“Refinery and concentration of nutrients from urine with electrodialysis enabled by upstream precipitation and nitrification”. De Paepe J, Lindeboom REF, Vanoppen M, De Paepe K, Demey D, Coessens W, Lamaze B, Verliefde ARD, Clauwaert P, Vlaeminck SE, Water research 144, 76 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.WATRES.2018.07.016
Abstract: Human urine is a valuable resource for nutrient recovery, given its high levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, but the compositional complexity of urine presents a challenge for an energy-efficient concentration and refinery of nutrients. In this study, a pilot installation combining precipitation, nitrification and electrodialysis (ED), designed for one person equivalent (1.2 L-urine d(-l)), was continuously operated for similar to 7 months. First, NaOH addition yielded calcium and magnesium precipitation, preventing scaling in ED. Second, a moving bed biofilm reactor oxidized organics, preventing downstream biofouling, and yielded complete nitrification on diluted urine (20-40%, i.e. dilution factors 5 and 2.5) at an average loading rate of 215 mg N L-1 d(-1). Batch tests demonstrated the halotolerance of the nitrifying community, with nitrification rates not affected up to an electrical conductivity of 40 mS cm(-1) and gradually decreasing, yet ongoing, activity up to 96 mS cm(-1) at 18% of the maximum rate. Next-generation 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed that switching from a synthetic influent to real urine induced a profound shift in microbial community and that the AOB community was dominated by halophilic species closely related to Nitrosomonas aestuarii and Nitrosomonas marina. Third, nitrate, phosphate and potassium in the filtered (0.1 mu m) bioreactor effluent were concentrated by factors 43, 2.6 and 4.6, respectively, with ED. Doubling the urine concentration from 20% to 40% further increased the ED recovery efficiency by similar to 10%. Batch experiments at pH 6, 7 and 8 indicated a more efficient phosphate transport to the concentrate at pH 7. The newly proposed three-stage strategy opens up opportunities for energy- and chemical-efficient nutrient recovery from urine. Precipitation and nitrification enabled the long-term continuous operation of ED on fresh urine requiring minimal maintenance, which has, to the best of our knowledge, never been achieved before. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1016/J.WATRES.2018.07.016
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“Relevance of the cell membrane modelling for accurate analysis of the pulsed electric field-induced electroporation”. Mescia L, Chiapperino MA, Bia P, Lamacchia CM, Gielis J, Caratelli D, Progress in Electromagnetic Research Symposium (PIERS)
T2 –, 2019 PhotonIcs &, Electromagnetics Research Symposium –, Spring (PIERS-Spring), 17-20 June 2019, Rome, Italy , 2985 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1109/PIERS-SPRING46901.2019.9017456
Abstract: In this work, a nonlinear dispersive multiphysic model based on Maxwell and asymptotic Smoluchowsky equations has been developed to analyze the electroporation phenomenon induced by pulsed electric field on biological cells. The irregular plasma membrane geometry has been modeled by incorporating in the numerical algorithm the Gielis superformula as well as the dielectric dispersion of the plasma membrane has been modeled using the multi-relaxation Debye-based relationship. The study has been carried out with the aim to compare our model implementing a thin plasma membrane with the simplified model in which the plasma membrane is modeled as a distributed impedance boundary condition. The numerical analysis has been performed exposing the cell to external electric pulses having rectangular shapes. By an inspection of the obtained results, significant differences can be highlighted between the two models confirming the need to incorporate the effective thin membrane into the numerical algorithm to well predict the cell response to the pulsed electric fields in terms of transmembrane voltages and pore densities, especially when the cell is exposed to external nanosecond pulses.
