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“Enhancement effect in X-ray fluorescence analysis of environmental samples of medium thickness”. Van Dyck PM, Török SB, Van Grieken RE, Analytical chemistry 58, 1761 (1986). http://doi.org/10.1021/AC00121A036
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1021/AC00121A036
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“An experimental and numerical study of the suppression of jets, counterflow, and backflow in vortex units”. Kulkarni S, Gonzalez-Quiroga A, Nuñez M, Schuerewegen C, Perreault P, Goel C, Heynderickx GJ, Van Geem KM, Marin GB, AIChE journal 65, e16614 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1002/AIC.16614
Abstract: Vortex units are commonly considered for various single and multiphase applications due to their process intensification capabilities. The transition from gas‐only flow to gas–solid flow remains largely unexplored nonetheless. During this transition, primary flow phenomenon, jets, and secondary flow phenomena, counterflow and backflow, are substantially reduced, before a rotating solids bed is established. This transitional flow regime is referred to as the vortex suppression regime. In the present work, this flow transition is identified and validated through experimental and computational studies in two vortex units with a scale differing by a factor of 2, using spherical aluminum and alumina particles. This experimental data supports the proposed theoretical particle monolayer solids loading that allows estimation of vortex suppression regime solids capacity for any vortex unit. It is shown that the vortex suppression regime is established at a solids loading theoretically corresponding to a monolayer being formed in the unit for 1g‐Geldart D‐ and 1g‐Geldart B‐type particles. The model closely agrees with experimental vortex suppression range for both aluminum and alumina particles. The model, as well as the experimental data, shows that the flow suppression regime depends on unit dimensions, particle diameter, and particle density but is independent of gas flow rate. This combined study, based on experimental and computational data and on a theoretical model, reveals the vortex suppression to be one of the basic operational parameters to study flow in a vortex unit and that a simple monolayer model allows to estimate the needed solids loading for any vortex device to induce this flow transition.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1002/AIC.16614
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“Geophysical applicability of aerosol size distribution measurements using cascade impactors and proton-induced X-ray-emission”. Van Grieken RE, Johansson TB, Akselsson KR, Winchester JW, Nelson JW, Chapman KR, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 10, 571 (1976). http://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(76)90040-8
Abstract: Proton Induced X-ray Emission, (PIXE), is capable of high precision analysis for trace element components of aerosol particle size fractions sampled by cascade impactor. A statistical evaluation of data quality has been carried out in order to distinguish between analytical uncertainties in the PIXE procedure, errors caused by cascade impactor performance and by other factors in the sampling procedure, and geophysical causes of differences in composition and particle size distributions of the elements in aerosols. Replicate analyses and simultaneous samplings taken in north Florida and St. Louis have been used for the data evaluation. In addition to the analytical error the sampling procedure contributes an error of ~ 10% to be added quadratically. The resulting precision is sufficient to evaluate the data in geophysical terms. This is illustrated by means of sample sets taken simultaneously in an urban, forest and coastal environment of the same region.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0004-6981(76)90040-8
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“LPMLE3: A novel 1-D approach to study water flow in streambeds using heat as a tracer”. Schneidewind U, van Berkel M, Anibas C, Vandersteen G, Schmidt C, Joris I, Seuntjens P, Batelaan O, Zwart HJ, Water resources research 52, 6596 (2016). http://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017453
Abstract: We introduce LPMLE3, a new 1-D approach to quantify vertical water flow components at streambeds using temperature data collected in different depths. LPMLE3 solves the partial differential equation for coupled water flow and heat transport in the frequency domain. Unlike other 1-D approaches it does not assume a semi-infinite halfspace with the location of the lower boundary condition approaching infinity. Instead, it uses local upper and lower boundary conditions. As such, the streambed can be divided into finite subdomains bound at the top and bottom by a temperature-time series. Information from a third temperature sensor within each subdomain is then used for parameter estimation. LPMLE3 applies a low order local polynomial to separate periodic and transient parts (including the noise contributions) of a temperature-time series and calculates the frequency response of each subdomain to a known temperature input at the streambed top. A maximum-likelihood estimator is used to estimate the vertical component of water flow, thermal diffusivity, and their uncertainties for each streambed subdomain and provides information regarding model quality. We tested the method on synthetic temperature data generated with the numerical model STRIVE and demonstrate how the vertical flow component can be quantified for field data collected in a Belgian stream. We show that by using the results in additional analyses, nonvertical flow components could be identified and by making certain assumptions they could be quantified for each subdomain. LPMLE3 performed well on both simulated and field data and can be considered a valuable addition to the existing 1-D methods.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1002/2015WR017453
