| Records |
| Author |
Vanrompay, H. |
| Title |
Toward fast and dose efficient electron tomography |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
207 p. |
| Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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UA library record |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:169852 |
Serial |
6632 |
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| Author |
Van Loon, J.; De Jong, M.; De Wael, K.; Du Bois, E. |
| Title |
Transposing testing from lab to on-site environment : a case of cocaine powder sampling |
Type |
P3 Proceeding |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Product development |
| Abstract |
This paper reports on the transition process to convert a specific lab technique to the on-site, real-life environment. Bringing a lab test to an on-site environment involves many difficulties regarding to the context, people skills and environmental support. Within this project, a case about sampling for an electrochemical measurement, was investigated as a basis to reason upon some general conclusions related to the process of transposing lab-tests to an on-site environment. The current lab test was analysed and compared with a focus group discussion with future users. Based on the findings, assumptions for the new sampling technique in the specific case were formulated. New low-tech methods to achieve the sampling were extensively tested and verified. Starting from this chosen case an argumentation was set up to generalise the conclusions, by reasoning on other cases of products that already passed this transition to the field. Based on a comparison, we could discuss that the selected parameters related to impact of the context environment, of the people that should handle the tests, related to the reasons for transposing the technology, and related to the technology that will be transposed to the on-site environment, were of importance of almost all cases and can therefore be considered as context-independent and related to the transfer to on-site testing. |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISBN |
978-94-6384-131-3 |
Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:169896 |
Serial |
6637 |
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| |
| Author |
Milagres de Oliveira, T. |
| Title |
Three-dimensional characterisation of nanomaterials : from model-like systems to real nanostructures |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
230 p. |
| Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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UA library record |
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Open Access |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:170020 |
Serial |
6627 |
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| Author |
De Jong, M. |
| Title |
A highly accurate portable electrochemical sensor for cocaine : from methodology to testing in the field |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
263 p. |
| Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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UA library record |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:170912 |
Serial |
6538 |
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| Author |
Zhang, H. |
| Title |
Optical diagnostics of spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of nanosecond laser-induced plasma in gases |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
117 p. |
| Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:171436 |
Serial |
6572 |
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| Author |
Vanherck, J. |
| Title |
Spontaneous and induced magnetisation in two-dimensional and bulk Heisenberg ferromagnets : a quantum mechanical treatment |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
160 p. |
| Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT) |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:171875 |
Serial |
6612 |
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| Author |
Groenendijk, D.J.; Autieri, C.; van Thiel, T.C.; Brzezicki, W.; Hortensius, J.R.; Afanasiev, D.; Gauquelin, N.; Barone, P.; van den Bos, K.H.W.; van Aert, S.; Verbeeck, J.; Filippetti, A.; Picozzi, S.; Cuoco, M.; Caviglia, A.D. |
| Title |
Berry phase engineering at oxide interfaces |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. Research |
| Volume |
2 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
023404 |
| Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
| Abstract |
Three-dimensional strontium ruthenate (SrRuO3) is an itinerant ferromagnet that features Weyl points acting as sources of emergent magnetic fields, anomalous Hall conductivity, and unconventional spin dynamics. Integrating SrRuO3 in oxide heterostructures is potentially a novel route to engineer emergent electrodynamics, but its electronic band topology in the two-dimensional limit remains unknown. Here we show that ultrathin SrRuO3 exhibits spin-polarized topologically nontrivial bands at the Fermi energy. Their band anticrossings show an enhanced Berry curvature and act as competing sources of emergent magnetic fields. We control their balance by designing heterostructures with symmetric (SrTiO3/SrRuO3/SrTiO3 and SrIrO3/SrRuO3/SrIrO3) and asymmetric interfaces (SrTiO3/SrRuO3/SrIrO3). Symmetric structures exhibit an interface-tunable single-channel anomalous Hall effect, while ultrathin SrRuO3 embedded in asymmetric structures shows humplike features consistent with multiple Hall contributions. The band topology of two-dimensional SrRuO3 proposed here naturally accounts for these observations and harmonizes a large body of experimental results. |
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Thesis |
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Wos |
000603642700008 |
Publication Date |
2020-06-25 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2643-1564 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
| Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
58 |
Open Access |
OpenAccess |
| Notes |
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; European Research Council; Horizon 2020, 677458 770887 731473 ; Fondazione Cariplo, 2013-0726 ; Narodowe Centrum Nauki, 2016/23/B/ST3/00839 ; Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej; Universiteit Antwerpen; Vlaamse regering; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:172462 |
Serial |
6401 |
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| Author |
