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Author Lind, O.C.; de Nolf, W.; Janssens, K.; Salbu, B.
Title Micro-analytical characterisation of radioactive heterogeneities in samples from Central Asian TENORM sites Type A1 Journal article
Year 2013 Publication Journal of environmental radioactivity Abbreviated Journal J Environ Radioactiv
Volume 123 Issue Pages 63-70
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract The present work focuses on the use of micro-analytical techniques to demonstrate the heterogeneous distribution of radionuclides and metals in soils collected at Former Soviet Union mining sites in Central Asia. Based on digital autoradiography, radionuclides were heterogeneously distributed in soil samples collected at the abandoned uranium mining sites Kurday, Kazakhstan, Kadji Sai, Kyrgyzstan and Taboshar, Tajikistan. Using electron microscopy interfaced with X-ray microanalysis submicron – mm-sized radioactive particles and rock fragments with U, As, Se and toxic metals on the surfaces were identified in Kurday and Kadji Sai samples. Employing scanning and tomographic (3D) synchrotron radiation based micro-X-ray fluorescence (mu-SRXRF) and synchrotron radiation based micro-X-ray diffraction (mu-SRXRD) allowed us to observe the inner structure of the particles without physical sectioning. The distribution of elements in virtual crosssections demonstrated that U and a series of toxic elements were rather heterogeneously distributed also within individual radioactive TENORM particles. Compared to archived data, U in Kadji Sai particles was present as uraninite (U4O9+y or UO2+x) or Na-zippeite aNa(4)(UO2)(6)[(OH)(10)(SO4)(3)]center dot 4H(2)O), i.e. U minerals with very low solubility. The results suggested that TENORM particles can carry substantial amount of radioactivity, which can be subject to re-suspension, atmospheric transport and water transport. Thus, the potential radioecological and radioanalytical impact of radioactive particles at NORM and TENORM sites worldwide should be taken into account. The present work also demonstrates that radioecological studies should benefit from the use of advanced methods such as synchrotron radiation based techniques. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000321177200007 Publication Date 2012-03-16
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0265-931x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 2.31 Times cited 16 Open Access
Notes (up) ; We gratefully acknowledge the support provided by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the European Commission (HASYLAB proposal I-20070051 EC and II-20090184 EC). The authors are indebted to Dr. Karen Appel and Dr. Manuela Borchert, Hasylab for beamline assistance. ; Approved Most recent IF: 2.31; 2013 IF: 3.571
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:109558 Serial 5710
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Author Dooley, K.A.; Chieli, A.; Romani, A.; Legrand, S.; Miliani, C.; Janssens, K.; Delaney, J.K.
Title Molecular fluorescence imaging spectroscopy for mapping low concentrations of red lake pigments : Van Gogh's painting The Olive Orchard Type A1 Journal article
Year 2020 Publication Angewandte Chemie-International Edition Abbreviated Journal Angew Chem Int Edit
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Vincent van Gogh used fugitive red lake pigments that have faded in some paintings. Mapping their distribution is key to understanding how his paintings have changed with time. While red lake pigments can be identified from microsamples, in situ identification and mapping remain challenging. This paper explores the ability of molecular fluorescence imaging spectroscopy to identify and, more importantly, map residual non-degraded red lakes. The high sensitivity of this method enabled identification of the emission spectra of eosin (tetrabromine fluorescein) lake mixed with lead or zinc white at lower concentrations than elemental X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy used on account of bromine. The molecular fluorescence mapping of residual eosin and two carmine red lakes in van Gogh's The Olive Orchard is demonstrated and compared with XRF imaging spectroscopy. The red lakes are consistent with the composition of paint tubes known to have been used by van Gogh.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000512477200001 Publication Date 2020-01-21
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1433-7851; 0570-0833 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 16.6 Times cited 2 Open Access
Notes (up) ; We thank Damon Conover and Roxanne Radpour for help with the fluorescence self-absorption correction, and Ella Hendricks for discussions about van Gogh~s letters and materials. K.J. and S.L. thank the Research Council of the University of Antwerp for financial support (ID grant 25805 to S.L. and GOA project SolarPaint). Also FWO, Brussels provided financial support (grants G056619N and G054719N). The European research project IPERION-CH, funded by the European Commission, H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015 (Grant agreement n. 654028) is also acknowledged. ; Approved Most recent IF: 16.6; 2020 IF: 11.994
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:166490 Serial 6563
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Author Bertrand, L.; Schoeeder, S.; Anglos, D.; Breese, M.B.H.; Janssens, K.; Moini, M.; Simon, A.
Title Mitigation strategies for radiation damage in the analysis of ancient materials Type A1 Journal article
Year 2015 Publication Trends in analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal Trac-Trend Anal Chem
Volume 66 Issue Pages 128-145
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract The study of materials in cultural heritage artifacts and micro-samples benefits from diagnostic techniques based on intense radiation sources, such as synchrotrons, ion-beam accelerators and lasers. While most of the corresponding techniques are classified as non-destructive, investigation with photons or charged particles entails a number of fundamental processes that may induce changes in materials. These changes depend on irradiation parameters, properties of materials and environmental factors. In some cases, radiation-induced damage may be detected by visual inspection. When it is not, irradiation may still lead to atomic and molecular changes resulting in immediate or delayed alteration and bias of future analyses. Here we review the effects of radiation reported on a variety of cultural heritage materials and describe the usual practice for assessing short-term and long-term effects. This review aims to raise awareness and encourage subsequent research activities to limit radiation side effects.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000352248200020 Publication Date 2014-12-22
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0165-9936 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 8.442 Times cited 35 Open Access
Notes (up) ; We wish to acknowledge the support of this initiative by the International Atomic Energy Agency. We gratefully thank Professor Manfred Schreiner of the Institute of Natural Sciences and Technology in the Arts (Akademie den bildenden Kunst, Vienna, Austria) for helpful discussions and insights on this work. We thank all colleagues who accepted to have their work reproduced in this review. IPANEMA at Synchrotron SOLEIL, the Hungarian Academy of Science and IESL-FORTH were supported within the Research Infrastructure program CHARISMA of the 7th Framework Programme of the EU (Grant Agreement no. 228330). MM's contribution is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant numbers CHE 1241672 and CHE 1440849. We thank Chris McGlinchey and Lauren Klein (Museum of Modern Art, New York, USA) for their critical rereading of the manuscript. ; Approved Most recent IF: 8.442; 2015 IF: 6.472
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:124627 Serial 5729
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Author Janssens, K.; van der Snickt, G.; Vanmeert, F.; Legrand, S.; Nuyts, G.; Alfeld, M.; Monico, L.; Anaf, W.; de Nolf, W.; Vermeulen, M.; Verbeeck, J.; De Wael, K.
