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“Plasma-Assisted Dry Reforming of CH4: How Small Amounts of O2Addition Can Drastically Enhance the Oxygenate Production─Experiments and Insights from Plasma Chemical Kinetics Modeling”. Li S, Sun J, Gorbanev Y, van’t Veer K, Loenders B, Yi Y, Kenis T, Chen Q, Bogaerts A, ACS Sustainable Chemistry &, Engineering 11, 15373 (2023). http://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c04352
Abstract: Plasma-based dry reforming of methane (DRM) into
high-value-added oxygenates is an appealing approach to enable
otherwise thermodynamically unfavorable chemical reactions at
ambient pressure and near room temperature. However, it suffers
from coke deposition due to the deep decomposition of CH4. In this
work, we assess the DRM performance upon O2 addition, as well as
varying temperature, CO2/CH4 ratio, discharge power, and gas
residence time, for optimizing oxygenate production. By adding O2,
the main products can be shifted from syngas (CO + H2) toward
oxygenates. Chemical kinetics modeling shows that the improved
oxygenate production is due to the increased concentration of
oxygen-containing radicals, e.g., O, OH, and HO2, formed by electron
impact dissociation [e + O2 → e + O + O/O(1D)] and subsequent
reactions with H atoms. Our study reveals the crucial role of oxygen-coupling in DRM aimed at oxygenates, providing practical
solutions to suppress carbon deposition and at the same time enhance the oxygenates production in plasma-assisted DRM.
Keywords: A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
Impact Factor: 8.4
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c04352
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“Special Issue on “Dielectric Barrier Discharges and their Applications&rdquo, in Commemoration of the 20th Anniversary of Dr. Ulrich Kogelschatz’s Work”. Bogaerts A, Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing 43, 1281 (2023). http://doi.org/10.1007/s11090-023-10431-x
Abstract: n/a
Keywords: A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
Impact Factor: 3.6
DOI: 10.1007/s11090-023-10431-x
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“Accurate Reaction Probabilities for Translational Energies on Both Sides of the Barrier of Dissociative Chemisorption on Metal Surfaces”. Gerrits N, Jackson B, Bogaerts A, The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 15, 2566 (2024). http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03408
Abstract: Molecular dynamics simulations are essential for a better understanding of dissociative chemisorption on metal surfaces, which is often the rate-controlling step in heterogeneous and plasma catalysis. The workhorse quasi-classical trajectory approach ubiquitous in molecular dynamics is able to accurately predict reactivity only for high translational and low vibrational energies. In contrast, catalytically relevant conditions generally involve low translational and elevated vibrational energies. Existing quantum dynamics approaches are intractable or approximate as a result of the large number of degrees of freedom present in molecule−metal surface reactions. Here, we extend a ring polymer molecular dynamics approach to fully include, for the first time, the degrees of freedom of a moving metal surface. With this approach, experimental sticking probabilities for the dissociative chemisorption of methane on Pt(111) are reproduced for a large range of translational and vibrational energies by including nuclear quantum effects and employing full-dimensional simulations.
Keywords: A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
Impact Factor: 5.7
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03408
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“Coupled multi-dimensional modelling of warm plasmas: Application and validation for an atmospheric pressure glow discharge in CO2/CH4/O2”. Maerivoet S, Tsonev I, Slaets J, Reniers F, Bogaerts A, Chemical Engineering Journal 492, 152006 (2024). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.152006
Abstract: To support experimental research into gas conversion by warm plasmas, models should be developed to explain the experimental observations. These models need to describe all physical and chemical plasma properties in a coupled way. In this paper, we present a modelling approach to solve the complete set of assumed relevant equations, including gas flow, heat balance and species transport, coupled with a rather extensive chemistry set, consisting of 21 species, obtained by reduction of a more detailed chemistry set, consisting of 41 species. We apply this model to study the combined CO2 and CH4 conversion in the presence of O2, in a direct current atmospheric pressure glow discharge. Our model can predict the experimental trends, and can explain why higher O2 fractions result in higher CH4 conversion, namely due to the higher gas temperature, rather than just by additional chemical reactions. Indeed, our model predicts that when more O2 is added, the energy required to reach any set temperature (i.e., the enthalpy) drops, allowing the system to reach higher temperatures with similar amounts of energy. This is in turn related to the higher H2O fraction and lower H2 fraction formed in the plasma, as demonstrated by our model. Altogether, our new self-consistent model can capture the main physics and chemistry occurring in this warm plasma, which is an important step towards predictive modelling for plasma-based gas conversion.
