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Author (up) Van Grieken, R.; Janssens, K.; van Espen, P.; Injuk, J.; Padilla, R.; Vittiglio, G.; Potgieter, J.H.
Title Novel quantitative procedures for in-situ X-ray fluorescence analysis Type H3 Book chapter
Year 2005 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 45-60
Keywords H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos Publication Date
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:54563 Serial 5751
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Author (up) Van Hommes, M.E.; Lambour, R.; Du Mortier, B.M.; De Winkel, M.; Tauber, G.; Alfeld, M.; Janssens, K.; Dik, J.
Title The hidden youth of Dirck Jacobsz leeuw : a portrait by Govert Flinck revealed Type A1 Journal article
Year 2016 Publication The Rijksmuseum bulletin Abbreviated Journal
Volume 64 Issue 1 Pages 4-61
Keywords A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos Publication Date
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1877-8127 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes ; ; Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:133250 Serial 5873
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Author (up) van Langevelde, F.; Janssens, K.H.; Adams, F.C.; Vis, R.D.
Title Prediction of the optical characteristics and analytical qualities of an X-ray fluorescence microprobe at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (Grenoble) Type A1 Journal article
Year 1992 Publication Nuclear instruments and methods in physics research : A: accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment Abbreviated Journal
Volume 317 Issue Pages 383-393
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos A1992JF39700044 Publication Date 2002-11-12
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0168-9002 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved no
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:2810 Serial 5783
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Author (up) van Loon, A.; Noble, P.; de Man, D.; Alfeld, M.; Callewaert, T.; van der Snickt, G.; Janssens, K.; Dik, J.
Title The role of smalt in complex pigment mixtures in Rembrandt'sHomer1663: combining MA-XRF imaging, microanalysis, paint reconstructions and OCT Type A1 Journal article
Year 2020 Publication Heritage science Abbreviated Journal
Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 90-19
Keywords A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
Abstract As part of the NWO Science4ArtsREVISRembrandtproject (2012-2018), novel chemical imaging techniques were developed and applied to the study of Rembrandt's late experimental painting technique (1651-1669). One of the unique features in his late paintings is his abundant use of smalt: a blue cobalt glass pigment that he often combined with organic lake pigments, earth pigments and blacks. Since most of these smalt-containing paints have discolored over time, we wanted to find out more about how these paintings may have originally looked, and what the role of smalt was in his paint. This paper reports on the use of smalt in complex pigment mixtures in Rembrandt'sHomer(1663), Mauritshuis, The Hague. Macroscopic X-ray fluorescence imaging (MA-XRF) assisted by computational analysis, in combination with SEM-EDX analysis of paint cross-sections, provides new information about the distribution and composition of the smalt paints in the painting. Paint reconstructions were carried out to investigate the effect of different percentages of smalt on the overall color, the drying properties, translucency and texture of the paint. Results show that the influence of (the originally blue) smalt on the intended color of the paint of theHomeris minimal. However, in mixtures with high percentages of smalt, or when combined with more transparent pigments, it was concluded that the smalt did produce a cooler and darker paint. It was also found that the admixture of opaque pigments reduced the translucent character of the smalt. The drying tests show that the paints with (cobalt-containing) smalt dried five times faster compared to those with glass (without cobalt). Most significantly, the texture of the paint was strongly influenced by adding smalt, creating a more irregular surface topography with clearly pronounced brushstrokes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used as an additional tool to reveal differences in translucency and texture between the different paint reconstructions. In conclusion, this study confirmed earlier assumptions that Rembrandt used substantial amounts of smalt in his late paintings, not for its blue color, but to give volume and texture to his paints, to deepen their colors and to make them dry faster.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000565893700001 Publication Date 2020-09-04
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2050-7445 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 2.5 Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved Most recent IF: 2.5; 2020 IF: NA
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:171995 Serial 8659
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Author (up) van Loon, A.; Noble, P.; Krekeler, A.; van der Snickt, G.; Janssens, K.; Abe, Y.; Nakai, I.; Dik, J.