Title Non-invasive and non-destructive examination of artistic pigments, paints, and paintings by means of X-Ray methods Type A1 Journal article
Year 2016 Publication Topics in Current Chemistry Abbreviated Journal Topics Curr Chem
Volume 374 Issue 374 Pages 81
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Recent studies are concisely reviewed, in which X-ray beams of (sub)micrometre to millimetre dimensions have been used for non-destructive analysis and characterization of pigments, minute paint samples, and/or entire paintings from the seventeenth to the early twentieth century painters. The overview presented encompasses the use of laboratory and synchrotron radiation-based instrumentation and deals with the use of several variants of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) as a method of elemental analysis and imaging, as well as with the combined use of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Microscopic XRF is a variant of the method that is well suited to visualize the elemental distribution of key elements, mostly metals, present in paint multi-layers, on the length scale from 1 to 100 μm inside micro-samples taken from paintings. In the context of the characterization of artists pigments subjected to natural degradation, the use of methods limited to elemental analysis or imaging usually is not sufficient to elucidate the chemical transformations that have taken place. However, at synchrotron facilities, combinations of μ-XRF with related methods such as μ-XAS and μ-XRD have proven themselves to be very suitable for such studies. Their use is often combined with microscopic Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and/or Raman microscopy since these methods deliver complementary information of high molecular specificity at more or less the same length scale as the X-ray microprobe techniques. Since microscopic investigation of a relatively limited number of minute paint samples, taken from a given work of art, may not yield representative information about the entire artefact, several methods for macroscopic, non-invasive imaging have recently been developed. Those based on XRF scanning and full-field hyperspectral imaging appear very promising; some recent published results are discussed.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer international publishing ag Place of Publication Cham Editor
Language Wos 000391178900006 Publication Date 2016-11-21
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2365-0869;2364-8961; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 4.033 Times cited 50 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 4.033
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:139930UA @ admin @ c:irua:139930 Serial 4443
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Author Herremans, D.; Cagno, S.; Vincke, A.; Janssens, K.; De Clercq, W.
Title All crystal clear : 18th-century glass à la façon de Bohème from the cistercian nunnery of Clairefontaine, Belgium Type A1 Journal article
Year 2013 Publication Journal of glass studies Abbreviated Journal
Volume 55 Issue Pages 137-+
Keywords A1 Journal article; Art; History; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Excavations at the Cistercian nunnery of Clairefontaine, located near Arlon in the south of Belgium, revealed an assemblage of 18th-century colorless glass. The morphology of the vessels and the engraved decoration suggest a central European origin or, at least, stylistic inspiration. The composition of the glass points to a recipe combining silica, lime, and potash: a colorless potash glass a la facon de Boheme. This article considers the technology, morphology, and origin of the vessels. The art-historical analysis is supported by chemical research (scanning electron microscopy energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy [SEM-EDX]). The finds are also discussed in light of the emerging northwestern European glass industry, changing consumer practices during the 18th century, and their meaning for the inhabitants of the abbey.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos Publication Date
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0075-4250 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:114603 Serial 5461
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Author Cotte, M.; Genty-Vincent, A.; Janssens, K.; Susini, J.
Title Applications of synchrotron X-ray nano-probes in the field of cultural heritage Type A1 Journal article
Year 2018 Publication Comptes rendus : physique Abbreviated Journal Cr Phys
Volume 19 Issue 7 Pages 575-588
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Synchrotron-based techniques are increasingly used in the field of cultural heritage, and this review focuses notably on the application of nano-beams to access high-spatial-resolution information on fragments sampled in historical or model artworks. Depending on the targeted information, various nano-analytical techniques can be applied, providing both identification and localization of the various components. More precisely, nano-X-ray fluorescence probes elements, nano-X-ray diffraction identify crystalline phases, and nano X-ray absorption spectroscopy is sensitive to speciation. Furthermore, computed tomography-based techniques can provide useful information about the morphology and in particular the porosity of materials. (C) 2018 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000451631400006 Publication Date 2018-08-13
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1631-0705; 1878-1535 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 2.048 Times cited 3 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 2.048
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:156320 Serial 5476
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Author Janssens, K.
Title A brief history of 50 years of ICXOM Type P1 Proceeding
Year 2010 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-6
Keywords P1 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract The ICXOM series of meetings began in 1956 and for over 50 years have been conferences devoted to the topic of “X-ray microanalysis”, both for those interested in developing instrumentation and methods of analysis and for scientists mainly interested in using X-ray micro-analysers for investigations of an applied nature. This contribution surveys the ICXOM series origins, its development and trends over the years.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos Publication Date
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-0-7354-0764-0 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:83244 Serial 5493
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Author van der Linden, V.; Schalm, O.; Houbraken, J.; Thomas, M.; Meesdom, E.; Devos, A.; van Dooren, R.; Nieuwdorp, H.; Janssen, E.; Janssens, K.