Salvadó, N.; Butí, S.; Pradell, T.; Beltran, V.; Cinque, G.; Juanhuix, J. |
| Title |
Identification and distribution of metal soaps and oxalates in oil and tempera paint layers in fifteenth-century altarpieces using synchrotron radiation Techniques |
Type |
H1 Book chapter |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
195-210
T2 - Metal soaps in art : conservation and |
| Keywords |
H1 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
The formation and distribution of metal soaps produced as a result of the reactivity and aging of the materials in a fifteenth-century egg tempera and oil paintings on wood are presented. The painting technique involves the application of several paint layers over a ground using, sometimes in the same paint layer sequence, drying oil and egg yolk binders. We show, with a selection of examples, how the use of thin sections and a combination of various micro-sensitive analytical techniques is adequate to obtain the high-quality data necessary for the unambiguous identification of metal soaps and metal oxalates as well as their distribution in the paint layers. The techniques include micro infrared spectroscopy (μSR-FTIR) and micro X-ray diffraction (μSR-XRD) with synchrotron radiation, optical microscopy (OM), and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The data obtained sheds light about the underlying reaction and aging mechanisms happening in each paint layer and among them. This helps to define the state of conservation of the artworks. |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
2019-03-23 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISBN |
978-3-319-90616-4; 2366-6226; 978-3-319-90617-1 |
Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:172891 |
Serial |
8051 |
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| Author |
Hendrickx, M. |
| Title |
Study of the effect of cation substitution on the local structure and the properties of perovskites and Li-ion battery cathode materials |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
208 p. |
| Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:173128 |
Serial |
6618 |
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| Author |
Vermeiren, V. |
| Title |
Chemical kinetics modeling of non-equilibrium and thermal effects in vibrationally active CO2 plasmas |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
207 p. |
| Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:173385 |
Serial |
6468 |
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| Author |
Uytdenhouwen, Y. |
| Title |
Tuning the performance of a DBD plasma reactor for CO2 reforming |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
303 p. |
| Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:174026 |
Serial |
6774 |
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| Author |
Jafarzadeh, A. |
| Title |
First-principle studies of plasma-catalyst interactions for greenhouse gas conversion |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
163 p. |
| Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:174073 |
Serial |
6765 |
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| Author |
Gielis, J.; Caratelli, D.; Tavkhelidze, I. |
| Title |
The general case of cutting GML bodies : the geometrical solution |
Type |
H1 Book chapter |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
397-411
T2 - Differential and difference equations |
| Keywords |
H1 Book chapter; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
2020-10-21 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISBN |
978-3-030-56322-6 |
Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:174477 |
Serial |
7991 |
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| Author |
Tavkhelidze, I.; Gielis, J.; Pinelas, S. |
| Title |
About some methods of analytic representation and classification of a wide set of geometric figures with “complex” configuration |
Type |
H1 Book chapter |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
347-359
T2 - Differential and difference equations |
| Keywords |
H1 Book chapter; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
2020-10-21 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISBN |
978-3-030-56322-6 |
Additional Links |
UA library record |
| Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:174479 |
Serial |
7407 |
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| Author |
Van Schoubroeck, S. |
| Title |
A techno-sustainability assessment framework : indicator selection and integrated method for sustainability analysis of biobased chemicals |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
195 p. |
| Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Engineering Management (ENM) |
| Abstract |
Biobased chemistry has gained interest and has the potential to tackle some of the sustainability challenges the chemical industry must endure. Sustainability impacts need to be evaluated and monitored to highlight the advantages and pitfalls of different biobased routes over the product life cycle. A better understanding of the potential sustainability of emerging biobased technologies and products is essential to guide additional research and further technology development. This PhD thesis aims to develop a framework for a techno-sustainability assessment (TSA), while accounting for technological as well as economic, environmental, and social aspects in an integrated approach. First, a review of the state-of-the-art sustainability indicators for biobased chemicals was conducted and a gap analysis was performed to identify indicator development needs. Afterwards, a Delphi study was performed to select sustainability indicators specifically for biobased chemical assessment and to reach consensus among experts on a prioritization of these indicators. Next, the selected sustainability indicators were quantified while integrating technological and country-specific data with environmental characterization factors, economic values and social data. Finally, a stochastic, hierarchical multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) integrates the independent techno-sustainability indicators expressed in different units, taking into account stochastic and flexible method options. The developed integrated TSA framework was applied to a case for which a production and harvesting plant of microalgae-based food colorants is assessed. The final aim of the integrated TSA is to compare the potential sustainability performance of different scenarios and to make better-informed choices between alternatives by evaluating environmental, economic and social sustainability impacts in one holistic model. Integrated TSA offers a novel framework where decision makers can assess sustainability already in early technology development stages by identifying potential hurdles and opportunities to guide R&D and make sustainable investment decisions. |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:174826 |
