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“Towards biolubricant compatible vegetable oils by pore mouth hydrogenation with shape-selective Pt/ZSM-5 catalysts”. Van Aelst J, Philippaerts A, Bartholomeeusen E, Fayad E, Thibault-Starzyk F, Lu J, Schryvers D, Ooms R, Verboekend D, Jacobs P, Sels B, Catalysis science &, technology 6, 2820 (2016). http://doi.org/10.1039/C6CY00498A
Abstract: Pt/ZSM-5 catalysts with various crystal sizes were prepared via competitive ion-exchange, followed by a slow activation procedure. Even when using very large ZSM-5 crystals, highly dispersed Pt nano-clusters were contained within the zeolite crystal's voids, as ascertained by 2D pressure-jump IR spectroscopy of adsorbed CO and focussed ion-beam transmission electron microscopy. The shape-selective properties of the Pt/ZSM-5 catalysts were evaluated in the partial hydrogenation of soybean oil. Unique hydrogenation selectivities were observed, as the fatty acids located at the central position of the triacylglycerol (TAG) molecules were preferentially hydrogenated. The resulting oil has therefore high levels of intermediately melting TAGs, which are compatible with biolubricants due to their improved oxidative stability and still appropriate low-temperature fluidity. The TAG distribution in the partially hydrogenated soybean oil samples was independent from the zeolite crystal size, while the hydrogenation activity linearly increases with the crystal's external surface area. This trend was confirmed with a Pt loaded mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite, obtained via a mild alkaline treatment. These observations imply and confirm a genuine pore mouth catalysis mechanism, in which only one fatty acid chain of the TAG is able to enter the micropores of ZSM-5, where the double bonds are hydrogenated by the crystal encapsulated Pt-clusters.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 5.773
Times cited: 5
DOI: 10.1039/C6CY00498A
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“Characterization of a nitrogen gliding arc plasmatron using optical emission spectroscopy and high-speed camera”. Gröger S, Ramakers M, Hamme M, Medrano JA, Bibinov N, Gallucci F, Bogaerts A, Awakowicz P, Journal of physics: D: applied physics 52, 065201 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aaefe4
Abstract: A gliding arc plasmatron (GAP), which is very promising for purification and gas conversion,
is characterized in nitrogen using optical emission spectroscopy and high-speed photography,
because the cross sections of electron impact excitation of N 2 are well known. The gas
temperature (of about 5500 K), the electron density (up to 1.5 × 10 15 cm −3 ) and the reduced
electric field (of about 37 Td) are determined using an absolutely calibrated intensified charge-
coupled device (ICCD) camera, equipped with an in-house made optical arrangement for
simultaneous two-wavelength diagnostics, adapted to the transient behavior of a GA channel
in turbulent gas flow. The intensities of nitrogen molecular emission bands, N 2 (C–B,0–0) as
well as N +
2 (B–X,0–0), are measured simultaneously. The electron density and the reduced
electric field are determined at a spatial resolution of 30 µm, using numerical simulation and
measured emission intensities, applying the Abel inversion of the ICCD images. The temporal
behavior of the GA plasma channel and the formation of plasma plumes are studied using a
high-speed camera. Based on the determined plasma parameters, we suggest that the plasma
plume formation is due to the magnetization of electrons in the plasma channel of the GAP by
an axial magnetic field in the plasma vortex.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Impact Factor: 2.588
Times cited: 7
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6463/aaefe4
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“Study of the intrinsic limitations of the contact resistance of metal/semiconductor interfaces through atomistic simulations”. Dabral A, Pourtois G, Sankaran K, Magnus W, Yu H, de de Meux AJ, Lu AKA, Clima S, Stokbro K, Schaekers M, Collaert N, Horiguchi N, Houssa M, ECS journal of solid state science and technology 7, N73 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1149/2.0041806JSS
Abstract: In this contribution, we report a fundamental study of the factors that set the contact resistivity between metals and highly doped n-type 2D and 3D semiconductors. We investigate the case of n-type doped Si contacted with amorphous TiSi combining first principles calculations with Non-Equilibrium Green functions transport simulations. The evolution of the intrinsic contact resistivity with the doping concentration is found to saturate at similar to 2 x 10(-10) Omega.cm(2) for the case of TiSi and imposes an intrinsic limit to the ultimate contact resistance achievable for n-doped Silamorphous-TiSi (aTiSi). The limit arises from the intrinsic properties of the semiconductors and of the metals such as their electron effective masses and Fermi energies. We illustrate that, in this regime, contacting heavy electron effective mass metals with semiconductor helps reducing the interface intrinsic contact resistivity. This observation seems to hold true regardless of the 3D character of the semiconductor, as illustrated for the case of three 2D semiconducting materials, namely MoS2, ZrS2 and HfS2. (C) The Author(s) 2018. Published by ECS.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Impact Factor: 1.787
Times cited: 2
DOI: 10.1149/2.0041806JSS
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“Decoupling the roles of carbon and metal oxides on the electrocatalytic reduction of oxygen on La1-xSrxCoO3-\delta perovskite composite electrodes”. Mefford JT, Kurilovich AA, Saunders J, Hardin WG, Abakumov AM, Forslund RP, Bonnefont A, Dai S, Johnston KP, Stevenson KJ, Physical chemistry, chemical physics 21, 3327 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1039/C8CP06268D