Title Artificial orpiment, a new pigment in Rembrandt's palette Type A1 Journal article
Year 2017 Publication Heritage science Abbreviated Journal
Volume 5 Issue Pages 26
Keywords A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract This paper reports on how the application of macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) imaging, in combination with the re-examination of existing paint cross-sections, has led to the discovery of a new pigment in Rembrandt's palette: artificial orpiment. In the NWO Science4Arts 'ReVisRembrandt' project, novel chemical imaging techniques are being developed and applied to the study of Rembrandt's late paintings in order to help resolve outstanding questions and to gain a better understanding of his late enigmatic painting technique. One of the selected case studies is the Portrait of a Couple as Isaac and Rebecca, known as 'The Jewish Bride', dated c. 1665 and on view in the Rijksmuseum. During the re-installation of the Rijksmuseum in 2013, the picture was scanned using the Bruker M6 Jetstream MAXRF scanner. The resulting elemental distribution maps made it possible to distinguish many features in the painting, such as bone black remains of the original hat (P, Ca maps), and the now discolored smalt-rich background (Co, Ni, As, K maps). The arsenic (As) map also revealed areas of high-intensity in Isaac's sleeve and Rebecca's dress where it could be established that it was not related with the pigment smalt that also contains arsenic. This pointed to the presence of a yellow or orange arsenic-containing pigment, such as realgar or orpiment that is not associated with the artist's palette. Subsequent examination of existing paint cross-sections from these locations taken by Karin Groen in the 1990s identified isolated, almost perfectly round particles of arsenic sulfide. The round shape corresponds with published findings on a purified form of artificial orpiment glass obtained by dry processing, a sublimation reaction. In bright field, the particles characteristically exhibit a dark cross in the middle caused by internal light reflections. The results of additional non-invasive techniques (portable XRD and portable Raman) are discussed, as well as the implications of this finding and how it fits with Rembrandt's late experimental painting technique.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000404916400001 Publication Date 2017-06-02
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2050-7445 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited 6 Open Access
Notes ; This research is part of the Science4Arts Program, funded by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) (Grant No. SFA-11-12). GVdS is supported by the Baillet Latour Fund. The authors would like to thank Lisette Vos, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam, for assisting with the MA-XRF scanning; Arisa Izumi and Airi Hirayama, students of the Tokyo University of Science, and Frederik Vanmeert, University of Antwerp, for assisting with the pXRD and pRaman measurements. We are also grateful to Rob Erdmann, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam, who made the curtain viewer to facilitate comparison of the visible image with the elemental distribution maps of the painting. ; Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:144864 Serial 5479
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Author (up) van Loon, A.; Vandivere, A.; Delaney, J.K.; Dooley, K.A.; De Meyer, S.; Vanmeert, F.; Gonzalez, V.; Janssens, K.; Leonhardt, E.; Haswell, R.; de Groot, S.; D'Imporzano, P.; Davies, G.R.
Title Beauty is skin deep : the skin tones of Vermeer's Girl with a Pearl Earring Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Heritage science Abbreviated Journal
Volume 7 Issue 1 Pages 102
Keywords A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract The soft modelling of the skin tones in Vermeer's Girl with a Pearl Earring (Mauritshuis) has been remarked upon by art historians, and is their main argument to date this painting to c. 1665. This paper describes the materials and techniques Vermeer used to accomplish the smooth flesh tones and facial features of the Girl, which were investigated as part of the 2018 Girl in the Spotlight research project. It combines macroscopic X-ray fluorescence imaging (MA-XRF), reflectance imaging spectroscopy (RIS), and 3D digital microscopy. Vermeer built up the face, beginning with distinct areas of light and dark. He then smoothly blended the final layers to create almost seamless transitions. The combination of advanced imaging techniques highlighted that Vermeer built the soft contour around her face by leaving a 'gap' between the background and the skin. It also revealed details that were otherwise not visible with the naked eye, such as the eyelashes. Macroscopic imaging was complemented by the study of paint cross-sections using: light microscopy, SEM-EDX, FIB-STEM, synchrotron radiation mu-XRPD and FTIR-ATR. Vermeer intentionally used different qualities or grades of lead white in the flesh paints, showing different hydrocerussite/cerussite ratios and particle sizes. Lead isotope analysis showed that the geographic source of lead, from which the different types of lead white were manufactured, was the same: the region of Peak District of Derbyshire, UK. Finally, cross-section analysis identified the formation of new lead species in the paints: lead soaps and palmierite (K2Pb(SO4)(2)), associated with the red lake.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000516736100001 Publication Date 2019-12-16
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2050-7445 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved no
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:167549 Serial 7552
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Author (up) Vanmeert, F.; De Keyser, N.; van Loon, A.; Klaassen, L.; Noble, P.; Janssens, K.