Serial |
6947 |
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| Author |
Ranjbar, S. |
| Title |
Mathematical model of plasma therapy on bacterial growth |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
95 p. |
| Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
| Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:175471 |
Serial |
6768 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Legrand, S. |
| Title |
Advanced chemical imaging of artworks |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
315 p. |
| Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
| Abstract |
Last century the field of heritage sciences expanded beyond imagination. The inventions of X-ray radiography and infrared reflectography allowed experts to investigate paintings below the surface as well. More recent developments led to the advent of the field of hyperspectral imaging, to which the advanced chemical imaging methods, used in this thesis work, belong. These techniques not only allow to identify the components present in artworks, but also to visualize their distribution over these objects. The resulting distribution maps permit a broader public to interpret the scientific data and to relate these results with the artwork itself. During this thesis work a range of flat artworks were investigated in a non-destructive manner using mainly two macroscopic imaging techniques: macroscopic X-ray fluorescence scanning and macroscopic Fourier transformed mid-infrared scanning in reflectance mode. The resulting images were sometimes supplemented with microscopic techniques on a minute selection of samples to fully understand the layer build-up, composition and distribution of these materials over the stratigraphy. Illuminated manuscripts pushed the interpretation of the macroscopic imaging techniques: due to the impossibility of sampling, all answers had to be obtained non-destructively. Documenting masterpieces such as the Ghent Altarpiece by means of chemical imaging techniques, helped the restoration team, assisted by the international commission to make the daring decision of manually removing the non-original paint layers. Scanning stained-glass windows allowed experts to document the panels, create situation reports, identify later infills and guide the restoration process in a more efficient manner. By initially applying non-destructive imaging techniques, many of the research/conservation questions could already be answered. Based on the resulting distribution maps, only a very limited amount of sampling was required to obtain a representative set to answer the remaining questions. In most cases the combination of multiple methods was necessary to fully understand the situation. A similar trend could be seen in the research field: the collaboration between divergent disciples was often required in order to explain all observations. In order to completely break through, the scanning speed of these techniques has to increase even more in order to cover an acceptable surface in one workday. Parallel with the operational speed, the (basic) data treatment should also be streamlined more in order to allow a broader user group to access the results. Once these two improvements are carried out, these techniques become accessible to a larger public. |
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Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:176342 |
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7420 |
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| Author |
Rivera Julio, J. |
| Title |
Cálculos ab initio de sistemas 2D y de baja dimensionalidad |
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Doctoral thesis |
| Year |
2021 |
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137 p. |
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Doctoral thesis; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT) |
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Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:176996 |
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6718 |
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Saviuc, I. |
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Assessment of electric residential microgrids in the EU context : role of energy storage, interactions with the main grid, and policy scenarios |
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Doctoral thesis |
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2021 |
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158 p. |
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Doctoral thesis; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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As decentralized electricity generation plays an important role in the reform of the energy system in the EU, electric residential microgrids merit an assessment of their position and potential. The work on this dissertation focuses on the synergy between the development of microgrids that are powered by PV panels, and the adoption of energy storage, with the aim to identify shortcomings and propose solutions. Techno-economic assessment indicates that, for a microgrid that aims to maximize its self-consumption, the electricity pricing mechanisms that are current practice across the EU are detrimental to the economic viability of using energy storage. Case studies and simulations in Belgium, Greece, Denmark, Italy, Finland, Spain and Germany show conclusively how existing tariff structures (Net-Metering, Time-of-Use, Feed-in Tariff, with or without the option of a Capacity tariff) are suitable for stimulating renewable generation, but not storage. Another underlying reason that affects the economic viability of a residential microgrid in the current context relates to the technology losses, which cannot be compensated by electricity pricing mechanisms. Having established the need for a different approach in order to improve the economic viability of microgrids with storage, this work investigated whether a form of direct support to the microgrid operator can be envisioned. A cost-benefit analysis revealed that the benefits coming from decentralized energy generation toward the main electricity grid can be compared with the cost of including and operating energy storage, and therefore a direct support from the network operator and the public can be justified in order to attain the economic viability of a microgrid with storage. This way, the electricity network can benefit from an increased number of flexible, enriched microgrids within the system, the microgrid operators are incentivized to include energy storage, and the society contributes towards a sturdier energy supply with more engaged prosumers and less polluting emissions. Entrepreneurial diversity: a career motives’ perspective – Ilse D |
