“Determination of silicon in organic matrices with grazing-emission X-ray fluorescence spectrometry”. Claes M, van Dyck K, Deelstra H, Van Grieken R, Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy 54, 1517 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0584-8547(99)00098-1
Abstract: The potential of a prototype grazing-emission X-ray fluorescence spectrometer for reliable analysis of sample solutions, obtained by pressurized microwave oven digestion of Si-spiked organic and biological materials, was investigated as part of an inter-laboratory study. The fact that this grazing-emission technique is based on the total reflection phenomenon and wavelength-dispersive detection, gives it the benefit to determine light elements in a sensitive way. Results of the determination of silicon in pork liver, cellulose, urine, serum, spinach, beer, mineral water and horsetail (dry plant extract) samples are presented. Some of the results are compared with those obtained with other analytical techniques. The study proved that determination of silicon traces in biological matrices represents an extremely difficult task, however, measurements of silicon are achieved with acceptable precision. The most important problems still arise when sample pre-treatment is needed prior to analysis. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0584-8547(99)00098-1
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“Quantification in grazing-emission X-ray fluorescence spectrometry”. Spolnik ZM, Claes M, Van Grieken RE, de Bokx PK, Urbach HP, Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy 54, 1525 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0584-8547(99)00051-8
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0584-8547(99)00051-8
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“Efficiency calibartion of energy-dispersive detectors for application in quantitative x- and γ-ray spectrometry”. Szalóki I, Szegedi S, Varga K, Braun M, Osán J, Van Grieken R, X-ray spectrometry 30, 49 (2001). http://doi.org/10.1002/XRS.467
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1002/XRS.467
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“Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence in geochemical mapping”. Civici N, Van Grieken R, X-ray spectrometry 26, 147 (1997). http://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4539(199707)26:4<147::AID-XRS193>3.0.CO;2-X
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4539(199707)26:4<147::AID-XRS193>3.0.CO;2-X
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“Evaluation of energy-dispersive x-ray spectra of low-Z elements from electron-probe microanalysis of individual particles”. Osán J, de Hoog J, van Espen P, Szalóki I, Ro C-U, Van Grieken R, X-ray spectrometry 30, 419 (2001). http://doi.org/10.1002/XRS.523
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
DOI: 10.1002/XRS.523
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“Individual particle characterization of Siberian aerosols by micro-PIXE and backscattering spectrometry”. van Malderen H, Hoornaert S, Injuk J, Przybylowicz WJ, Pineda CA, Prozesky VM, Van Grieken R, X-ray spectrometry 30, 320 (2001). http://doi.org/10.1002/XRS.505
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1002/XRS.505
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“Performance of total reflection and grazing emission X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for the determination of trace metals in drinking water in relation to other analytical techniques”. Hołynska B, Olko M, Ostachowicz B, Ostachowicz J, Wegrzynek D, Claes M, Van Grieken R, de Bokx P, Kump P, Necemer M, Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 362, 294 (1998). http://doi.org/10.1007/S002160051077
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1007/S002160051077
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“A case study of ship track formation in a polluted marine boundary layer”. Noone KJ, Johnson DW, Taylor JP, Ferek RJ, Garrett T, Hobbs PV, Durkee PA, Nielsen K, Öström E, O'Dowd CD, Smith MH, Russell LM, Flagan RC, Seinfeld JH, de Bock L, Van Grieken RE, Hudson JG, Brooks I, Gasparovic RF, Pockalny RA, Journal of the atmospheric sciences 57, 2748 (2000). http://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(2000)057<2748:ACSOST>2.0.CO;2
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(2000)057<2748:ACSOST>2.0.CO;2
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“A case study of ships forming and not forming tracks in moderately polluted clouds”. Noone KJ, Öström E, Ferek RJ, Garrett T, Hobbs PV, Johnson DW, Taylor JP, Russell LM, Flagan RC, Seinfeld JH, O'Dowd CD, Smith MH, Durkee PA, Nielsen K, Hudson JG, Pockalny RA, de Bock L, Van Grieken RE, Gasparovic RF, Brooks I, Journal of the atmospheric sciences 57, 2729 (2000). http://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(2000)057<2729:ACSOSF>2.0.CO;2
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(2000)057<2729:ACSOSF>2.0.CO;2