Title Transmission and reflection mode macroscopic x-ray powder diffraction imaging for the noninvasive visualization of paint degradation in still life paintings by Jan Davidsz. de Heem Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem
Volume 91 Issue 11 Pages 7153-7161
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract The use of noninvasive chemical imaging techniques is becoming more widespread for the study of cultural heritage artifacts. Recently a mobile instrument for macroscopic X-ray powder diffraction (MA-XRPD) scanning was developed, which is capable of visualizing the distribution of crystalline (pigment) phases in quasi-flat-painted artifacts. In this study, MA-XRPD is used in both transmission and reflection mode for the analysis of three 17th century still life paintings, two paintings by Jan Davidsz. de Heem (1606-1684) and one copy painting after De Heem by an unknown artist. MA-XRPD allowed to reveal and map the presence of in situ-formed alteration products. In the works examined, two rare lead arsenate minerals, schultenite (PbHAsO4) and mimetite (Pb-5(AsO4)(3)Cl), were encountered, both at and below the paint surface; they are considered to be degradation products of the pigments realgar (alpha-As4S4) and orpiment (As2S3). In transmission mode, the depletion of lead white, present in the (second) ground layer, could be seen, illustrating the intrusive nature of this degradation process. In reflection mode, several sulfate salts, palmierite (K2Pb(SO4)(2)), syngenite (K2Ca(SO4)(2)center dot H2O), and gypsum (CaSO4 center dot 2H(2)O), could be detected, in particular, at the (top) surface of the copy painting. Estimates for the information depth and sensitivity of both transmission and reflection mode MA-XRPD for various pigments have been made. The possibility of MA-XRPD to allow for noninvasive identification and visualization of alteration products is considered a significant advantage and unique feature of this method. MA-XRPD can thus provide highly relevant information for assessing the conservation state of artworks and could guide possible future restoration treatments.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000470793800031 Publication Date 2019-05-10
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 6.32 Times cited 5 Open Access
Notes ; The authors acknowledge financial support from BELSPO (Brussels) S2-ART and METOX projects, the NWO (The Hague) Science4Arts “ReVisRembrandt” project, and the GOA Project Solarpaint (University of Antwerp Research Council). The authors thank the Rijksmuseum, the Royal Museum of Fine Arts Antwerp, and their staff for the collaborations. ; Approved Most recent IF: 6.32
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:160245 Serial 5882
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Author (up) Vanmeert, F.; De Meyer, S.; Gestels, A.; Clerici, E.A.; Deleu, N.; Legrand, S.; Van Espen, P.; Van der Snickt, G.; Alfeld, M.; Dik, J.; Monico, L.; De Nolf, W.; Cotte, M.; Gonzalez, V.; Saverwyns, S.; Depuydt-Elbaum, L.; Janssens, K.
Title Non-invasive and non-destructive examination of artists’ pigments, paints and paintings by means of X-ray imaging methods Type H1 Book chapter
Year 2022 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 317-357
Keywords H1 Book chapter; Art; Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES); Antwerp X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy (AXIS)
Abstract Recent studies in which X-ray beams of (sub)micrometre to millimetre dimensions have been used for non-destructive analysis and characterization of pigments, minute paint samples and/or entire paintings from fifteenth to twentieth century artists are discussed. The overview presented encompasses the use of laboratory and synchrotron radiation-based instrumentation and deals with the use of several variants of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) as a method of elemental analysis and imaging as well as with the combined use with X-ray diffraction (XRD). Microscopic XRF (μ-XRF) is a variant of the XRF method able to visualize the elemental distribution of key elements, mostly metals, on the scale from 1 μm to 100 μm present inside multi-layered micro samples taken from paintings. In the context of the characterization of artists’ pigments subjected to natural degradation, in many cases the use of methods limited to elemental analysis or imaging does not suffice to elucidate the chemical transformations that have taken place. However, at synchrotron facilities, combinations of μ-XRF with related methods such as μ-XAS (microscopic X-ray absorption spectroscopy) and μ-XRD have proven themselves to be very suitable for such studies. Since microscopic investigation of a relatively limited number of minute paint samples may not yield representative information about the complete artefact they were taken from, several methods for macroscopic, non-invasive imaging have recently been developed. Combined macroscopic XRF/XRD scanning is able to provide a fairly complete overview of the inorganic pigments employed to create a work of art, to answer questions about ongoing degradation phenomena and about its authenticity. As such these newly developed non-invasive and highly specific imaging methods are of interest for many cultural heritage stakeholders.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos Publication Date 2022-09-08
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN 978-3-030-86864-2 Additional Links UA library record
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access Not_Open_Access
Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:190777 Serial 7183
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Author (up) Vanmeert, F.; de Nolf, W.; De Meyer, S.; Dik, J.; Janssens, K.