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Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:177112 |
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6915 |
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Marchetti, A. |
| Title |
Novel insights and approaches for the analytical characterization of tangible cultural heritage objects |
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Doctoral thesis |
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2021 |
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333 p. |
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Doctoral thesis; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Cultural heritage represents the vehicle of our cultural identity, handed over from past to future generations throughout human history. As a repository of fundamental cultural and social values, the preservation of all forms of cultural heritage is a responsibility of every society and of humankind as a whole. When it comes to tangible cultural heritage, preservation of heritage translates into preservation of objects and, therefore, of the materials they are constituted of. This crucial task relies heavily on the application of scientific analytical methods to answer material and conservation-related questions. The fundamental contribution of this analytical approach led, in the past decades, to an ever-deepening understanding of the factors governing the degradation of cultural heritage. However, the extreme complexity of the heritage object-environment system results in a massive research field, which inevitably presents relevant open questions. This is where the present PhD work comes into play, attempting to fill knowledge gaps in literature by starting from specific case studies and un-answered research questions. The multianalytical research conducted during this PhD unraveled fundamental information on the properties governing the reactivity and long-term behavior of different classes of materials, from α-brass in an indoor environment to artists’ pigments in the presence of light, moisture and soluble particulate matter (PM). The paramount importance of the synthesis conditions on the composition, physical properties and reactivity of heritage materials was also demonstrated, in particular for stable lead pyroantimonate and unstable Geranium lake artists’ pigments. Moreover, the study and characterization of specific heritage objects, namely a series of 16th century reliquary altarpieces and the painting L’Arlesienne, by Vincent Van Gogh, allowed to obtain relevant insights into their composition and on potential risks for their conservation. The challenging nature of the samples considered, created the perfect opportunity to test an innovative spectroscopic technique, optical photo-thermal IR (O-PTIR), for the characterization of heritage materials. Striking results were obtained, highlighting a great potential for the application of this non-destructive sub-micron molecular spectroscopy to the analysis of cultural heritage. Finally, in the last section of this work, strategies to implement the continuous monitoring of PM levels in indoor environmental quality studies were also considered, with a particular focus on the identification of environmental hazards for the collections housed in specific conservation environments (War Heritage Institute in Brussels and St. Martin’s church in Aalst, BE). |
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Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:177849 |
Serial |
8319 |
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Admasu, W.F. |
| Title |
Socioeconomic and environmental impact of expropriation of agricultural land for urbanisation in Ethiopia |
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Doctoral thesis |
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2021 |
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162 p. |
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Doctoral thesis; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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Globally, incorporation of agricultural lands into the urban boundary has been a common phenomenon. Governments use various alternatives to access the required land, including land expropriation procedures, which refers to the compulsorily taking of land from the landholders without their consent by paying compensation. In Ethiopia, the urban population is growing rapidly which resulted into an increase in the demand for urban land for housing construction, public services provision, and infrastructure developments. As the Ethiopian constitution prohibits sale of landholders, governments, at various levels, have been expropriating land from the surrounding farmers to meet the demand for urban land. The general objective of this thesis is to improve the understanding of the impacts of local land deals for urbanization on socioeconomics of farmers and the environment. The findings of this thesis revealed that there are gaps in the current practices of land expropriation for urban expansion that should be improved. The results showed that the compensation paid to the affected farmers is found to be economically inappropriate, i.e., not enough to restore the affected farmers’ livelihoods, in contrast with the land laws that allows a compensation amount that would put previous land users in a better or the same wellbeing as before the land expropriation. In addition, it is indicated that the land expropriation process does not take into account the value of ecosystem services, which are benefits obtain from the land, and important for the wellbeing of the society. We conclude that while land expropriation is an important tool to obtain land from the landholders when it is needed for public purposes, the practices in the study area show it is adversely affecting the socioeconomics of farmers and the environment. |
