57, 25 (1997)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Kinetics of iron(II) oxidation in seawater of various pH”. Roekens EJ, Van Grieken RE, Marine chemistry 13, 195 (1983). http://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(83)90014-2
Abstract: The rate of iron(II) oxidation in North Sea water of pH 5.510 in the range 1025°C has been studied. The oxygenation rate depends linearly on the iron(II) and dissolved oxygen concentrations. The second-order dependence on [OH−], found by several investigators for synthetic solutions, was confirmed in seawater, but only for pOH > 6.9. For pOH < 5.9 the rate appeared to be independent of the pOH. In the intermediate range, pOH 5.96.9, corresponding to the natural pH of seawater, a first-order dependence on the pOH is obeyed. The important discrepancy in the literature between the second-order rate constant for NaCHO3 solutions and for seawater can be attributed predominantly to the incorrect assumption of a second-order pOH dependence in natural seawater. The results can be useful, for example, in predicting the effect of dumping acidic iron waste from the titanium-dioxide industry into the ocean.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0304-4203(83)90014-2
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“Kinetics of iron(II) oxidation in seawater of various pH : reply”. Roekens EJ, Van Grieken RE, Marine chemistry 15, 281 (1984). http://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(84)90025-2
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0304-4203(84)90025-2
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“Single particle characterisation of inorganic and organic North Sea suspension”. Jambers W, Dekov V, Van Grieken R, Marine chemistry 67, 17 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(99)00046-8
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0304-4203(99)00046-8
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“Background aerosol composition at Gobabeb, South West Africa”. Annegarn H, Van Grieken R, van Espen P, von Blottnitz F, Sellschop J, Winchester J, Maenhaut W, Madoqua , 107 (1976)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
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“A covalently linked dyad based on zinc phthalocyanine and methylpheophorbide &alpha, : synthetic and physicochemical study”. Balashova IO, Tolbin AY, Tarakanov PA, Krot AR, Fedorova K V, Sergeeva IA, Trashin SA, De Wael K, Pushkarev VE, Koifman MO, Ponomarev G V, Macroheterocycles 14, 40 (2021). http://doi.org/10.6060/MHC210338P
Abstract: The first covalently linked conjugate of metal phthalocyaninate and chlorin e(6) derivative has been obtained by transesterification of alpha-ketomethyl ester in methylpheophorbide a with zinc(II) 2-(2-hydroxymethylbenzyloxy)-9(10),16(17),23(24)-tri-tert-butylphthalocyaninate under mild conditions. The dyad exhibits a panchromatic nature revealing both the phthalocyanine and pheophorbide derived bands in the UV-Vis absorption spectrum. The H-1 NMR spectroscopy data combined with theoretical calculations indicate the presence of spatial intramolecular interactions between the phthalocyanine, pheophorbide and spacer fragments of the dyad allowing to forecast its enhanced nonlinear optical properties, as well as the characteristic energy transfer from the excited pheophorbide subunit to the phthalocyanine core. Indeed, when excited in the UV-Vis range, the conjugate shows red fluorescence with the spectral maximum at 686 nm, which is close to the one of the initial zinc phthalocyaninate. Furthermore, the dyad effectively generates singlet oxygen and, in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as biocompatible solubilizer, forms stable micellar saline solutions with the particles ranged in size between 40 and 100 nm. These nanoparticles represent promising third-generation photosensitizing systems for application in theranostics.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.6060/MHC210338P
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“Die risikoprofiel van Pb en Cr in stedelike padstof”. Potgieter-Vermaak S, Van Grieken R, Potgieter H, Litnet akademies : 'n joernaal vir die geesteswetenskappe 9, 1 (2012)
Abstract: The risk profile of Cr and Pb in urban road deposited sediment Exponential urbanisation and industrial growth occur on a global scale and result in an ecological burden, of which one important part is pollution. It is well known that the extent of air pollution has escalated over the past two decades in several parts of the world, despite mitigating measures and legislation. Current research points to the fact that air pollution in urban and industrial areas is substantially different from that found in rural areas. Road dust (RD) contributes up to 35% of airborne particulate matter due to resuspension thereof, and poses a health concern due to carcinogenic and toxic components potentially present in the micron-sized fractions. Although literature does report on the concentrations of trace, toxic metals and metalloids present in RD (Hooker and Nathanail 2006), the molecular make-up of particulates generated due to the resuspension of the RD is not well documented. In vitro and animal toxicological studies have confirmed that the chemical composition of inhaled particles plays a major role in its toxic, genotoxic and carcinogenic mechanisms, but the component-specific toxic effects are still not understood. Transition metals binding to air particle matter can result in reactive oxygen species in the human body (particularly in the lungs), and this is a significant risk, especially for vulnerable population groups like elderly people, children and terminally ill patients. The characterisation of the molecular composition of the fine fraction is evidently of importance for public health. During an earlier study, road dust from an inner-city environment in the UK was collected and partially characterised (Barrett e.a. 2010). These same-size fractions were analysed for their elemental concentrations, using X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRFS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). In