Title Macroscopic X-ray powder diffraction scanning, a new method for highly selective chemical imaging of works of art : instrument optimization Type A1 Journal article
Year 2018 Publication Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem
Volume 90 Issue 11 Pages 6436-6444
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract In the past decade macroscopic X-ray fluorescence imaging (MA-XRF) has become established as a method for the noninvasive investigation of flat painted surfaces, yielding large scale elemental maps. MA-XRF is limited by a lack of specificity, only allowing for indirect pigment identification based on the simultaneous presence of chemical elements. The high specificity of X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) mapping is already being exploited at synchrotron facilities for investigations at the (sub)microscopic scale, but the technique has not yet been employed using lab sources. In this paper we present the development of a novel MA-XRPD/XRF instrument based on a laboratory X-ray source. Several combinations of X-ray sources and area detectors are evaluated in terms of their spatial and angular resolution and their sensitivity. The highly specific imaging capability of the combined MA-XRPD/XRF instrument is demonstrated on a 15th/16th century illuminated manuscript directly revealing the distribution of a large number of inorganic pigments, including the uncommon yellow pigment massicot (o-PbO). The case study illustrates the wealth of new mapping information that can be obtained in a noninvasive manner using the laboratory MA-XRPD/XRF instrument.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000434893200019 Publication Date 2018-04-06
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 6.32 Times cited 11 Open Access
Notes ; The authors thank the persons involved at Incoatec GmbH, imXPAD SAS and Dectris Ltd. for loaning us some of their products over the past years. We acknowledge financial support from BELSPO (Brussels) S2-ART, the NWO (The Hague) Science4Arts “ReVisRembrandt” Project and GOA Project Solarpaint (University of Antwerp Research Council). Photo Copyright Geert Van der Snickt, 2008 for the photograph of the illuminated manuscript in the TOC graphic. ; Approved Most recent IF: 6.32
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:151993 Serial 5701
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Author (up) Vanmeert, F.; de Nolf, W.; Dik, J.; Janssens, K.
Title Macroscopic X-ray powder diffraction scanning : possibilities for quantitative and depth-selective parchment analysis Type A1 Journal article
Year 2018 Publication Analytical chemistry Abbreviated Journal Anal Chem
Volume 90 Issue 11 Pages 6445-6452
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract At or below the surface of painted works of art, valuable information is present that provides insights into an objects past, such as the artists technique and the creative process that was followed or its conservation history but also on its current state of preservation. Various noninvasive techniques have been developed over the past 2 decades that can probe this information either locally (via point analysis) or on a macroscopic scale (e.g., full-field imaging and raster scanning). Recently macroscopic X-ray powder diffraction (MA-XRPD) mapping using laboratory X-ray sources was developed. This method can visualize highly specific chemical distributions at the macroscale (dm(2)). In this work we demonstrate the synergy between the quantitative aspects of powder diffraction and the noninvasive scanning capability of MA-XRPD highlighting the potential of the method to reveal new types of information. Quantitative data derived from a 15th/16th century illuminated sheet of parchment revealed three lead white pigments with different hydrocerussite-cerussite compositions in specific pictorial elements, while quantification analysis of impurities in the blue azurite pigment revealed two distinct azurite types: one rich in barite and one in quartz. Furthermore, on the same artifact, the depth-selective possibilities of the method that stem from an exploitation of the shift of the measured diffraction peaks with respect to reference data are highlighted. The influence of different experimental parameters on the depth-selective analysis results is briefly discussed. Promising stratigraphic information could be obtained, even though the analysis is hampered by not completely understood variations in the unit cell dimensions of the crystalline pigment phases.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000434893200020 Publication Date 2018-04-06
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-2700; 5206-882x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 6.32 Times cited 6 Open Access
Notes ; The authors thank Incoatec GmbH for giving us the opportunity to test the I mu S Cu X-ray source. We acknowledge financial support from BELSPO (Brussels) S2-ART, the NWO (The Hague) Science4Arts “ReVisRembrandt” project, and GOA Project Solarpaint (University of Antwerp Research Council). Photo Copyright Geert Van der Snickt, 2008 for the photograph of the illuminated manuscript in the TOC graphic. ; Approved Most recent IF: 6.32
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:151994 Serial 5702
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Author (up) Vanmeert, F.; Hendriks, E.; van der Snickt, G.; Monico, L.; Dik, J.; Janssens, K.