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Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:177909 |
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6944 |
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Daems, E. |
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Shaping up oligonucleotides : aptamer-target recognition investigated by native mass spectrometry |
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Doctoral thesis |
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2021 |
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235 p. |
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Doctoral thesis; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Aptamers are short, synthetic DNA or RNA molecules that are characterized by a specific 3D conformation which enables specific target recognition. Aptamers are promising tools in many application fields from sensing to therapeutics. One of the major challenges in the aptamer field is understanding the relationship between the sequence and what determines the higher-order structure and specific interactions with targets. Therefore, this PhD thesis focuses on the use of different mass spectrometry (MS) based approaches to characterize aptamers and their interactions. Several of these approaches are already widely applied to study other biomolecules, such as proteins, but are still largely unexplored for aptamers and oligonucleotides in general. A first focus was put on obtaining information on the higher-order structure and conformational stability of aptamers using a combination of MS and with ion mobility (IM) spectrometry by performing collision-induced unfolding (CIU) experiments. CIU was shown to hold great promise to analyze the conformational dynamics and gas-phase stabilities of aptamers. Next, the capabilities and limitations of native IM-MS for the analysis of noncovalent interactions of aptamers were demonstrated. The conformational behavior and interactions of cocaine-binding aptamers were studied and it was found that relative binding affinities of aptamers that only differ slightly in sequence and structure can be determined using native MS. Moreover, native IM-MS allowed the detection of small conformational changes upon binding of a target, which were found to be dependent on the binding mode of the aptamer. An adaptive binding mechanism was suggested for flexible aptamers that require more reorganization upon binding. In the final part of this thesis, the importance of thoroughly characterizing and validating aptamer-target interactions before using them in an application was emphasized. Moreover, the gathered insights were applied in our own development of a proof-of-concept aptamer-based sensor. This was shown by investigating the interactions of ampicillin aptamers which were found to not bind the target they were selected for in the first place. A multi-analytical approach combining complementary techniques was used for this purpose since no single technique is generally applicable to characterize all aptamers and their interactions and to obtain a comprehensive picture of the aptamer-target interactions. Furthermore, such multi-analytical approach was used to characterize a testosterone-binding aptamer while developing an aptamer-based electrochemiluminescent sensing strategy for this target. This shows the importance of native MS, in combination with other techniques, to thoroughly understand the aptamer-target interactions in the development of a designed application. |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:178116 |
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8517 |
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Cong, S. |
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Numerical study on low-pressure hollow cathode argon arc plasma |
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Doctoral thesis |
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2021 |
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XIX, 126 p. |
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Doctoral thesis; Philosophy; Educational sciences; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT) |
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The low-pressure hollow cathode discharge made of a hollow circular tube and an anode is a type of simple structure discharge system. In particular, under the arc discharge mode, hollow cathodes have high plasma density and energy density with a wide range of adaptability of pressure and current. Low-pressure hollow cathode arc (HCA) discharges have been widely used as plasma sources in various fields such as manufacturing, vacuum welding, and aerospace since the 1960s. Despite the early experimental and applied researches on low-pressure HCA discharges, the basic theoretical study was relatively lagged much behind, resulting in many unanswered questions, such as the optimal discharge operating parameters, the power deposition inside the cathode, the causes of plasma instability, and how to effectively reduce cathode erosion and so on. Due to the special discharge structure of the hollow cathode, it is difficult to make an accurate experimental diagnosis, so a reasonable numerical simulation is an effective study method. However, up to now, there is still a lack of complete and effective numerical models which can evaluate various physical fields in the low-pressure hollow cathode discharges. To address the above problems and difficulties, a comprehensive and self-consistent 2D multi-physical coupling numerical model based on a commercial program of finite element method, the COMSOL Multiphysics, was provided in this paper. The model involves plasma transport, arc flow and heat transfer, and cathode thermal equilibrium, and can consider the effect of an applied magnetic field. The processes of secondary electron emission, thermal-field electron emission, ions and backflow high-energy electrons bombardment, and thermal radiation from the cathode surface are considered in the cathode thermal equilibrium process. Based on the above background, this paper works from the following aspects： In Chapter 1, the basic concepts of low-pressure HCA discharge including the hollow cathode effect, the basic characteristics, and operation modes were introduced firstly; Secondly, the application fields, development history, and overseas and domestic research status of hollow cathode discharge were reviewed; finally, the problems were