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Potgieter-Vermaak, S.; Maledi, N.; Wagner, N.; van Heerden, J.H.P.; Van Grieken, R.; Potgieter, J.H. |
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Title |
Raman spectroscopy for the analysis of coal : a review |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Journal of Raman spectroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
123-129 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
The advances in the characterization of amorphous carbons by Raman spectroscopy over the last four decades are of interest to many industries, especially those involving the combustion, gasification and pyrolysis of coal. Many researchers report on the Raman character of the natural organic matter in carbon-containing compounds, such as coal, and relate the Raman bands to the structural order of the amorphous carbons. The basis of most of these studies evolved around the assignment of the G (graphitic, ∼1580 cm−1) band to crystalline graphite and any other bands, called D bands, (disorder, various from 1100 to 1500 cm−1) to any type of structural disorder in the graphitic structure. Concerning coal analysis, the information gained by Raman investigations has been used to describe char evolution as a function of temperature, the presence of catalysts and different gasification conditions. In addition, researchers looked at maturation, grade, doppleritization and many more aspects of interest. One aspect that has, however, not been addressed by most of the researchers is the natural inorganic matter (NIM) in the carbon-containing compounds. Micro-Raman spectroscopy (MRS) has many advantages over other characterization tools, i.e. in situ analysis, nondestructive, no sample preparation, low detection limit, micrometer-scale characterization, versatility and sensitivity to many amorphous compounds. With the distinct advantages it has over that of other molecular characterization tools, such as powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy with X-ray detection (SEM/EDS), it is surprising that it has not yet been fully exploited up to this point for the characterization of the NIM in coal and other amorphous carbons. This paper reviews the work published on the Raman characterization of the natural organic matter (NOM) of coals and reports on preliminary results of the NIM character of various South African coals, whereby various inorganic compounds and minerals in the coal have been characterized. |
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Wos |
000288543000001 |
Publication Date |
2010-03-11 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0377-0486 |
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UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:87024 |
Serial |
8452 |
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Author |
Van Grieken, R.; Worobiec, A. |
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Title |
X-ray spectrometry for preventive conservation of cultural heritage |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Pramåna: a journal of physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
72 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
191-200 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP) |
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Abstract |
Analytical chemistry does play a key role in the chemical characterization of the environment and it appears that X-ray spectrometry, in its many forms, is one of the most relevant analytical techniques in preventive conservation, as it is in cultural heritage research in general. X-ray spectrometry has indeed been the method of choice for the characterization of the inorganic composition of atmospheric aerosols, for a long time. We have, over the last decade, intensively used various forms of X-ray spectrometry, viz., mostly energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence, e.g. with polarized high-energy beam excitation, and automated electron probe X-ray microanalysis, together with other techniques, to identify particle types and their sources in indoor environments, including museums, while gaseous indoor pollutants were assessed using passive diffusion samplers. In each case, both bulk aerosols and individual aerosol particles were studied. For microanalysis of single particles, we have investigated a dozen techniques, but for wide, real-life applications, automated electron probe X-ray microanalysis is the most rewarding. We have first studied atmospheric aerosols in and around the Correr Museum in Venice, many other museums in Austria, Japan and England, and in the caves with prehistoric rock paintings in Altamira, Spain. Very recently, measurements were done in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York and theWawel Castle in Cracow, in Italian and Polish mountain churches, in a number of museums in Belgium and the Netherlands, and in cathedrals with medieval stained glass windows. In the Correr museum, it appeared that the particles most threatening for the Bellini paintings were released by the deteriorating plaster renderings, and this could be avoided by simply improving the rendering on the museum walls. In the Wawel Castle, outdoor pollution particles, like fine soot from diesel traffic, entering via leaks in the windows and doors, and also street-deicing salts and coal burning pollution particles, brought in by visitors, mostly in winter, were found to be most worrisome. Urgent questions that are not solved at this moment pertain to the deposition processes from the atmosphere to the cultural heritage items, the critical surface interactions that take place on these items, and the establishment of suitable particle concentration standards. |
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Wos |
000288861000002 |
Publication Date |
2011-05-20 |
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ISSN |
0304-4289; 0973-7111 |
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UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:87025 |
Serial |
8785 |
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Author |
Huyskens, C.; Brauns, E.; van Hoof, E.; Diels, L.; de Wever, H. |
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Title |
Validation of a supervisory control system for energy savings in membrane bioreactors |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Water research |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
45 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1443-1453 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
