“SAED and HREM results suggest a NiTi B19' based superstructure for CuZr martensite”. Schryvers D, Journal de physique: colloques, suppléments 5, 1047 (1995). http://doi.org/10.1051/jp4/1995581047
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Times cited: 2
DOI: 10.1051/jp4/1995581047
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“Optimization of sample preparation for grazing emission X-ray fluorescence in micro- and trace analysis applications”. Claes M, de Bokx P, Willard N, Veny P, Van Grieken R, Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy 52, 1063 (1997). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0584-8547(96)01654-0
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0584-8547(96)01654-0
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“Improved radiographic methods for the investigation of paintings using laboratory and synchrotron X-ray sources”. Schalm O, Cabal A, van Espen P, Laquière N, Storme P, Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry 26, 1068 (2011). http://doi.org/10.1039/C0JA00242A
Abstract: It is generally known that radiographic inspection of 1517th century paintings can easily be done with a polychromatic X-ray source using a voltage between 20 kV and 40 kV in combination with classic X-ray films. Unfortunately, the spatial structure of numerous 19th and early 20th century paintings cannot be visualized with conventional radiography due to several reasons such as the use of lead white grounds or low absorbing pigments. Radiographic images are blurred or worse, they do not contain the picture of the painting. During the last decades, many technological innovations have been introduced in the field of radiography but their possibilities in cultural heritage have not been explored in full detail. In our investigation we used phosphor imaging plates, energy dispersive detectors and CCD-cameras in combination with synchrotron radiation and conventional X-ray tubes in order to improve the quality of radiographic images. Several promising techniques that could improve the quality of radiographs of paintings were identified.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1039/C0JA00242A
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“Leaf area-length allometry and its implications in leaf shape evolution”. Shi P, Liu M, Ratkowsky DA, Gielis J, Su J, Yu X, Wang P, Zhang L, Lin Z, Schrader J, Trees: structure and function 33, 1073 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1007/S00468-019-01843-4
Abstract: According to Thompson’s principle of similarity, the area of an object should be proportional to its length squared. However, leaf area–length data of some plants have been demonstrated not to follow the principle of similarity. We explore the reasons why the leaf area–length allometry deviates from the principle of similarity and examine whether there is a general model describing the relationship among leaf area, width and length. We sampled more than 11,800 leaves from six classes of woody and herbaceous plants and tested the leaf area–length allometry. We compared six mathematical models based on root-mean-square error as the measure of goodness-of-fit. The best supported model described a proportional relationship between leaf area and the product of leaf width and length (i.e., the Montgomery model). We found that the extent to which the leaf area–length allometry deviates from the principle of similarity depends upon the extent of variation of the ratio of leaf width to length. Estimates of the parameter of the Montgomery model ranged between 1/2, which corresponds to a triangular leaf with leaf length as its height and leaf width as its base, and π/4, which corresponds to an elliptical leaf with leaf length as its major axis and leaf width as its minor axis, for the six classes of plants. The narrow range in practice of the Montgomery parameter implies an evolutionary stability for the leaf area of large-leaved plants despite the fact that leaf shapes of these plants are rather different.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1007/S00468-019-01843-4
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“Electron-microscopy investigation of superconducting la2cu(o, f)4+y oxyfluoride”. Weill, Chevalier, Chambon, Tressaud, Darriet, Etourneau, Van Tendeloo G, European journal of solid state and inorganic chemistry 30, 1095 (1993)
Abstract: The fluorination of La2CuO4 can lead to different oxyfluoride compounds depending on the TF2 temperature of the fluorine gas treatment. When 150-degrees-C T(F2) less-than-or-equal-to 200-degrees-c less-than-or-equal-to 200-degrees-C a superconducting material is obtained. Previous neutron diffraction experiments as well as the EXAFS measurements at the La L(III) edge indicate that extra anions lie in an interstitial site between the two (LaO) layers. Electron diffraction patterns clearly show the existence of an incommensurate modulation due to the presence of shear planes. A second phase is also pointed out which can be obtained as a major component when the fluorination temperature is raised to 230-degrees-C. This phase which is not a superconductor crystallizes with the monoclinic symmetry.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Times cited: 2
