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“Chemical composition of suspended matter and sediments from the Indian sub-continent: a fifteen-year research survey”. Dekov VM, Subramanian V, Van Grieken R page 81 (1998).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Chemical composition of river sediments from the Indian sub-continent”. Subramanian V, Van 't dack L, Van Grieken R, Chemical geology 48, 271 (1985). http://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(85)90052-X
Abstract: River sediments from all of the major drainage basins (except the Indus) in the Indian sub-continent were collected and analysed by thin-film X-ray fluorescence technique (XRF) to determine their chemical composition. On the basis of analysis of more than 120 samples, average chemical compositions of river-borne sediments from the Indian sub-continent have been calculated. Also, average concentration values for sediments from each of the river basins, and the sub-continent average and the inter-basin differences are discussed in relation to weathering processes in the drainage basins. Comparisons have been made with the chemistry of sediments from the Bay of Bengal (which receives the bulk of sediments delivered by Indian rivers). Our observations are discussed in the light of average chemical composition of world-river sediments and the world surface rock exposed for continental weathering.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0009-2541(85)90052-X
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“The elemental chemistry of sediments in the Krishna River basin, India”. Ramesh R, Subramanian V, Van Grieken R, Van 't dack L, Chemical geology 74, 331 (1989). http://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(89)90042-9
Abstract: Composition of bed, core and suspended sediments collected from Krishna River sediments were studied and the observations are discussed in the light of other Indian rivers, world's average river suspended particles, surficial rock and soils. The contents of V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn in the suspended particles are higher in the Krishna River than in the world's average, indicating pollution inputs. Suspended sediments are enriched (5 to 10 times) in all the elements considered relative to bed sediments. Downstream profile and metal/Al ratios of the elements indicate that the mobility of elements within the basin is controlled by basin geology, size and mineralogical characteristics. Good correlations observed for a number of elements point out to their common sink in the clay fraction of the sediments. There is no systematic variation with depth for the major elements and most of the elements are considerably higher compared to estuarine or Bay of Bengal sediments.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0009-2541(89)90042-9
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“Transport and fractionation of Pb in river sediments from the Indian sub-continent”. Subramanian V, Van Grieken R, Van 't dack L, Journal of the Geological Society of India 30, 217 (1987)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Heavy metals in the Ganges estuary”. Subramanian V, Jha PK, Van Grieken R, Marine pollution bulletin 19, 290 (1988). http://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(88)90602-9
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0025-326X(88)90602-9
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“Chemical composition of sediments and suspended matter from the Cauvery and Brahmaputra rivers (India)”. Dekov VM, Araujo F, Van Grieken R, Subramanian V, The science of the total environment 212, 89 (1998). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(97)00132-0
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(97)00132-0
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“Chemical composition of sediments and suspended matter from the Cauvery and Brahmaputra rivers (India)”. Dekov VM, Araujo F, Van Grieken R, Subramanian V, The science of the total environment 203, 51 (1997)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Heavy metals in sediments of the Yamura River (a tributary of the Ganges), India”. Jha PK, Subramanian V, Sitasawad R, Van Grieken R, The science of the total environment 95, 7 (1990). http://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(90)90049-Z
Abstract: Yamuna River sediments are more enriched in metals than those of the Ganges and average Indian river sediments. Variation of metals in suspended, bed and core sediment are due to the varying proportions of grain size and mineral content. Iron, Mn and Pb show a preference for the oxide fraction, whereas Cu and Zn are predominant in organic and carbonate fractions of sediments. Of the total elemental content, 80% Mn, 78% Fe, 69% Pb, 67% Cu and 55% Zn are available in chemically mobile phases of the sediments. The high partition coefficient of metals with respect to Mn suggests similar chemical mobility and preferences for solid phases. River sediments in the vicinity of Delhi show an increase in sorption of metals downstream, consequently metals are retained in sediments. The high correlation coefficient and significant regression relation among the metals indicate their similar behaviour during transport. At Allahabad, the contribution of the Yamuna to the Ganges is 3200 t Pb year−1, 12 100 t Zn year−1 and 8500 t Cu year−1 in particulate form.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0048-9697(90)90049-Z
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“Chemical composition of riverine suspended matter and sediments from the Indian sub-continent”. Dekov V, Subramanian V, Van Grieken R, Mitteilungen aus dem Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institut der Universität Hamburg 82, 99 (1999)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Heavy metal distribution in sediments of Krishna River basin, India”. Ramesh R, Subramanian V, Van Grieken R, Environmental geology and water sciences 15, 207 (1990)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Heavy metal distribution in the Godavari river basin”. Biksham G, Subramanian V, Ramanathan A, Van Grieken R, Environmental geology and water sciences 17, 117 (1991)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Sedimentation rate of the floodplain sediments of the Yamuna river basin (tributary of the river Ganges, India) by using <tex>210Pb</tex>, and <tex>137Cs</tex>, techniques”. Saxena DP, Joos P, Van Grieken R, Subramanian V, Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 251, 399 (2002). http://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014821906600
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1023/A:1014821906600
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“Preliminary studies on the geochemistry of the Cauvery river basin”. Subramanian V, Van 't dack L, Van Grieken R, Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences: earth and planetary sciences 94, 99 (1985). http://doi.org/10.1007/BF02871942
Abstract: Samples of water and sediments were collected over a three year period from the entire region of Cauvery river basin excluding the estuary. On the basis of our observations, we have calculated the average composition of the Cauvery river at several locations from the catchment to the river mouth, the downstream profile of sediment load, annual erosion rates, solute and sediment fluxes and have predicted on long term changes. The sediment chemistry was determined by x-ray fluorescence (xrf) technique, and calculated mean compositions of the Cauvery and its tributary bed and the suspended sediment were compared to those of world average river sediments. Downstream profiles of some of the elements appear to be controlled by size and mineralogical characteristics besides local factors specific to the location of the samples. Interelemental relationships indicated good correlation among the transition elements indicating their co-genetic behaviour within the drainage basin.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1007/BF02871942
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“Heavy metals distribution in the sediments of Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers”. Subramanian V, Van Grieken R, Van 't dack L, Environmental geology 9, 93 (1987). http://doi.org/10.1007/BF02449940
Abstract: Bed sediments were collected from the entire region of the Ganges basin and some parts of the Brahmaputra. In addition, selected stations were sampled for suspended sediments as well. The samples were analysed for a number of heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Ni, Cr, Cu, and Zn) by the thin-film energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence technique. There are pronounced temporal and spatial variations in the heavy metals distributions. Suspended sediments are 510 times richer than the bed sediments. None of the tributaries contribute significant heavy metal load, but around urban areas in Yamuna (tributary of Ganges), very high levels due to the distribution from the drainage network are observed. Compared to the Brahmaputra, the distribution and fractionation of heavy metals in the Ganges sediments are more erratic and highly variable. All the metals considered show high correlation among themselves. Given the high flux of suspended sediments from the Himalayan rivers (nearly 20% of the global flux), the worldwide budget for heavy metal transport may need to be suitably revised.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1007/BF02449940
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