Title Chemical analysis of 16th to 19th century Limoges School painted enamel objects in three museums of the Low Countries Type A1 Journal article
Year 2010 Publication X-ray spectrometry Abbreviated Journal X-Ray Spectrom
Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 112-121
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract In this study, the results of analysing of a series of 16th-19th century painted enamel objects of the Limoges School currently in collections in three Dutch and Flemish museums by means of portable and micro x-ray fluorescence analysis (PXRF and µ-XRF) and electron probe micro analysis (EPMA) are presented. The aim of the investigation was the authentication of specific pieces. Therefore, the glass compositions as well as the (glass) colouring agents used by the Limoges' artists were studied as a function of the age of the objects. Due to the evolution of these properties, it is possible to approximately date these objects based on their chemical composition. The complete émail peint collection of the Museum Boijmans-Van Beuningen (Rotterdam, The Netherlands), consisting of 20 émail peint plaques, was analysed with µ-XRF. Quantitative information was obtained by EPMA analysis of 15 enamel fragments of objects from museum and private collections in the Low Countries. PXRF analyses were performed on the painted enamel collection of the Antwerp Vleeshuis Museum (13 objects) and the Mayer van den Bergh Museum (4 objects) and on a set of 18 plaques that were donated to the Boijmans-Van Beuningen Museum by a private collector. The results obtained by means of EPMA, µ-XRF and PXRF proved to be useful in the discrimination of 16th century painted enamel objects from those of the19th century. From a total of 70 objects examined, 2 objects (OM964A and OM993) featured a chemical signature that deviated from the published literature composition and pigment use consistent with its presumed period of manufacture.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000275959400007 Publication Date 2009-08-11
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0049-8246 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 1.298 Times cited 8 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 1.298; 2010 IF: 1.661
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:82325 Serial 5509
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Author Monico, L.; Janssens, K.; Cotte, M.; Sorace, L.; Vanmeert, F.; Brunetti, B.G.; Miliani, C.
Title Chromium speciation methods and infrared spectroscopy for studying the chemical reactivity of lead chromate-based pigments in oil medium Type A1 Journal article
Year 2016 Publication Microchemical journal T2 – TECHNART Conference, APR 27-30, 2015, Catania, ITALY Abbreviated Journal Microchem J
Volume 124 Issue Pages 272-282
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Environmental factors, such as light, humidity and temperature are triggering agents for the alteration of organic and/or inorganic constituents of oil paintings. The oxidation of the organic material is favored by increasing of relative humidity and temperature, whereas processes involving changes of the oxidation states of a number of inorganic pigments (e.g., vermilion, cadmium yellows, zinc yellows, chrome yellows) are mainly activated by light-exposure. In view of the optimization of the long-term conservation and restoration strategies of paintings it is of relevant interest to establish the consequences of thermal parameters (temperature and relative humidity) on the chemical/photochemical-reactivity and the nature of the alteration products of light sensitive-pigments in oil medium. To this aim here we propose a multi-method analytical approach based on the combination of diffuse reflectance UV-Vis, FTIR, synchrotron radiation (SR)-based micro X-ray fluorescence (mu-XRF)/micro-X-ray absorption neat edge structure ()CANES) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopies for studying the effects of different relative humidity conditions before and after light exposure on the reactivity of a series of lead chromate-based pigments [such as PbCrO4 center dot PbO (monoclinic), PbCrO4 (monoclinic) and PbCr0.2S0.8O4 (orthorhombic)] in an oil medium. The investigation of paint models was also compared to that of a late 19th century historical orthorhombic PbCr0.4S0.6O4 oil paint. Diffuse reflectance UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopies were used to obtain information associated with chromatic changes and the formation of organo-metal degradation products at the paint surface. SR-based Cr K-edge mu-XANES/mu-XRF mapping analysis and EPR spectroscopy were employed in a complementary fashion to determine the amount, nature and distribution of Cr(III) and Cr(V)-based alteration compounds within the paints with micrometric spatial resolution. Under the employed thermal aging conditions, lead(II)-carboxylates and reduced Cr-compounds (in abundance of up to about 35% at the surface) have been identified in the lead chromate-based paints. The tendency of chromates to become reduced increased with increasing moisture levels and was favored for the orthorhombic PbCr0.2S0.8O4 compounds. The redox process gave rise to the formation of Cr(V)-species in relative amount much higher than that was formed in the equivalent paint which was exposed only to light. After light-exposure of the thermally aged paints, compounds ascribable to the oxidation of the organic binder were detected for all the types of pigments. Nevertheless, the previous thermal treatment increased the tendency toward photo-reduction of only the PbCr0.2S0.8O4 pigment. For this light-sensitive compound, the thickness variation of the reduced Cr-rich (ca. 70%) photo-alteration layer with moisture levels could be ascribed to a surface passivation phenomenon that had already occurred before photochemical aging. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000367755600042 Publication Date 2015-09-12
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0026-265x; 0026-265x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.034 Times cited 23 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.034
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:131099 Serial 5519
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Author Herremans, D.; Cagno, S.; Vincke, A.; de Clercq, W.; Janssens, K.
Title Composition and state of alteration of 18th century glass from the Cistercian nunnery of Clairefontaine (Belgium) Type P1 Proceeding
Year 2012 Publication Proceedings of the Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers T2 – Conference on Integrated Approaches to the Study of Historical Glass, (IASHG), APR 16-17, 2012, Brussels, BELGIUM Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 842206-842211
Keywords P1 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract An extended set of 18th century glass vessels was analyzed by means of SEM-EDX (major and minor element composition) The fragmented archaeological objects were recovered from a latrine belonging to the early 18th century building phase of the nunnery of Clairefontaine, near Arlon (B). On the basis of typology and decoration, the major part of the vessels could be dated around the middle of the 18th century. Variety in color and weathering of the glass suggest differences in glassmaking recipes and in the composition and origin of raw materials. The results of the analysis show how two main compositional groups constitute about 90% of the analyzed glass set, and these are constituted by potash glass (transparent beakers) and high lime low alkali glass (green bottles). Next to these, a few potash-lime and soda glasses are also found. The type of alteration has also a clear relation with the original glass composition.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000311900800006 Publication Date 2012-06-06
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume 8422 Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-0-8194-9104-6; 0277-786x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:110799 Serial 5537
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Author Cagno, S.; de Raedt, I.; Jeffries, T.; Janssens, K.