Keywords: P1 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1109/PIERS-SPRING46901.2019.9017456
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Tytgat T (2012) Research and development of self-supporting TiO2 foams for removal of VOCs from ambient air. 164 p
Keywords: Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
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“Resource effectiveness of the European automotive sector : a statistical entropy analysis over time”. Parchomenko A, Nelen D, Gillabel J, Vrancken KCM, Rechberger H, Resources Conservation And Recycling 169, 105558 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.RESCONREC.2021.105558
Abstract: The European automotive sector is faced with potentially disruptive challenges. In particular, the projected increase in the share of electric vehicles (EVs) and calls to prepare for the implementation of more circular economy (CE) strategies are increasingly demanding systemic adaptations. Given the goals of the CE, the adaptations should enable a maximal preservation of the function and value of products (e.g. extension of lifetime), components (e.g. reuse of parts) and materials (e.g., material recycling), thus saving on the energy, materials and effort that would be required to restore the lost functionalities. In this context, statistical entropy analysis (SEA) is proposed as a methodology to assess the effort needed for preserving and restoring functionality at different product, component and material life cycle stages. Effort is measured as changes in statistical entropy that are caused by concentration and dilution activities in the production – consumption – End-of-Life (EoL) system. SEA was applied to a generic model of the European automotive system, in combination with a stock-driven model and a material flow analysis (MFA), allowing statistical entropy changes to be projected over time. The paper demonstrates how SEA can facilitate decision making on the transition towards a more circular economy by quantifying the effects of particular CE strategies and their combinations. The results show that without any additional system adaptations, an increasing share of EVs towards the year 2050 will lead to substantially increased effort in production as well as end-of-life vehicle treatment.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
Impact Factor: 3.313
DOI: 10.1016/J.RESCONREC.2021.105558
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“Resource recovery from pig manure via an integrated approach : a technical and economic assessment for full-scale applications”. De Vrieze J, Colica G, Pintucci C, Sarli J, Pedizzi C, Willeghems G, Bral A, Varga S, Prat D, Peng L, Spiller M, Buysse J, Colsen J, Benito O, Carballa M, Vlaeminck SE, Bioresource technology 272, 582 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2018.10.024
Abstract: Intensive livestock farming cannot be uncoupled from the massive production of manure, requiring adequate management to avoid environmental damage. The high carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus content of pig manure enables targeted resource recovery. Here, fifteen integrated scenarios for recovery of water, nutrients and energy are compared in terms of technical feasibility and economic viability. The recovery of refined nutrients with a higher market value and quality, i.e., (NH4)2SO4 for N and struvite for P, coincided with higher net costs, compared to basic composting. The inclusion of anaerobic digestion promoted nutrient recovery efficiency, and enabled energy recovery through electricity production. Co-digestion of the manure with carbon-rich waste streams increased electricity production, but did not result in lower process costs. Overall, key drivers for the selection of the optimal manure treatment scenario will include the market demand for more refined (vs. separated or concentrated) products, and the need for renewable electricity production.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2018.10.024
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“The rise of thermophilic biotechnology for nitrogen removal”. Vandekerckhove TGL, Courtens ENP, Prat D, Boon N, Vlaeminck SE, , 17 p.
T2 (2016)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
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“The scaling relationships of leaf biomass vs. leaf surface area of 12 bamboo species”. Huang W, Su X, Ratkowsky DA, Niklas KJ, Gielis J, Shi P, Global ecology and conservation 20, e00793 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.GECCO.2019.E00793
Abstract: There is convincing evidence for a scaling relationship between leaf dry weight (DW) and leaf surface area (A) for broad-leaved plants, and most estimates of the scaling exponent of DW vs. A are greater than unity. However, the scaling relationship of leaf fresh weight (FW) vs. A has been largely neglected. In the present study, we examined whether there is a statistically strong scaling relationship between FW and A and compared the goodness of fit to that of DW vs. A. Between 250 and 520 leaves from each of 12 bamboo species within 2 genera (Phyllostachys and Pleioblastus) were investigated. The reduced major axis regression protocols were used to determine scaling relationships. The fit for the linearized scaling relationship of FW vs. A was compared with that of DW vs. A using the coefficient of determination (i.e., r2). A stronger scaling relationship between FW and A than that between DW and A was observed for each of the 12 bamboo species investigated. Among the 12 species examined, five had significantly smaller scaling exponents of FW vs. A compared to those of DW vs. A; only one species had a scaling exponent of FW vs. A greater than that of DW vs. A. No significant difference between the two scaling exponents was observed for the remaining 6 species. Researchers conducting future studies might be well advised to consider the influence of leaf fresh weight when exploring the scaling relationships of foliar biomass allocation patterns.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1016/J.GECCO.2019.E00793