presented and the research background was explained, and the research purpose of this paper was clarified. In Chapter 2, a complete and self-consistent numerical model of low-pressure hollow cathode discharge was proposed based on the fundamental theory and assumptions, and the set of control equations and boundary conditions in the model were elaborated. In addition, the electron energy distribution function, the collision processes, the solving tools of this model, and calculation schemes were introduced in detail. Finally, a validation example was given to test the rationality and applicability of the numerical model. In Chapter 3, the fundamental plasma properties of low-pressure hollow cathode arcs were investigated. Firstly, the ion Joule heating effect was studied. The results showed that the temperature distributions of the arc and cathode are only able to approach the experimental measurements after considering the ion Joule heating, which shows that the Joule heating of ions is crucial for the heating of the arc plasma. Secondly, by comparing the radial distribution of electron and ion density inside the cathode, the structure of the cathode sheath could be simulated well using this model. Finally, it was shown that the thermal radiation from the cathode surface is an important cooling mechanism of the cathode and only under higher surface emissivity can balance the larger heat flow given by the plasma to the cathode, and the temperature distribution of the cathode shows a non-monotonic increasing trend and is consistent with the profile of experimental measurement so that the so-called active zone is formed. In Chapter 4, the power deposition in the low-pressure HCA was studied in simulation. Two main aspects were considered: the power deposition into particles (both electrons and heavy particles) and the power deposition onto the cathode. It was found that the deposited power into particles increases with the rise of discharge current, but there is no effect on the total power deposition onto the cathode. In high-density plasmas, Coulomb collisions between electrons and ions also become very important, especially since a portion of the deposition energy on heavy particles comes mainly from the energy transfer from electrons to ions. It was also found that regardless of external parameters, half of the power deposition onto the cathode always comes from the particle contribution, while the other half is the net contribution of heat transfer and cathode radiation. The HCA model also allows the simulation of multiple discharge modes for low-pressure HCA discharges over a wide range of gas flow rates. It was also shown that the discharge operating conditions and the external magnetic field can change the distribution of the particle flow on the cathode wall. In Chapter 5, the ion sputtering erosion process on the cathode was simulated by coupling the HCA numerical model with the moving grid technique. The results showed that the ion sputtering erosion on the cathode depends on the ion flux and the plasma potential near the cathode wall and that their distribution and magnitude jointly determine the erosion morphology of the cathode. It was also found that the location of the most severe erosion on the cathode is located in the region of the densest ion flux on the cathode wall, rather than in the longitudinal correspondence with the central region of the internal positive column (IPC). The external magnetic fields can mitigate the cathode erosion and reduce the erosion depth, but stronger magnetic fields lead to a concentration of current density at the cathode tip, which can enhance erosion slightly at the cathode outlet end. Finally, the conclusions and innovation highlights were summarized, and prospects for future work were discussed. |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:178725 |
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8323 |
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Gielis, J.; Shi, P.; Beirinckx, B.; Caratelli, D.; Ricci, P.E. |
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Lamé-Gielis curves in biology and geometry |
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P3 Proceeding |
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2021 |
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P3 Proceeding; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:178828 |
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8145 |
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Skorikov, A. |
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Fast approaches for investigating 3D elemental distribution in nanomaterials |
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Doctoral thesis |
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2021 |
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143 p. |
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Doctoral thesis; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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UA @ admin @ c:irua:178855 |
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6795 |
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De Weerdt, L. |
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An inquiry into the market acceptance of circular plastics |
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Doctoral thesis |
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2021 |
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xii, 154 p. |
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Doctoral thesis; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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Closing material loops and reducing resource extraction is considered to be the foundation of the circular economy that delivers environmental gains. Today, certain materials with large environmental impacts, such as plastics, are placed high on the circularity agenda. In this thesis, the market acceptance of circular plastics is analyzed. Firstly, the current – mostly linear – market for plastics in the European Union is analyzed. We find that market failure and uncertainties lead to postponed and scaled down private investments in recycling facilities for plastics. As a consequence, we conclude the failing and uncertain market needs government intervention. Secondly, potential government interventions that alleviate the market failure and reduce the present uncertainties are analyzed. Government intervention can be either incentive-based or regulatory-based. The Flemish