Title Composition of Facon de Venise glass from early 17th century London in comparison with luxury glass of the same age Type P1 Proceeding
Year 2012 Publication Proceedings of the Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers T2 – Conference on Integrated Approaches to the Study of Historical Glass, (IASHG), APR 16-17, 2012, Brussels, BELGIUM Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 842205-842212
Keywords P1 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract SEM-EDX and LA-ICP-MS analyses were performed on a set of early 17th century London glass fragments. The samples originate from two archaeological sites (Aldgate and Old Broad Street) where glass workshops were active in this period. The great majority of the samples are made of soda glass. Two distinct compositional groups are observed, each typical of one site of provenance. The samples originating from the Old Broad Street excavation feature a silica-soda-lime composition, with a moderate amount of potash. The samples from Aldgate are richer in potassium and feature higher amounts of trace elements such as Rb, Zr and Cu. The distinction between the two groups stems from different flux and silica sources used for glassmaking. A comparison with different European glass compositions of that time reveals no resemblance with genuine Venetian production, yet the composition of the Old Broad Street glass shows a close similarity to that of fragments produced 'a la facon de Venise' in Antwerp at the end of the 16th century. This coincides with historical sources attesting the arrival of glassworkers from the Low Countries in England and suggests that a transfer of technology took place near the turn of the century.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000311900800005 Publication Date 2012-06-06
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume 8422 Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-0-8194-9104-6; 0277-786x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited 1 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:110142 Serial 5543
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Author Anaf, W.; Trashin, S.; Schalm, O.; van Dorp, D.; Janssens, K.; De Wael, K.
Title Electrochemical photodegradation study of semiconductor pigments : influence of environmental parameters Type A1 Journal article
Year 2014 Publication Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem
Volume 86 Issue 19 Pages 9742-9748
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
Abstract Chemical transformations in paintings often induce discolorations, disturbing the appearance of the image. For an appropriate conservation of such valuable and irreplaceable heritage objects, it is important to have a good know-how on the degradation processes of the (historical) materials: which pigments have been discolored, what are the responsible processes, and which (environmental) conditions have the highest impact on the pigment degradation and should be mitigated. Pigment degradation is already widely studied, either by analyzing historical samples or by accelerated weathering experiments on dummies. However, in historic samples several processes may have taken place, increasing the complexity of the current state, while aging experiments are time-consuming due to the often extended aging period. An alternative method is proposed for a fast monitoring of degradation processes of semiconductor pigments, using an electrochemical setup mimicking the real environment and allowing the identification of harmful environmental parameters for each pigment. Examples are given for the pigments cadmium yellow (CdS) and vermilion (α-HgS).
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000343017100058 Publication Date 2014-08-27
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 6.32 Times cited 18 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 6.32; 2014 IF: 5.636
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:118834 Serial 5593
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Author de Nolf, W.; Dik, J.; van der Snickt, G.; Wallert, A.; Janssens, K.
Title High energy X-ray powder diffraction for the imaging of (hidden) paintings Type A1 Journal article
Year 2011 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 26 Issue 5 Pages 910-916
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Over the past few years a number of innovative imaging techniques have been introduced for the visualization of hidden paint layers in Old Master Paintings. These include X-ray fluorescence scanning, TeraHertz imaging, optical coherence tomography and other acoustics-based forms of visualization. All of these techniques are usually a trade-off between their penetrative capability on the one side and their analytical precision in terms of spatial resolution and material identification on the other. Here, we present the first-time use of High-Energy X-ray Powder Diffraction imaging (HE-XRPD) in the study of hidden layers in paintings. As an imaging tool, it combines high-depth sensitivity with fingerprint identification of most inorganic painting materials. The potential as well as some limitations of this technique are demonstrated using model paintings as well as an authentic 16th century painting.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000289731900005 Publication Date 2011-03-17
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 34 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.379; 2011 IF: 3.220
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:89922 Serial 5640
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Author Schalm, O.; Caen, J.; Janssens, K.
Title Homogeneity, composition and deterioration of window glass fragments and paint layers from two seventeenth-century stained glass windows created by Jan de Caumont (similar to 1580-1659) Type A1 Journal article
Year 2010 Publication Studies in conservation Abbreviated Journal Stud Conserv
Volume 55 Issue 3 Pages 216-226
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000285283600009 Publication Date 2014-01-09
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0039-3630; 2047-0584 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 0.578 Times cited 2 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 0.578; 2010 IF: 0.605
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:85835 Serial 5645
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Author Meulebroeck, W.; Baert, K.; Wouters, H.; Cosyns, P.; Ceglia, A.; Cagno, S.; Janssens, K.; Nys, K.; Terryn, H.; Thienpont, H.
Title The identification of chromophores in ancient glass by the use of UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy Type A1 Journal article
Year 2010 Publication Proceedings of the Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers Abbreviated Journal
Volume 7726 Issue Pages 77260d-12
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract In this publication optical spectroscopy is considered to be a supplementary technique to study ancient colored glass. It results from a systematic study of the UV-VIS-NIR transmission spectra of intentionally colored glass fragments from various archaeological and historical sites and dated from the Roman period to the 21th century AD. The main goal consists of defining optical sensing parameters for this type of material. The considered colorants are iron, cobalt, manganese, copper and chromium. It is proved that many cases exist where optical spectroscopy can be seen as a straightforward, non-destructive, low-cost and in-situ applicable technique in identifying authentic material or to obtain information about the origin of the material. Possible sensing parameters are defined as the absence/presence of absorption bands characteristic for a specific coloring metal oxide and the spectral position of these bands. These parameters could reveal information about the applied furnace conditions and/or to the composition of the glass matrix. It is shown that the cobalt absorption band situated around 535 nm for soda rich glasses (Roman and industrial times) is shifted towards 526 nm for potash rich glasses (medieval and post-medieval times).
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000285287900011 Publication Date 2010-04-29
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0277-786x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited 10 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:111316 Serial 5650
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Author van der Snickt, G.; Legrand, S.; Slama, I.; Van Zuien, E.; Gruber, G.; Van der Stighelen, K.; Klaassen, L.; Oberthaler, E.; Janssens, K.