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“Selective leaching of Pb, Cu, Ni and Zn from secondary lead smelting residues”. Kim E, Horckmans L, Spooren J, Vrancken KC, Quaghebeur M, Broos K, Hydrometallurgy 169, 372 (2017). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.HYDROMET.2017.02.027
Abstract: Several HNO3-based leaching approaches were tested and optimized to selectively recover Pb and other minor metals (Cu, Ni, Zn) from secondary lead smelter residues (i.e., slag and matte). Firstly, the leaching behaviors of Pb and the matrix element Fe were studied at atmospheric pressure in the temperature range 25-70 degrees C. These elements were present in both materials studied as sulfide and oxide phases. For the sulfur-rich matte residue, the Pb leaching increased from 63% to 69% upon increasing the HNO3 concentration from 0.2 M to 0.5 M. However, by adding Fe(III) as an oxidation agent, Pb leaching from the matte amounted to 90% at 25 degrees C. At a higher temperature, Pb leaching was reduced due to PbSO4 precipitation. In this process, Cu, Zn and Ni leaching was insignificant. For the slag residue, HNO3 could not leach Pb (0.03% Pb leached), while Fe leaching was 19.8% due to a galvanic effect. However, Pb leaching of the slag was 82% in the presence of additional Fe(III). Secondly, to enhance leaching of the other base metals (Cu, Zn and Ni) from the matte, roasting followed by water leaching and (microwave assisted or autoclave) pressurized leaching in 0.5 M HNO3 were applied. During roasting, the FeS phase converted to Fe2O3 above 500 degrees C, and PbS and Pb phases were transformed into insoluble PbSO4 above 400 degrees C. Cu, Ni and Zn leaching was drastically enhanced by a roasting step at 600 degrees C followed by leaching with 0.5 M HNO3 at 50 degrees C, or by pressurized HNO3 leaching above 130 degrees C, whereby Pb leaching almost ceased due to PbSO4 precipitation. During the roasting above 600 degrees C, or microwave assisted extraction (MAE) at 160 degrees C for 15 min, FeS was completely converted to iron oxides that can be used as raw material for pig iron production. Based on the results, the methods investigated can be combined as process steps of two possible routes for the selective recovery of valuable metals and the production of a clean source of Fe oxides from the secondary lead smelting residues studied. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1016/J.HYDROMET.2017.02.027
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“Selective recovery of Cr from stainless steel slag by alkaline roasting followed by water leaching”. Kim E, Spooren J, Broos K, Horckmans L, Quaghebeur M, Vrancken KC, Hydrometallurgy 158, 139 (2015). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.HYDROMET.2015.10.024
Abstract: Selective chromium (Cr) leaching from stainless steel slag (SS slag) by alkali roasting followed by water leaching was investigated. The efficiency of the alkali roasting process for Cr leaching was increased by optimizing the mass ratio of alkaline agents (NaOH, and NaOH-NaNO3) to the slag, roasting temperature and time. At the optimum condition (0.67 mass ratio of NaOH to SS slag, 400 degrees C, 2 h) of NaOH roasting, chromium leaching was around 83%, while the matrix material was dissolved only to a limited extent (Si 8.0%). Mechanical activation of the SS slag prior to roasting reduced the optimum NaOH to SS slag mass ratio to 0.4. The addition of NaNO3 as an oxidant to the NaOH salt increased Cr leaching to 89% after roasting at 400 degrees C for 2 h. The remaining Cr phases in the residue were almost exclusively FeCr alloys. Further chromium dissolution from these alloys is prevented by a passivation layer of Fe oxides as shown by SEM/EDS images. Based on these results, a SS slag recycling process is suggested in which roasting-water leaching followed by water washing to remove Cr yields a residue which has potential for application as a construction material. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1016/J.HYDROMET.2015.10.024
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“Short and long term effect of decreasing temperature on anammox activity and enrichment in mainstream granular sludge process”. De Cocker P, Bessiere Y, Hernandez-Raquet G, Dubos S, Mercade M, Sun XY, Mozo I, Barillon B, Gaval G, Caligaris M, Martin Ruel S, Vlaeminck SE, Sperandio M, 4, 50 (2017). http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58421-8_8
Abstract: This study investigates the impact of lower temperature on short term and long term (down to 10 degrees C) on a completely anoxic anammox granular sludge process. This is the first time granular sludge Anammox is operated in pure anoxic condition in SBR and at low temperature. Conversion performance, kinetic parameters, sludge characteristics and microbial community were analyzed.