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“Magnetic field oriented tetragonal zirconia with anisotropic toughness”. Zhang L, Vleugels J, Darchuk L, van der Biest O, Journal of the European Ceramic Society 31, 1405 (2011). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.JEURCERAMSOC.2011.02.002
Abstract: (0 0 1)-oriented 3 mol% yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia (3Y-TZP) has been developed by reactive synthesis of undoped pure monoclinic zirconia and co-precipitated 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (8Y-ZrO2). The dispersed pure monoclinic ZrO2 powder, having magnetic anisotropy, was first aligned in a strong magnetic field and co-sintered in a randomly distributed cubic 8Y-ZrO2 fine matrix powder. The reactive sintering resulted in a 3Y-TZP ceramic with a (0 0 1) orientation. The (0 0 1)-oriented 3Y-TZP showed a substantial toughness anisotropy, i.e. the toughness along the [0 0 1] direction is 54% higher than that of its perpendicular direction. Moreover, the toughness along the [0 0 1] direction is 49% higher than that of a non-textured isotropic reactively synthesized 3Y-TZP and 110% higher than that of an isotropic co-precipitated powder based 3Y-TZP. The substantially enhanced toughness was interpreted in terms of the tetragonal to monoclinic martensitic phase transformability.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.JEURCERAMSOC.2011.02.002
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“Response to mixed substrate feeds of the structure and activity of a linuron-degrading triple-species biofilm”. Bruegelmans P, Horemans B, Hofkens J, Springael D, Research in microbiology 161, 660 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.RESMIC.2010.06.006
Abstract: We sought to determine whether the pesticide-degrading performance of a multi-species bacterial biofilm is affected by co-occurrence of multiple nutrient sources Thus, the 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-l-methoxy-l-methyl urea (linuron)-degrading activity of a triple-species linuron-degrading consortium, cultivated in continuous flow biofilm systems, was monitored when exposed to mixed substrate feeds which contained, in addition to linuron, readily assimilated carbon (i e citrate and trypticase soy broth) and/or nitrogen (i e ammonium) sources The addition of alternative carbon sources at different concentrations resulted in diminished linuron degradation efficiency In addition, the efficiency of removal of the linuron metabolite 3,4-dichloroaniline was affected These effects might be attributed to catabolic repression of the linuron metabolic pathway in the presence of alternative carbon substrates Moreover, each nutrient condition resulted in a particular biofilm composition and a particular spatial and structural organization, which might also be related to the performance of the biofilm community Results show that the activity of pesticide-degrading biofilms strongly depends on prevailing nutrient conditions and that the ideal biofilm configuration and activity, as observed under selective conditions, does not exist in real-life environmental conditions where mixtures of substrates are often present (C) 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.RESMIC.2010.06.006
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“A robust evolutionary algorithm for the recovery of rational Gielis curves”. Fougerolle YD, Truchetet F, Demonceaux C, Gielis J, Pattern recognition 46, 2078 (2013). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.PATCOG.2013.01.024
Abstract: Gielis curves (GC) can represent a wide range of shapes and patterns ranging from star shapes to symmetric and asymmetric polygons, and even self intersecting curves. Such patterns appear in natural objects or phenomena, such as flowers, crystals, pollen structures, animals, or even wave propagation. Gielis curves and surfaces are an extension of Lamé curves and surfaces (superquadrics) which have benefited in the last two decades of extensive researches to retrieve their parameters from various data types, such as range images, 2D and 3D point clouds, etc. Unfortunately, the most efficient techniques for superquadrics recovery, based on deterministic methods, cannot directly be adapted to Gielis curves. Indeed, the different nature of their parameters forbids the use of a unified gradient descent approach, which requires initial pre-processings, such as the symmetry detection, and a reliable pose and scale estimation. Furthermore, even the most recent algorithms in the literature remain extremely sensitive to initialization and often fall into local minima in the presence of large missing data. We present a simple evolutionary algorithm which overcomes most of these issues and unifies all of the required operations into a single though efficient approach. The key ideas in this paper are the replacement of the potential fields used for the cost function (closed form) by the shortest Euclidean distance (SED, iterative approach), the construction of cost functions which minimize the shortest distance as well as the curve length using R-functions, and slight modifications of the evolutionary operators. We show that the proposed cost function based on SED and R-function offers the best compromise in terms of accuracy, robustness to noise, and missing data.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1016/J.PATCOG.2013.01.024