Keywords: A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
Impact Factor: 15.1
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2024.152006
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“Improving Molecule–Metal Surface Reaction Networks Using the Meta-Generalized Gradient Approximation: CO2Hydrogenation”. Cai Y, Michiels R, De Luca F, Neyts E, Tu X, Bogaerts A, Gerrits N, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 128, 8611 (2024). http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.4c01110
Abstract: Density functional theory is widely used to gain insights into molecule−metal surface reaction networks, which is important for a better understanding of catalysis. However, it is well-known that generalized gradient approximation (GGA)
density functionals (DFs), most often used for the study of reaction networks, struggle to correctly describe both gas-phase molecules and metal surfaces. Also, GGA DFs typically underestimate reaction barriers due to an underestimation of the selfinteraction energy. Screened hybrid GGA DFs have been shown to reduce this problem but are currently intractable for wide usage. In this work, we use a more affordable meta-GGA (mGGA) DF in combination with a nonlocal correlation DF for the first time to study and gain new insights into a catalytically important surface
reaction network, namely, CO2 hydrogenation on Cu. We show that the mGGA DF used, namely, rMS-RPBEl-rVV10, outperforms typical GGA DFs by providing similar or better predictions for metals and molecules, as well as molecule−metal surface adsorption
and activation energies. Hence, it is a better choice for constructing molecule−metal surface reaction networks.
Keywords: A1 Journal Article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
Impact Factor: 3.7
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.4c01110
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“Multi-level molecular modelling for plasma medicine”. Bogaerts A, Khosravian N, Van der Paal J, Verlackt CCW, Yusupov M, Kamaraj B, Neyts EC, Journal Of Physics D-Applied Physics 49, 054002 (2016)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Impact Factor: 2.588
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“Plasma catalysis in ammonia production and decomposition: Use it, or lose it?”.Gorbanev Y, Fedirchyk I, Bogaerts A, Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry 47, 100916 (2024). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsc.2024.100916
Abstract: The combination of plasma with catalysis for the synthesis and decomposition of NH3 is an attractive route to the production of carbon-neutral fertiliser and energy carriers and its conversion into H2. Recent years have seen fast developments in the field of plasma-catalytic NH3 life cycle. This work summarises the most recent advances in plasma-catalytic and related NH3-focussed processes, identifies some of the most important discoveries, and addresses plausible strategies for future developments in plasma-based NH3 technology.
Keywords: A1 Journal Article; Plasma Nitrogen fixation Ammonia Plasma catalysis Production and decomposition; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
Impact Factor: 9.3
DOI: 10.1016/j.cogsc.2024.100916
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“Effects of Nitro-Oxidative Stress on Biomolecules: Part 1—Non-Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations”. Ghasemitarei M, Ghorbi T, Yusupov M, Zhang Y, Zhao T, Shali P, Bogaerts A, Biomolecules 13, 1371 (2023). http://doi.org/10.3390/biom13091371
Abstract: Plasma medicine, or the biomedical application of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), is an expanding field within plasma research. CAP has demonstrated remarkable versatility in diverse biological applications, including cancer treatment, wound healing, microorganism inactivation, and skin disease therapy. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the effects of CAP remain incompletely understood. The therapeutic effects of CAP are largely attributed to the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), which play a crucial role in the biological responses induced by CAP. Specifically, RONS produced during CAP treatment have the ability to chemically modify cell membranes and membrane proteins, causing nitro-oxidative stress, thereby leading to changes in membrane permeability and disruption of cellular processes. To gain atomic-level insights into these interactions, non-reactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have emerged as a valuable tool. These simulations facilitate the examination of larger-scale system dynamics, including protein-protein and protein-membrane interactions. In this comprehensive review, we focus on the applications of non-reactive MD simulations in studying the effects of CAP on cellular components and interactions at the atomic level, providing a detailed overview of the potential of CAP in medicine. We also review the results of other MD studies that are not related to plasma medicine but explore the effects of nitro-oxidative stress on cellular components and are therefore important for a broader understanding of the underlying processes.