Keywords: P1 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-58421-8_8
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“Short and long term effect of decreasing temperature on anammox activity and enrichment in mainstream granular sludge process”. De Cocker P, Bessiere Y, Hernandez-Raquet G, Dubos S, Mercade M, Sun XY, Mozo I, Barillon B, Gaval G, Caligaris M, Ruel SM, Vlaeminck SE, Sperandio M, Frontiers In Wastewater Treatment And Modelling, Ficwtm 2017 4, 50 (2017). http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58421-8_8
Abstract: This study investigates the impact of lower temperature on short term and long term (down to 10 degrees C) on a completely anoxic anammox granular sludge process. This is the first time granular sludge Anammox is operated in pure anoxic condition in SBR and at low temperature. Conversion performance, kinetic parameters, sludge characteristics and microbial community were analyzed.
Keywords: P1 Proceeding; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-58421-8_8
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“Sidestream deammonification on thermal hydrolysis process digestate : strategies to overcome nitritation inhibition”. Zhang Q, De Clippeleir H, Al-Omari A, Wett B, Vlaeminck SE, Murthy S, , 11 p.
T2 (2015)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
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“Smart operation of nitritation/denitritation virtually abolishes nitrous oxide emission during treatment of co-digested pig slurry centrate”. Peng L, Carvajal-Arroyo JM, Seuntjens D, Prat D, Colica G, Pintucci C, Vlaeminck SE, Water research 127, 1 (2017). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.WATRES.2017.09.049
Abstract: The implementation of nitritation/denitritation (Nit/DNit) as alternative to nitrification/denitrification (N/DN) is driven by operational cost savings, e.g. 1.0-1.8 EUR/ton slurry treated. However, as for any biological nitrogen removal process, Nit/DNit can emit the potent greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). Challenges remain in understanding formation mechanisms and in mitigating the emissions, particularly at a low ratio of organic carbon consumption to nitrogen removal (CODrem/N-rem). In this study, the centrate (centrifuge supernatant) from anaerobic co-digestion of pig slurry was treated in a sequencing batch reactor. The process removed approximately 100% of ammonium a satisfactory nitrogen loading rate (0.4 g N/L/d), with minimum nitrite and nitrate in the effluent. Substantial N2O emission (around 17% of the ammonium nitrogen loading) was observed at the baseline operational condition (dissolved oxygen, DO, levels averaged at 0.85 mg O-2/L; CODrem/N-rem of 2.8) with similar to 68% of the total emission contributed by nitritation. Emissions increased with higher nitrite accumulation and lower organic carbon to nitrogen ratio. Yet, higher DO levels (similar to 2.2 mg O-2/L) lowered the aerobic N2O emission and weakened the dependency on nitrite concentration, suggesting a shift in N2O production pathway. The most effective N2O mitigation strategy combined intermittent patterns of aeration, anoxic feeding and anoxic carbon dosage, decreasing emission by over 99% (down to similar to 0.12% of the ammonium nitrogen loading). Without anaerobic digestion, mitigated Nit/DNit decreases the operational carbon footprint with about 80% compared to N/DN. With anaerobic digestion included, about 4 times more carbon is sequestered. In conclusion, the low CODrem/N-rem feature of Nit/DNit no longer offsets its environmental sustainability provided the process is smartly operated. (c) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1016/J.WATRES.2017.09.049
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“Some like it hot : perspectives for thermophilic nitrogen removal”. Vlaeminck SE, Courtens ENP, Vandekerckhove TGL, Boon N, , 4 p.