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“Standardized indoor air quality assessments as a tool to prepare heritage guardians for changing preservation conditions due to climate change”. Anaf W, Leyva Pernia D, Schalm O, Geosciences 8, Unsp 276 (2018). http://doi.org/10.3390/GEOSCIENCES8080276
Abstract: Climate change will affect the preservation conditions of our cultural heritage. Therefore, well-considered mitigation actions should be implemented to safeguard our heritage for future generations. Environmental monitoring is essential to follow up the change in preservation conditions and to evaluate the effectiveness of performed mitigation actions. To support heritage guardians in the processing and evaluation of monitored data, an indoor air quality (IAQ) index for heritage applications is introduced. The index is calculated for each measured point in time and is visualized in a user-friendly and intuitive way. The current paper describes the backbone of the IAQ-calculating algorithm. The algorithm is subsequently applied on a case study in which a mitigation action is implemented in a church.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Antwerp Systems and software Modelling (AnSyMo); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
DOI: 10.3390/GEOSCIENCES8080276
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“Towards integrated sustainability assessment for energetic use of biomass : a state of the art evaluation of assessment tools”. Buytaert V, Muys B, Devriendt N, Pelkmans L, Kretzschmar JG, Samson R, Renewable and sustainable energy reviews 15, 3918 (2011). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.RSER.2011.07.036
Abstract: Biomass is expected to play an increasingly significant role in the greening of energy supply. Nevertheless, concerns are rising about the sustainability of large-scale energy crop production. Impacts must be assessed carefully before deciding whether and how this industry should be developed, and what technologies, policies and investment strategies should be pursued. There is need for a comprehensive and reliable sustainability assessment tool to evaluate the environmental, social and economic performance of biomass energy production. This paper paves the way for such a tool by analysing and comparing the performance and applicability of a selection of existing tools that are potentially useful for sustainability assessment of bioenergy systems. The selected tools are: Criteria And Indicators (C&I), Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA), Exergy Analysis (EA) and System Perturbation Analysis (SPA). To evaluate the tools, a framework was constructed that consists of four evaluation levels: sustainability issues, tool attributes, model structure, area of application. The tools were then evaluated using literature data and with the help of a Delphi panel of experts. Finally, a statistical analysis was performed on the resulting data matrix to detect significant differences between tools. It becomes clear that none of the selected tools is able to perform a comprehensive sustainability assessment of bioenergy systems. Every tool has its particular advantages and disadvantages, which means that trade-offs are inevitable and a balance must be found between scientific accuracy and pragmatic decision making. A good definition of the assessment objective is therefore crucial. It seems an interesting option to create a toolbox that combines procedural parts of C&I and EIA, supplemented with calculation algorithms of LCA and CBA for respectively environmental and economic sustainability indicators. Nevertheless, this would require a more comprehensive interdisciplinary approach to align the different tool characteristics and focuses.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1016/J.RSER.2011.07.036
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“Ultrastructural localization of aluminium in liver of aluminium maltol-treated rabbits by laser microprobe mass analysis”. Vandeputte D, Van Grieken RE, Jacob WA, Savory J, Bertholf RL, Wills MR, Biomedical and environmental mass spectrometry 18, 598 (1989). http://doi.org/10.1002/BMS.1200180815
Abstract: By means of laser microprobe mass analysis (LAMMA), we have studied the ultrastructural localization of aluminium in livers of aluminium maltol-treated rabbits. This animal model was developed to study long-term aluminium toxicity using systemic (intravenous) administration of aluminium. We could only detect aluminium in electron-dense inclusion bodies found in large, sometimes multinucleated cells. These results prove that the actual observation of aluminium deposits in liver with LAMMA gives more information than bulk analysis and can be very useful to explore mechanisms of toxicity.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1002/BMS.1200180815
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“Real-time electrochemical screening of cocaine in lab and field settings with automatic result generation”. de Jong M, Van Echelpoel R, Langley AR, Eliaerts J, van den Berg J, De Wilde M, Somers N, Samyn N, De Wael K, Drug testing and analysis 14, 1471 (2022). http://doi.org/10.1002/DTA.3276