The application of fixed operational protocols and settings for membrane bioreactors (MBR) often leads to suboptimal filtration conditions due to the dynamic nature of mixed liquor characteristics. With regard to process optimization and energy savings, the potential benefits of a dynamic control system, enabling to adapt fouling control actions (ACS outputs) in an automated way to the actual mixed liquor fouling propensity, are thus obvious. In this paper, the pilot-scale validation of such an advanced control system (ACS) is elaborated. A specific on-line fouling measurement method, the MBR-VFM (VITO Fouling Measurement), was used for the evaluation of the mixed liquors reversible fouling propensity, which was used as a primary ACS input parameter. A first series of tests with a gradual increase in complexity of the selected input and output parameters indicated the functionality of the ACS and demonstrated a substantial reduction of aeration, however sometimes at the expense of a higher fouling rate. The ACS was further fine-tuned and subsequently tested for a longer period under more dynamic operating conditions. A significant correlation was found between the reversible fouling potential measured by the MBR-VFM and the on-line permeability, indicating that the MBR-VFM is a suitable ACS input. Furthermore, an average 22% reduction in aeration flow to the membranes could be achieved without any obvious negative effect on filtration performance. This indicates that this approach is promising to optimize energy consumption in MBRs. |
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000287054500047 |
Publication Date |
2010-11-11 |
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ISSN |
0043-1354; 1879-2448 |
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UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:88400 |
Serial |
8728 |
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Author |
Huyskens, C.; Brauns, E.; van Hoof, E.; de Wever, H. |
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Title |
A new method for the evaluation of the reversible and irreversible fouling propensity of MBR mixed liquor |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Journal of membrane science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
323 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
185-192 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
In this paper, a new fouling measurement method is presented as a pragmatic approach to determine a mixed liquor's fouling propensity. The MBR-VFM (VITO Fouling Measurement) uses a specific measurement protocol consisting of alternating filtration and physical cleaning steps, which enables the calculation of both the reversible and the irreversible fouling resistances. The MBR-VFM principle, set-up and measurement protocol are described as well as the evaluation of the fouling measurement method. Finally, the MBR-VFM was validated by comparing the fouling propensity measured on-line by the MBR-VFM in a lab-scale MBR with the fouling of the MBR membranes themselves. Our experiments indicated that the MBR-VFM can accurately measure fouling and that it can even be detected earlier than can be seen from the on-line filtration data of the lab-scale system itself. Furthermore, the differences measured in reversible and irreversible fouling seemed to be related to the observed impact of physical and chemical cleaning respectively. Therefore, the application of the MBR-VFM as an on-line sensor in an advanced control system, enabling the deployment of the measured fouling data for the control of membrane cleaning, seems feasible and will be tested in the near future. |
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Wos |
000258904600023 |
Publication Date |
2008-06-20 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0376-7388 |
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UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:88401 |
Serial |
8303 |
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Author |
Mishra, V.K.; Dons, E.; Panis, L.I.; Frijns, E.; van Poppel, M.; Berghmans, P.; Bleux, N.; Wuyts, K.; Samson, R. |
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Title |
Understanding ultrafine particles dynamics within a one km urban grid |
Type |
P3 Proceeding |
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Year |
2010 |
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Keywords |
P3 Proceeding; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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UA library record |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:88671 |
Serial |
8709 |
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Author |
de Baere, K.; Verstraelen, H.; Lemmens, L.; Lenaerts, S.; Potters, G. |
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Title |
In situ study of the parameters quantifying the corrosion in ballast tanks and an evaluation of improving alternative |
Type |
P3 Proceeding |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
An in situ study of more than 100 ballast tanks of merchant marine vessels looks to the corrosion process in these tanks from another perspective. The developed corrosion model shows major similarities with earlier studies based on laboratory experiments. The field work exposes the influence of ship construction parameters such as land of construction, coating type and the presence of sacrificial anodes on the corrosion process in the ballast tanks. Possible alternatives for vessels constructed with ordinary grade A steel and coated according to IMO PSPC standards are presented, even though further research is required to come to final conclusions. |
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UA library record |
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Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:88937 |
Serial |
5965 |
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Author |
Bondarenko, I.; van Espen, P.; Treiger, B.; Van Grieken, R.; Adams, F. |
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Title |
Classification of coal mine dust particles through fuzzy clustering of their energy-dispersive electron microprobe X-ray spectra |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Microbeam analysis |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue |
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Pages |
33-37 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3) |