T2 (2015)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
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“Some properties of “bulky&rdquo, links, generated by Generalized Möbius Listing's bodies GML4n”. Caratelli D, Gielis J, Ricci PE, Tavkhelidze I, (2013)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
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“Space-time information analysis for resource-conscious urban planning and design : a stakeholder based identification of urban metabolism data gaps”. Voskamp IM, Spiller M, Stremke S, Bregt AK, Vreugdenhil C, Rijnaarts HHM, Resources, conservation and recycling 128, 516 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.RESCONREC.2016.08.026
Abstract: The research presented here examined at which spatial and temporal resolution urban metabolism should be analysed to generate results that are useful for implementation of urban planning and design interventions aiming at optimization of resource flows. Moreover, it was researched whether a lack of data currently hampers analysing resource flows at this desired level of detail. To facilitate a stakeholder based research approach, the SIRUP tool Space-time Information analysis for Resource-conscious Urban Planning was developed. The tool was applied in a case study of Amsterdam, focused on the investigation of energy and water flows. Results show that most urban planning and design interventions envisioned in Amsterdam require information on a higher spatiotemporal resolution than the resolution of current urban metabolism analyses, i.e., more detailed than the city level and at time steps smaller than a year. Energy-related interventions generally require information on a higher resolution than water-related interventions. Moreover, for the majority of interventions information is needed on a higher resolution than currently available. For energy, the temporal resolution of existing data proved inadequate, for water, data with both a higher spatial and temporal resolution is required. Modelling and monitoring techniques are advancing for both water and energy and these advancements are likely to contribute to closing these data gaps in the future. These advancements can also prove useful in developing new sorts of urban metabolism analyses that can provide a systemic understanding of urban resource flows and that are tailored to urban planning and design.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1016/J.RESCONREC.2016.08.026
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“Startup strategies of deammonification reactors treating reject water from thermally hydrolyzed solids”. Zhang Q, Vlaeminck SE, DeBarbadillo C, Suzuki R, Kharkar SM, Al-Omari A, Wett B, Chandran K, Murthy S, De Clippeleir H, , 5 p.
T2 (2017)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
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“Structure of the dm knives and process of cutting of GML(man) or GRT(man) bodies”. Tavkhelidze I, Gielis J, Sn –, 1512-0066 33 (2019)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
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“Struvite and organic fertilizer impacting the rhizosphere microbial community, nutrient turnover and plant growth performance”. Grunert O, Robles Aguilar AA, Hernandez-Sanabria E, Vandekerckhove T, Reheul D, Van Labeke M-C, Vlaeminck S, Boon N, Jablonowski ND, , 12 p.
T2 (2016)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
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“Struvite solubilisation rates enable direct addition To single cell protein bioreactors”. Muys M, Derese S, Verliefde A, Vlaeminck SE, , 10 p.
T2 (2016)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
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Keulemans M (2017) Study of electron transfer processes in plasmonic photocatalysis. 170 p
Keywords: Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
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Asapu R (2018) A study of plasmonic systems using Layer-by-Layer synthesized core-shell nanoparticles. 142 p
Keywords: Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
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“Success of mainstream partial nitritation/anammox demands integration of engineering, microbiome and modeling insights”. Agrawal S, Seuntjens D, De Cocker P, Lackner S, Vlaeminck SE, Current opinion in biotechnology 50, 214 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.COPBIO.2018.01.013
Abstract: Twenty years ago, mainstream partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) was conceptually proposed as pivotal for a more sustainable treatment of municipal wastewater. Its economic potential spurred research, yet practice awaits a comprehensive recipe for microbial resource management. Implementing mainstream PN/A requires transferable and operable ways to steer microbial competition as to meet discharge requirements on a year-round basis at satisfactory conversion rates. In essence, the competition for nitrogen, organic carbon and oxygen is grouped into ON/OFF (suppression/promotion) and IN/OUT (wash-out/retention and seeding) strategies, selecting for desirable conversions and microbes. Some insights need mechanistic understanding, while empirical observations suffice elsewhere. The provided methodological R&D framework integrates insights in engineering, microbiome and modeling. Such synergism should catalyze the implementation of energy-positive sewage treatment.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1016/J.COPBIO.2018.01.013
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“Sulfur-based denitrification treating regeneration water from ion exchange at high performance and low cost”. Vandekerckhove TGL, Kobayashi K, Janda J, Van Nevel S, Vlaeminck SE, Bioresource technology 257, 266 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2018.02.047
Abstract: Autotrophic denitrification with sulfur is an underexplored alternative to heterotrophic denitrification to remove nitrate from wastewater poor in organics. The application on ion exchange regeneration water (19.432.1 mS cm−1) is novel. Three fixed bed reactors were tested at 15 °C for >4 months, inoculated with activated sludge from sewage treatment. All were fast in start-up (<10 days) with high performance (94 ± 2% removal efficiency). pH control with NaOH rendered higher nitrate removal rates than limestone addition to the bed (211 ± 13 vs. 102 ± 13 mg N L−1 d−1), related to higher pH (6.64 vs. 6.24) and sulfur surface area. Bacterial communities were strongly enriched in Sulfurimonas (6367%) and Thiobacillus (2426%). In an economic comparison, sulfur-based denitrification (5.3 kg−1 N) was 15% cheaper than methanol-based denitrification (6.22 kg−1 N) and both treatments were opex dominated (85.9 vs. 86.5%). Overall, the technological and economic feasibility should boost further implementation of sulfurotrophic denitrification.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2018.02.047
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“Sulphidotrophic denitrification treating regeneration water from ion exchange at high performance and low opex”. Vlaeminck SE, Kobayashi K, Jandra J, Van Nevel S, Vandekerckhove TGL, , 3 p.