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“Electron microscopy investigation of superconducting La2Cu(O,F)4+y oxyfluoride”. Weill F, Chevalier B, Chambon M, Tressaud A, Darriet B, Etourneau J, Van Tendeloo G, European journal of solid state and inorganic chemistry 30, 1095 (1993)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Times cited: 2
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“Minimum requirements for reporting analytical data for environmental samples”. Egli H, Dassenakis M, Garelick H, Van Grieken R, Peijnenburg WJGM, Klasinc L, Kördel W, Priest N, Tavares T, Pure and applied chemistry 75, 1097 (2003). http://doi.org/10.1351/PAC200375081097
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1351/PAC200375081097
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“XRDUA : crystalline phase distribution maps by two-dimensional scanning and tomographic (micro) X-ray powder diffraction”. de Nolf W, Vanmeert F, Janssens K, Journal of applied crystallography 47, 1107 (2014). http://doi.org/10.1107/S1600576714008218
Abstract: Imaging of crystalline phase distributions in heterogeneous materials, either plane projected or in virtual cross sections of the object under investigation, can be achieved by scanning X-ray powder diffraction employing X-ray micro beams and X-ray-sensitive area detectors. Software exists to convert the two-dimensional powder diffraction patterns that are recorded by these detectors to one-dimensional diffractograms, which may be analysed by the broad variety of powder diffraction software developed by the crystallography community. However, employing these tools for the construction of crystalline phase distribution maps proves to be very difficult, especially when employing micro-focused X-ray beams, as most diffraction software tools have mainly been developed having structure solution in mind and are not suitable for phase imaging purposes. XRDUA has been developed to facilitate the execution of the complete sequence of data reduction and interpretation steps required to convert large sequences of powder diffraction patterns into a limited set of crystalline phase maps in an integrated fashion.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Times cited: 62
DOI: 10.1107/S1600576714008218
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“High-resolution electron microscopy for semiconducting materials science”. van Landuyt J, Vanhellemont J Elsevier, Amsterdam, page 1109 (1994).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
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“Potentiometric detection in UPLC as an easy alternative to determine cocaine in biological samples”. Daems D, van Nuijs ALN, Covaci A, Hamidi-Asl E, Van Camp G, Nagels LJ, Biomedical chromatography 29, 1124 (2015). http://doi.org/10.1002/BMC.3400
Abstract: The analytical methods which are often used for the determination of cocaine in complex biological matrices are a prescreening immunoassay and confirmation by chromatography combined with mass spectrometry. We suggest an ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography combined with a potentiometric detector, as a fast and practical method to detect and quantify cocaine in biological samples. An adsorption/desorption model was used to investigate the usefulness of the potentiometric detector to determine cocaine in complex matrices. Detection limits of 6.3ngmL(-1) were obtained in plasma and urine, which is below the maximum residue limit (MRL) of 25ngmL(-1). A set of seven plasma samples and 10 urine samples were classified identically by both methods as exceeding the MRL or being inferior to it. The results obtained with the UPLC/potentiometric detection method were compared with the results obtained with the UPLC/MS method for samples spiked with varying cocaine concentrations. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.997 for serum (n =7) and 0.977 for urine (n =8). As liquid chromatography is an established technique, and as potentiometry is very simple and cost-effective in terms of equipment, we believe that this method is potentially easy, inexpensive, fast and reliable. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Pharmacology. Therapy; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Toxicological Centre
DOI: 10.1002/BMC.3400
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“Mass and ionic composition of atmospheric fine particles over Belgium and their relation with gaseous air pollutants”. Bencs L, Ravindra K, de Hoog J, Rasoazanany EO, Deutsch F, Bleux N, Berghmans P, Roekens E, Krata A, Van Grieken R, Journal of environmental monitoring 10, 1148 (2008). http://doi.org/10.1039/B805157G