Abstract: This work presents the results of a novel application for the fast on-site screening of cocaine and its main cutting agents in suspicious and confiscated samples. The methodology behind the novel application consists of portable electrochemical detection coupled with a peak-recognition algorithm for automated result output generation, validated both in laboratory and field settings. Currently used field tests, predominantly colorimetric tests, are lacking accuracy, often giving false positive or negative results. This presses the need for alternative approaches to field testing. By combining portable electrochemical approaches with peak-recognition algorithms, an accuracy of 98.4% concerning the detection of cocaine was achieved on a set of 374 powder samples. In addition, the approach was tested on multiple 'smuggled', colored cocaine powders and cocaine mixtures in solid and liquid states, typically in matrices such as charcoal, syrup and clothing. Despite these attempts to hide cocaine, our approach succeeded in detecting cocaine during on-site screening scenarios. This feature presents an advantage over colorimetric and optical detection techniques, which can fail with colored sample matrices. This enhanced accuracy on smuggled samples will lead to increased efficiency in confiscation procedures in the field, thus significantly reducing societal economic and safety concerns and highlighting the potential for electrochemical approaches in on-the-spot identification of drugs of abuse.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; Engineering sciences. Technology; Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)
DOI: 10.1002/DTA.3276
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“The rediscovered portrait of Prospero Farinacci by Caravaggio”. Cardinali M, De Ruggieri MB, Leone G, Prohaska W, Alfeld M, Janssens K, Artibus et historiae : an art anthology , 249 (2016)
Abstract: Caravaggio's early production as a portrait painter is still the subject of research and a fount of enigmas. Despite the numerous citations in documents, only rarely have these been linked unequivocally to paintings known to date. This is also the case with the `portrait of Farinaccio criminalist painted on a head-size canvas believed to be by Michelangelo from Caravaggio', that was listed in the 1638 inventory of the Marquis Giustiniani and with `the speaker wearing a robe, painted by Caravaggio' on a head-size canvas, owned in 1652 by Caterina Campani, Onorio Longhi's wife. The present multidisciplinary research examines the rediscovery of the portrait of Prospero Farinacci by Caravaggio. The painting, undisclosed until now, hides an underlying female portrait. The authors investigate both compositions from a technical, iconographical and critical point of view, supporting Caravaggio's attribution. The technical researches allow cross-validation in the brushwork and materials of the picture, compared to Caravaggio's early painting technique and style. The portrait of Maffeo Barberini, recently re-ascribed to Caravaggio, shows a significant similarity, while the underlying woman of the retrieved painting closely resembles the gipsy of the Louvre Fortune Teller. In addition, a newly introduced and advanced imaging technique (MaXRF) has detected on the male portrait the feature of the lawyer's robe, which supports the identification with Prospero Farinacci. The intriguing topic of physiognomic accuracy versus stylizing tendency in Caravaggio's portraiture is considered with the aid of Giulio Mancini's observations. Besides, the possible interpretation of the underlying figure as a religious subject sheds a light on the obscure activity of the young Caravaggio in Lorenzo Carli's workshop, recently brought to scholars' attention by new documents and hypotheses.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Characterization of indoor and outdoor atmospheric pollutants impacting architectural monuments : the case of San Jerónimo Monastery (Granada, Spain)”. Kontozova-Deutsch V, Cardell carolina, Urosevic M, Ruiz-Agudo E, Deutsch F, Van Grieken R, Environmental earth sciences 63, 1433 (2011). http://doi.org/10.1007/S12665-010-0657-5
Abstract: Indoor and outdoor concentrations of atmospheric gaseous pollutants as well as composition, size, and morphology of particulate matter have been investigated at the monastery of San Jerónimo in Granada (Southern Spain). Complementary micro- and nano-analytical techniques were applied; elemental and mineralogical composition and morphological characteristics of particulate matter were investigated combining electron probe microanalysis at the single particle level, and bulk aerosol samples were analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Microclimatic conditions at the monastery were monitored, and gas concentrations were assessed by means of diffusion tubes subsequently analyzed with ion chromatography. Results revealed high abundances of soil dust particles (aluminosilicates, calcite, dolomite, quartz), salt aerosols (chlorides, sulfates and ammonium-rich salts), and NO2 and SO2 both outdoors and indoors. Amorphous black carbon particles had surprisingly high abundances for Granada, a non-industrialized city. The composition of indoor particles corresponds to severe weathering affecting the construction materials and artworks inside the church; moreover their composition promotes a feedback process that intensifies the deterioration. Chemical reactions between chloride-rich salts and pigments from paintings were confirmed by TEM analyses. Indoors, blackening of surface decorative materials is fostered by particle re-suspension due to cleaning habits in the monastery (i.e. dusting). This is the first air quality study performed in a monument in the city of Granada with the aim of developing a strategy for preventive conservation.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1007/S12665-010-0657-5