Keywords: A1 Journal Article; plasma medicine; reactive oxygen and; Plasma, laser ablation and surface modeling Antwerp (PLASMANT) ;
DOI: 10.3390/biom13091371
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“Cytoglobin inhibits non-thermal plasma-induced apoptosis in melanoma cells through regulation of the NRF2-mediated antioxidant response”. De Backer J, Lin A, Berghe WV, Bogaerts A, Hoogewijs D, Redox Biology 55, 102399 (2022). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2022.102399
Abstract: Melanoma arises from pigment-producing cells called melanocytes located in the basal layers of the epidermis of the skin. Cytoglobin (CYGB) is a ubiquitously expressed hexacoordinated globin that is highly enriched in melanocytes and frequently downregulated during melanomagenesis. Previously, we showed that non-thermal plasma (NTP)-produced reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) lead to the formation of an intra molecular disulfide bridge that would allow CYGB to function as a redox-sensitive protein. Here, we investigate the cytotoxic effect of indirect NTP treatment in two melanoma cell lines with divergent endogenous CYGB expression levels, and we explore the role of CYGB in determining treatment outcome. Our findings are consistent with previous studies supporting that NTP cytotoxicity is mediated through the production of RONS and leads to apoptotic cell death in melanoma cells. Furthermore, we show that NTP-treated solutions elicit an antioxidant response through the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (NRF2). The knock down and overexpression of CYGB respectively sensitizes and protects melanoma cells from RONS-induced apoptotic cell death. The presence of CYGB enhances heme-oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and NRF2 protein expression levels, whereas the absence impairs their expression. Moreover, analysis of the CYGB-dependent transcriptome demonstrates the tumor suppressor long non-coding RNA maternally expressed 3 (MEG3) as a hitherto unde scribed link between CYGB and NRF2. Thus, the presence of CYGB, at least in melanoma cells, seems to play a central role in determining the therapeutic outcome of RONS-inducing anticancer therapies, like NTP-treated solutions, possessing both tumor-suppressive and oncogenic features. Hence, CYGB expression could be of in terest either as a biomarker or as a candidate for future targeted therapies in melanoma.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Proteinscience, proteomics and epigenetic signaling (PPES)
Impact Factor: 11.4
DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102399
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“Spastin gene mutations in Bulgarian patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia”. Ivanova N, Löfgren A, Tournev I, Rousev R, Andreeva A, Jordanova A, Georgieva V, Deconinck T, Timmerman V, Kremensky I, De Jonghe P, Mitev V, Clinical genetics 70, 490 (2006). http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0004.2006.00705.x
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Neurogenetics Group; Peripheral Neuropathies Group
Impact Factor: 3.326
Times cited: 6
DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2006.00705.x
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“Al2O3-Supported Transition Metals for Plasma-Catalytic NH3 Synthesis in a DBD Plasma: Metal Activity and Insights into Mechanisms”. Gorbanev Y, Engelmann Y, van’t Veer K, Vlasov E, Ndayirinde C, Yi Y, Bals S, Bogaerts A, Catalysts 11, 1230 (2021). http://doi.org/10.3390/catal11101230
Abstract: N2 fixation into NH3 is one of the main processes in the chemical industry. Plasma catalysis is among the environmentally friendly alternatives to the industrial energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process. However, many questions remain open, such as the applicability of the conventional catalytic knowledge to plasma. In this work, we studied the performance of Al2O3-supported Fe, Ru, Co and Cu catalysts in plasma-catalytic NH3 synthesis in a DBD reactor. We investigated the effects of different active metals, and different ratios of the feed gas components, on the concentration and production rate of NH3, and the energy consumption of the plasma system. The results show that the trend of the metal activity (common for thermal catalysis) does not appear in the case of plasma catalysis: here, all metals exhibited similar performance. These findings are in good agreement with our recently published microkinetic model. This highlights the virtual independence of NH3 production on the metal catalyst material, thus validating the model and indicating the potential contribution of radical adsorption and Eley-Rideal reactions to the plasma-catalytic mechanism of NH3 synthesis.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Movement Antwerp (MOVANT)
Impact Factor: 3.082
Times cited: 19
DOI: 10.3390/catal11101230
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“The effect of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species on the structure of cytoglobin: A potential tumor suppressor”. De Backer J, Razzokov J, Hammerschmid D, Mensch C, Hafideddine Z, Kumar N, van Raemdonck G, Yusupov M, Van Doorslaer S, Johannessen C, Sobott F, Bogaerts A, Dewilde S, Redox Biology 19, 1 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2018.07.019