Title Chemical Mapping by Macroscopic X-ray Powder Diffraction (MA-XRPD) of Van Gogh's Sunflowers : identification of areas with higher degradation risk Type A1 Journal article
Year 2018 Publication Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English Abbreviated Journal Angew Chem Int Edit
Volume 57 Issue 25 Pages 7418-7422
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract The discoloration rate of chrome yellow (CY), a class of synthetic inorganic pigments (PbCr1-xSxO4) frequently used by Van Gogh and his contemporaries, strongly depends on its sulfate content and on its crystalline structure (either monoclinic or orthorhombic). Macroscopic X-Ray powder diffraction imaging of selected areas on Van Gogh's Sunflowers (Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam) revealed the presence of two subtypes of CY: the light-fast monoclinic PbCrO4 (LF-CY) and the light-sensitive monoclinic PbCr1-xSxO4 (x approximate to 0.5; LS-CY). The latter was encountered in large parts of the painting (e.g., in the pale-yellow background and the bright-yellow petals, but also in the green stems and flower hearts), thus indicating their higher risk for past or future darkening. Overall, it is present in more than 50% of the CY regions. Preferred orientation of LS-CY allows observation of a significant ordering of the elongated crystallites along the direction of Van Gogh's brush strokes.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000434949200023 Publication Date 2018-03-02
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1433-7851; 0570-0833 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 11.994 Times cited 10 Open Access
Notes ; The authors acknowledge financial support from BELSPO (Brussels) S2-ART, the NWO (The Hague) Science4Arts “ReVisRembrandt” project, the GOA Project Solarpaint (University of Antwerp Research Council), and the Interreg Smart*Light project. Raman analyses were performed using the European MOLAB platform, which is financially supported by the Horizon 2020 Programme (IPERION CH Grant 654028). The authors thank the staff of the Van Gogh Museum for their collaboration. ; Approved Most recent IF: 11.994
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:153185 Serial 5517
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Author (up) Vanmeert, F.; Mudronja, D.; Fazinic, S.; Janssens, K.; Tibljas, D.
Title Semi-quantitative analysis of the formation of a calcium oxalate protective layer for monumental limestone using combined micro-XRF and micro-XRPD Type A1 Journal article
Year 2013 Publication X-ray spectrometry Abbreviated Journal X-Ray Spectrom
Volume 42 Issue 4 Pages 256-261
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract A current method for the protection of cretaceous limestone present in various monuments consists of performing a passivating treatment with ammonium oxalate (AmOx). A calcium oxalate protective layer is formed on the surface and enhances the acid resistance of the stone. The in-depth formation of the calcium oxalate layer was investigated on cross sections by using combined micro X-ray fluorescence and micro X-ray powder diffraction (mu XRF/mu XRPD). XRPD showed the presence of both whewellite and weddellite in the calcite stone matrix. A correction was made for sample misalignment, which was visible in both the fluorescence and the diffraction line measurements. A semi-quantitative analysis was performed on the basis of Klug's equation for a two-phase mixture (the presence of weddellite was neglected) without the need for a known reference sample. By assuming two extreme compositions for a reference weight fraction (1 and 99wt%), it was possible to obtain whewellite concentration profiles, which can be used for comparing the effectiveness of different methods for the application of AmOx to the stone surface and the effect of treatment time and AmOx concentration used. It is shown that for the relative amounts of whewellite formed, the differences due to the assumed weight fractions are smaller than the errors due to sample heterogeneity and preferred orientation. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000320727900015 Publication Date 2013-05-14
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0049-8246 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 1.298 Times cited 5 Open Access
Notes ; The authors would like to thank De Nolf W. for his valuable feedback on the analysis of the X-ray diffraction data. We acknowledge SOLEIL for provision of SR facilities (proposal ID 20100979), and we would like to thank Dr. C. Mocuta for his assistance at the DIFFABS beamline. This research was supported by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Program – Belgian Science Policy (IUAP VI/16). The text also presents results of GOA 'XANES meets ELNES' (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium) and from FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0704.08 and G.01769.09. The EU Community's FP7 Research Infrastructures program for the CHARISMA Project (grant agreement 228330) and, within framework in particular, the access possibilities to the SOLEIL and IPANEMA facilities are also acknowledged. ; Approved Most recent IF: 1.298; 2013 IF: 1.187
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:109579 Serial 5827
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Author (up) Vanmeert, F.; van der Snickt, G.; Janssens, K.