Abstract: Mass, major ionic components (MICs) of PM2.5, and related gaseous pollutants (SO2, NOx, NH3, HNO2, and HNO3) were monitored over six locations of different anthropogenic influence (industrial, urban, suburban, and rural) in Belgium. SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, and Na+ were the primary ions of PM2.5 with averages diurnal concentrations ranging from 0.44.5, 0.37.6, 0.94.9, and 0.41.2 µg m-3, respectively. MICs formed 39% of PM2.5 on an average, but it could reach up to 8098%. The SO2, NO, NO2, HNO2, and HNO3 levels showed high seasonal and site-specific fluctuations. The NH3 levels were similar over all the sites (26 µg m-3), indicating its relation to the evenly distributed animal husbandry activities. The sulfur and nitrogen oxidation ratios for PM2.5 point towards a low-to-moderate formation of secondary sulfate and nitrate aerosols over five cities/towns, but their fairly intensive formation over the rural Wingene. Cluster analysis revealed the association of three groups of compounds in PM2.5: (i) NH4NO3, KNO3; (ii) Na2SO4; and (iii) MgCl2, CaCl2, MgF2, CaF2, corresponding to anthropogenic, sea-salt, and mixed (sea-salt + anthropogenic) aerosols, respectively. The neutralization and cation-to-anion ratios indicate that MICs of PM2.5 appeared mostly as (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3 salts. Sea-salt input was maximal during winter reaching up to 12% of PM2.5. The overall average Cl-loss for sea-salt particles of PM2.5 at the six sites varied between 69 and 96% with an average of 87%. Principal component analysis revealed vehicular emission, coal/wood burning and animal farming as the dominating sources for the ionic components of PM2.5.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1039/B805157G
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“Reactivation of microbial strains and synthetic communities after a spaceflight to the International Space Station : corroborating the feasibility of essential conversions in the MELiSSA Loop”. Ilgrande C, Mastroleo F, Christiaens MER, Lindeboom REF, Prat D, Van Hoey O, Ambrozova I, Coninx I, Heylen W, Pommerening-Roser A, Spieck E, Boon N, Vlaeminck SE, Leys N, Clauwaert P, Astrobiology 19, 1167 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1089/AST.2018.1973
Abstract: To sustain human deep space exploration or extra-terrestrial settlements where no resupply from the Earth or other planets is possible, technologies for in situ food production, water, air, and waste recovery need to be developed. The Micro-Ecological Life Support System Alternative (MELiSSA) is such a Regenerative Life Support System (RLSS) and it builds on several bacterial bioprocesses. However, alterations in gravity, temperature, and radiation associated with the space environment can affect survival and functionality of the microorganisms. In this study, representative strains of different carbon and nitrogen metabolisms with application in the MELiSSA were selected for launch and Low Earth Orbit (LEO) exposure. An edible photoautotrophic strain (Arthrospira sp. PCC 8005), a photoheterotrophic strain (Rhodospirillum rubrum S1H), a ureolytic heterotrophic strain (Cupriavidus pinatubonensis 1245), and combinations of C. pinatubonensis 1245 and autotrophic ammonia and nitrite oxidizing strains (Nitrosomonas europaea ATCC19718, Nitrosomonas ureae Nm10, and Nitrobacter winogradskyi Nb255) were sent to the International Space Station (ISS) for 7 days. There, the samples were exposed to 2.8 mGy, a dose 140 times higher than on the Earth, and a temperature of 22 degrees C +/- 1 degrees C. On return to the Earth, the cultures were reactivated and their growth and activity were compared with terrestrial controls stored under refrigerated (5 degrees C +/- 2 degrees C) or room temperature (22 degrees C +/- 1 degrees C and 21 degrees C +/- 0 degrees C) conditions. Overall, no difference was observed between terrestrial and ISS samples. Most cultures presented lower cell viability after the test, regardless of the type of exposure, indicating a harsher effect of the storage and sample preparation than the spaceflight itself. Postmission analysis revealed the successful survival and proliferation of all cultures except for Arthrospira, which suffered from the premission depressurization test. These observations validate the possibility of launching, storing, and reactivating bacteria with essential functionalities for microbial bioprocesses in RLSS.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1089/AST.2018.1973
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“A transmission electron microscopy study of tweed-like structures in Al62Cu17.5CO17.5Si3 decagonal quasicrystals”. Zhang Z, Geng W, van Landuyt J, Van Tendeloo G, Philosophical magazine: A: physics of condensed matter: defects and mechanical properties 71, 1177 (1995)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Times cited: 7
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“Particulate matter and gaseous pollutants in residences in Antwerp, Belgium”. Stranger M, Potgieter-Vermaak SS, Van Grieken R, The science of the total environment 407, 1182 (2009). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2008.10.019