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ISSN |
1061-3420 |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:8916 |
Serial |
7667 |
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Author |
Janssens, K.; Vincze, L.; Rubio, J.; Bernasconi, G.; Adams, F. |
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Title |
Microscopic X-ray fluorescence analysis |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
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Pages |
151-157 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Wos |
A1994NK96200009 |
Publication Date |
2004-04-20 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0267-9477 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:8917 |
Serial |
5726 |
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Author |
Treiger, B.; Bondarenko, I.; van Espen, P.; Van Grieken, R.; Adams, F. |
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Title |
Classification of mineral particles by nonlinear mapping of electron microprobe energy-dispersive X-ray spectra |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
The analyst |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
119 |
Issue |
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Pages |
971-974 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3) |
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Wos |
A1994NR76500037 |
Publication Date |
2004-03-24 |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:8918 |
Serial |
7669 |
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Author |
Vincze, L.; Janssens, K.; Adams, F. |
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Title |
Optics for X-ray microfluorescence to be used at the European synchrotron radiation facility |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Advances in X-ray analysis |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
37 |
Issue |
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Pages |
553-563 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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A1994BB55S00067 |
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ISSN |
0376-0308 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:8930 |
Serial |
5757 |
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Author |
Vekemans, B.; Janssens, K.; Vincze, L.; Adams, F.; van Espen, P. |
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Title |
Analysis of X-ray spectra by iterative least squares (AXIL): new developments |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
X-ray spectrometry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
23 |
Issue |
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Pages |
278-285 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3) |
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Wos |
A1994QF68500008 |
Publication Date |
2005-05-28 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0049-8246 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Open Access |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:8933 |
Serial |
5471 |
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Author |
Vleugels, G.; Fobe, B.; Dewolfs, R.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Surface composition alteration of bare and treated limestones after ambient exposure |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
The science of the total environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
151 |
Issue |
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Pages |
59-69 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Wos |
A1994NW21600007 |
Publication Date |
2003-09-12 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0048-9697; 1879-1026 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:8943 |
Serial |
8625 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Worobiec, A.; Darchuk, L.; Brooker, A.; Potgieter, H.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Damage and molecular changes under a laser beam in SEM-EDX/MRS interface : a case study on iron-rich particles |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Journal of Raman spectroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
808-814 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP) |
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Abstract |
The control of damage to individual environmental particles by a laser beam during Raman spectroscopy carried out in ambient air is generally well understood. The nature and control of damage under vacuum conditions (e.g. in the scanning electron microscopy with energy X-ray detection combined with micro-Raman spectroscopyinterfaced SEM-EDX/MRS) are more complex and less well comprehended. The physical and chemical processes that affect the damage caused to small particles by lasers still remain somewhat unclear, but certainly the atmosphere (vacuum/air) and the beam intensity have very significant influences. Furthermore, it has been determined that some particles (e.g. haematite), although stable under an electron beam, are damaged by the laser beam, hampering their analysis. Additionally, when simultaneous analyses by SEM/EDX and MRS are considered, the correct choice of the collection surface plays a crucial role. As a result, the following collection substrates were tested to determine their influence on the laser beam damage process to the particle: silver and aluminium foils and silicon wafers. A test study was performed using artificial examples of haematite (Fe2O3) particles. Exposure of Fe2O3 particles in vacuum to 514- and 785-nm laser radiation often leads to their melting, transformation and evaporation. The dependence of the damage caused by the laser beam on the particle structure is reported here. Molecular and crystallographic changes have also been revealed. Formation of magnetite (as an effect of re-crystallisation) and Raman inactive structures was detected. |
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Corporate Author |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| |
Language |
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Wos |
000290484700033 |
Publication Date |
2010-09-27 |
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| |
Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| |
ISSN |
0377-0486 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| |
Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:89518 |
Serial |
7751 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
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Author |