government already acts as an incentivizer. For more than two decades already, a tax is levied on the incineration of plastic waste. We find that this tax reduces industrial plastic waste generation, but fails to elicit investments in recycling facilities. Regulatory-based policies are expected to gain in importance in the pursuit of a circular economy. Indeed, in the European Commission’s latest circularity action plan, a policy to mandate the use of recycled plastics is signaled. Mandating the use of recycled plastics can enable the circularity of plastics effectively. However, it would also generate a shock wave on the market, especially because, i.a. the implementation time of such a policy is uncertain. We investigate how firms can invest optimally in the use of recycled plastics under the presence of policy uncertainty. We conclude that the European market will be able to successfully adopt circular plastics. However, stimulating policies, both incentive-based and regulatory-based, turn out to be essential in this adoption process. Therefore, there will be a need for a combination of policies in order to prevent the incessant mass single-use consumption of plastics, which harms the environment. |
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| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:178913 |
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6930 |
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Bjørnåvold, A. |
| Title |
Unlocking lock-in : accelerating socio-technical transitions to sustainability |
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Doctoral thesis |
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2021 |
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189 p. |
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Doctoral thesis; Linguistics; Engineering Management (ENM) |
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Achieving global sustainability goals will require cleaner and cheaper technologies. Public policy is central to achieving these goals and, in turn, ensuring a quicker pace of change. A major obstacle lies in the fact that technologies cannot be considered isolated entities: they are embedded in a powerful social context of cultural, organisational and institutional systems. This intertwining of different elements is referred to as a socio-technical system. This thesis discusses how socio-technical systems have, over time, allowed locked-in configurations to emerge, referring to a combination of systematic forces that perpetuate unsustainable infrastructures embedded in society. Such lock-ins can inhibit innovation and competitiveness of low-carbon and sustainable technologies, and this thesis looks to concrete solutions for unlocking them. Vital to this objective lies better understanding preferences, intentions, and behaviour of actors involved at each stage of technological development to improve public policy design. A discrete choice experiment – a quantitative non-market valuation method – was, therefore, a core method used to model preferences of key target groups. Target groups considered in the four components of the thesis include i) industry players, ii) policymakers, iii) farmers, and iv) the general public in Belgium, France, Germany, Italy and Spain. The thesis seeks to establish how both economic and regulatory instruments can be leveraged to overcome lock-in. One conclusion sees that implementing an efficient environmental tax regime – an economic instrument – requires balancing political feasibility and public acceptance considerations in line with tax and environmental policy. Results indicate that public acceptance for environmental taxation increases with earmarking. Another conclusion highlights the importance of taking behavioural and habitual considerations into account – both when considering policymakers’ investment decisions, and farmers’ decisions to adopting agro-ecological practices when responding to regulatory instruments. Overall, policy design should emphasise a more continuous and systemic approach to innovation and technology policy on the road to accelerating socio-technical transitions to sustainability. |
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978-90-5728-692-6 |
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Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:179247 |
Serial |
6949 |
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| Author |
Du, K. |
| Title |
In situ TEM study on the manipulation of ferroelectrics |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
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Issue |
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Pages |
91 p. |
| Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
| Abstract |
The strong correlated oxide systems attract a lot of attentions of scientists recently, the coexistence and interplay between various degrees of freedom, such as charge, spin and orbital, has been demonstrated to induce some fancy physical properties and phenomenon, including metal-insulator transition, high temperature superconductivity, colossal magnetoresistance. As a part of the strong correlated oxide systems, the ferroelectrics is abundant in both physical properties and application. First, if the electric dipole continuously rotating around a stable core then a topological structure is produced. If people could manipulate the topological structure and simultaneously observe the structure evolution, with external field applied on the topological structure, then it is very likely for such kind of ferroelectrics to be the next generation of storage, for it is reported to need low power input and produce high density of storage. In the other hand, in solids, charge polarity can one-to-one correspond to spin polarity phenomenologically, such as ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism, antiferroelectricity and antiferromagnetism, but ferrielectricity and ferrimagnetism kept telling a disparate story in microscopic level. The claimed “ferrielectrics” in existing research is equivalent to ferroelectric ones, thus the findings of such a real irreducible solids would complete the last piece of the ferroelectrics family. While solving the above two questions remain challengeable: the size of topological structure is small (typically below 10 nm), general characterization methods are insufficient for such high demand on space resolution, not to mention manipulating and observing its dynamic behavior at an atomic level. Here, employing