Abstract: Perovskite oxides are active room-temperature bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts in alkaline media, capable of performing the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with lower combined overpotentials relative to their precious metal counterparts. However, their semiconducting nature necessitates the use of activated carbons as conductive supports to generate applicably relevant current densities. In efforts to advance the performance and theory of oxide electrocatalysts, the chemical and physical properties of the oxide material often take precedence over contributions from the conductive additive. In this work, we find that carbon plays an important synergistic role in improving the performance of La1-xSrxCoO3- (0 x 1) electrocatalysts through the activation of O-2 and spillover of radical oxygen intermediates, HO2- and O-2(-), which is further reduced through chemical decomposition of HO2- on the perovskite surface. Through a combination of thin-film rotating disk electrochemical characterization of the hydrogen peroxide intermediate reactions (hydrogen peroxide reduction reaction (HPRR), hydrogen peroxide oxidation reaction (HPOR)) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), surface chemical analysis, HR-TEM, and microkinetic modeling on La1-xSrxCoO3- (0 x 1)/carbon (with nitrogen and non-nitrogen doped carbons) composite electrocatalysts, we deconvolute the mechanistic aspects and contributions to reactivity of the oxide and carbon support.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 4.123
Times cited: 5
DOI: 10.1039/C8CP06268D
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“Electrochemical sensing of phenicol antibiotics at gold”. Pilehvar S, Dardenne F, Blust R, De Wael K, International journal of electrochemical science 7, 5000 (2012)
Abstract: Phenicols are an effective and a broad spectrum class of antibiotics which has lost favour due to their side effects on human health. A rapid and sensitive electrochemical detection system is developed for the simultaneous detection of chloramphenicol (CAP), thiamphenicol (TAP) and florfenicol (FF). The electrochemical behaviour of CAP in the presence of its derivatives was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). At a gold electrode, CAP gives rise to a sensitive cathodic peak at −0.68V (versus SCE) in a tris buffer solution (pH 7.6). This behavior gives us the opportunity to introduce a method for sensing CAP electrochemically in the presence of its derivatives. Calibration graphs were linear in the 2.5-7.4 μmol L-1 concentration range. Deviations from linearity were observed for higher concentrations and this was interpreted to be due to kinetic limitation caused by the saturation of CAP and its reduction products onto the gold electrode surface. A limit of detection of 1 μmol L-1 was found.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Impact Factor: 1.469
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“Electronic and chemical properties of nickel oxide thin films and the intrinsic defects compensation mechanism”. Poulain R, Lumbeeck G, Hunka J, Proost J, Savolainen H, Idrissi H, Schryvers D, Gauquelin N, Klein A, ACS applied electronic materials 4, 2718 (2022). http://doi.org/10.1021/ACSAELM.2C00230
Abstract: Although largely studied, contradictory results on nickel oxide (NiO) properties can be found in the literature. We herein propose a comprehensive study that aims at leveling contradictions related to NiO materials with a focus on its conductivity, surface properties, and the intrinsic charge defects compensation mechanism with regards to the conditions preparation. The experiments were performed by in situ photo-electron spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and optical as well as electrical measurements on polycrystalline NiO thin films prepared under various preparation conditions by reactive sputtering. The results show that surface and bulk properties were strongly related to the deposition temperature with in particular the observation of Fermi level pinning, high work function, and unstable oxygen-rich grain boundaries for the thin films produced at room temperature but not at high temperature (>200 degrees C). Finally, this study provides substantial information about surface and bulk NiO properties enabling to unveil the origin of the high electrical conductivity of room temperature NiO thin films and also for supporting a general electronic charge compensation mechanism of intrinsic defects according to the deposition temperature.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
DOI: 10.1021/ACSAELM.2C00230
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“Spectrometric determination of silicon in food and biological samples: an interlaboratory trial”. van Dyck K, Robberecht H, van Cauwenbergh R, Deelstra H, Arnaud J, Willemyns L, Benijts F, Centeno JA, Taylor H, Soares ME, Bastos ML, Ferreira MA, d'Haese PC, Lamberts LV, Hoenig M, Knapp G, Lugowski SJ, Moens L, Riondato J, Van Grieken R, Claes M, Verheyen R, Clement L, Uytterhoeven M, Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry 15, 735 (2000). http://doi.org/10.1039/B000572J