Abstract: Many current anti-cancer therapies rely on increasing the intracellular reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) contents with the aim to induce irreparable damage, which subsequently results in tumor cell death. A novel tool in cancer therapy is the use of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), which has been found to be very effective in the treatment of many different cancer cell types in vitro as well as in vivo, mainly through the vast generation of RONS. One of the key determinants of the cell's fate will be the interaction of RONS, generated by CAP, with important proteins, i.e. redox-regulatory proteins. One such protein is cytoglobin (CYGB), a recently discovered globin proposed to be involved in the protection of the cell against oxidative stress. In this study, the effect of plasma-produced RONS on CYGB was investigated through the treatment of CYGB with CAP for different treatment times. Spectroscopic analysis of CYGB showed that although chemical modifications occur, its secondary structure remains intact. Mass spectrometry experiments identified these modifications as oxidations of mainly sulfur-containing and aromatic amino acids. With longer treatment time, the treatment was also found to induce nitration of the heme. Furthermore, the two surface-exposed cysteine residues of CYGB were oxidized upon treatment, leading to the formation of intermolecular disulfide bridges, and potentially also intramolecular disulfide bridges. In addition, molecular dynamics and docking simulations confirmed, and further show, that the formation of an intramolecular disulfide bond, due to oxidative conditions, affects the CYGB 3D structure, thereby opening the access to the heme group, through gate functioning of His117. Altogether, the results obtained in this study (1) show that plasma-produced RONS can extensively oxidize proteins and (2) that the oxidation status of two redox-active cysteines lead to different conformations of CYGB.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Molecular Spectroscopy (MolSpec)
Impact Factor: 6.337
DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.07.019
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“Cold Atmospheric Plasma-Treated PBS Eliminates Immunosuppressive Pancreatic Stellate Cells and Induces Immunogenic Cell Death of Pancreatic Cancer Cells”. Van Loenhout J, Flieswasser T, Freire Boullosa L, De Waele J, Van Audenaerde J, Marcq E, Jacobs J, Lin A, Lion E, Dewitte H, Peeters M, Dewilde S, Lardon F, Bogaerts A, Deben C, Smits E, Cancers 11, 1597 (2019). http://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11101597
Abstract: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive cancers with a low response to treatment and a five-year survival rate below 5%. The ineffectiveness of treatment is partly because of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which comprises tumor-supportive pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs). Therefore, new therapeutic strategies are needed to tackle both the immunosuppressive PSC and pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs). Recently, physical cold atmospheric plasma consisting of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species has emerged as a novel treatment option for cancer. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxicity of plasma-treated phosphate-buffered saline (pPBS) using three PSC lines and four PCC lines and examined the immunogenicity of the induced cell death. We observed a decrease in the viability of PSC and PCC after pPBS treatment, with a higher efficacy in the latter. Two PCC lines expressed and released damage-associated molecular patterns characteristic of the induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD). In addition, pPBS-treated PCC were highly phagocytosed by dendritic cells (DCs), resulting in the maturation of DC. This indicates the high potential of pPBS to trigger ICD. In contrast, pPBS induced no ICD in PSC. In general, pPBS treatment of PCCs and PSCs created a more immunostimulatory secretion profile (higher TNF-α and IFN-γ, lower TGF-β) in coculture with DC. Altogether, these data show that plasma treatment via pPBS has the potential to induce ICD in PCCs and to reduce the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment created by PSCs. Therefore, these data provide a strong experimental basis for further in vivo validation, which might potentially open the way for more successful combination strategies with immunotherapy for PDAC.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Laboratory for Experimental Hematology (LEH); Center for Oncological Research (CORE)
Times cited: 6
DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101597
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“Oxidation of Innate Immune Checkpoint CD47 on Cancer Cells with Non-Thermal Plasma”. Lin A, Razzokov J, Verswyvel H, Privat-Maldonado A, De Backer J, Yusupov M, Cardenas De La Hoz E, Ponsaerts P, Smits E, Bogaerts A, Cancers 13, 579 (2021). http://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13030579
Abstract: Non-thermal plasma (NTP) therapy has been emerging as a promising cancer treatment strategy, and recently, its ability to locally induce immunogenic cancer cell death is being unraveled. We hypothesized that the chemical species produced by NTP reduce immunosuppressive surface proteins and checkpoints that are overexpressed on cancerous cells. Here, 3D in vitro tumor models, an in vivo mouse model, and molecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate the effect of NTP on CD47, a key innate immune checkpoint. CD47 is immediately modulated after NTP treatment and simulations reveal the potential oxidized salt-bridges responsible for conformational changes. Umbrella sampling simulations of CD47 with its receptor, signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα), demonstrate that the induced-conformational changes reduce its binding affinity. Taken together, this work provides new insight into fundamental, chemical NTP-cancer cell interaction mechanisms and a previously overlooked advantage of present NTP cancer therapy: reducing immunosuppressive signals on the surface of cancer cells.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Laboratory for Experimental Hematology (LEH); Center for Oncological Research (CORE)
DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030579
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“Dissolution study of potassium feldspars using hydrothermally treated sanidine as an example”. Adriaens A, Goossens D, Pijpers A, Van Tendeloo G, Gijbels R, Surface and interface analysis 27, 8 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9918(199901)27:1<8::AID-SIA456>3.0.CO;2-Z
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.132
Times cited: 4
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9918(199901)27:1<8::AID-SIA456>3.0.CO;2-Z
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“High-resolution electron microscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy of giant palladium clusters”. Oleshko V, Volkov V, Gijbels R, Jacob W, Vargaftik M, Moiseev I, Van Tendeloo G, Zeitschrift für Physik : D : atoms, molecules and clusters 34, 283 (1995). http://doi.org/10.1007/BF01437574
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Times cited: 22
DOI: 10.1007/BF01437574
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“The influence of Cr and Y on the micro structural evolution of Mg―Cr―O and Mg―Y―O thin films”. Jehanathan N, Georgieva V, Saraiva M, Depla D, Bogaerts A, Van Tendeloo G, Thin solid films : an international journal on the science and technology of thin and thick films 519, 5388 (2011). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2011.02.050
Abstract: The compositional influence of Cr and Y on the microstructure of Mg―Cr―O, and Mg―Y―O films synthesized by reactive magnetron sputtering has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and molecular dynamics simulations. A decrease in crystallinity is observed in these films as the M (Cr or Y) content is increased. It is found that M forms a solid solution with MgO for metal ratios up to ~ 70% and ~ 50% for Cr and Y respectively. Above ~ 70% Cr metal ratio the Mg―Cr―O films are found to be completely amorphous. The Mg―Y―O films are composed of Mg(Y)O and Y2O3 nano crystallites, up to ~ 50% Y metal ratio. Above this ratio, only Y2O3 nano crystallites are found. The preferential < 111> MgO grain alignment is strongly affected by the increase in M content. For M metal ratios up to ~ 50%, there is a selective promotion of the < 100> MgO grain alignments and a decline in the < 111> grain alignments.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.879
Times cited: 4
DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2011.02.050
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“Automated particle analysis of populations of silver halide microcrystals by electron probe microanalysis under cryogenic conditions”. Gregory CL, Nullens HA, Gijbels RH, van Espen PJ, Geuens I, de Keyzer R, Analytical chemistry 70, 2551 (1998). http://doi.org/10.1021/ac9710644
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
Impact Factor: 6.32
Times cited: 12
DOI: 10.1021/ac9710644
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“A new electrostatic transfer line for improved transmission in Fourier transform laser microprobe mass spectrometry with external ion source”. van Vaeck L, van Espen P, Gijbels R, Baykut G, Laukien FH, European mass spectrometry 6, 277 (2000). http://doi.org/10.1255/ejms.342
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
Times cited: 10
DOI: 10.1255/ejms.342
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“The primary energy dependence of backscattered electron images up to 100 keV”. Geuens I, Nys B, Naudts J, Gijbels R, Jacob W, van Espen P, Scanning microscopy 5, 339 (1991)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
Times cited: 3
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“Study of quasi-fractal many-particle-systems and percolation networks by zero-loss spectroscopic imaging, electron energy-loss spectroscopy and digital image analysis”. Oleshko V, Kindratenko V, Gijbels R, van Espen P, Jacob W, Mikrochimica acta: supplementum 13, 443 (1996)
Abstract: Submicron colloidal Ag particles and nano-sized filaments forming a statistical percolation network during ''in situ'' development of double structure tabular microcrystals of AgRr(I) emulsions have been studied by electron energy-loss spectroscopy and zero-loss electron spectroscopic imaging (EELS/ZLESI). Image analysis has shown that random quasi-fractal clusters were formed in the colloid. ZLESI has been applied to characterise the morphology and defect structure of aggregated particles and filaments. Their energy-loss spectra revealed plasmon excitations and interband 4d electron transitions between 4-32 eV energy-loss. To study the cluster structure and its relation to the physical properties, fractal analysis including estimations of cluster fractal dimensions and of density autocorrelation functions has been performed. Mechanisms of fractal aggregation based on known models of diffusion limited aggregation, cluster-cluster aggregation and percolation are discussed.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
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“Three-dimensional chemical characterization of complex silver halide microcrystals by scanning ion microprobe mass analysis”. Verlinden G, Janssens G, Gijbels R, van Espen P, Geuens I, Analytical chemistry 69, 3773 (1997). http://doi.org/10.1021/ac970010r