Jacobs, W.; Dubois, D.; Floren, E.; Aerts, D.; Goris, J.; Buczyńska, A.; Van Grieken, R. |
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| |
Title |
Benzene concentrations on board chemical tankers |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
WMU journal of maritime affairs |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
| |
Volume |
10 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
117-126 |
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| |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
|
| |
Abstract |
Maritime transport of benzene is regulated by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO). Two important guidelines for a ships crew in this matter are IMO circulars 1095 and 1220. The first one describes the minimum safety standards for ships carrying liquids in bulk containing benzene while circular 1220 deals with structural guidelines for new ships carrying liquids in bulk containing benzene, but also technical developments could help in improving safety and health protection on board chemical tankers carrying benzene in bulk. The aim of the present paper is to determine the benzene concentration in the working and living environment on board a modern chemical tanker carrying benzene in bulk, where all safety, technical and operational procedures described by IMO in the above-mentioned circulars are followed. During specific cargo operations, we measured the benzene concentrations on different locations on board by means of Radiello® passive diffusive samplers. Despite all measures taken, we found an important difference in benzene concentration between operations with a benzene cargo compared to operations without benzene on board, as well as inside and outside the accommodation. Moreover, even during discharge operations, where the emission is theoretically zero, we found an important increase in the benzene concentration. In addition, we found less favourable results for the engine room. |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
2010-11-22 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| |
ISSN |
1651-436x; 1654-1642 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| |
Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:89551 |
Serial |
7555 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
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Author |
Jochems, P.; Satyawali, Y.; Diels, L.; Dejonghe, W. |
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| |
Title |
Enzyme immobilization on/in polymeric membranes : status, challenges and perspectives in biocatalytic membrane reactors (BMRs) |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Green chemistry : cutting-edge research for a greener sustainable future |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
| |
Volume |
13 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
1609-1623 |
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| |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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| |
Abstract |
Immobilization of enzymes is beneficial in terms of improving the process economics by enabling enzyme re-use and enhancing overall productivity and robustness. Increasingly, membranes are thought to be good supports for enzyme immobilization. These resulting biocatalytic membranes are integrated in reactors known as biocatalytic membrane reactors (BMRs) which enable the integration of biocatalysis and separation. Often the available commercial membranes require modifications to make them suitable for enzyme immobilization. Different immobilization techniques can be used on such suitable membranes, but no general rules exist for making a choice between them. Despite the advantages of BMR application, there are some issues which need to be addressed in order to achieve up-scaling of such systems. In this review, the different aspects of enzyme immobilization on membranes are discussed to show the complexity of this interdisciplinary technology. In addition, the existing issues which require further investigation are highlighted. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| |
Language |
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Wos |
000292450600002 |
Publication Date |
2011-05-26 |
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| |
Series Editor |
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Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
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| |
ISSN |
1463-9262; 1463-9270 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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| |
Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:89567 |
Serial |
7930 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
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Author |
Zhang, L.; Vleugels, J.; Darchuk, L.; van der Biest, O. |
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| |
Title |
Magnetic field oriented tetragonal zirconia with anisotropic toughness |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Journal of the European Ceramic Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
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|
| |
Volume |
31 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
1405-1412 |
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| |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
|
| |
Abstract |
(0 0 1)-oriented 3 mol% yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia (3Y-TZP) has been developed by reactive synthesis of undoped pure monoclinic zirconia and co-precipitated 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (8Y-ZrO2). The dispersed pure monoclinic ZrO2 powder, having magnetic anisotropy, was first aligned in a strong magnetic field and co-sintered in a randomly distributed cubic 8Y-ZrO2 fine matrix powder. The reactive sintering resulted in a 3Y-TZP ceramic with a (0 0 1) orientation. The (0 0 1)-oriented 3Y-TZP showed a substantial toughness anisotropy, i.e. the toughness along the [0 0 1] direction is 54% higher than that of its perpendicular direction. Moreover, the toughness along the [0 0 1] direction is 49% higher than that of a non-textured isotropic reactively synthesized 3Y-TZP and 110% higher than that of an isotropic co-precipitated powder based 3Y-TZP. The substantially enhanced toughness was interpreted in terms of the tetragonal to monoclinic martensitic phase transformability. |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| |
Language |