the spherical aberration corrected electron microscope, we applied external field (heating and bias) on ferroelectrics. Combined with high-end characterization methods including the high-angle annular dark field (HAADF-STEM) image, Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) and integrated differential phase contrast (iDPC), the dynamic evolution of ferroelectrics are observed and analyzed. The main findings of this paper could be concluded as listed here: (1) PbTiO3(001)// SrTiO3(001) is grown on DyScO3 and SrRuO3 by pusled laser deposition, the atomical EDS mapping results reveal that the interface between PTO and STO is atomically sharp. Increasing the thickness of PTO from 1 uc to 21 uc, the topological structure wihtin PTO layer would transform from a/c domain to wave, vortex and finally flux closure domain. The geometric phase analysis results (GPA) reveal that above topological structures are corresponding to various strain. (2) Combined with in-situ biasing holder, the electric bias was applied on polar vortex, and it evolved from vortex (0 V) to polar wave (2 V) and finally polar down (5 V). EELS analysis was performed and we find that negative charge is gathered at vortex core, which turns the Ti4+ to Ti3+ there. The oxygen vacancy at negative polarization surface and the negative charge at the positive polarization surface realized the polarization screening of polar down domain. (3) Through the atomic inspection and analysis on lattice structure of BaFe2Se3, the near ladders within single unit are found to be different in degree of tetramerization, thus leading to a residual polarization along the a-axis. The further in-situ heating and biasing experiment was conducted on BaFe2Se3, and the strong and weak ladders are proved to be independent for their behavior under external field. This findings distinguishes ferrielectrics from ferroelectrics in solids. |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:179310 |
Serial |
6842 |
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| Author |
De wael, A. |
| Title |
Model-based quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy for measuring dynamic structural changes at the atomic scale |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| Year |
2021 |
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Pages |
xiv, 146 p. |
| Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
| Abstract |
Nanomaterialen kunnen uiterst interessante eigenschappen vertonen voor een verscheidenheid aan veelbelovende toepassingen, gaande van zonnecrème tot batterijen voor elektrische auto’s. Een nanometer is een miljard keer kleiner dan een meter. Op deze schaal kunnen de materiaaleigenschappen volledig verschillen van bulkmaterialen op grotere schaal. Bovendien hangen de eigenschappen van nanomaterialen sterk af van hun exacte grootte en vorm. Kleine verschillen in de posities van de atomen, in de grootte-orde van een picometer (nog eens duizend maal kleiner dan een nanometer), kunnen de fysische eigenschappen al drastisch beïnvloeden. Daarom is een betrouwbare kwantificering van de atomaire structuur van kritisch belang om de evolutie naar materiaalontwerp mogelijk te maken en inzicht te verwerven in de relatie tussen de fysische eigenschappen en de structuur van nanomaterialen. Daarnaast kan de atomaire structuur van nanomaterialen ook veranderen in de loop van de tijd ten gevolge van verschillende fysische processen. Het onderzoek dat in deze thesis gepresenteerd wordt, maakt het mogelijk om de dynamische structuurveranderingen van nanomaterialen betrouwbaar te kwantificeren op atomaire schaal door gebruik te maken van raster transmissie elektronenmicroscopie (STEM). Ik heb dit gerealiseerd door methodes te ontwikkelen waarmee ik het aantal atomen “achter elkaar” kan tellen in elke atoomkolom van een nanomateriaal, en dit op basis van beelden opgenomen met een elektronenmicroscoop. Een belangrijk verschil met telmethodes voor de analyse van een enkel beeld is het schatten van de kans dat een atoomkolom atomen zal verliezen of bijkrijgen van het ene naar het andere beeld in de tijdreeks. Deze kwantitatieve methode kan het ontrafelen van de tijdsafhankelijke structuur-eigenschappen relatie van een nanomateriaal mogelijk maken, wat uiteindelijk kan leiden tot efficiënter design en productie van nanomaterialen voor innovatieve toepassingen. |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:179514 |
Serial |
6870 |
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| Author |
de Barros, A.G.; Hasheminejad, N.; Kampen, J.K.; Vanlanduit, S.; Vuye, C. |
| Title |
Noise barriers as a road traffic noise intervention in an urban environment |
Type |
P1 Proceeding |
| Year |
2021 |
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1-10 |
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P1 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM); Condensed Matter Theory (CMT); Energy and Materials in Infrastructure and Buildings (EMIB); Social Epidemiology & Health Policy (SEHPO) |
| Abstract |
Intending to tackle road traffic noise in urban environments, noise barriers have been proven to effectively reduce environmental noise levels, leading to positive effects on noise perception by the exposed population. This work assesses the impacts of replacing an obsolete noise barrier in a site near a highway. The effects of this change were monitored via a combination of field surveys, acoustic measurements and noise maps. The results have shown that even though the barrier replacement led to a 4.1 dB reduction in the LA,eq,(15 min.), the annoyance levels of the respondents increased. Possibly, the expectations regarding the improvement of the noise barrier were not met, after a history of complaints. Additionally, existing exposure-response relationships were not successful in predicting the annoyance levels in this particular case. In this dataset, noise annoyance presented a weak link with reported health problems, while a strong correlation was found with the comfort level to perform activities outdoors. Questions regarding the COVID-19 pandemic showed that even though the respondents were spending more time at home, they were less annoyed due to road traffic noise in the period when circulation restrictions were in place. |
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978-989-53387-0-2 |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
| Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:180105 |
Serial |
7004 |
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