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
Impact Factor: 6.32
Times cited: 6
DOI: 10.1021/ac970010r
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“INTER-ACT : prevention of pregnancy complications through an e-health driven interpregnancy lifestyle intervention: study protocol of a multicentre randomised controlled trial”. Bogaerts A, Ameye L, Bijlholt M, Amuli K, Heynickx D, Devlieger R, BMC pregnancy and childbirth 17, 154 (2017). http://doi.org/10.1186/S12884-017-1336-2
Abstract: Background Excessive maternal pre-pregnancy and gestational weight gain are related to pregnancy- and birth outcomes. The interpregnancy time window offers a unique opportunity to intervene in order to acquire a healthy lifestyle before the start of a new pregnancy. Methods INTER-ACT is an e-health driven multicentre randomised controlled intervention trial targeting women at high risk of pregnancy- and birth related complications. Eligible women are recruited for the study at day 2 or 3 postpartum. At week 6 postpartum, participants are randomised into the intervention or control arm of the study. The intervention focuses on weight, diet, physical activity and mental well-being, and comprises face-to-face coaching, in which behavioural change techniques are central, and use of a mobile application, which is Bluetooth-connected to a weighing scale and activity tracker. The intervention is rolled out postpartum (4 coaching sessions between week 6 and month 6) and in a new pregnancy (3 coaching sessions, one in each trimester of pregnancy); the mobile app is used throughout the two intervention phases. Data collection includes data from the medical record of the participants (pregnancy outcomes and medical history), anthropometric data (height, weight, waist- and hip circumferences, skinfold thickness and body composition by bio-electrical impedance analysis), data from the mobile app (physical activity and weight; intervention group only) and questionnaires (socio-demographics, breastfeeding, food intake, physical activity, lifestyle, psychosocial factors and process evaluation). Medical record data are collected at inclusion and at delivery of the subsequent pregnancy. All other data are collected at week 6 and month 6 postpartum and every subsequent 6 months until a new pregnancy, and in every trimester in the new pregnancy. Primary outcome is the composite endpoint score of pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, caesarean section, and large-for-gestational-age infant in the subsequent pregnancy.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Centre for Research and Innovation in Care (CRIC)
Impact Factor: 2.263
Times cited: 4
DOI: 10.1186/S12884-017-1336-2
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“Influence of Cell Type and Culture Medium on Determining Cancer Selectivity of Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment”. Biscop, Lin, Boxem, Loenhout, Backer, Deben, Dewilde, Smits, Bogaerts, Cancers 11, 1287 (2019). http://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11091287
Abstract: Increasing the selectivity of cancer treatments is attractive, as it has the potential to reduce side-effects of therapy. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a novel cancer treatment that disrupts the intracellular oxidative balance. Several reports claim CAP treatment to be selective, but retrospective analysis of these studies revealed discrepancies in several biological factors and culturing methods. Before CAP can be conclusively stated as a selective cancer treatment, the importance of these factors must be investigated. In this study, we evaluated the influence of the cell type, cancer type, and cell culture medium on direct and indirect CAP treatment. Comparison of cancerous cells with their non-cancerous counterparts was performed under standardized conditions to determine selectivity of treatment. Analysis of seven human cell lines (cancerous: A549, U87, A375, and Malme-3M; non-cancerous: BEAS-2B, HA, and HEMa) and five different cell culture media (DMEM, RPMI1640, AM, BEGM, and DCBM) revealed that the tested parameters strongly influence indirect CAP treatment, while direct treatment was less affected. Taken together, the results of our study demonstrate that cell type, cancer type, and culturing medium must be taken into account before selectivity of CAP treatment can be claimed and overlooking these parameters can easily result in inaccurate conclusions of selectivity.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Center for Oncological Research (CORE)
Times cited: 9
DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091287
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“Modifying the Tumour Microenvironment: Challenges and Future Perspectives for Anticancer Plasma Treatments”. Privat-Maldonado A, Bengtson C, Razzokov J, Smits E, Bogaerts A, Cancers 11, 1920 (2019). http://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11121920