Title Plumbonacrite identified by X-ray powder diffraction tomography as a missing link during degradation of red lead in a Van Gogh painting Type A1 Journal article
Year 2015 Publication Angewandte Chemie: international edition in English Abbreviated Journal Angew Chem Int Edit
Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 3607-3610
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Red lead, a semiconductor pigment used by artists since antiquity, is known to undergo several discoloration phenomena. These transformations are either described as darkening of the pigment caused by the formation of either plattnerite (β-PbO2) or galena (PbS) or as whitening by which red lead is converted into anglesite (PbSO4) or (hydro)cerussite (2 PbCO3⋅Pb(OH)2; PbCO3). X-ray powder diffraction tomography, a powerful analytical method that allows visualization of the internal distribution of different crystalline compounds in complex samples, was used to investigate a microscopic paint sample from a Van Gogh painting. A very rare lead mineral, plumbonacrite (3 PbCO3⋅ Pb(OH)2⋅PbO), was revealed to be present. This is the first reported occurrence of this compound in a painting dating from before the mid 20th century. It constitutes the missing link between on the one hand the photoinduced reduction of red lead and on the other hand (hydro)cerussite, and thus sheds new light on the whitening of red lead.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000351178300008 Publication Date 2015-02-20
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1433-7851; 0570-0833 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 11.994 Times cited 24 Open Access
Notes ; The authors acknowledge L. Van der Loeff and M. Leeuwestein (Kroller-Muller Museum) for providing the paint sample. We thank Dr. J. Jaroszewicz (WUT) for performing the CT measurements. This research was carried out at the light source PETRA III at DESY, a member of the Helmholtz Association (HGF). We thank Dr. G. Falkenberg and the members of his team for their assistance in using beam line P06. We acknowledge financial support from the University of Antwerp GOA projects “XANES meets EELS” and “SOLARPaint”, as well as from BELSPO (Brussels) Project S2-ART and FWO (Brussels) project “ESRF-Dubble”. ; Approved Most recent IF: 11.994; 2015 IF: 11.261
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:124620 Serial 5774
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Author (up) Vanmeert, F.; Van der Snickt, G.; Legrand, S.; Janssens, K.
Title Velázquez? A portrait of Pope Innocent X : an X-ray imaging investigation (II) Type H3 Book chapter
Year 2019 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 132-141 T2 - Velázquez : Anregungen, Vorschläge, L
Keywords H3 Book chapter; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Encompassing a broad spectrum of methodological approaches and aims, the scholars contributing to this volume offer renewed perspectives on the multifaceted oeuvre of Diego Velázquez. The seventeenth-century artist’s exceptional religious works as well as his numerous portraits are examined within the social and historical context of Velázquez’s milieu which included both the Spanish court as well as circles comprising important intellectual figures of his time. Following a close investigation of his works, which also includes the results of recent technological examinations on his paintings, the contributors to this volume offer new, exciting findings and discussions on the inspirations, sources and possible intentions of Velázquez.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos Publication Date
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN 978-3-99020-155-8 Additional Links UA library record
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved no
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:190783 Serial 8736
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Author (up) Vekemans, B.; Janssens, K.; Adams, F.; Andong, L.; He, Y.; Yiming, Y.
Title Evaluation of polycapillary lenses as focussing elements in sub-mm XRF analysis of artistic objects Type H3 Book chapter
Year 1998 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 278-290
Keywords H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos Publication Date
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume 41 Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:24652 Serial 5614
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Author (up) Vekemans, B.; Janssens, K.; Vincze, L.; Adams, F.; van Espen, P.
Title Analysis of X-ray spectra by iterative least squares (AXIL): new developments Type A1 Journal article
Year 1994 Publication X-ray spectrometry Abbreviated Journal
Volume 23 Issue Pages 278-285
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos A1994QF68500008 Publication Date 2005-05-28
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0049-8246 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved no
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:8933 Serial 5471
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author (up) Vekemans, B.; Janssens, K.; Vincze, L.; Aerts, A.; Adams, F.; Hertogen, J.
Title Automated segmentation of μ-XRF image sets Type A1 Journal article
Year 1997 Publication X-ray spectrometry Abbreviated Journal X-Ray Spectrom
Volume 26 Issue Pages 333-346
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos A1997YG79300005 Publication Date
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0049-8246 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 1.298 Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved Most recent IF: 1.298; 1997 IF: 1.307
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:18319 Serial 5486
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Author (up) Vekemans, B.; Vincze, L.; Vittiglio, G.; Janssens, K.; Adams, F.