T2 (2017)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
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“Supernatant organics from anaerobic digestion after thermal hydrolysis cause direct and/or diffusional activity loss for nitritation and anammox”. Zhang Q, Vlaeminck SE, DeBarbadillo C, Su C, Al-Omari A, Wett B, Pümpel T, Shaw A, Chandran K, Murthy S, De Clippeleir H, Water research 143, 270 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.WATRES.2018.06.037
Abstract: Treatment of sewage sludge with a thermal hydrolysis process (THP) followed by anaerobic digestion (AD) enables to boost biogas production and minimize residual sludge volumes. However, the reject water can cause inhibition to aerobic and anoxic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB & AnAOB), the two key microbial groups involved in the deammonification process. Firstly, a detailed investigation elucidated the impact of different organic fractions present in THP-AD return liquor on AerAOB and AnAOB activity. For AnAOB, soluble compounds linked to THP conditions and AD performance caused the main inhibition. Direct inhibition by dissolved organics was also observed for AerAOB, but could be overcome by treating the filtrate with extended aerobic or anaerobic incubation or with activated carbon. AerAOB additionally suffered from particulate and colloidal organics limiting the diffusion of substrates. This was resolved by improving the dewatering process through an optimized flocculant polymer dose and/or addition of coagulant polymer to better capture the large colloidal fraction, especially in case of unstable AD performance. Secondly, a new inhibition model for AerAOB included diffusion-limiting compounds based on the porter-equation, and achieved the best fit with the experimental data, highlighting that AerAOB were highly sensitive to large colloids. Overall, this paper for the first time provides separate identification of organic fractions within THP-AD filtrate causing differential types of inhibition. Moreover, it highlights the combined effect of the performance of THP, AD and dewatering on the downstream autotrophic nitrogen removal kinetics. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1016/J.WATRES.2018.06.037
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“Surface plasmon resonance-induced visible light photocatalytic TiO₂, modified with AuNPs for the quantification of hydroquinone”. Mendonça CD, Khan SU, Rahemi V, Verbruggen SW, Machado SAS, De Wael K, Electrochimica Acta 389, 138734 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ELECTACTA.2021.138734
Abstract: The impregnation of size-controlled gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on an anatase TiO2 structure (AuNPs@TiO2) was studied for the photoelectrochemical detection of hydroquinone (HQ) under visible light illumination integrated into a flow injection analysis (FIA) setup. The crystalline form of TiO2 was preserved during synthesis and the homogeneous distribution of AuNPs over the TiO2 structure was confirmed. Its photoelectrocatalytic activity was improved due to the presence of AuNPs, preventing charge recombination in TiO2 and improving its light absorption ability by the surface plasmon resonance effect (SPR). The FIA system was used in order to significantly reduce the electrode fouling during electroanalysis through periodic washing steps of the electrode surface. During the amperometric detection process, reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated by visible light illumination of AuNPs@TiO2, participate in the oxidation process of HQ. The reduction of the oxidized form of HQ, i.e. benzoquinone (BQ) occurs by applying a negative potential and the measurable amperometric response will be proportional to the initial HQ concentration. The influencing parameters on the response of the amperometric photocurrent such as applied potential, flow rate and pH were investigated. The linear correlation between the amperometric response and the concentration of HQ was recorded (range 0.0125 – 1.0 µM) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 33.8 nM and sensitivity of 0.22 A M−1 cm−2. In this study, we illustrated for the first time that the impregnation of AuNPs in TiO2 allows the sensitive detection of phenolic substances under green laser illumination by using a photoelectrochemical flow system.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
Impact Factor: 4.798
DOI: 10.1016/J.ELECTACTA.2021.138734
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“Sustainability appraisal tools for soil and groundwater remediation : how is the choice of remediation alternative influenced by different sets of sustainability indicators and tool structures?”.Beames A, Broekx S, Lookman R, Touchant K, Seuntjens P, The science of the total environment 470, 954 (2014). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2013.10.044