Abstract: Accuracy and precision of silicon determination in biological matrices (serum, urine, water, beer and spinach) by spectrometric techniques (when necessary after acid destruction) were assessed by means of a collaborative interlaboratory trial. The trial was set up in accordance with ISO 5725-2 (1994). The relative overall repeatability standard deviation was acceptable. It varied between 4% for spinach powder (mean content: 176 mg kg(-1)) and 11% for serum (mean content: 5.33 mg L-1). On the other hand, the relative overall between-laboratory standard deviation was found to vary from a satisfactorily 15% for spinach after destruction (mean content: 3.32 mg L-1) to an unacceptable 107% for spinach powder (mean content: 176 mg kg(-1)). The overall conclusion of the trial was that silicon determination in biological matrices can properly be performed by spectrometric techniques. However, when sample pretreatment (i.e., acid destruction) is needed prior to silicon determination problems still remain.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Behavioural Ecology & Ecophysiology; Pathophysiology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1039/B000572J
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“Strain-Induced Exciton Hybridization in WS2 Monolayers Unveiled by Zeeman-Splitting Measurements”. Blundo E, Faria PE Jr, Surrente A, Pettinari G, Prosnikov MA, Olkowska-Pucko K, Zollner K, Wozniak T, Chaves A, Kazimierczuk T, Felici M, Babinski A, Molas MR, Christianen PCM, Fabian J, Polimeni A, Physical review letters 129, 067402 (2022). http://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVLETT.129.067402
Abstract: Mechanical deformations and ensuing strain are routinely exploited to tune the band gap energy and to enhance the functionalities of two-dimensional crystals. In this Letter, we show that strain leads also to a strong modification of the exciton magnetic moment in WS2 monolayers. Zeeman-splitting measurements under magnetic fields up to 28.5 T were performed on single, one-layer-thick WS2 microbubbles. The strain of the bubbles causes a hybridization of k-space direct and indirect excitons resulting in a sizable decrease in the modulus of they factor of the ground-state exciton. These findings indicate that strain may have major effects on the way the valley number of excitons can be used to process binary information in two-dimensional crystals.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVLETT.129.067402
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“Phosphorus scarcity contributes to nitrogen limitation in lowland tropical rainforests”. Vallicrosa H, Lugli LF, Fuchslueger L, Sardans J, Ramirez-Rojas I, Verbruggen E, Grau O, Brechet L, Peguero G, Van Langenhove L, Verryckt LT, Terrer C, Llusia J, Ogaya R, Marquez L, Roc-Fernandez P, Janssens I, Penuelas J, Ecology 104, e4049 (2023). http://doi.org/10.1002/ECY.4049
Abstract: There is increasing evidence to suggest that soil nutrient availability can limit the carbon sink capacity of forests, a particularly relevant issue considering today's changing climate. This question is especially important in the tropics, where most part of the Earth's plant biomass is stored. To assess whether tropical forest growth is limited by soil nutrients and to explore N and P limitations, we analyzed stem growth and foliar elemental composition of the five stem widest trees per plot at two sites in French Guiana after 3 years of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and N + P addition. We also compared the results between potential N-fixer and non-N-fixer species. We found a positive effect of N fertilization on stem growth and foliar N, as well as a positive effect of P fertilization on stem growth, foliar N, and foliar P. Potential N-fixing species had greater stem growth, greater foliar N, and greater foliar P concentrations than non-N-fixers. In terms of growth, there was a negative interaction between N-fixer status, N + P, and P fertilization, but no interaction with N fertilization. Because N-fixing plants do not show to be completely N saturated, we do not anticipate N providing from N-fixing plants would supply non-N-fixers. Although the soil-age hypothesis only anticipates P limitation in highly weathered systems, our results for stem growth and foliar elemental composition indicate the existence of considerable N and P co-limitation, which is alleviated in N-fixing plants. The evidence suggests that certain mechanisms invest in N to obtain the scarce P through soil phosphatases, which potentially contributes to the N limitation detected by this study.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plant and Ecosystems (PLECO) – Ecology in a time of change
Impact Factor: 4.8
DOI: 10.1002/ECY.4049
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“Heat-induced transformation of CdSe-CdS-ZnS coremultishell quantum dots by Zn diffusion into inner layers”. Yalcin AO, Goris B, van Dijk-Moes RJA, Fan Z, Erdamar AK, Tichelaar FD, Vlugt TJH, Van Tendeloo G, Bals S, Vanmaekelbergh D, Zandbergen HW, van Huis MA;, Chemical communications 51, 3320 (2015). http://doi.org/10.1039/C4CC08647C
Abstract: In this work, we investigate the thermal evolution of CdSeCdSZnS coremultishell quantum dots (QDs) in situ using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Starting at a temperature of approximately 250 °C, Zn diffusion into inner layers takes place together with simultaneous evaporation of particularly Cd and S. As a result of this transformation, CdxZn1−xSeCdyZn1−yS coreshell QDs are obtained.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 6.319
Times cited: 21
DOI: 10.1039/C4CC08647C
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“Hierarchically dual-mesoporous TiO2 microspheres for enhanced photocatalytic properties and lithium storage”. Xiao S, Lu Y, Xiao B-Y, Wu L, Song J-P, Xiao Y-X, Wu S-M, Hu J, Wang Y, Chang G-G, Tian G, Lenaerts S, Janiak C, Yang X-Y, Su B-L, Chemistry: a European journal 24, 13246 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1002/CHEM.201801933