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“Analyses of petrified wood by electron, X-ray and optical microprobes”. Kuczumov A, Vekemans B, Schalm O, Dorriné, W, Chevallier P, Dillmann P, Ro C-U, Janssens K, Van Grieken R, Journal of analytical atomic spectroscopy 14, 435 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1039/A806748A
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1039/A806748A
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“Analysis of speleothems by electron and X-ray microprobes”. Kuczumow A, Vekemans B, Schalm O, Gysels K, Ro C-U, Van Grieken R, Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry 16, 90 (2001). http://doi.org/10.1039/B007725I
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1039/B007725I
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“Analysis of X-ray spectra excited by X rays, electrons, and protons in monazite”. Annegarn HJ, Madiba CCP, Sellschop JPF, Genz H, Hoffmann DHH, Low W, Richter A, Van Grieken RE, Physical review : C : nuclear physics 16, 379 (1977). http://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVC.16.379
Abstract: Mineral monazite from Malaysia has been investigated by energy dispersive x-ray analysis employing three different methods: x-ray, relativistic electron and proton induced excitation. An upper limit of 15 ppm has been placed on the possible concentration of the superheavy element with Z=126.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVC.16.379
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“Assessing the molecular weight of a conducting polymer by grazing emission XRF”. Blockhuys F, Claes M, Van Grieken R, Geise HJ, Analytical chemistry 72, 3366 (2000). http://doi.org/10.1021/AC990877K
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1021/AC990877K
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“Chemical characterization of individual aerosol particles in Central Siberia”. van Malderen H, Van Grieken R, Bufetov NV, Koutzenogii KP, Environmental science and technology 30, 312 (1996). http://doi.org/10.1021/ES950402K
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1021/ES950402K
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“Chemical composition of sediments and suspended matter from the Cauvery and Brahmaputra rivers (India)”. Dekov VM, Araujo F, Van Grieken R, Subramanian V, The science of the total environment 212, 89 (1998). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(97)00132-0
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(97)00132-0
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“Critical assessment and proposal for reconstruction of a grazing emission X-ray fluorescence instrument”. Kuczumow A, Schmeling M, Van Grieken R, Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry 15, 535 (2000). http://doi.org/10.1039/A908661G
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1039/A908661G
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“Deposition of atmospheric trace elements into the North Sea: coastal, ship, platform measurements and model predictions”. Injuk J, Van Grieken R, de Leeuw G, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 32, 3011 (1998). http://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00497-4
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00497-4
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“Determination of chemical species in individual aerosol particles using ultrathin window EPMA”. Ro C-U, Osán J, Szalóki I, Oh K-Y, Kim H, Van Grieken R, Environmental science and technology 34, 3023 (2000). http://doi.org/10.1021/ES9910661
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1021/ES9910661
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“Determination of low-Z elements in individual environmental particles using windowless EPMA”. Ro C-U, Osán J, Van Grieken R, Analytical chemistry 71, 1521 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1021/AC981070F
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1021/AC981070F
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“Direct current glow discharge mass spectrometric analysis of Macor ceramic using a secondary cathode”. Schelles W, Van Grieken R, Analytical chemistry 68, 3570 (1996). http://doi.org/10.1021/AC960441U
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1021/AC960441U
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“Direct current glow discharge mass spectrometry for elemental characterization of polymers”. Schelles W, Van Grieken R, Analytical chemistry 69, 2931 (1997). http://doi.org/10.1021/AC970186T
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1021/AC970186T
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“Elemental x-ray images obtained by grazing-exit electron probe microanalysis (GE-EPMA)”. Tsuji K, Nullens R, Wagatsuma K, Van Grieken RE, Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry 14, 1711 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1039/A905301H
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1039/A905301H
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“Enhancement of electron-induced X-ray intensity for single particles under grazing-exit conditions”. Tsuji K, Spolnik Z, Wagatsuma K, Zhang J, Van Grieken RE, Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy 54, 1243 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0584-8547(99)00073-7