Title Fluorescent tomography of phantom samples at the beamline L Type A3 Journal article
Year 1999 Publication HASYLAB Jahresbericht Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos Publication Date
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Additional Links UA library record
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:28218 Serial 5625
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Author (up) Verlinden, B.; Van Hoecke, K.; Aerts, A.; Daems, N.; Dobney, A.; Janssens, K.; Cardinaels, T.
Title Quantification of boron in cells for evaluation of drug agents used in boron neutron capture therapy Type A1 Journal article
Year 2021 Publication Journal Of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 36 Issue 3 Pages 598-606
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an extensively studied radiotherapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. BNCT is based on irradiation of malignant tumour cells with neutrons after uptake of a B-10 containing molecule. Alpha particles, locally produced by neutron irradiation kill the cancer cells. Important for ongoing research regarding cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of a large variety of B-10 containing molecules is the accurate determination of boron concentrations in cell cultures. In this work, the sample preparation for quantitative inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis on cell cultures was optimized. By making use of acid digestion combined with UV digestion, low detection limits (0.4 mu g L-1) and full recoveries of boron could be achieved while measurements were free of spectral and non-spectral interferences. Finally, cell-associated boron in the form of 4-borono-l-phenylalanine (l-BPA) in vascular endothelial cell cultures could be determined with ICP-MS as (1.26 +/- 0.10) x 10(9) boron atoms per cell. The developed method can prove its importance for further BNCT research and elemental analysis of cell cultures.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000629283400009 Publication Date 2021-01-14
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited Open Access Not_Open_Access
Notes Approved Most recent IF: 3.379
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:177656 Serial 8435
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Author (up) Vermeulen, M.; Janssens, K.; Sanyova, J.; Rahemi, V.; McGlinchey, C.; De Wael, K.
Title Assessing the stability of arsenic sulfide pigments and influence of the binding media on their degradation by means of spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques Type A1 Journal article
Year 2018 Publication Microchemical journal Abbreviated Journal Microchem J
Volume 138 Issue 138 Pages 82-91
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract In this paper, we used the semiconducting and lightfastness properties of synthetic and mineral arsenic sulfide pigments to study their stability by means of electrochemical and microfadometric techniques. A combination of these techniques shows that in the early stage of the degradation process, amorphous arsenic sulfides are more stable than both crystalline forms, while upon longer exposure time, amorphous pigments will fade more than both mineral pigments, making it less suitable. While the stability study was carried out on unbound pigments, the influence of the organic binder on the relative degradation of the arsenic sulfide pigments was investigated through a multi-analytical approach on pigment/binder mock-up paint samples. For this purpose, the formation of arsenic trioxide was assessed by micro Fourier transform infrared (μ-FTIR) spectroscopy while the influence of the binder on the formation of sulfates was studied by means of synchrotron radiation X-ray near edge structure (μ-XANES). Both techniques elucidate a higher stability of all pigments in gum arabic while the use of egg yolk as binder leads to the most degradation, most likely due to its sulfur-rich composition. In the context of the degradation of arsenic sulfide pigments, other binders such as animal glue, egg white or linseed oil show an intermediate impact.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000428103000010 Publication Date 2018-01-06
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0026-265x; 0026-265x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.034 Times cited 4 Open Access
Notes ; This research is made possible with the support of the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO, Brussels) through the research program Science for a Sustainable Development – SDD, “Long-term role and fate of metal-sulfides in painted works of art – S2ART” (grant number SD/RI/04A). We gratefully acknowledge Megane Willems (Institut Paul-Lambin) for her help with mu-FFIR analyses and realization of the mock-up paint samples. We acknowledge the Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland for provision of synchrotron radiation beamtime at beamline Phoenix of the SLS. ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.034
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:150149 Serial 5482
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Author (up) Vermeulen, M.; Nuyts, G.; Sanyova, J.; Vila, A.; Buti, D.; Suuronen, J.-P.; Janssens, K.