Title In situ macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) scanning as a non-invasive tool to probe for subsurface modifications in paintings by PP Rubens Type A1 Journal article
Year 2018 Publication Microchemical journal Abbreviated Journal Microchem J
Volume 138 Issue 138 Pages 238-245
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Within the last decade, the established synchrotron- and laboratory-based micro-XRF scanning technology inspired the development of mobile instruments that allow performing in situ experiments on paintings on a macro scale. Since the development of the first mobile scanner at the start of this decade, this chemical imaging technique has brought new insights with respect to several iconic paintings, especially in cases when standard imaging techniques such as X-Ray Radiography (XRR) or Infrared Refiectography (IRR) yielded ambiguous results. The ability of scanning MA-XRF to visualise the distribution of elements detected at and below the paint surface renders this spectrometric method particularly helpful for studying painting techniques and revealing materials that remain hidden below the paint surface. The latter aspect is especially relevant for the technical study of works by Pieter Paul Rubens (1577-1640) as this highly productive seventeenth century master is particularly renowned for the continuous application of modifications during (and even after) the entire course of the creative process. In this work, the added value of MA-XRF scanning experiments for visualising these subsurface features is exemplified by interpreting the chemical images obtained on three of Rubens' key works. Special attention is given to three types of adjustments that are particularly relevant for the technical study of Rubens' oeuvre: (1) compositional changes ('pentimenti'), exemplified by results obtained on The Portrait of Helene Fourment (ca. 1638), (2) extensions to the support ('Anstlickungen.), illustrated by imaging experiments performed on the Venus Frigida (1614) and (3) Rubens' intriguing halos around flesh tones, as found amongst others in The Incredulity of Saint Thomas (1613). The ensuing insights in the paint stratigraphy and the underlying supporting structure illustrate the potential of MA-XRF scanning for the non-invasive, comparative study of Rubens' oeuvre. The results do not only augment the understanding of the complex genesis of Rubens' works of art and his efficient painting technique, but prove valuable during conservation treatments as well, as addressed in this paper. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000428103000027 Publication Date 2018-01-17
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0026-265x; 0026-265x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.034 Times cited 5 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.034
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:151564 Serial 5657
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Author Anaf, W.; Bencs, L.; Van Grieken, R.; Janssens, K.; De Wael, K.
Title Indoor particulate matter in four Belgian heritage sites : case studies on the deposition of dark-colored and hygroscopic particles Type A1 Journal article
Year 2015 Publication The science of the total environment Abbreviated Journal Sci Total Environ
Volume 506 Issue Pages 361-368
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Atmospheric total suspended particulate (TSP) was passively sampled by means of deployed horizontal and vertical filters in various rooms of four Belgian cultural heritage buildings, installed with various heating/ventilation systems. Soiling/blackening and deposition of inorganic, water-soluble aerosol components were considered. The extent of soiling was determined by means of two independent methods: (1) in terms of the covering rate of the samplers by optical reflection microscopy and (2) the reduction in lightness of the samplers using the CIE L*a*b* color space by spectrophotometry. A fairly good correlation was found between both methods. The inorganic composition of the deposited water-soluble TSP was quantified by means of ion chromatography. Compared to controlled environments, uncontrolled environments showed increased water-soluble aerosol content of the total deposited mass. Higher chloride deposition was observed on horizontal surfaces, compared to vertical surfaces.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000347576800039 Publication Date 2014-11-24
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0048-9697 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 4.9 Times cited 12 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 4.9; 2015 IF: 4.099
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:120640 Serial 5662
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Author Bull, D.; Krekeler, A.; Alfeld, M.; Dik, J.; Janssens, K.
Title An intrusive portrait by Goya Type A1 Journal article
Year 2011 Publication The Burlington magazine Abbreviated Journal
Volume 153 Issue 1303 Pages 668-673
Keywords A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos Publication Date
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0007-6287; 2044-9925 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:93602 Serial 5672
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Author da Silva, A.T.; Legrand, S.; van der Snickt, G.; Featherstone, R.; Janssens, K.; Bottinelli, G.
Title MA-XRF imaging on Rene Magritte's La condition humaine : insights into the artist's palette and technique and the discovery of a third quarter of La pose enchantee Type A1 Journal article
Year 2017 Publication Heritage science Abbreviated Journal
Volume 5 Issue Pages 37
Keywords A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Magritte's composition La condition humaine, 1935 was found to conceal under its paint layers an entire quarter of a lost composition by the artist, until recently only known from a small black/white catalogue illustration-La pose enchantee, 1927. This study is the latest contribution to the discovery of the artist's missing painting, now known to have been cut into four parts and re-used by Magritte as the support for new compositions. Non-destructive analytical and examination methods and specifically macroscopic X-ray fluorescence (MAXRF) scanning and conventional X-ray radiography (XRR) were the two non-destructive analytical and examination methods used to study both compositions and add to the existing knowledge on the artist's palette during both periods. The first method is capable of identifying the presence and the distribution of key chemical elements present in artists' materials. In some instances elemental mapping provided useful information on the hidden painting, but conventional X-ray radiography (XRR) enabled a better visualisation of the form and paint application of the underlying composition. Furthermore, the turnover edges of the canvas reveal after over 80 years the artist's palette directly to the viewer. Additional XRF scanning of this exposed paint has confirmed and added to the existing research published to date of this lost painting, including a proposed colour reconstruction, but at the same time highlighting the need for further analytical research involving both non-destructive point analysis and the use of paint samples.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000410413500001 Publication Date 2017-08-04
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2050-7445 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited 7 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:145695 Serial 5696
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Author Ricciardi, P.; Legrand, S.; Bertolotti, G.; Janssens, K.
Title Macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) scanning of illuminated manuscript fragments: potentialities and challenges Type A1 Journal article
Year 2016 Publication Microchemical journal T2 – TECHNART Conference, APR 27-30, 2015, Catania, ITALY Abbreviated Journal Microchem J
Volume 124 Issue Pages 785-791
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Macro X-ray fluorescence scanning (MA-XRF) is gradually becoming an established technique for the non-invasive analytical investigation of painted surfaces. This paper discusses some of the benefits and limitations of employing MA-XRF for the study of manuscript illuminations. Art historical research on this type of artefacts that is based on scientific measurements is often limited by the fact that usually no sampling can take place. Hence there is a need for non-invasive analytical tools that make it possible to conduct systematic investigations. As a representative example of this type of objects, a 15th century Italian manuscript fragment from the collection of the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge (UK) is investigated. The aims of the study were to gain insight into the materials and techniques employed by Renaissance illuminators and to help answer specific questions regarding the fragment's authorship and geographic origin. The complementarity and advantages of MA-XRF mapping versus site-specific analyses are discussed. For this purpose, MA-XRF data are evaluated and compared with the results of other analytical techniques. The interpretation of the elemental maps is discussed along with the challenges faced during the analysis. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000367755600096 Publication Date 2015-10-27
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0026-265x; 0026-265x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.034 Times cited 24 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.034
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:144767 Serial 5698
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Author Legrand, S.; Alfeld, M.; Vanmeert, F.; de Nolf, W.; Janssens, K.