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0584-8547(99)00073-7
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“Enhancement of X-ray fluorescence intensity from an ultra-thin sandwiched layer at grazing-emission angles”. Tsuji K, Takenaka H, Wagatsuma K, de Bokx PK, Van Grieken RE, Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy 54, 1881 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0584-8547(99)00143-3
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0584-8547(99)00143-3
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“Grazing exit electron probe microanalysis for surface and particle analysis”. Tsuji K, Wagatsuma K, Nullens R, Van Grieken RE, Analytical chemistry 71, 2497 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1021/AC990075P
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1021/AC990075P
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“Grazing-exit particle-induced X-ray emission analysis with extremely low background”. Tsuji K, Spolnik Z, Wagatsuma K, Van Grieken RE, Vis RD, Analytical chemistry 71, 5033 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1021/AC990568U
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1021/AC990568U
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“Gypsum and other calcium-rich particles above the North Sea”. Hoornaert S, van Malderen H, Van Grieken R, Environmental science and technology 30, 1515 (1996). http://doi.org/10.1021/ES9504350
Abstract: Ca-containing particles, especially CaSO4 particles, have been encountered in several atmospheric aerosol studies. An overview is given of the different sources of airborne Ca-containing particles, The North Sea atmosphere is studied to identify the different Ca-containing particle types and to find the correlation between their occurrence and the source regions of the corresponding air masses. About 50000 individual aerosol samples were collected above the Southern Eight of the North Sea for several wind directions and analyzed for their composition using electron probe X-ray microanalysis. Nonhierarchical cluster analysis is performed on the data to reveal the different particle types, their relative abundances and their sources. CaSO4 in most cases constitutes the largest fraction of the Ca-containing particles. Extremely high numbers of CaSO4 particles are found for northeastern winds, coming from the central part of Germany, suggesting that a great fraction is derived from anthropogenic sources located in this region. Among the other Ca-containing particle types are the aluminosilicates, CaCO3, Fe-Ca-rich particles, and CaSO4 or CaCO3 in combination with NaCl.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1021/ES9504350
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“Heavy metals in sediments from the Paraguay river: a preliminary study”. Facetti J, Dekov VM, Van Grieken R, The science of the total environment 209, 79 (1998). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(97)00299-4
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(97)00299-4
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“Heterogeneity assessment in individual CaCO3-CaSO4 particles using ultrathin window electron probe X-ray microanalysis”. Ro C-U, Oh K-Y, Osán J, de Hoog J, Worobiec A, Van Grieken R, Analytical chemistry 73, 4574 (2001). http://doi.org/10.1021/AC010438X
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1021/AC010438X
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“Identification of individual aerosol particles containing Cr, Pb, and Zn above the North Sea”. van Malderen H, Hoornaert S, Van Grieken R, Environmental science and technology 30, 489 (1996). http://doi.org/10.1021/ES950205L
Abstract: Aerosol samples have been collected over the southern bight of the North Sea from an aircraft. In this way, 96 samples were taken for single-particle analysis during 16 flights. Almost 45 000 individual particles were analyzed with electron probe X-ray microanalysis. More than 5000 of these were found to contain significant concentrations of one or more of the heavy metals Cr, Pb, and Zn. With the help of hierarchical, nonhierarchical, and fuzzy clustering techniques, various heavy metal-containing particle types could be identified. Significant differences in abundances were detected in the North Sea heavy metal aerosol, depending on the origin of the air masses. In samples with continental influence 50 times more Zn- and Pb-containing particles were found than in samples with a marine history. For Cr, on the other hand, we found abundances in the marine sector that were one-third of the values for continental sectors. This might point to a rather undefined marine source, which could be the recycling of previously deposited material by reinjection into the atmosphere by sea spray. The highest values for Cr-, Pb-, and Zn-containing particles were always detected under southeastern wind directions.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1021/ES950205L
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