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Wos |
000290189100008 |
Publication Date |
2011-03-08 |
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| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
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| |
ISSN |
0955-2219 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| |
Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:89722 |
Serial |
8192 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
|
Author |
Jacobs, W.; Floren, E.; Luyckx, D.; Bueken, P.; van Beeck, J.; Van Grieken, R. |
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| |
Title |
Mapping of toxic vapours on board of tankers |
Type |
P3 Proceeding |
| |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
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| |
Keywords |
P3 Proceeding; Economics; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
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| |
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
978-1-905040-85-8 |
Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| |
Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:89790 |
Serial |
8202 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
|
Author |
Hauchecorne, B. |
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| |
Title |
Development of an FTIR in situ reactor for real time study of surface reactions in photocatalysis |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
155 p. |
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| |
Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
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Publication Date |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
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| |
Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
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| |
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
978-90-5728-335-2 |
Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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| |
Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:89854 |
Serial |
7801 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Schalm, O.; Cabal, A.; van Espen, P.; Laquière, N.; Storme, P. |
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Title |
Improved radiographic methods for the investigation of paintings using laboratory and synchrotron X-ray sources |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
26 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
1068-1077 |
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| |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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| |
Abstract |
It is generally known that radiographic inspection of 1517th century paintings can easily be done with a polychromatic X-ray source using a voltage between 20 kV and 40 kV in combination with classic X-ray films. Unfortunately, the spatial structure of numerous 19th and early 20th century paintings cannot be visualized with conventional radiography due to several reasons such as the use of lead white grounds or low absorbing pigments. Radiographic images are blurred or worse, they do not contain the picture of the painting. During the last decades, many technological innovations have been introduced in the field of radiography but their possibilities in cultural heritage have not been explored in full detail. In our investigation we used phosphor imaging plates, energy dispersive detectors and CCD-cameras in combination with synchrotron radiation and conventional X-ray tubes in order to improve the quality of radiographic images. Several promising techniques that could improve the quality of radiographs of paintings were identified. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000289731900023 |
Publication Date |
2011-04-11 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
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| |
ISSN |
0267-9477 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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| |
Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:89928 |
Serial |
8070 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Jochems, P.; Satyawali, Y.; van Roy, S.; Doyen, W.; Diels, L.; Dejonghe, W. |
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| |
Title |
Characterization and optimization of \beta-galactosidase immobilization process on a mixed-matrix membrane |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Enzyme and microbial technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
49 |
Issue |
6/7 |
Pages |
580-588 |
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| |
Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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| |
Abstract |
β-Galactosidase is an important enzyme catalyzing not only the hydrolysis of lactose to the monosaccharides glucose and galactose but also the transgalactosylation reaction to produce galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS). In this study, β-galactosidase was immobilized by adsorption on a mixed-matrix membrane containing zirconium dioxide. The maximum β-galactosidase adsorbed on these membranes was 1.6 g/m2, however, maximal activity was achieved at an enzyme concentration of around 0.5 g/m2. The tests conducted to investigate the optimal immobilization parameters suggested that higher immobilization can be achieved under extreme parameters (pH and temperature) but the activity was not retained at such extreme operational parameters. The investigations on immobilized enzymes indicated that no real shift occurred in its optimal temperature after immobilization though the activity in case of immobilized enzyme was better retained at lower temperature (5 °C). A shift of 0.5 unit was observed in optimal pH after immobilization (pH 6.5 to 7). Perhaps the most striking results are the kinetic parameters of the immobilized enzyme; while the Michaelis constant (Km) value increased almost eight times compared to the free enzyme, the maximum enzyme velocity (Vmax) remained almost constant. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000298529600015 |
Publication Date |
2011-06-26 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
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| |
ISSN |
0141-0229 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
|
Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:90060 |
Serial |
7608 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Brauns, E.; van Hoof, E.; Huyskens, C.; de Wever, H. |