Abstract: The state-of-the-science in sustainability assessment of soil and groundwater remediation is evaluated with the application of four decision support systems (DSSs) to a large-scale brownfield revitalization case study. The DSSs were used to perform sustainability appraisals of four technically feasible remediation alternatives proposed for the site. The first stage of the review compares the scope of each tool's sustainability indicators, how these indicators are measured and how the tools differ in terms of standardization and weighting procedures. The second stage of the review compares the outputs from the tools and determines the key factors that result in differing results between tools. The evaluation of indicator sets and tool structures explains why the tools generate differing results. Not all crucial impact areas, as identified by sustainable remediation forums, are thoroughly considered by the tools, particularly with regard to the social and economic aspects of sustainability. Variations in boundary conditions defined between technologies, produce distorted environmental impact results, especially when in-situ and ex-situ technologies are compared. The review draws attention to the need for end users to be aware of which aspects of sustainability are considered, how the aspects are measured and how all aspects are ultimately balanced in the evaluation of potential remediation strategies. Existing tools can be improved by considering different technologies within the same boundary conditions and by expanding indicator sets to include indicators deemed to be relevant by remediation forums. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2013.10.044
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“Sustainable industrial chemistry from a nontechnological viewpoint”. Reniers G, Sörensen K, Vrancken K page 33 (2013).
Keywords: H1 Book chapter; Economics; Engineering Management (ENM); Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1002/9783527649488.CH4
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“A systematic comparison of commercially produced struvite : quantities, qualities and soil-maize phosphorus availability”. Muys M, Phukan R, Brader G, Samad A, Moretti M, Haiden B, Pluchon S, Roest K, Vlaeminck SE, Spiller M, Science Of The Total Environment 756, 143726 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2020.143726
Abstract: Production of struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) from waste streams is increasingly implemented to recover phosphorus (P), which is listed as a critical raw material in the European Union (EU). To facilitate EU-wide trade of P-containing secondary raw materials such as struvite, the EU issued a revised fertilizer regulation in 2019. A comprehensive overview of the supply of struvite and its quality is presently missing. This study aimed: i) to determine the current EU struvite production volumes, ii) to evaluate all legislated physicochemical characteristics and pathogen content of European struvite against newly set regulatory limits, and iii) to compare not-regulated struvite characteristics. It is estimated that in 2020, between 990 and 1250 ton P are recovered as struvite in the EU. Struvite from 24 European production plants, accounting for 30% of the 80 struvite installations worldwide was sampled. Three samples failed the physicochemical legal limits; one had a P content of <7% and three exceeded the organic carbon content of 3% dry weight (DW). Mineralogical analysis revealed that six samples had a struvite content of 80–90% DW, and 13 samples a content of >90% DW. All samples showed a heavy metal content below the legal limits. Microbiological analyses indicated that struvite may exceed certain legal limits. Differences in morphology and particle size distribution were observed for struvite sourced from digestate (rod shaped; transparent; 82 mass% < 1 mm), dewatering liquor (spherical; opaque; 65 mass% 1–2 mm) and effluent from upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor processing potato wastewater (spherical; opaque; 51 mass% < 1 mm and 34 mass% > 2 mm). A uniform soil-plant P-availability pattern of 3.5–6.5 mg P/L soil/d over a 28 days sampling period was observed. No differences for plant biomass yield were observed. In conclusion, the results highlight the suitability of most struvite to enter the EU fertilizer market.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL); Engineering Management (ENM)
Impact Factor: 4.9
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2020.143726
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