Abstract: Hierarchically dual‐mesoporous TiO2 microspheres have been synthesized via a solvothermal process in the presence of 1‐butyl‐3‐methylmidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIm][BF4]) and diethylenetriamine (DETA) as co‐templates. Secondary mesostructured defects in the hierarchical TiO2 microspheres produce the oxygen vacancies, which not only significantly enhance the photocatalytic activity on degrading methyl blue (over 1.7 times to P25) and acetone (over 2.9 times of P25), but which also are beneficial for lithium storage. Moreover, we propose a mechanism to obtain a better understanding of the role of dual mesoporosity of TiO2 microspheres for enhancing the molecular diffusion, ion transportation and electron transformation.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
Impact Factor: 5.317
Times cited: 6
DOI: 10.1002/CHEM.201801933
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“Defects in high-dose oxygen implanted silicon : a TEM study”. Deveirman A, van Landuyt J, Vanhellemont J, Maes HE, Yallup K, Vacuum: the international journal and abstracting service for vacuum science and technology
T2 –, 1ST SIOMX WORKSHOP ( SEPARATION BY IMPLANTATION OF OXYGEN ) ( SWI-88 ), NOV 07-08, 1988, UNIV SURREY, GUILDFORD, ENGLAND 42, 367 (1991). http://doi.org/10.1016/0042-207X(91)90055-N
Abstract: Results are discussed of a transmission electron microscopy study of high-dose oxygen implanted silicon. In addition to the general high temperature (> 1200-degrees-C) annealing treatments also annealings at 'low' temperatures (1000-1100-degrees-C) were performed in order to slow down the precipitate and defect reactions. The observed dissolution of the oxide precipitates during prolonged high temperature annealing is explained by critical radius considerations. Threading dislocations are the remaining lattice defects in the silicon overlayer and cannot be removed by further annealing. Low temperature annealing results in the formation and subsequent unfaulting of extrinsic stacking fault loops below the buried oxide layer.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.858
Times cited: 4
DOI: 10.1016/0042-207X(91)90055-N
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“Carbon-dot-decorated nanodiamonds”. Shenderova O, Hens S, Vlasov I, Turner S, Lu Y-G, Van Tendeloo G, Schrand A, Burikov SA, Dolenko TA, Particle and particle systems characterization 31, 580 (2014). http://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.201300251
Abstract: The synthesis of a new class of fluorescent carbon nanomaterials, carbon-dot-decorated nanodiamonds (CDD-ND), is reported. These CDD-NDs are produced by specific acid treatment of detonation soot, forming tiny rounded sp2 carbon species (carbon dots), 12 atomic layers thick and 12 nm in size, covalently attached to the surface of the detonation diamond nanoparticles. A combination of nanodiamonds bonded with a graphitic phase as a starting material and the application of graphite intercalated acids for oxidation of the graphitic carbon is necessary for the successful production of CDD-ND. The CDD-ND photoluminescence (PL) is stable, 20 times more intense than the intrinsic PL of well-purified NDs and can be tailored by changing the oxidation process parameters. Carbon-dot-decorated DNDs are shown to be excellent probes for bioimaging applications and inexpensive additives for PL nanocomposites.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 4.474
Times cited: 30
DOI: 10.1002/ppsc.201300251
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“Homologous series of layered structures in binary and ternary Bi-Sb-Te-Se systems : ab initio study”. Govaerts K, Sluiter MHF, Partoens B, Lamoen D, Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics 89, 054106 (2014). http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.89.054106
Abstract: In order to account explicitly for the existence of long-periodic layered structures and the strong structural relaxations in the most common binary and ternary alloys of the Bi-Sb-Te-Se system, we have developed a one-dimensional cluster expansion (CE) based on first-principles electronic structure calculations, which accounts for the Bi and Sb bilayer formation. Excellent interlayer distances are obtained with a van der Waals density functional. It is shown that a CE solely based on pair interactions is sufficient to provide an accurate description of the ground-state energies of Bi-Sb-Te-Se binary and ternary systems without making the data set of ab initio calculated structures unreasonably large. For the binary alloys A1−xQx (A=Sb, Bi; Q=Te, Se), a ternary CE yields an almost continuous series of (meta)stable structures consisting of consecutive A bilayers next to consecutive A2Q3 for 0<x<0.6. For x>0.6, the binary alloy segregates into pure Q and A2Q3. The Bi-Sb system is described by a quaternary CE and is found to be an ideal solid solution stabilized by entropic effects at T≠0 K but with an ordered structure of alternating Bi and Sb layers for x=0.5 at T=0 K. A quintuple CE is used for the ternary Bi-Sb-Te system, where stable ternary layered compounds with an arbitrary stacking of Sb2Te3, Bi2Te3, and Te-Bi-Te-Sb-Te quintuple units are found, optionally separated by mixed Bi/Sb bilayers. Electronic properties of the stable compounds were studied taking spin-orbit coupling into account.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
Impact Factor: 3.836
Times cited: 5
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.054106
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“Long-distance channeling and focusing of lasers in plasmas”. Yuan X, Yu W, Yu MY, Chen ZY, Liu JR, Lu PX, Li RX, Qian LJ, Lu BD, Physica scripta 66, 381 (2002). http://doi.org/10.1238/Physica.Regular.066a00381
Abstract: The propagation of a short laser beam in plasma is investigated analytically Relativistic ponderomotive force and space charge effects are included, and an equation describing the evolution of the laser spot size is derived. It is shown that self-consistent electron cavitation can lead to self channelling and thus long-distance self-focusing of the laser. The condition for the latter to occur is given.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Impact Factor: 1.28