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Title |
On the concept of a supervisory, fuzzy set logic based, advanced filtration control in membrane bioreactors |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Desalination and water treatment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
29 |
Issue |
1/3 |
Pages |
119-127 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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| |
Abstract |
The filtration process within a membrane bioreactor (MBR) is mostly controlled in a classic way through typical set-points such as aeration flow rate, filtration duration, backwash frequency or relaxation duration. The values of these filtration set-points result from experience and remain often unchanged during the installations operational lifetime. Filtration is dictated considerably by membrane fouling phenomena. The fouling potential of the mixed liquor however can significantly fluctuate, even daily, from changing influent characteristics. Fixed set-point values thus may represent sub-optimal filtration conditions. Consequently, a supervising advanced control system, being able to continuously adapt the set-points values would be beneficial regarding the MBR filtration process optimization. Such optimization could reduce the corresponding MBR energy consumption, e.g. linked to the filtration related membrane aeration. An Advanced Control System (ACS) based on Fuzzy Set Logic (FSL) is introduced here, enabling to supervise an existing classic membrane filtration control system. Such ACS is able to daily (or even more frequent) optimize the set-points of the underlying classic control system, from the input of various sensor and process parameter values. The theoretical background and practical implementation of the FSL based ACS concept is explained. |
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Corporate Author |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000291314400014 |
Publication Date |
2011-06-19 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1944-3994; 1944-3986 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:90094 |
Serial |
8328 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Buysse, C. |
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Title |
Perovskite capillaries for gas separation in sustainable energy production |
Type |
Doctoral thesis |
| |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
|
Issue |
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Pages |
201 p. |
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Keywords |
Doctoral thesis; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Place of Publication |
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Wos |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
|
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:90548 |
Serial |
8373 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Kontozova-Deutsch, V.; Cardell, carolina; Urosevic, M.; Ruiz-Agudo, E.; Deutsch, F.; Van Grieken, R. |
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Title |
Characterization of indoor and outdoor atmospheric pollutants impacting architectural monuments : the case of San Jerónimo Monastery (Granada, Spain) |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Environmental earth sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
63 |
Issue |
7/8 |
Pages |
1433-1445 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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| |
Abstract |
Indoor and outdoor concentrations of atmospheric gaseous pollutants as well as composition, size, and morphology of particulate matter have been investigated at the monastery of San Jerónimo in Granada (Southern Spain). Complementary micro- and nano-analytical techniques were applied; elemental and mineralogical composition and morphological characteristics of particulate matter were investigated combining electron probe microanalysis at the single particle level, and bulk aerosol samples were analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Microclimatic conditions at the monastery were monitored, and gas concentrations were assessed by means of diffusion tubes subsequently analyzed with ion chromatography. Results revealed high abundances of soil dust particles (aluminosilicates, calcite, dolomite, quartz), salt aerosols (chlorides, sulfates and ammonium-rich salts), and NO2 and SO2 both outdoors and indoors. Amorphous black carbon particles had surprisingly high abundances for Granada, a non-industrialized city. The composition of indoor particles corresponds to severe weathering affecting the construction materials and artworks inside the church; moreover their composition promotes a feedback process that intensifies the deterioration. Chemical reactions between chloride-rich salts and pigments from paintings were confirmed by TEM analyses. Indoors, blackening of surface decorative materials is fostered by particle re-suspension due to cleaning habits in the monastery (i.e. dusting). This is the first air quality study performed in a monument in the city of Granada with the aim of developing a strategy for preventive conservation. |
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Corporate Author |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000292744300003 |
Publication Date |
2010-07-19 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| |
ISSN |
1866-6280 |
ISBN |
|
Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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| |
Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:90766 |
Serial |
7630 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Worobiec, A.; Potgieter-Vermaak, S.S.; Berghmans, P.; Winkler, H.; Burger, R.; Van Grieken, R. |
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| |
Title |
Air particulate emissions in developing countries : a case study in South Africa |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
| |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Analytical letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
44 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
1907-1924 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP) |
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| |
Abstract |