Title Macroscopic Fourier transform infrared scanning in reflection mode (MA-rFTIR), a new tool for chemical imaging of cultural heritage artefacts in the mid-infrared range Type A1 Journal article
Year 2014 Publication The analyst Abbreviated Journal Analyst
Volume 139 Issue 10 Pages 2489-2498
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract In this paper we demonstrate that by means of scanning reflection FTIR spectroscopy, it is possible to record highly specific distribution maps of organic and inorganic compounds from flat, macroscopic objects with cultural heritage value in a non-invasive manner. Our previous work involved the recording of macroscopic distributions of chemical elements or crystal phases from painted works of art based on respectively macroscopic X-ray fluorescence or X-ray powder diffraction analysis. The use of infrared radiation instead of X-rays has the advantage that more specific information about the nature and distribution of the chemical compounds present can be gathered. This higher imaging specificity represents a clear advantage for the characterization of painting and artist materials. It allows the distribution of metallo-organic compounds to be visualized and permits distinguishing between pigmented materials containing the same key metal. The prototype instrument allows the recording of hyperspectral datacubes by scanning the surface of the artefact in a contactless and sequential single-point measuring mode, while recording the spectrum of reflected infrared radiation. After the acquisition, spectral line intensities of individual bands and chemical distribution maps can be extracted from the datacube to identify the compounds present and/or to highlight their spatial distribution. Not only is information gained on the surface of the investigated artefacts, but also images of overpainted paint layers and, if present, the underdrawing may be revealed in this manner. A current major limitation is the long scanning times required to record these maps.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000334734200028 Publication Date 2014-02-19
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-2654 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.885 Times cited 25 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.885; 2014 IF: 4.107
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:116595 Serial 5699
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Author Schalm, O.; Proost, K.; De Vis, K.; Cagno, S.; Janssens, K.; Mees, F.; Jacobs, P.; Caen, J.
Title Manganese staining of archaeological glass : the characterization of Mn-rich inclusions in leached layers and a hypothesis of its formation Type A1 Journal article
Year 2011 Publication Archaeometry Abbreviated Journal Archaeometry
Volume 53 Issue 1 Pages 103-122
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract During the study of a large number of archaeological glass fragments, manganese-rich inclusions in leached layers were observed in a limited number of cases. This phenomenon occurs only in black-coloured leached layers. Since the formation mechanism of such manganese-rich inclusions is still unclear, a combination of several analytical techniques was used in order to investigate this phenomenon and, more specifically, to obtain more information on (a) the composition and morphology of the inclusions, (b) the chemical state of Mn and (c) the 3D morphology of the inclusions. A mechanism that might explain the formation of these inclusions is proposed.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000285418100006 Publication Date 2010-07-22
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-813x; 1475-4754 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 1.47 Times cited 24 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 1.47; 2011 IF: 1.183
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:88754 Serial 5704
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Author Schalm, O.; de Raedt, I.; Caen, J.; Janssens, K.
Title A methodology for the identification of glass panes of different origin in a single stained glass window: application on two 13th century windows Type A1 Journal article
Year 2010 Publication Journal of cultural heritage Abbreviated Journal J Cult Herit
Volume 11 Issue 4 Pages 487-492
Keywords A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract The chemical composition of 11 glass panes originating from two 13th century non-figurative windows were analyzed by means of Scanning Electron MicroscopyEnergy Dispersive X-ray system (SEM-EDX). The windows were discovered in the back-wall of the triforium during the restoration of the choir of the cathedral St. Michael and St. Gudule in Brussels (Belgium). In order to determine if these windows were fabricated with glass of different origin or not, the compositional difference between the panes were compared with the variation in composition as a result of the following causes: (1) compositional fluctuation between panes cut from the same sheet of glass, (2) compositional fluctuation caused when panes are cut from different sheets that were made with the same batch, (3) compositional fluctuation caused when the glass is made from different batches at the same production center, and (4) compositional fluctuation as a result of glass produced at different fabrication centers.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000282680500016 Publication Date 2010-07-07
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1296-2074 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 1.838 Times cited 7 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 1.838; 2010 IF: 1.162
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:84942 Serial 5707
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Author Alvarez-Martin, A.; Trashin, S.; Cuykx, M.; Covaci, A.; De Wael, K.; Janssens, K.
Title Photodegradation mechanisms and kinetics of Eosin-Y in oxic and anoxic conditions Type A1 Journal article
Year 2017 Publication Dyes and pigments Abbreviated Journal Dyes Pigments
Volume 145 Issue Pages 376-384
Keywords A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Toxicological Centre
Abstract Lakes based on Eosin-Y are extensively used by 19th century artists. Unfortunately, the identification of these pigments in paintings is a difficult task because Eosin-Y degrades very fast under the influence of light. The characterization of the (photo)degradation products of Eosin-Y can be very useful for the identification of these pigments in historic works of art and related cultural heritage artifacts. Furthermore, knowledge on how different factors influence the discoloration process (e.g. different types of irradiation sources and presence/absence of oxygen) is a valuable tool for preventive conservation. To this aim we performed a study on the photodegradation of Eosin-Y in solution under different illumination and in both oxic and anoxic conditions. The photodegradation of Eosin-Y was monitored by UV-VIS spectrophotometry, LC-QTOFMS and electrochemistry techniques. Results indicated higher degradation rates, by a factor of 20 or higher, under illumination with wavelengths near to the main absorbance band of the red pigment. Two different degradation pathways are observed under the conditions studied. LC-QTOFMS and electrochemistry suggested that in the presence of oxygen the degradation mechanism is an oxidative process where the breakdown of the structure causes the total discoloration. Meanwhile under anoxic conditions, a debromination process takes place while the chromophore, and consequently the color of the molecule in solution, remains essentially intact.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000405972900046 Publication Date 2017-06-16
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0143-7208 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.473 Times cited 18 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.473
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:144385 Serial 5770
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Author Romano, F.P.; Janssens, K.