Abstract: Tumours are complex systems formed by cellular (malignant, immune, and endothelial cells, fibroblasts) and acellular components (extracellular matrix (ECM) constituents and secreted factors). A close interplay between these factors, collectively called the tumour microenvironment, is required to respond appropriately to external cues and to determine the treatment outcome. Cold plasma (here referred as ‘plasma’) is an emerging anticancer technology that generates a unique cocktail of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species to eliminate cancerous cells via multiple mechanisms of action. While plasma is currently regarded as a local therapy, it can also modulate the mechanisms of cell-to-cell and cell-to-ECM communication, which could facilitate the propagation of its effect in tissue and distant sites. However, it is still largely unknown how the physical interactions occurring between cells and/or the ECM in the tumour microenvironment affect the plasma therapy outcome. In this review, we discuss the effect of plasma on cell-to-cell and cell-to-ECM communication in the context of the tumour microenvironment and suggest new avenues of research to advance our knowledge in the field. Furthermore, we revise the relevant state-of-the-art in three-dimensional in vitro models that could be used to analyse cell-to-cell and cell-to-ECM communication and further strengthen our understanding of the effect of plasma in solid tumours.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Center for Oncological Research (CORE)
DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121920
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“Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment for Pancreatic Cancer–The Importance of Pancreatic Stellate Cells”. Verloy R, Privat-Maldonado A, Smits E, Bogaerts A, Cancers 12, 2782 (2020). http://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12102782
Abstract: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with low five-year survival rates of 8% by conventional treatment methods, e.g., chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. PDAC shows high resistance towards chemo- and radiotherapy and only 15–20% of all patients can have surgery. This disease is predicted to become the third global leading cause of cancer death due to its significant rise in incidence. Therefore, the development of an alternative or combinational method is necessary to improve current approaches. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatments could offer multiple advantages to this emerging situation. The plasma-derived reactive species can induce oxidative damage and a cascade of intracellular signaling pathways, which could lead to cell death. Previous reports have shown that CAP treatment also influences cells in the tumor microenvironment, such as the pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs). These PSCs, when activated, play a crucial role in the propagation, growth and survival of PDAC tumors. However, the effect of CAP on PSCs is not yet fully understood. This review focuses on the application of CAP for PDAC treatment and the importance of PSCs in the response to treatment.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Center for Oncological Research (CORE)
DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102782
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“Liquid treatment with a plasma jet surrounded by a gas shield: effect of the treated substrate and gas shield geometry on the plasma effluent conditions”. Heirman P, Verloy R, Baroen J, Privat-Maldonado A, Smits E, Bogaerts A, Journal of physics: D: applied physics 57, 115204 (2024). http://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ad146b
Abstract: The treatment of a well plate by an atmospheric pressure plasma jet is common for<italic>in vitro</italic>plasma medicine research. Here, reactive species are largely produced through the mixing of the jet effluent with the surrounding atmosphere. This mixing can be influenced not only by the ambient conditions, but also by the geometry of the treated well. To limit this influence and control the atmosphere, a shielding gas is sometimes applied. However, the interplay between the gas shield and the well geometry has not been investigated. In this work, we developed a 2D-axisymmetric computational fluid dynamics model of the kINPen plasma jet, to study the mixing of the jet effluent with the surrounding atmosphere, with and without gas shield. Our computational and experimental results show that the choice of well type can have a significant influence on the effluent conditions, as well as on the effectiveness of the gas shield. Furthermore, the geometry of the shielding gas device can substantially influence the mixing as well. Our results provide a deeper understanding of how the choice of setup geometry can influence the plasma treatment, even when all other operating parameters are unchanged.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Center for Oncological Research (CORE)
Impact Factor: 3.4
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6463/ad146b
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“Critical Evaluation of the Interaction of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species with Blood to Inform the Clinical Translation of Nonthermal Plasma Therapy”. Lin A, Biscop E, Breen C, Butler SJ, Smits E, Bogaerts A, Jakovljevic V, Oxidative Medicine And Cellular Longevity 2020, 1 (2020). http://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9750206