addition, single-particle analysis was performed on the different fractions by means of Computer Controlled Electron Probe X-ray Micro Analysis (CC-EPXMA) and their molecular structure probed by studying elemental associations. These findings were correlated with Micro Raman Spectroscopy (MRS) results. It was found that the fine fraction (<38 μm) had the highest Pb (238 ppm) and Cr (171 ppm) concentrations. The CC-EPXMA data showed >50% association of Cr-rich particles with Pb and the MRS data showed that the Cr was mostly present as lead chromate and therefore in the Cr(VI) oxidation state. Concentrations of both Pb and Cr decreased substantially (279 (<38 mm) 13 ppm (<1mm); 171 (<38 mm) 91 ppm (<1mm) respectively) in the larger fractions. Apart from rather alarmingly high concentrations of oxidative stressors (Cu, Fe, Mn), the carcinogenic and toxic potential of the inhalable fraction is evident. Preliminary bioaccessibility data indicated that both Cr and Pb are readily
Keywords: A2 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Micro-XANES determination of ferric iron and its application in thermobarometry”. Schmid R, Wilke M, Ober R, Dong S, Janssens K, Falkenberg G, Franz L, Gaab A, Lithos 70, 381 (2003). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-4937(03)00107-5
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0024-4937(03)00107-5
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“A methodology to monitor the pollution impact on historic buildings surfaces : the TeACH project”. Bernardi A, Becherini F, Bonazza A, Van Grieken R, et al, Lecture notes in computer science
T2 –, Progress in Cultural Heritage Preservation : proceedings of EUROMED-2012, the 4th International Conference on Cultural Heritage / Ioannides, M. [edit.], et al. , 765 (2012). http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34234-9
Abstract: The available scenarios of pollutant trends in Europe indicate that the effect of industrial, domestic and transport emissions on corrosion and soiling will continue to constitute a serious threat to Cultural Heritage. Such effects require improved methods for a more accurate diagnosis, monitoring and assessment of the damage. Within this framework, the monitoring methodology applied within the European project TeACH (Technologies and tools to prioritize assessment and diagnosis of air pollution impact on immovable and movable cultural heritage) (2008-2012) allows to assess the impact of the main pollutants on historic buildings. As a part of this approach, a new kit able to monitor the environmental parameters critical for the conservation of architectural surfaces and to evaluate the related damage in terms of surface color change was developed. The monitoring methodology described in the present paper has valuable application potential in the definition of preventive conservation strategies for a wide range of heritage assets.
Keywords: P1 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-34234-9
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“Tangible versus intangible in e-learning on cultural heritage : from online learning to on-site study of historic sites”. Lobovikov-Katz A, Moropoulou A, Konstanti A, Ortiz Calderon P, Van Grieken R, Worth S, Cassar JA, De Angelis R, Biscontin G, Izzo FC, Lecture notes in computer science
T2 –, 5th EuroMed International Conference, NOV 03-08, 2014, Amathus, CYPRUS 8740, 819 (2014). http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13695-0_84
Abstract: The revolutionary development in digital theory and technology calls for non-trivial decisions in bridging between the virtual and real worlds. The field of conservation of cultural heritage thus provides various challenges, especially with regards to learning, study and investigation of tangible heritage through applications of intangible ICT technologies. This paper examines the interaction between e-learning, and the actual on-site learning and study of historic buildings and sites, with an emphasis on their visual characteristics. In this context, the paper presents some aspects of application of a methodology which allows basic documentation, monitoring and primary analysis of data on cultural (built) heritage sites by general public through educational process enabled by an e-learning platform.
Keywords: P1 Proceeding; Documentation and information; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13695-0_84
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“Special issue on Microscopic and ultratrace x-ray fluorescence analysis: 2”. Janssens K, Journal of trace and microprobe techniques 14, 461 (1996)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Electron microprobe observations of recrystallization affecting PIXE-analysis of marine aerosol deposits”. Storms H, Van Dyck P, Van Grieken R, Maenhaut W, Journal of trace and microprobe techniques 2, 103 (1985)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Multidisciplinary environmental monitoring at the Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna”. Sturaro G, Camuffo D, Brimblecombe P, Van Grieken R, Busse H-J, Bernardi A, Valentino A, Blades N, Gysels K, Deutsch F, Wieser M, Buczolits S, Journal of trace and microprobe techniques 21, 273 (2003). http://doi.org/10.1081/TMA-120020262
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1081/TMA-120020262
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“Physico-chemical fate of chromium compounds in the lung sheep model”. Perrault G, Dufresne A, Strati G, McNeil M, Michaud D, Baril M, Bégin R, Labbé, J, Larivière P, Eeckhaoudt S, Van Grieken R, Journal of toxicology and environmental health 44, 247 (1995). http://doi.org/10.1080/15287399509531958
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1080/15287399509531958
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“A case study of high-temperature corrosion in rotary cement kilns”. Potgieter JH, Godoi RHM, Van Grieken R, Journal of the South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 104, 603 (2004)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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