Times cited: 2
DOI: 10.1238/Physica.Regular.066a00381
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“Origin of predominance of cementite among iron carbides in steel at elevated temperature”. Fang CM, Sluiter MHF, van Huis M, Ande CK, Zandbergen HW, Physical review letters 105, 4 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.055503
Abstract: A long-standing challenge in physics is to understand why cementite is the predominant carbide in steel. Here we show that the prevalent formation of cementite can be explained only by considering its stability at elevated temperature. A systematic highly accurate quantum mechanical study was conducted on the stability of binary iron carbides. The calculations show that all the iron carbides are unstable relative to the elemental solids, -Fe and graphite. Apart from a cubic Fe23C6 phase, the energetically most favorable carbides exhibit hexagonal close-packed Fe sublattices. Finite-temperature analysis showed that contributions from lattice vibration and anomalous Curie-Weis magnetic ordering, rather than from the conventional lattice mismatch with the matrix, are the origin of the predominance of cementite during steel fabrication processes.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 8.462
Times cited: 65
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.055503
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“Rings of double-walled carbon nanotube bundles”. Colomer J-F, Henrard L, Flahaut E, Van Tendeloo G, Lucas AA, Lambin P, Nano letters 3, 685 (2003). http://doi.org/10.1021/nl034159w
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 12.712
Times cited: 59
DOI: 10.1021/nl034159w
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“Stationary-phase slip state in quasi-one-dimensional rings”. Vodolazov DY, Baelus BJ, Peeters FM, Physical review : B : condensed matter and materials physics 66, 054531 (2002). http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.66.054531
Abstract: The nonuniform superconducting state in a ring in which the order parameter vanishing at one point is studied. This state is characterized by a jump of the phase by pi at the point where the order parameter becomes zero. In uniform rings such a state is a saddle-point state and consequently unstable. However, for nonuniform rings with, e.g., variations of geometrical or physical parameters or with attached wires this state can be stabilized and may be realized experimentally.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
Impact Factor: 3.836
Times cited: 29
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.054531
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“Plasma–liquid interactions: a review and roadmap”. Bruggeman PJ, Kushner MJ, Locke BR, Gardeniers JGE, Graham WG, Graves DB, Hofman-Caris RCHM, Maric D, Reid JP, Ceriani E, Fernandez Rivas D, Foster JE, Garrick SC, Gorbanev Y, Hamaguchi S, Iza F, Jablonowski H, Klimova E, Kolb J, Krcma F, Lukes P, Machala Z, Marinov I, Mariotti D, Mededovic Thagard S, Minakata D, Neyts EC, Pawlat J, Petrovic ZL, Pflieger R, Reuter S, Schram DC, Schröter S, Shiraiwa M, Tarabová, B, Tsai PA, Verlet JRR, von Woedtke T, Wilson KR, Yasui K, Zvereva G, Plasma sources science and technology 25, 053002 (2016). http://doi.org/10.1088/0963-0252/25/5/053002
Abstract: Plasma–liquid interactions represent a growing interdisciplinary area of research involving plasma science, fluid dynamics, heat and mass transfer, photolysis, multiphase chemistry and aerosol science. This review provides an assessment of the state-of-the-art of this multidisciplinary area and identifies the key research challenges. The developments in diagnostics, modeling and further extensions of cross section and reaction rate databases that are necessary to address these challenges are discussed. The review focusses on nonequilibrium plasmas.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Impact Factor: 3.302
Times cited: 460
DOI: 10.1088/0963-0252/25/5/053002
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“Diatom silica-titania photocatalysts for air purification by bio-accumulation of different titanium sources”. Van Eynde E, Hu Z-Y, Tytgat T, Verbruggen SW, Watte J, Van Tendeloo G, Van Driessche I, Blust R, Lenaerts S, Environmental science : nano 3, 1052 (2016). http://doi.org/10.1039/C6EN00163G
Abstract: We present a green, biological production route for silica-titania photocatalysts using diatom microalgae. Diatoms are single-celled, eukaryotic microalgae (2-2000 mu m) that self-assemble soluble silicon (Si(OH)(4)) into intricate silica cell walls, called frustules. These diatom frustules are formed under ambient conditions and consist of hydrated silica with specific 3D morphologies and micro-meso or macroporosity. A remarkable characteristic of diatoms is their ability to bioaccumulate soluble titanium from cell culture medium and incorporate them into their nanostructured silica cell wall. Controlled cultivation of the diatom Pinnularia sp. on soluble titanium in a batch process resulted in the biological immobilisation of titanium dioxide in the porous 3D architecture of the frustules. Six different titanium sources are tested. The silica-titania frustules were isolated by treating the harvested Pinnularia cells with nitric acid (65%) or by high temperature treatment. Thermal annealing converted the amorphous titania into crystalline titania. The produced silica-titania material is evaluated towards photocatalytic activity for acetaldehyde (C2H4O) abatement. Frustules cultivated with TiBaldH showed the highest photocatalytic performance. Comparison of the photocatalytic activity with P25 reveals that P25 has a 4 fold higher photocatalytic activity, but when photocatalytic activity is normalized for titania content, the frustules show double activity. Further material characterization (morphology, crystallinity, surface area and elemental distribution) of the TiBaldH silica-titania frustules provides additional insight into their structure-activity relationship. These natural biosilicatitania materials have excellent properties for photocatalytic purposes, including high surface area (108 m(2) g(-1)) and good porosity, and show reliable immobilization of TiO2 in the ordered structure of the diatom frustule.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