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“Stabilization of mercury-based superconductors by foreign cations”. Raveau B, Michel C, Hervieu M, Van Tendeloo G, Maignan A, Annales de chimie (1914)
T2 –, 4th North-African Materials Science Symposium (JMSM 94), NOV 23-24, 1994, CASABLANCA, MOROCCO 19, 487 (1994)
Abstract: The recently discovered superconducting mercury-based cuprates HgBa2Can-1CunO2n+2+delta have proved difficult to synthesize as single phases and are sensitive to environment (CO2, moisture). The present paper gives an overview of new series mercury based superconductors, whose stabilisation is based on the fact that a foreign cation with a higher valency than Hg(II) must be introduced in the mercury layers, in order to fill up partially the oxygen vacancies of these layers. By this method, several new series of superconductors involving strontium instead of barium with critical temperatures ranging from 27 K to 95 K have been isolated : Hg0.5Bi0.5Sr2-xLaxCuO4+delta, Hg(0.5)Bi(0.5)Sr(2)Ca(1-x)R(x)Cu(2)O(6+delta) (R Y, Nd, Pr), Pb0.7Hg0.3Sr2-xLaxCuO4+delta, Pb(0.7)Hg(0.3)Sr(2)Ca(1-x)R(x)Cu(2)O(6+delta) (R = Y, Nd) Hg(1-x)Pr(x)Sr(2)A(1-x')Pr(x') Cu2O6+delta (A = Sr, Ca), Pb0.7Hg0.3Sr2Cu2CO3O7 and Hg1-xCrxSr2CuO4+delta. The behaviour of the praseodymium cuprates that exhibit a rather sharp transition and reach a Tc of 85 K is especially discussed. A method to synthesize new ''Ba-Hg'' superconducting cuprates with the 1212 structure at normal pressure with a Tc up to 110 K is also presented.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Times cited: 2
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“Laser ionization mass-spectrometry for the characterization of solid materials”. van Vaeck L, Vanroy W, Gijbels R, Analusis : chimie analytique, méthodes physiques d'analyse, composition de la matière 20, S29 (1992)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
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“Slippage dynamics of confined water in graphene oxide capillaries”. Kalashami HG, Neek-Amal M, Peeters FM, Physical review materials 2, 074004 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVMATERIALS.2.074004
Abstract: The permeation of water between neighboring graphene oxide (GO) flakes, i.e., 2D nanochannels, are investigated using a simple model for the GO membrane. We simulate the hydrophilic behavior of nanocapillaries and study the effect of surface charge on the dynamical properties of water flow and the influence of Na+ and Cl- ions on water permeation. Our approach is based on extensive equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations to obtain a better understanding of water permeation through charged nanochannels in the presence of ions. We found significant change in the slippage dynamics of confined water such as a profound increase in viscosity/slip length with increasing charges over the surface. The slip length decreases one order of magnitude (i.e., 1/30) with increasing density of surface charge, while it increases by a factor of 2 with ion concentration. We found that commensurability induced by nanoconfinement plays an important role on the intrinsic dynamical properties of water.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
Times cited: 1
DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVMATERIALS.2.074004
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“Evaluation of polyvinyl alcohol–borax/agarose (PVA–B/AG) blend hydrogels for removal of deteriorated consolidants from ancient Egyptian wall paintings”. Al-Emam E, Motawea AG, Janssens K, Caen J, Heritage science 7, 22 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1186/S40494-019-0264-Z
Abstract: This study concerns the assessment of a new polyvinyl alcohol–borax/agarose blend hydrogel (PVA–B/AG) tailored for the conservation of ancient Egyptian wall paintings. The increasing problems of deteriorated consolidants affecting ancient wall paintings have attracted the interest of conservation scientists in the last 20 years. The ability of a new blend for removing aged Paraloid® B-72 layers from painted stone and plaster samples has been evaluated. The hydrogel blend was used to expose the aged Paraloid in a controlled manner to six different cleaning system (CS). CS1–CS4 consist of solvents or solvent mixtures; CS5 and CS6 are nanostructured fluids (NSFs). The evaluation of the removal process was carried out by quantitative and qualitative methods, namely, visual examination, 3D microscopy, contact angle and colorimetric measurements and by Fourier transform infra-red spectrometry in reflectance mode. The results showed that the PVA–B/AG blend hydrogel, loaded with specific cleaning systems, was able to remove deteriorated B-72 and allowed to restore the painted surface to a state close to the original one. The PVA–B/AG blend showed good workability, permitting it to be easily cut, shaped, applied and removed. It could also be verified by means of different investigation methods that the blend left no detectable residues. As a final realistic check of the method, the PVA–B/AG hydrogel loaded with the best functioning cleaning system (CS3) was used to remove an aged consolidant layer from an ancient Egyptian wall painting.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