Title Preface to the special issue on: MA-XRF “developments and applications of macro-XRF in conservation, art, and archeology” (Trieste, Italy, 24 and 25 September 2017) Type Editorial
Year 2019 Publication X-ray spectrometry Abbreviated Journal X-Ray Spectrom
Volume 48 Issue 4 Pages 249-250
Keywords Editorial; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000472210700001 Publication Date 2019-05-10
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0049-8246 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 1.298 Times cited Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 1.298
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:161295 Serial 5786
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Author van der Linden, V.; Meesdom, E.; Devos, A.; van Dooren, R.; Nieuwdorp, H.; Janssen, E.; Balace, S.; Vekemans, B.; Vincze, L.; Janssens, K.
Title PXRF, \mu-XRF, vacuum \mu-XRF, and EPMA analysis of Email Champlevé objects present in Belgian museums Type A1 Journal article
Year 2011 Publication Microscopy and microanalysis Abbreviated Journal Microsc Microanal
Volume 17 Issue 5 Pages 674-685
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract The enamel of 20 Email Champlevé objects dating between the 12th and 19th centuries was investigated by means of microscopic and portable X-ray fluorescence analysis (μ-XRF and PXRF). Seven of these objects were microsampled and the fragments were analyzed with electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and vacuum μ-XRF to obtain quantitative data about the composition of the glass used to produce these enameled objects. As a result of the evolution of the raw materials employed to produce the base glass, three different compositional groups could be discriminated. The first group consisted of soda-lime-silica glass with a sodium source of mineral origin (with low K content) that was opacified by addition of calcium antimonate crystals. This type of glass was only used in objects made in the 12th century. Email Champlevé objects from the beginning of the 13th century onward were enameled with soda-lime-silica glass with a sodium source of vegetal origin. This type of glass, which has a higher potassium content, was opacified with SnO2 crystals. The glass used for 19th century Email Champlevé artifacts was produced with synthetic and purified components resulting in a different chemical composition compared to the other groups. Although the four analytical techniques employed in this study have their own specific characteristics, they were all found to be suitable for classifying the objects into the different chronological categories.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000295609100005 Publication Date 2011-09-23
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1431-9276 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 1.891 Times cited 9 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 1.891; 2011 IF: 3.007
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:92827 Serial 5791
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Author Eliaerts, J.; Dardenne, P.; Meert, N.; Van Durme, F.; Samyn, N.; Janssens, K.; De Wael, K.
Title Rapid classification and quantification of cocaine in seized powders with ATR-FTIR and chemometrics Type A1 Journal article
Year 2017 Publication Drug testing and analysis Abbreviated Journal Drug Test Anal
Volume 9 Issue 10 Pages 1480-1489
Keywords A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Traditionally, fast screening for the presence of cocaine in unknown powders is performed by means of colour tests. The major drawbacks of these tests are subjective colour evaluation depending on the operator (50 shades of blue) and a lack of selectivity. An alternative fast screening technique is Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectrometry. This technique provides spectra that are difficult to interpret without specialized expertise and showing a lack of sensitivity for the detection of cocaine in mixtures. To overcome these limitations, a portable FTIR spectrometer using Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) sampling was combined with a multivariate technique, called Support Vector Machines (SVM). Representative street drug powders (n = 482), seized during the period January 2013 to July 2015, and reference powders (n = 33) were used to build and validate a classification model (n = 515) and a quantification model (n = 378). Both models were compared with the conventional chromatographic techniques. The SVM classification model showed a high sensitivity, specificity and efficiency (99%). The SVM quantification model determined cocaine content with a root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) of 6% calculated over a wide working range from 4 to 99 w%. In conclusion, the developed models resulted in a clear output (cocaine detected or cocaine not detected) and a reliable estimation of the cocaine content in a wide variety of mixtures. The ATR-FTIR technique combined with SVM is a straightforward, user-friendly and fast approach for routine classification and quantification of cocaine in seized powders.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000413685200001 Publication Date 2016-12-17
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1942-7603; 1942-7611 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.469 Times cited 9 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.469
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:139483 Serial 5799
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author MacLennan, D.; Trentelman, K.; Szafran, Y.; Woollett, A.T.; Delaney, J.K.; Janssens, K.; Dik, J.
Title Rembrandt's An Old Man in Military Costume : combining hyperspectral and MA-XRF imaging to understand how two paintings were painted on a single panel Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Journal of the American Institute for Conservation Abbreviated Journal
Volume 58 Issue 1-2 Pages 54-68
Keywords A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Over the past several decades the painting An Old Man in Military Costume by Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn (ca. 1630-31; J. Paul Getty Museum, 78.PB.246) has been the subject of a number of investigations carried out in order to better visualize a second painting beneath the surface figure. The underlying image – the head and shoulders of a man wearing a cloak – is oriented 180 degrees from the upper image and appears to be fairly complete. Scanning macro x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy reveals the face is painted with lead white and a mercury-containing pigment (likely vermilion), and the cloak is painted with a copper-containing pigment. Following the revelation and digital color reconstruction of the underlying figure, a number of questions still remained. Here, through the use of infrared reflectance imaging spectroscopy (i.e., hyperspectral imaging) and macro-XRF imaging spectroscopy, together with cross-sections taken from targeted areas, the sequence of painting in both compositions was explored. Of particular interest was the discovery of evidence of multiple attempts to situate the lower figure, and the subsequent application of a blocking-out layer over the lower figure before the artist rotated the panel and executed the upper figure. In addition, examination of the placement of the two images on the panel adds to our understanding of the subtle complexities of Rembrandt's working process. RESUMEAu cours des dernieres decennies, la peinture Le vieil homme en costume militaire de Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn (ca. 1630-31; J. Paul Getty Museum, 78.PB.246) a fait l'objet de nombreuses investigations menees dans le but de mieux visualiser une seconde peinture