Atmospheric aerosols were collected during the winter in Bethlehem, South Africa. The particulate mass concentrations, ambient carbon mass concentrations, and chemical composition of various particulate fractions showed that the area is highly polluted. The fine particle mass concentrations peaked at 1000 µg/m3 for PM2.5. Ambient carbon mass concentrations ranged from 20 to 40 µg/m3. Single particle analysis confirmed that the fine particle fraction was dominated by organic particles. The topographical conditions, causing a low inversion, together with the high amounts of emissions from biomass burning, result in unacceptable levels of air pollution and pose a considerable health threat to the population. |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Wos |
000294602300006 |
Publication Date |
2011-08-12 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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ISSN |
0003-2719 |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Open Access |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:91079 |
Serial |
7429 |
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Author |
Caratelli, D.; Gielis, J.; Natalini, P.; Ricci, P.E.; Tavkhelidze, I. |
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Title |
The Robin problem for the Helmholtz equation in a starlike planar domain |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Georgian mathematical journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
18 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
465-479 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
The interior and exterior Robin problems for the Helmholtz equation in starlike planar domains are addressed by using a suitable Fourier-like technique. Attention is in particular focused on normal-polar domains whose boundaries are defined by the so-called superformula introduced by J. Gielis. A dedicated numerical procedure based on the computer algebra system Mathematica© is developed in order to validate the proposed approach. In this way, highly accurate approximations of the solution, featuring properties similar to the classical ones, are obtained. The computed results are found to be in good agreement with the theoretical findings on Fourier series expansion presented by L. Carleson. |
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Wos |
000296166100004 |
Publication Date |
2021-02-28 |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1072-947x |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Open Access |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:91086 |
Serial |
8658 |
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Author |
Caratelli, D.; Gielis, J.; Ricci, P.E. |
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Title |
Fourier-like solution of the Dirichlet problem for the Laplace Equation in k-type Gielis domains |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Journal of pure and applied mathematics : advances and applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
99-111 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
The interior and exterior Dirichlet problems for the Laplace equation in k-type Gielis domains are analytically addressed by using a suitable Fourier-like technique. A dedicated numerical procedure based on the computer-aided algebra tool Mathematica© is developed in order to validate the proposed approach. In this way, highly accurate approximations of the solution, featuring properties similar to the classical ones, are obtained. Computed results are found to be in good agreement with theoretical findings on Fourier series expansion presented by Carleson. |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:91090 |
Serial |
7982 |
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Author |
Düking, R.; Gielis, J.; Liese, W. |
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Title |
Carbon flux and carbon stock in a bamboo stand and their relevance for mitigating climate change |
Type |
A3 Journal article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Bamboo Science & Culture |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-6 |
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Keywords |
A3 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
In this report we describe the basics of biological carbon fixation in bamboo forests. Confusing carbon stock with carbon flux has led to false expectations on the significance of bamboo forests as carbon sinks. Furthermore, misunderstandings about the growth of bamboo culms can lead to highly exaggerated expectations on the productivity of bamboo. |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1535-7635 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record |
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Open Access |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:91091 |
Serial |
7578 |
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Author |
Bruegelmans, P.; Horemans, B.; Hofkens, J.; Springael, D. |
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Title |
Response to mixed substrate feeds of the structure and activity of a linuron-degrading triple-species biofilm |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Research in microbiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
161 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
660-666 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
We sought to determine whether the pesticide-degrading performance of a multi-species bacterial biofilm is affected by co-occurrence of multiple nutrient sources Thus, the 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-l-methoxy-l-methyl urea (linuron)-degrading activity of a triple-species linuron-degrading consortium, cultivated in continuous flow biofilm systems, was monitored when exposed to mixed substrate feeds which contained, in addition to linuron, readily assimilated carbon (i e citrate and trypticase soy broth) and/or nitrogen (i e ammonium) sources The addition of alternative carbon sources at different concentrations resulted in diminished linuron degradation efficiency In addition, the efficiency of removal of the linuron metabolite 3,4-dichloroaniline was affected These effects might be attributed to catabolic repression of the linuron metabolic pathway in the presence of alternative carbon substrates Moreover, each nutrient condition resulted in a particular biofilm composition and a particular spatial and structural organization, which might also be related to the performance of the biofilm community Results show that the activity of pesticide-degrading biofilms strongly depends on prevailing nutrient conditions and that the ideal biofilm configuration and activity, as observed under selective conditions, does not exist in real-life environmental conditions where mixtures of substrates are often present (C) 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS All rights reserved. |