Times cited: 2
DOI: 10.1186/S40494-019-0264-Z
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“Stabilization of the perovskite phase in the Y-Bi-O system by using a BaBiO₃, buffer layer”. Bouwmeester RL, de Hond K, Gauquelin N, Verbeeck J, Koster G, Brinkman A, Physica status solidi: rapid research letters 13, 1800679 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1002/PSSR.201800679
Abstract: A topological insulating phase has theoretically been predicted for the thermodynamically unstable perovskite phase of YBiO3. Here, it is shown that the crystal structure of the Y-Bi-O system can be controlled by using a BaBiO3 buffer layer. The BaBiO3 film overcomes the large lattice mismatch of 12% with the SrTiO3 substrate by forming a rocksalt structure in between the two perovskite structures. Depositing an YBiO3 film directly on a SrTiO3 substrate gives a fluorite structure. However, when the Y-Bi-O system is deposited on top of the buffer layer with the correct crystal phase and comparable lattice constant, a single oriented perovskite structure with the expected lattice constants is observed.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Times cited: 11
DOI: 10.1002/PSSR.201800679
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“Determinants of commercial bank loan and advance disbursement : the case of private Ethiopian commercial banks”. Birhanu T, Deressa SB, Azadi H, Viira A-H, Van Passel S, Witlox F, International journal of bank marketing 39, 1227 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-05-2021-0166
Abstract: Purpose This paper aimed to investigate the determinants of loans and advances from commercial banks in the case of Ethiopian private commercial banks. Design/methodology/approach The study randomly selected seven commercial banks to represent the population stratified on their asset, deposit and paid-up capital amounts. The study utilized an unbalanced panel data model as each bank started operation at a different period of time and considered the period 1995-2016 for secondary details. Findings The findings showed that the deposit size, credit risk, portfolio investment, average lending rate, real gross domestic product (GDP) and inflation rate had significant and optimistic effects on the lending and advancement of private commercial banks. On the contrary, liquidity ratio had significant and negative effects on private commercial bank loans and advances. Finally, the study forwarded a feasible recommendation for concerned organs to focus on deposit size, credit risk, portfolio investment, average lending rate, real GDP, inflation rate and liquidity ratio. The results of this study will help banking industry policymakers and planners understand how to minimize inflation and unemployment by improving development and sustainable economic growth. Originality/value The findings of this study can also affect the general attitudes of a society by increasing knowledge and improve the quality of life for the general public.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering Management (ENM)
DOI: 10.1108/IJBM-05-2021-0166
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“Farmers' willingness to contribute to the restoration of an Ethiopian Rift Valley lake : a contingent valuation study”. Girma H, Huge J, Gebrehiwot M, Van Passel S, Environment, development and sustainability 23, 10646 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1007/S10668-020-01076-3
Abstract: Lakes provide considerable social, economic, and ecological benefits. However, lakes are shrinking and the water quality is declining, due to human pressures such as water withdrawal and land use change, particularly in the developing world. Despite this, information regarding the economic impact of lake level reduction and local willingness to support restoration programs is lacking. This study employed a contingent valuation method to estimate willingness to pay and to contribute labor to Lake Ziway restoration program, Ethiopia. Face-to-face interviews were administered to 259 randomly selected respondents. Our findings revealed that about one-third of the respondents are willing to pay and about two-third are willing to contribute labor to restore the lake. From the interval regression models, the annual mean willingness to pay was estimated about 21.0 USD for the status quo scenario (the program works to keep water levels constant at current levels) and 31.1 USD for the improvement scenario (the program works to increase the water levels permanently). The annual mean willingness to contribute labor was estimated about 27.7 man-days for the status quo and 39.3 man-days for the improvement scenarios. 'Farm income' positively influenced the willingness to pay together with 'farm plot area.' Similarly, labor contribution was positively influenced by 'farm plot area' and 'education' and negatively by 'farm plot distance.' The economic values derived from this study reflect societal preferences and can form a significant input for policymakers, in support of informed and evidence-based decision-making regarding lake management and restoration in developing countries like Ethiopia.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM)
DOI: 10.1007/S10668-020-01076-3
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“Absorption correction in electron probe x-ray microanalysis of thin samples”. Markowicz AA, Storms HM, Van Grieken RE, Analytical chemistry 58, 1282 (1986). http://doi.org/10.1021/AC00298A003