Impact Factor: 6.047
Times cited: 7
DOI: 10.1039/C6EN00163G
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“Valorization of flue gas by combining photocatalytic gas pretreatment with microalgae production”. Van Eynde E, Lenaerts B, Tytgat T, Blust R, Lenaerts S, Environmental science and technology 50, 2538 (2016). http://doi.org/10.1021/ACS.EST.5B04824
Abstract: Utilization of flue gas for algae cultivation seems to be a promising route because flue gas from fossil-fuel combustion processes contains the high amounts of carbon (CO2) and nitrogen (NO) that are required for algae growth. NO is a poor nitrogen source for algae cultivation because of its low reactivity and solubility in water and its toxicity for algae at high concentrations. Here, we present a novel strategy to valorize NO from flue gas as feedstock for algae production by combining a photocatalytic gas pretreatment unit with a microalgal photobioreactor. The photocatalytic air pretreatment transforms NO gas into NO2 gas and thereby enhances the absorption of NO in the cultivation broth. The absorbed NOx will form NO2- and NO3- that can be used as a nitrogen source by algae. The effect of photocatalytic air pretreatment on the growth and biomass productivity of the algae Thalassiosira weissflogii in a semicontinuous system aerated with a model flue gas (1% CO2 and 50 ppm of NO) is investigated during a long-term experiment. The integrated system makes it possible to produce algae with NO from flue gas as the sole nitrogen source and reduces the NOx content in the exhaust gas by 84%.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
Impact Factor: 6.198
Times cited: 6
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.EST.5B04824
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“Spatial heterojunction in nanostructured TiO₂, and its cascade effect for efficient photocatalysis”. Lu Y, Liu X-L, He L, Zhang Y-X, Hu Z-Y, Tian G, Cheng X, Wu S-M, Li Y-Z, Yang X-H, Wang L-Y, Liu J-W, Janiak C, Chang G-G, Li W-H, Van Tendeloo G, Yang X-Y, Su B-L, Nano Letters 20, 3122 (2020). http://doi.org/10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.9B05121
Abstract: A highly efficient photoenergy conversion is strongly dependent on the cumulative cascade efficiency of the photogenerated carriers. Spatial heterojunctions are critical to directed charge transfer and, thus, attractive but still a challenge. Here, a spatially ternary titanium-defected TiO2@carbon quantum dots@reduced graphene oxide (denoted as V-Ti@CQDs@rGO) in one system is shown to demonstrate a cascade effect of charges and significant performances regarding the photocurrent, the apparent quantum yield, and photocatalysis such as H-2 production from water splitting and CO2 reduction. A key aspect in the construction is the technologically irrational junction of Ti-vacancies and nanocarbons for the spatially inside-out heterojunction. The new “spatial heterojunctions” concept, characteristics, mechanism, and extension are proposed at an atomic- nanoscale to clarify the generation of rational heterojunctions as well as the cascade electron transfer.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 10.8
Times cited: 5
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.9B05121
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“The contribution of microbial biotechnology to sustainable development goals”. Timmis K, de Vos WM, Luis Ramos J, Vlaeminck SE, Prieto A, Danchin A, Verstraete W, de Lorenzo V, Lee SY, Brussow H, Timmis JK, Singh BK, Microbial biotechnology 10, 984 (2017). http://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.12818
Keywords: Editorial; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12818
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“Ultrastructural localization of aluminum in patients with dialysis-associated osteomalacia”. Verbueken AH, van de Vijver FL, Van Grieken RE, Paulus GJ, Visser WJ, d'Haese P, de Broe ME, Clinical chemistry : international journal of laboratory medicine and molecular diagnostics 30, 763 (1984)
Abstract: Using laser microprobe mass analysis, we studied the ultrastructural localization of aluminum in liver and bone tissue of chronic-hemodialysis patients with proven aluminum-induced osteomalacia. In the liver, aluminum was observed to be almost exclusively associated with iron. Detectable aluminum and large amounts of iron were found in lysosomes of both hepatocytes and Kupffer cells. In bone, aluminum was localized at the osteoid/calcified-bone interface and also was associated with iron in some cases.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; Pathophysiology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
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“Recent progress on two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures for photocatalytic water splitting : a selective review”. Zhang C, Ren K, Wang S, Luo Y, Tang W, Sun M, Journal of physics: D: applied physics 56, 483001 (2023). http://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ACF506