Abstract: Non-thermal plasma (NTP), an ionized gas generated at ambient pressure and temperature, has been an emerging technology for medical applications. Through controlled delivery of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), NTP can elicit hormetic cellular responses, thus stimulating broad therapeutic effects. To enable clinical translation of the promising preclinical research into NTP therapy, a deeper understanding of NTP interactions with clinical substrates is profoundly needed. Since NTP-generated ROS/RNS will inevitably interact with blood in several clinical contexts, understanding their stability in this system is crucial. In this study, two medically relevant NTP delivery modalities were used to assess the stability of NTP-generated ROS/RNS in three aqueous solutions with increasing organic complexities: phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), blood plasma (BP), and processed whole blood. NTP-generated RNS collectively (NO2−, ONOO−), H2O2, and ONOO− exclusively were analyzed over time. We demonstrated that NTP-generated RNS and H2O2 were stable in PBS but scavenged by different components of the blood. While RNS remained stable in BP after initial scavenging effects, it was completely reduced in processed whole blood. On the other hand, H2O2 was completely scavenged in both liquids over time. Our previously developed luminescent probe europium(III) was used for precision measurement of ONOO− concentration. NTP-generated ONOO− was detected in all three liquids for up to at least 30 seconds, thus highlighting its therapeutic potential. Based on our results, we discussed the necessary considerations to choose the most optimal NTP modality for delivery of ROS/RNS to and via blood in the clinical context.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Center for Oncological Research (CORE)
Impact Factor: 4.593
DOI: 10.1155/2020/9750206
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“Physical plasma-derived oxidants sensitize pancreatic cancer cells to ferroptotic cell death”. Kumar N, Perez-Novo C, Shaw P, Logie E, Privat-Maldonado A, Dewilde S, Smits E, Berghe WV, Bogaerts A, Free Radical Biology And Medicine 166, 187 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.026
Abstract: Despite modern therapeutic advances, the survival prospects of pancreatic cancer patients remain poor, due to chemoresistance and dysregulated oncogenic kinase signaling networks. We applied a novel kinome activitymapping approach using biological peptide targets as phospho-sensors to identify vulnerable kinase dependencies for therapy sensitization by physical plasma. Ser/Thr-kinome specific activity changes were mapped upon induction of ferroptotic cell death in pancreatic tumor cells exposed to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species of plasma-treated water (PTW). This revealed a broad kinome activity response involving the CAMK, the AGC and CMGC family of kinases. This systems-level kinome network response supports stress adaptive switches between chemoresistant anti-oxidant responses of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1)/Heme Oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) and ferroptotic cell death sensitization upon suppression of Nuclear factor (erythroid derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) and Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). This is further supported by ex vivo experiments in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay, showing decreased GPX4 and Glutathione (GSH) expression as well as increased lipid peroxidation, along with suppressed BxPC-3 tumor growth in response to PTW. Taken all together, we demonstrate that plasma treated water-derived oxidants sensitize pancreatic cancer cells to ferroptotic cell death by targeting a NRF2-HMOX1-GPX4 specific kinase signaling network.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Center for Oncological Research (CORE)
Impact Factor: 5.606
DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.026
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“Cold Atmospheric Plasma Increases Temozolomide Sensitivity of Three-Dimensional Glioblastoma Spheroids via Oxidative Stress-Mediated DNA Damage”. Shaw P, Kumar N, Privat-Maldonado A, Smits E, Bogaerts A, Cancers 13, 1780 (2021). http://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13081780
Abstract: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent and aggressive primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Current standard radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy with the alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ) yield poor clinical outcome. This is due to the stem-like properties of tumor cells and genetic abnormalities in GBM, which contribute to resistance to TMZ and progression. In this study, we used cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) to enhance the sensitivity to TMZ through inhibition of antioxidant signaling (linked to TMZ resistance). We demonstrate that CAP indeed enhances the cytotoxicity of TMZ by targeting the antioxidant specific glutathione (GSH)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) signaling. We optimized the threshold concentration of TMZ on five different GBM cell lines (U251, LN18, LN229, U87-MG and T98G). We combined TMZ with CAP and tested it on both TMZ-sensitive (U251, LN18 and LN229) and TMZ-resistant (U87-MG and T98G) cell lines using two-dimensional cell cultures. Subsequently, we used a three-dimensional spheroid model for the U251 (TMZ-sensitive) and U87-MG and T98G (TMZ-resistant) cells. The sensitivity of TMZ was enhanced, i.e., higher cytotoxicity and spheroid shrinkage was obtained when TMZ and CAP were administered together. We attribute the anticancer properties to the release of intracellular reactive oxygen species, through inhibiting the GSH/GPX4 antioxidant machinery, which can lead to DNA damage. Overall, our findings suggest that the combination of CAP with TMZ is a promising combination therapy to enhance the efficacy of TMZ towards the treatment of GBM spheroids.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT); Center for Oncological Research (CORE)
DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081780
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