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1021/AC00298A003
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“Airborne particulate matter and BTEX in office environments”. Horemans B, Worobiec A, Buczyńska A, van Meel K, Van Grieken R, Journal of environmental monitoring 10, 867 (2008). http://doi.org/10.1039/B804475A
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1039/B804475A
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“Application of high-energy polarised beam energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry to cadmium determination in saline solutions”. van Meel K, Fontàs C, Van Grieken R, Queralt I, Hidalgo M, Marguí, E, Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry 23, 1034 (2008). http://doi.org/10.1039/B718382H
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1039/B718382H
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“Atmospheric turbulence triggers pronounced diel pattern in karst carbonate geochemistry”. Roland M, Serrano-Ortiz P, Kowalski AS, Van Grieken R, Janssens IA, et al, Biogeosciences 10, 5009 (2013). http://doi.org/10.5194/BG-10-5009-2013
Abstract: CO2 exchange between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere is key to understanding the feedbacks between climate change and the land surface. In regions with carbonaceous parent material, CO2 exchange patterns occur that cannot be explained by biological processes, such as disproportionate outgassing during the daytime or night-time CO2 uptake during periods when all vegetation is senescent. Neither of these phenomena can be attributed to carbonate weathering reactions, since their CO2 exchange rates are too small. Soil ventilation induced by high atmospheric turbulence is found to explain atypical CO2 exchange between carbonaceous systems and the atmosphere. However, by strongly altering subsurface CO2 concentrations, ventilation can be expected to influence carbonate weathering rates. By imposing ventilation-driven CO2 outgassing in a carbonate weathering model, we show here that carbonate geochemistry is accelerated and does play a surprisingly large role in the observed CO2 exchange pattern of a semi-arid ecosystem. We found that by rapidly depleting soil CO2 during the daytime, ventilation disturbs soil carbonate equilibria and therefore strongly magnifies daytime carbonate precipitation and associated CO2 production. At night, ventilation ceases and the depleted CO2 concentrations increase steadily. Dissolution of carbonate is now enhanced, which consumes CO2 and largely compensates for the enhanced daytime carbonate precipitation. This is why only a relatively small effect on global carbonate weathering rates is to be expected. On the short term, however, ventilation has a drastic effect on synoptic carbonate weathering rates, resulting in a pronounced diel pattern that exacerbates the non-biological behavior of soil-atmosphere CO2 exchanges in dry regions with carbonate soils.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plant and Ecosystems (PLECO) – Ecology in a time of change; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.5194/BG-10-5009-2013
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“Bio-based aromatic amines from lignin-derived monomers”. Blondiaux E, Bomon J, Smolen M, Kaval N, Lemière F, Sergeyev S, Diels L, Sels B, Maes BUW, ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering 7, 6906 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1021/ACSSUSCHEMENG.8B06467
Abstract: A new approach to synthesize valuable 3,4-dialkoxyanilines and alkyl propionates from lignin-derived 4-propylguaiacol and -catechol with overall isolated yields up to 65% has been described. The strategy is based on the introduction of nitrogen via a Beckmann rearrangement. Amino introduction therefore coincides with a C-defunctionalization reaction; overall a replacement of the propyl chain by an amino group is obtained. The process only requires cheap bulk chemicals as reagents/reactants and does not involve column chromatography to purify the reaction products. Furthermore, all carbon atoms from the biorenewable lignin-derived monomers are transformed into valuable compounds. Greenness was assessed by performing a Green Metrics analysis on two dialkoxyanilines. A comparison was made with literature routes for these compounds starting from a petrochemical substrate.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Organic synthesis (ORSY); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1021/ACSSUSCHEMENG.8B06467
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“Effective sample weight from scatter peaks in energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence”. van Espen P, Van 't dack L, Adams F, Van Grieken R, Analytical chemistry 51, 961 (1979). http://doi.org/10.1021/AC50043A042
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
DOI: 10.1021/AC50043A042
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“Electronic structures of iMAX phases and their two-dimensional derivatives: A family of piezoelectric materials”. Khazaei M, Wang V, Sevik C, Ranjbar A, Arai M, Yunoki S, Physical review materials 2, 074002 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVMATERIALS.2.074002