Abstract: This comprehensive study, a first in Flanders, Belgium, aimed at characterizing the residential indoor air quality of subgroups that took part in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS I1991 and ECHRS II1996) questionnaire-based asthma and related illnesses studies. This pilot study aimed at the evaluation of particulate matter and various inorganic gaseous compounds in residences in Antwerp. In addition personal exposure to the gaseous compounds of one individual per residence was assessed. The main objective was to obtain some base-line pollutant levels and compare these with studies performed in other cities, to estimate the indoor air quality in residences in Antwerp. Correlations between the various pollutant levels, indoor:outdoor ratios and the micro-environments of each residence were investigated. This paper presents results on indoor and ambient PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 mass concentrations, its elemental composition in terms of K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Pb, Al, Si, S and Cl and the water-soluble ionic concentrations in terms of SO42−, NO32−, Cl−, NH4+ K+, Ca2+. In addition, indoor, ambient and personal exposure levels of the gases NO2, SO2, and O3 were determined. Elevated indoor:outdoor ratios were found for NO2 in residences containing gas stoves. In smoker's houses increased PM concentrations of 58 and 43% were found for the fine and coarse fractions respectively. Contrary to the fact that all I/O ratios of the registered elements in each individual house were significantly correlated to each other, no correlation could be established between the I/O ratios of the different houses, thus indicating a unique micro-environment for each residence. Linear relationships between the particulate matter elemental composition, SO2 and O3 levels indoors and outdoors could be established. No linear relationships between indoor and outdoor NO2 and particulate mass concentrations were found.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2008.10.019
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“Point defect reactions in silicon studies in situ by high flux electron irradiation in high voltage transmission electron microscope”. Vanhellemont J, Romano-Rodriguez A, Fedina L, van Landuyt J, Aseev A, Materials science and technology 11, 1194 (1995)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Times cited: 7
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“Ordering principles for tetrahedral chains in Ga- and Co-substituted YBCO intergrowths”. Milat O, Krekels T, Van Tendeloo G, Amelinckx S, Journal de physique: 1: physique générale, physique statistique, matière condensée, domaines interdisciplinaires 3, 1219 (1993)
Abstract: A model for superstructure ordering in the <<chain>> layers of Ga (Co) substituted YBCO intergrowths with general formula (REO2)NSr2MCu2O5 (M = Co, Ga; n = 1, 2, ...) is proposed. By Ga or Co substitution for Cu, the structure of the <<chain>> layer changes : instead of the CuO4 planar squares, the chains consist of MO4 tetrahedra (M = Ga, Co) running along the [110] perovskite direction. The existing model for the Ga substituted <<123>> implies that all the chains are the same. Our new model is based on the results of Electron diffraction and High-resolution electron microscopy investigations. The model reveals the occurrence of two types of chains as a consequence of <<opposite>> ordering between neighbouring tetrahedra. The comer linked tetrahedra in each chain appear as alternatingly rotated in opposite sense, and a chain itself, as being displaced with respect to the underlying structure in one of two senses ; either forth (right) or back (left) along the chain direction. The regular alternation of chains of opposite type doubles the periodicity within a layer and induces the possibility for intrinsic disorder in the chain layer stacking sequence. The planar superstructure and a staggered stacking of the tetrahedral chain layers is found irrespective of the rest of the intergrowth structure. Superstructure ordering in the case of Co substitution is more perfect than for the Ga substitution.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Times cited: 16
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“Hierarchical zeolite single-crystal reactor for excellent catalytic efficiency”. Sun M-H, Zhou J, Hu Z-Y, Chen L-H, Li L-Y, Wang Y-D, Xie Z-K, Turner S, Van Tendeloo G, Hasan T, Su B-L, Matter 3, 1226 (2020). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.MATT.2020.07.016
Abstract: As a size- and shape-selective catalyst, zeolites are widely used in petroleum and fine-chemicals processing. However, their small micropores severely hinder molecular diffusion and are sensitive to coke formation. Hierarchically porous zeolite single crystals with fully interconnected, ordered, and tunable multimodal porosity at macro-, meso-, and microlength scale, like in leaves, offer the ideal solution. However, their synthesis remains highly challenging. Here, we report a versatile confined zeolite crystallization process to achieve these superior properties. Such zeolite single crystals lead to significantly improved mass transport properties by shortening the diffusion length while maintaining shape-selective properties, endowing them with a high efficiency of zeolite crystals, enhanced catalytic activities and lifetime, highly reduced coke formation, and reduced deactivation rate in bulky-molecule reactions and methanol-to-olefins process. Their industrial utilization can lead to the design of innovative and intensified reactors and processes with highly enhanced efficiency and minimum energy consumption.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
DOI: 10.1016/J.MATT.2020.07.016