Abstract: Hydrogen production through photocatalytic water splitting is being developed swiftly to address the ongoing energy crisis. Over the past decade, with the rise of graphene and other two-dimensional (2D) materials, an increasing number of computational and experimental studies have focused on relevant van der Waals (vdW) semiconductor heterostructures for photocatalytic water splitting. In this review, the fundamental mechanism and distinctive performance of type-II and Z-scheme vdW heterostructure photocatalysts are presented. Accordingly, we have conducted a systematic review of recent studies focusing on candidates for photocatalysts, specifically vdW heterostructures involving 2D transition metal disulfides (TMDs), 2D Janus TMDs, and phosphorenes. The photocatalytic performance of these heterostructures and their suitability in theoretical scenarios are discussed based on their electronic and optoelectronic properties, particularly in terms of band structures, photoexcited carrier dynamics, and light absorption. In addition, various approaches for tuning the performance of these potential photocatalysts are illustrated. This strategic framework for constructing and modulating 2D heterostructure photocatalysts is expected to provide inspiration for addressing possible challenges in future studies.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
Impact Factor: 3.4
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6463/ACF506
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“Solution-gel-based surface modification of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-δ with amorphous Li-Ti-O coating”. Ulu Okudur F, Batuk M, Hadermann J, Safari M, De Sloovere D, Kumar Mylavarapu S, Joos B, D'Haen J, Van Bael MK, Hardy A, RSC advances 13, 33146 (2023). http://doi.org/10.1039/D3RA05599J
Abstract: LNMO (LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-delta) is a high-energy density positive electrode material for lithium ion batteries. Unfortunately, it suffers from capacity loss and impedance rise during cycling due to electrolyte oxidation and electrode/electrolyte interface instabilities at high operating voltages. Here, a solution-gel synthesis route was used to coat 0.5-2.5 mu m LNMO particles with amorphous Li-Ti-O (LTO) for improved Li conduction, surface structural stability and cyclability. High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) analysis coupled with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) showed Ti-rich amorphous coatings/islands or Ti-rich spinel layers on many of the LTO-modified LNMO facets, with a thickness varying from about 1 to 10 nm. The surface modification in the form of amorphous islands was mostly possible on high-energy crystal facets. Physicochemical observations were used to propose a molecular mechanism for the surface modification, combining insights from metalorganic chemistry with the crystallographic properties of LNMO. The improvements in functional properties were investigated in half cells. The cell impedance increased faster for the bare LNMO compared to amorphous LTO modified LNMO, resulting in R-ct values as high as 1247 Omega (after 1000 cycles) for bare LNMO, against 216 Omega for the modified material. At 10C, the modified material boosted a 15% increase in average discharge capacity. The improvements in electrochemical performance were attributed to the increase in electrochemically active surface area, as well as to improved HF-scavenging, resulting in the formation of protective byproducts, generating a more stable interface during prolonged cycling.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.9
DOI: 10.1039/D3RA05599J
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“Do aptamers always bind? The need for a multifaceted analytical approach when demonstrating binding affinity between aptamer and low molecular weight compounds”. Bottari F, Daems E, de Vries A-M, Van Wielendaele P, Trashin S, Blust R, Sobott F, Madder A, Martins JC, De Wael K, Journal Of The American Chemical Society 142, jacs.0c08691 (2020). http://doi.org/10.1021/JACS.0C08691
Abstract: In this manuscript, we compare different analytical methodologies to validate or disprove the binding capabilities of aptamer sequences. This was prompted by the lack of a universally accepted and robust quality control protocol for the characterization of aptamer performances coupled with the observation of independent yet inconsistent data sets in the literature. As an example, we chose three aptamers with a reported affinity in the nanomolar range for ampicillin, a β-lactam antibiotic, used as biorecognition elements in several detection strategies described in the literature. Application of a well-known colorimetric assay based on aggregation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) yielded conflicting results with respect to the original report. Therefore, ampicillin binding was evaluated in solution using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), native nano-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (native nESI-MS), and 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR). By coupling the thermodynamic data obtained with ITC with the structural information on the binding event given by native nESI-MS and 1H NMR we could verify that none of the ampicillin aptamers show any specific binding with their intended target. The effect of AuNPs on the binding event was studied by both ITC and 1H NMR, again without providing positive evidence of ampicillin binding. To validate the performance of our analytical approach, we investigated two well-characterized aptamers for cocaine/quinine (MN4), chosen for its nanomolar range affinity, and l-argininamide (1OLD) to show the versatility of our approach. The results clearly indicate the need for a multifaceted analytical approach, to unequivocally establish the actual detection potential and performance of aptamers aimed at small organic molecules.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Medical Biochemistry