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Wos |
000283686200004 |
Publication Date |
2010-07-02 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0923-2508; 1769-7123 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
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Open Access |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:91369 |
Serial |
8477 |
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Author |
György, K.; Ajtony, Z.; van Meel, K.; Van Grieken, R.; Czitrovszky, A.; Bencs, L. |
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Title |
Fast heating induced impulse halogenation of refractory sample components in electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry by direct injection of a liquid halogenating agent |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Talanta : the international journal of pure and applied analytical chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
85 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1253-1259 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation) |
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Abstract |
A novel electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) method was developed for the halogenation of refractory sample components (Er, Nd and Nb) of lithium niobate (LiNbO3) and bismuth tellurite (Bi2TeO5) optical single crystals to overcome memory effects and carry-over. For this purpose, the cleaning step of a regular graphite furnace heating program was replaced with a halogenation cycle. In this cycle, after the graphite tube cooled to room temperature, a 20 μL aliquot of liquid carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was dispensed with a conventional autosampler into the graphite tube. The CCl4 was partially dried at 80 °C under the mini-flow (40 cm3 min−1) condition of the Ar internal furnace gas (IFG), then the residue was decomposed (pyrolyzed) by fast furnace heating at 19002100 °C under interrupted flow of the IFG. This step was followed by a clean-out stage at 2100 °C under the maximum flow of the IFG. The advantage of the present method is that it does not require any alteration to the graphite furnace gas supply system in contrast to most of the formerly introduced halogenation techniques. The effectiveness of the halogenation method was verified with the determination of Er and Nd dopants in the optical crystals. In these analyses, a sensitivity decrease was observed, which was likely due to the enhanced deterioration of the graphite tube surface. Therefore, the application of mathematical correction (resloping) of the calibration was also required. The calibration curves were linear up to 1.5 and 10 μmol L−1 for Er and Nd, respectively. Characteristic masses of 18 and 241 pg and the limit of detection (LOD) values of 0.017 and 0.27 μmol L−1 were found for Er and Nd, respectively. These LOD data correspond to 0.68 μmol mol−1 Er and 11 μmol mol−1 Nd in solid bismuth tellurite samples. The analytical results were compared with those obtained by a conventional ETAAS method and validated with X-ray fluorescence spectrometry analysis. |
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Wos |
000294092800006 |
Publication Date |
2011-05-27 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0039-9140; 1873-3573 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:91721 |
Serial |
7960 |
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Author |
Nikolova, I.; Janssen, S.; Vrancken, K.; Vos, P.; Mishra, V.; Berghmans, P. |
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Title |
Size resolved ultrafine particles emission model : a continues size distribution approach |
Type |
A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
The science of the total environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
409 |
Issue |
18 |
Pages |
3492-3499 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL) |
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Abstract |
A new parameterization for size resolved ultrafine particles (UFP) traffic emissions is proposed based on the results of PARTICULATES project (Samaras et al., 2005). It includes the emission factors from the Emission Inventory Guidebook (2006) (total number of particles, #/km/veh), the shape of the corresponding particle size distribution given in PARTICULATES and data for the traffic activity. The output of the model UFPEM (UltraFine Particle Emission Model) is a sum of continuous distributions of ultrafine particles emissions per vehicle type (passenger cars and heavy duty vehicles), fuel (petrol and diesel) and average speed representative for urban, rural and highway driving. The results from the parameterization are compared with measured total number of ultrafine particles and size distributions in a tunnel in Antwerp (Belgium). The measured UFP concentration over the entire campaign shows a close relation to the traffic activity. The modelled concentration is found to be lower than the measured in the campaign. The average emission factor from the measurement is 4.29E + 14 #/km/veh whereas the calculated is around 30% lower. A comparison of emission factors with literature is done as well and in overall a good agreement is found. For the size distributions it is found that the measured distributions consist of three modes Nucleation, Aitken and accumulation and most of the ultrafine particles belong to the Nucleation and the Aitken modes. The modelled Aitken mode (peak around 0.040.05 μm) is found in a good agreement both as amplitude of the peak and the number of particles whereas the modelled Nucleation mode is shifted to smaller diameters and the peak is much lower that the observed. Time scale analysis shows that at 300 m in the tunnel coagulation and deposition are slow and therefore neglected. The UFPEM emission model can be used as a source term in dispersion models. |
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Wos |
000293260100026 |
Publication Date |
2011-06-19 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0048-9697; 1879-1026 |
ISBN |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Open Access |
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no |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:91949 |
Serial |
8546 |
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