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“Determinants of commercial bank loan and advance disbursement : the case of private Ethiopian commercial banks”. Birhanu T, Deressa SB, Azadi H, Viira A-H, Van Passel S, Witlox F, International journal of bank marketing 39, 1227 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-05-2021-0166
Abstract: Purpose This paper aimed to investigate the determinants of loans and advances from commercial banks in the case of Ethiopian private commercial banks. Design/methodology/approach The study randomly selected seven commercial banks to represent the population stratified on their asset, deposit and paid-up capital amounts. The study utilized an unbalanced panel data model as each bank started operation at a different period of time and considered the period 1995-2016 for secondary details. Findings The findings showed that the deposit size, credit risk, portfolio investment, average lending rate, real gross domestic product (GDP) and inflation rate had significant and optimistic effects on the lending and advancement of private commercial banks. On the contrary, liquidity ratio had significant and negative effects on private commercial bank loans and advances. Finally, the study forwarded a feasible recommendation for concerned organs to focus on deposit size, credit risk, portfolio investment, average lending rate, real GDP, inflation rate and liquidity ratio. The results of this study will help banking industry policymakers and planners understand how to minimize inflation and unemployment by improving development and sustainable economic growth. Originality/value The findings of this study can also affect the general attitudes of a society by increasing knowledge and improve the quality of life for the general public.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering Management (ENM)
DOI: 10.1108/IJBM-05-2021-0166
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“Electron microprobe characterization of individual aerosol particles collected by aircraft above the Southern Bight of the North Sea”. Rojas CM, Van Grieken RE, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 26a, 1231 (1992). http://doi.org/10.1016/0960-1686(92)90384-W
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0960-1686(92)90384-W
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“Thermophilic sludge digestion improves energy balance and nutrient recovery potential in full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants”. De Vrieze J, Smet D, Klok J, Colsen J, Angenent LT, Vlaeminck SE, Bioresource technology 218, 1237 (2016). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2016.06.119
Abstract: The conventional treatment of municipal wastewater by means of activated sludge is typically energy demanding. Here, the potential benefits of: (1) the optimization of mesophilic digestion; and (2) transitioning to thermophilic sludge digestion in three wastewater treatment plants (Tilburg-Noord, Land van Cuijk and Bath) in the Netherlands is evaluated, including a full-scale trial validation in Bath. In Tilburg-Noord, thermophilic sludge digestion covered the energy requirements of the plant (102%), whereas 111% of sludge operational treatment costs could be covered in Bath. Thermophilic sludge digestion also resulted in a strong increase in nutrient release. The potential for nutrient recovery was evaluated via: (1) stripping/absorption of ammonium; (2) autotrophic removal of ammonium via partial nitritation/anammox; and (3) struvite precipitation. This research shows that optimization of sludge digestion may lead to a strong increase in energy recovery, sludge treatment costs reduction, and the potential for advanced nutrient management in full-scale sewage treatment plants. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2016.06.119
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“Virtual underpainting reconstruction from X-ray fluorescence imaging data”. Anitha A, Brasoveanu A, Duarte MF, Hughes SM, Daubechies I, Dik J, Janssens K, Alfeld M, , 1239 (2011)
Keywords: P1 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Enhancement of electron-induced X-ray intensity for single particles under grazing-exit conditions”. Tsuji K, Spolnik Z, Wagatsuma K, Zhang J, Van Grieken RE, Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy 54, 1243 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0584-8547(99)00073-7
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0584-8547(99)00073-7
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“Characterization of black volcanites from the Limay river basin, Patagonia, Argentina, using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry : an aid to infer human group mobility”. Palacios OM, van Meel K, Van Grieken R, Marcó, P L-M, Vázquez C, Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 298, 1245 (2013). http://doi.org/10.1007/S10967-013-2600-1