Impact Factor: 15
DOI: 10.1021/JACS.0C08691
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“Tetramethylbenzidine-TetrafluoroTCNQ (TMB-TCNQF(4)) : a narrow-gap semiconducting salt with room-temperature relaxor ferroelectric behavior”. Canossa S, Ferrari E, Sippel P, Fischer JKH, Pfattner R, Frison R, Masino M, Mas-Torrent M, Lunkenheimer P, Rovira C, Girlando A, Journal Of Physical Chemistry C 125, 25816 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1021/ACS.JPCC.1C07131
Abstract: We present an extension and revision of the spectroscopic and structural data of the mixed-stack charge-transfer (CT) crystal 3,3 ',5,5 '-tetramethylbenzidine-tetrafluorotetracyano-quinodimethane (TMB-TCNQF4), associated with new electric and dielectric measurements. Refinement of synchrotron structural data at low temperature has led to revise the previously reported C2/m structure. The revised structure is P2(1)/m, with two dimerized stacks per unit cell, and is consistent with the low temperature vibrational data. However, polarized Raman data in the low-frequency region also indicate that by increasing temperature above 200 K, the structure presents an increasing degree of disorder, mainly along the stack axis. X-ray diffraction data at room temperature have confirmed that the correct structure is P2(1)/ m -no phase transitions -but did not allow substantiating the presence of disorder. On the other hand, dielectric measurements have evidenced a typical relaxor ferroelectric behavior already at room temperature, with a peak in the real part of dielectric constant epsilon'(T,v) around 200 K and 0.1 Hz. The relaxor behavior is explained in terms of the presence of spin solitons separating domains of opposite polarity that yield to ferroelectric nanodomains. TMB-TCNQF(4) is confirmed to be a narrow-gap band semiconductor (Ea similar to 0.3 eV) with a room-temperature conductivity of similar to 10(-4) Omega(-1) cm(-1).
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 4.536
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JPCC.1C07131
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“Intergranular fracture in irradiated Inconel X-750 containing very high concentrations of helium and hydrogen”. Colin D Judge Nicolas Gauquelin Lori Walters Mike Wright James I Cole James Madden Gianluigi A Botton Malcolm Griffiths, Journal of Nuclear Materials 457, 165 (2015). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.10.008
Abstract: In recent years, it has been observed that Inconel X-750 spacers in CANDU reactors exhibits lower ductility with reduced load carrying capacity following irradiation in a reactor environment. The fracture behaviour of ex-service material was also found to be entirely intergranular at high doses. The thermalized flux spectrum in a CANDU reactor leads to transmutation of 58Ni to 59Ni. The 59Ni itself has unusually high thermal neutron reaction cross-sections of the type: (n, γ), (n, p), and (n, α). The latter two reactions, in particular, contribute to a significant enhancement of the atomic displacements in addition to creating high concentrations of hydrogen and helium within the material. Microstructural examinations by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have confirmed the presence of helium bubbles in the matrix and aligned along grain boundaries and matrix–precipitate interfaces. Helium bubble size and density are found to be highly dependent on the irradiation temperature and material microstructure; the bubbles are larger within grain boundary precipitates. TEM specimens extracted from fracture surfaces and crack tips provide information that is consistent with crack propagation along grain boundaries due to the presence of He bubbles.
Keywords: A1 Journal Article; Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT) ;
Times cited: 29
DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.10.008
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“Tailoring the functional properties of polyurethane foam with dispersions of carbon nanofiber for power generator applications”. Sathiyamoorthy S, Girijakumari G, Kannan P, Venugopal K, Thiruvottriyur Shanmugam S, Veluswamy P, De Wael K, Ikeda H, Applied surface science 449, 507 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.APSUSC.2018.01.088
Abstract: To produce effective thermoelectric nanocomposites, carbon nanofibers (CNF) incorporated polyurethane (PU) foams with nanocomposites are prepared via in-situ polymerization method to create a synergy that would produce a high thermopower. The formation mechanism of foams, the reaction kinetics, and the physical properties such as density and water absorption studied before and after CNF incorporation. The microscopy images showed a uniform dispersion of CNF in the PU matrix of the prepared foams. Spectroscopic studies such as X-ray photoelectron and laser Raman spectroscopy suggested the existence of a tight intermolecular binding interaction between the carbon nanofibers and the PU matrix in the prepared composite foams. It found that the thermopower is directly dependent on the concentration of carbon nanofiber since, with rising concentration of 1%3%, the coefficient values increased from 1.2 μV/K to 11.9 μV/K respectively, a value higher than that of earlier report. This unique nanocomposite offers a new opportunity to recycle waste heat in portable/wearable electronics and other applications, which will broaden the development of low weight and mechanical flexibility.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Impact Factor: 3.387
Times cited: 4
DOI: 10.1016/J.APSUSC.2018.01.088
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