Abstract: Recently, a group of MAX phases, (Mo2/3Y1/3)(2)AlC, (Mo2/3Sc1/3)(2)AlC, (W2/3Sc1/3)(2)AlC,(W2/3Y1/3)(2)AlC, and (V-2/3 Zr-1/3)(2)AlC, with in-plane ordered double transition metals, named iMAX phases, have been synthesized. Experimentally, some of these MAX phases can be chemically exfoliated into two-dimensional (2D) single- or multilayered transition metal carbides, so-called MXenes. Accordingly, the 2D nanostructures derived from iMAX phases are named iMXenes. Here we investigate the structural stabilities and electronic structures of the experimentally discovered iMAX phases and their possible iMXene derivatives. We show that the iMAX phases and their pristine, F, or OH-terminated iMXenes are metallic. However, upon 0 termination, (Mo2/3Y1/3)(2)C, (Mo2/3Sc1/3)(2)C, (W2/3Y1/3)(2)C, and (W2/3Sc1/3)(2)C iMXenes turn into semiconductors. Owing to the absence of centrosymmetry, the semiconducting iMXenes may find applications in piezoelectricity. Our calculations reveal that the semiconducting iMXenes possess giant piezoelectric coefficients as large as 45 x 10(-)(10) C/m.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVMATERIALS.2.074002
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“Enzyme immobilization on/in polymeric membranes : status, challenges and perspectives in biocatalytic membrane reactors (BMRs)”. Jochems P, Satyawali Y, Diels L, Dejonghe W, Green chemistry : cutting-edge research for a greener sustainable future 13, 1609 (2011). http://doi.org/10.1039/C1GC15178A
Abstract: Immobilization of enzymes is beneficial in terms of improving the process economics by enabling enzyme re-use and enhancing overall productivity and robustness. Increasingly, membranes are thought to be good supports for enzyme immobilization. These resulting biocatalytic membranes are integrated in reactors known as biocatalytic membrane reactors (BMRs) which enable the integration of biocatalysis and separation. Often the available commercial membranes require modifications to make them suitable for enzyme immobilization. Different immobilization techniques can be used on such suitable membranes, but no general rules exist for making a choice between them. Despite the advantages of BMR application, there are some issues which need to be addressed in order to achieve up-scaling of such systems. In this review, the different aspects of enzyme immobilization on membranes are discussed to show the complexity of this interdisciplinary technology. In addition, the existing issues which require further investigation are highlighted.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1039/C1GC15178A
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“Field demonstration and evaluation of the passive flux meter on a CAH groundwater plume”. Verreydt G, Annable MD, Kaskassian S, van Keer I, Bronders J, Diels L, Vanderauwera P, Environmental Science and Pollution Research 20, 4621 (2013). http://doi.org/10.1007/S11356-012-1417-8
Abstract: This study comprises the first application of the Passive Flux Meter (PFM) for the measurement of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon (CAH) mass fluxes and Darcy water fluxes in groundwater at a European field site. The PFM was originally developed and applied to measurements near source zones. The focus of the PFM is extended from near source to plume zones. For this purpose, 48 PFMs of 1.4 m length were constructed and installed in eight different monitoring wells in the source and plume zone of a CAH-contaminated field site located in France. The PFMs were retrieved, sampled, and analyzed after 3 to 11 weeks of exposure time, depending on the expected contaminant flux. PFM evaluation criteria include analytical, technical, and practical aspects as well as conditions and applicability. PFM flux data were compared with so-called traditional soil and groundwater concentration data obtained using active sampling methods. The PFMs deliver reasonable results for source as well as plume zones. The limiting factor in the PFM applicability is the exposure time together with the groundwater flux. Measured groundwater velocities at the field site range from 2 to 41 cm/day. Measured contaminant flux data raise up to 13 g/m(2)/day for perchloroethylene in the plume zone. Calculated PFM flux averaged concentration data and traditional concentration data were of similar magnitude for most wells. However, both datasets need to be compared with reservation because of the different sampling nature and time. Two important issues are the PFM tracer loss during installation/extraction and the deviation of the groundwater flow field when passing the monitoring well and PFM. The demonstration of the PFM at a CAH-contaminated field site in Europe confirmed the efficiency of the flux measurement technique for source as well as plume zones. The PFM can be applied without concerns in monitoring wells with European standards. The acquired flux data are of great value for the purpose of site characterization and mass discharge modeling, and can be used in combination with traditional soil and groundwater sampling methods.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Biochemical Wastewater Valorization & Engineering (BioWaVE)
DOI: 10.1007/S11356-012-1417-8
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“High-energy polarized-beam energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis combined with activated thin layers for cadmium determination at trace levels in complex environmental liquid samples”. Marguí, E, Fontàs C, van Meel K, Van Grieken R, Queralt I, Hidalgo M, Analytical chemistry 80, 2357 (2008). http://doi.org/10.1021/AC7018427
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1021/AC7018427
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