Abstract: The investigation of hunter-gatherers archaeological sites in the Limay river basin, Patagonia, Argentina, raised questions concerning the lithic technology. The chemical characterization of artifacts, rocks and possible sources of provenances could help to elucidate the hunter-gatherer mobility. In three archaeological sitesRincón Chico 2 (RCh2/87; 14C 710 ± 60 BP), Cueva Traful I (CTI; 14C 9430 ± 230 BP) and Casa de Piedra de Ortega (CPO; 14C 2840 ± 80 BP), tools and debitage or discarded flakes made in black volcanic rock have been found. Nearby an extensive rock outcrop of black volcanite, Paso Limay quarry (CPL), with similar characteristics was located. Samples coming from these four sites were analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. This characterization allowed the geochemical classification of the lithic material and to correlate the samples with the suspected source after a previous statistical analysis. The majority of the samples were classified as dacites and rhyolites. Only samples coming from CPO site, the closest place to CPL were made exclusively with the quarry rocks. A set of five samples from RCh2/87 and two samples from CTI appear to have same chemical composition as CPL in spite of this site is placed in the opposite bank of the Limay river suggesting that hunter-gatherers could accede to the quarry, eventually. Finally, only a set of five samples coming from RCh2/87 and CTI do not group with the quarry. This fact evidences the existence of secondary sources of supply. The information of this research allowed inferring ancient human mobility patterns in the region.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1007/S10967-013-2600-1
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“Achieving Fast Kinetics and Enhanced Li Storage Capacity for Ti3C2O2 by Intercalation of Quinone Molecules”. Siriwardane EMD, Demiroglu I, Sevik C, Cakir D, ACS applied energy materials 2, 1251 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1021/ACSAEM.8B01801
Abstract: Using first-principles calculations, we demonstrated that high lithium storage capacity and fast kinetics are achieved for Ti3C2O2 by preintercalating organic molecules. As a proof-of-concept, two different quinone molecules, namely 1,4-benzoquinone (C6H4O2) and tetrafluoro-1,4-benzoquinone (C6F4O2) were selected as the molecular linkers to demonstrate the feasibility of this interlayer engineering strategy for energy storage. As compared to Ti3C2O2 bilayer without linker molecules, our pillared structures facilitate a much faster ion transport, promising a higher charge/discharge rate for Li. For example, while the diffusion barrier of a single Li ion within pristine Ti3C2O2 bilayer is at least 1.0 eV, it becomes 0.3 eV in pillared structures, which is comparable and even lower than that of commercial materials. At high Li concentrations, the calculated diffusion barriers are as low as 0.4 eV. Out-of-plane migration of Li ions is hindered due to large barrier energy with a value of around 1-1.35 eV. Concerning storage capacity, we can only intercalate one monolayer of Li within pristine Ti3C2O2 bilayer. In contrast, pillared structures offer significantly higher storage capacity. Our calculations showed that at least two layers of Li can be intercalated between Ti3C2O2 layers without forming bulk Li and losing the pillared structure upon Li loading/unloading. A small change in the in-plane lattice parameters (<0.5%) and volume (<1.0%) and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations prove the stability of the pillared structures against Li intercalation and thermal effects. Intercalated molecules avoid the large contraction/expansion of the whole structure, which is one of the key problems in electrochemical energy storage. Pillared structures allow us to realize electrodes with high capacity and fast kinetics. Our results open new research paths for improving the performance of not only MXenes but also other layered materials for supercapacitor and battery applications.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
DOI: 10.1021/ACSAEM.8B01801
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“Fast heating induced impulse halogenation of refractory sample components in electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry by direct injection of a liquid halogenating agent”. György K, Ajtony Z, van Meel K, Van Grieken R, Czitrovszky A, Bencs L, Talanta : the international journal of pure and applied analytical chemistry 85, 1253 (2011). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.TALANTA.2011.05.028
Abstract: A novel electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) method was developed for the halogenation of refractory sample components (Er, Nd and Nb) of lithium niobate (LiNbO3) and bismuth tellurite (Bi2TeO5) optical single crystals to overcome memory effects and carry-over. For this purpose, the cleaning step of a regular graphite furnace heating program was replaced with a halogenation cycle. In this cycle, after the graphite tube cooled to room temperature, a 20 μL aliquot of liquid carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was dispensed with a conventional autosampler into the graphite tube. The CCl4 was partially dried at 80 °C under the mini-flow (40 cm3 min−1) condition of the Ar internal furnace gas (IFG), then the residue was decomposed (pyrolyzed) by fast furnace heating at 19002100 °C under interrupted flow of the IFG. This step was followed by a clean-out stage at 2100 °C under the maximum flow of the IFG. The