dissimulee sous la surface. L'image sous-jacente – la tete et les epaules d'un homme vetu d'une cape – est orientee a 180 degres de de l'image du vieil homme, et elle semble assez complete. La spectroscopie a macro-balayage de fluorescence X (MA-XRF) revele que le visage est peint avec du blanc de plomb et un pigment contenant du mercure (comme le vermillon), et que la cape est peinte avec un pigment a base de cuivre. Plusieurs questions restaient en suspens suite a cette decouverte et a la reconstruction numerique en couleur de l'image sous-jacente. Grace a l'emploi de techniques d'imagerie comme la spectroscopie proche infrarouge (ex., imagerie hyperspectrale) et l'imagerie MA-XRF, combinees a l'analyse de coupes stratigraphiques prelevees a des endroits cibles, on a pu explorer la sequence d'application des couches picturales de chacune des deux compositions. Une decouverte particulierement interessante est la preuve que l'artiste a fait plusieurs tentatives pour positionner la figure sous-jacente puis, a ensuite applique une couche pour la recouvrir completement avant de faire pivoter le panneau et peindre la figure du vieil homme. De plus, l'examen du positionnement des deux images sur le panneau ajoute a notre comprehension de la subtile complexite du processus de creation de Rembrandt. Traduit par Elisabeth Forest. RESUMONas ultimas decadas, a pintura Um Velho em Traje Militar, de Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn (ca. 1630-31; J. Paul Getty Museum, 78.PB.246), foi objeto de uma serie de investigacoes realizadas para visualizar melhor uma segunda pintura abaixo da figura aparente. A imagem subjacente – a cabeca e os ombros de um homem usando uma capa – e orientada a 180 graus da imagem superior e parece estar bastante completa. O macro mapeamento de imagem por espectroscopia de fluorescencia de raios X (FRX) revela que a face e pintada com branco de chumbo e um pigmento contendo mercurio (provavelmente vermelhAo), e a capa e pintada com um pigmento contendo cobre. Apos a descoberta e reconstrucAo digital da cor da figura subjacente, uma serie de questoes ainda permanecem. EntAo, atraves da utilizacAo do mapeamento por imagem de espectroscopia de refletancia por infravermelhos (i.e. mapeamento hiperespectral) e macro mapeamento por imagem de FRX, juntamente com cortes estratigraficos de amostras retiradas de areas de interesse, a pintura em ambas as composicoes foi explorada. De particular interesse foi a descoberta de evidencias de multiplas tentativas de posicionar a figura subjacente, e a subsequente aplicacAo de uma camada intermediaria de separacAo sobre a figura inferior antes do artista girar o painel e executar a figura superior. Alem disso, o exame da colocacAo das duas imagens no painel aumenta nossa compreensAo das sutis complexidades do processo de trabalho de Rembrandt. Traduzido por Marcia Rozzi e Beatriz Haspo. RESUMENA lo largo de las ultimas decadas, la pintura Un anciano con traje militar de Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn (ca. 1630-31; J. Paul Getty Museum, 78.PB.246) ha sido objeto de varias investigaciones realizadas con el fin de visualizar mejor una segunda pintura debajo de la figura de la superficie. La imagen subyacente, la cabeza y los hombros de un hombre que lleva una capa, esta orientada a 180 grados de la imagen superior y parece estar bastante completa. La espectroscopia de fluorescencia de rayos X (XRF) de barrido revela que la cara esta pintada con blanco de plomo y un pigmento que contiene mercurio (probablemente bermellon), y la capa esta pintada con un pigmento que contiene cobre. Tras la revelacion y la reconstruccion digital del color de la figura subyacente, aun quedaban algunas preguntas. Aqui, por medio del uso de la espectroscopia de imagenes de reflectancia infrarroja (es decir, imagenes hiperespectrales) e imagenes macro-XRF, junto con las secciones transversales tomadas de areas especificas, se exploro la secuencia de pintura en ambas composiciones. De particular interes fue el descubrimiento de evidencia de multiples intentos de situar la figura inferior, y la aplicacion posterior de una capa de bloqueo sobre la figura inferior antes de que el artista rotara el panel y ejecutara la figura superior. Ademas, el examen de la colocacion de las dos imagenes en el panel contribuye a nuestra comprension de las sutiles complejidades del proceso de trabajo de Rembrandt. Traduccion: Amparo Rueda.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000468065200005 Publication Date 2018-12-18
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0197-1360 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited 2 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:160407 Serial 5811
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Cabal, A.; Legrand, S.; Van den Bril, B.; Tote, K.; Janssens, K.; van Espen, P.
Title Study of the uniformity of aerosol filters by scanning MA-XRF Type A1 Journal article
Year 2017 Publication X-ray spectrometry T2 – 17th European Conference on X-Ray Spectrometry (EXRS), JUN 19-24, 2016, Univ Gothenburg, Univ Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SWEDEN Abbreviated Journal X-Ray Spectrom
Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 461-466
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is an attractive analytical method to determine the level of air pollution by heavy metals. The concentration of the filter in ng/cm(2) is obtained by direct comparison of the net characteristic line intensity of an element with that of a thin film standard. As the sampled area on the filter and the area of the standard are larger than the area analysed by the instrument, the distribution of the elements on the surface of both samples and standards have to be sufficiently uniform. If this is not the case, biased concentration estimates are obtained. Two scanning macro-XRF setups with a beam diameter of similar to 0.5 mm were used to investigate the distribution of elements in (1) commercially available (Micromatter) standards, (2) in-house quartz filter standards obtained with an aerosol generator and (3) particulatematter (PM10) collected on quartz filters by a Leckel SEQ 47/50 sampler. The uniformity of the Micromatter standards was better than 2%. At least some in-house standards showed a concave distribution with less material at the edges. The maximum bias introduced by this is less than 5%. Because of the limited sensitivity of scanning XRF compared with conventional XRF, the distribution of only a few common elements like Ca and Fe could be determined reliably in aerosol filters. The distribution of some heavy elements could only be measured in filters sampled in polluted regions. In general, the loading of particulate matter over the filters was uniform. Copyright (C) 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000409246400026 Publication Date 2017-03-21
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0049-8246 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 1.298 Times cited 4 Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: 1.298
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:145644 Serial 5852
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Author Clerici, E.A.; De Meyer, S.; van der Snickt, G.; Janssens, K.
Title Synchroton X-ray powder diffraction study of lead white oxidation by sodium hypochloride Type P1 Proceeding
Year 2017 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 13-27
Keywords P1 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos Publication Date
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 978-80-87108-75-8 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes (up) ; ; Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:157219 Serial 5860
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