advantage of the present method is that it does not require any alteration to the graphite furnace gas supply system in contrast to most of the formerly introduced halogenation techniques. The effectiveness of the halogenation method was verified with the determination of Er and Nd dopants in the optical crystals. In these analyses, a sensitivity decrease was observed, which was likely due to the enhanced deterioration of the graphite tube surface. Therefore, the application of mathematical correction (resloping) of the calibration was also required. The calibration curves were linear up to 1.5 and 10 μmol L−1 for Er and Nd, respectively. Characteristic masses of 18 and 241 pg and the limit of detection (LOD) values of 0.017 and 0.27 μmol L−1 were found for Er and Nd, respectively. These LOD data correspond to 0.68 μmol mol−1 Er and 11 μmol mol−1 Nd in solid bismuth tellurite samples. The analytical results were compared with those obtained by a conventional ETAAS method and validated with X-ray fluorescence spectrometry analysis.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.TALANTA.2011.05.028
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“The shielding effect of the protective glazing of historical stained glass windows from an atmospheric chemistry perspective: case study Sainte Chapelle, Paris”. Godoi RHM, Kontozova V, Van Grieken R, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 40, 1255 (2006). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2005.10.033
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2005.10.033
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“Characterization of airborne particulate matter collected over the North Sea”. Rojas CM, Otten PM, Van Grieken RE, Journal of aerosol science 20, 1257 (1989). http://doi.org/10.1016/0021-8502(89)90811-2
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0021-8502(89)90811-2
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“Photo-responsive metal-organic frameworks –, design strategies and emerging applications in photocatalysis and adsorption”. Scandura G, Eid S, Alnajjar AA, Paul T, Karanikolos GN, Shetty D, Omer K, Alqerem R, Juma A, Wang H, Arafat HA, Dumee LF, Materials Advances 4, 1258 (2023). http://doi.org/10.1039/D2MA01022D
Abstract: Stimuli-responsive metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly versatile porous materials with the ability to respond to different external stimuli, including temperature, pressure, pH, and light. The MOF properties can switch reversibly under specific light irradiation, opening the doors to various applications. This review focuses on design strategies to obtain photo-responsive MOFs, namely (i) encapsulation of photo-switchable molecules as guests in MOF porous structures, (ii) fabrication of MOF composites, (iii) post-synthesis modification, and (iv) synthesis of MOFs with photo-responsive ligands. The most recent reports from the literature are herein reviewed and analyzed in terms of material chemistry and performance. Comparisons between the different strategies are performed and future challenges are discussed. The critical aspect of the fatigue of photo-responsive MOFs applied for prolonged cycling of irradiation is also discussed.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1039/D2MA01022D
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“Comparison of synchrotron X-ray microanalysis with electron and proton microscopy for individual particle analysis”. Janssens KH, Adams FC, van Langevelde F, Vis RD, Jones KW, Rivers M, Sutton S, Advances in X-ray analysis 35, 1265 (1992)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Urban soil exploration through multi-receiver electromagnetic induction and stepped-frequency ground penetrating radar”. Van de Vijver E, Van Meirvenne M, Vandenhaute L, Delefortrie S, De Smedt P, Saey T, Seuntjens P, Environmental science : processes &, impacts 17, 1271 (2015). http://doi.org/10.1039/C5EM00023H
Abstract: In environmental assessments, the characterization of urban soils relies heavily on invasive investigation, which is often insufficient to capture their full spatial heterogeneity. Non-invasive geophysical techniques enable rapid collection of high-resolution data and provide a cost-effective alternative to investigate soil in a spatially comprehensive way. This paper presents the results of combining multi-receiver electromagnetic induction and stepped-frequency ground penetrating radar to characterize a former garage site contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons. The sensor combination showed the ability to identify and accurately locate building remains and a high-density soil layer, thus demonstrating the high potential to investigate anthropogenic disturbances of physical nature. In addition, a correspondence was found between an area of lower electrical conductivity and elevated concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbons, suggesting the potential to detect specific chemical disturbances. We conclude that the sensor combination provides valuable information for preliminary assessment of urban soils.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1039/C5EM00023H
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