Title Visualization of As(III) and As(V) distributions in degraded paint micro-samples from Baroque- and Rococo-era paintings Type A1 Journal article
Year 2016 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 31 Issue 9 Pages 1913-1921
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Orpiment and realgar, both arsenic sulfide pigments respectively used for their vivid yellow and red-orange hues, are two of many artists' pigments that appear not to be stable upon light exposure, quickly degrading to arsenic trioxide and arsenate. This often results in whitening or transparency in the painted surfaces. While conventional techniques such as microscopic Raman (mu-RS) and microscopic Fourier transform infrared (mu-FTIR) spectroscopies can allow a quick and relatively easy identification of the orpiment, realgar, artificial arsenic sulfide glass and, to some extent, arsenic oxide, the identification and visualization of distributions of the degradation products – and especially arsenate compounds – in the paint micro-samples is generally more challenging. This challenge is due to the rather unfavorable limit of detection and low spectral resolution of such conventional spectroscopic techniques. This restricts the conclusions that can be drawn regarding the conservation state of valuable works of art. In this paper, we present how synchrotron radiation (SR) based techniques can overcome this challenge while working on painting cross-sections taken from a 17th-century painting by the Flemish artist Daniel Seghers (oil on canvas, Statens Museum for Kunst, Denmark) and an 18th-century French Chinoiserie (private collection, France). SR micro-X-ray fluorescence (m-XRF) mapping analysis performed on a visually degraded orpiment-containing paint stratigraphy reveals that arsenic is distributed throughout the entire cross-section, while X-ray absorption near edge structure (mu-XANES) demonstrated that the arsenic is present in both arsenite (As-III) and arsenate (As-V) forms. The latter compound(s), despite being barely identifiable by means of FTIR, were not only located at the surface of large and partially altered grains of arsenic sulfide but also spread throughout the entire paint stratigraphy. Their presence and distribution are attributed either to the complete degradation of smaller arsenic sulfide grains or to migration of the arsenates within the paint layer away from their original location of formation. The combination of mu-XRF and mu-XANES was very useful for the characterization of the advanced degradation state of the arsenic-containing pigments in paint systems; this type of information could not be obtained by means of conventional spectroscopic methods of microanalysis.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000382071200017 Publication Date 2016-08-01
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 20 Open Access
Notes ; This research is made possible with the support of the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO) through the research program Science for a Sustainable Development – SDD, “Long-term role and fate of metal-sulfides in painted works of art – S2ART” (SD/RI/04A). The CATS gratefully acknowledge VILLUM FONDEN and VELUX FONDEN for infra-structural financial support as well as Anne Haack Christensen, Hannah Tempest and Johanne M. Nielsen for their help and suggestions. The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility is acknowledged for provision of synchrotron radiation facilities. ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.379
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:135691 Serial 5907
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author (up) Vermeulen, M.; Sanyova, J.; Janssens, K.
Title Identification of artificial orpiment in the interior decorations of the Japanese tower in Laeken, Brussels, Belgium Type A1 Journal article
Year 2015 Publication Heritage science Abbreviated Journal
Volume 3 Issue Pages Unsp 9
Keywords A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract In this paper, we used a multi-technique approach in order to identify the arsenic sulfide pigment used in the decorative panels of the Japanese tower in Laeken, Belgium. Our attention was drawn to this particular pigment because of its relatively good conservation state, despite its known tendency to fade over time when exposed to light. The pigment was used with different painting techniques, bound with oil and urushi in the lacquers and with an aqueous binder in the mat relief panels. In the latter case it is always applied as an underlayer mixed with ultramarine blue. This quite unusual pigment mixture also shows a good state of preservation. In this study, the orpiment used for the Japanese tower has been identified as an amorphous arsenic sulfide glass (AsxSx) with the aid of light microscopy, PLM, SEM-EDX and Raman microscopy. The pigment features different degrees of As4S4 monomer units in its structure, also known as realgar-like nano-phases. This most likely indicates different synthesis processes as the formation of these As4S4 monomers is dependent of the quenching temperature (Tq) to which the artificial pigment is exposed during the preparation phase.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000356920400001 Publication Date 2015-02-25
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2050-7445 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited 17 Open Access
Notes ; We cordially thank Gunter Grundmann for his precious advice regarding PLM and arsenic sulfide glass. This research is made possible with the support of the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO) through the research program Science for a Sustainable Development – SDD, “Long-term role and fate of metal-sulfides in painted works of art – S2ART” (SD/RI/04A). ; Approved Most recent IF: NA
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:124904 Serial 5649
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author (up) Vermeulen, M.; Sanyova, J.; Janssens, K.; Nuyts, G.; De Meyer, S.; De Wael, K.
Title The darkening of copper- or lead-based pigments explained by a structural modification of natural orpiment : a spectroscopic and electrochemical study Type A1 Journal article
Year 2017 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 32 Issue 7 Pages 1331-1341
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract A combined Raman and electrochemical study of natural orpiment (As2S3), an arsenic sulfide pigment, was used to assess the quick formation of oxidized species such as arsenic oxide (As2O3) upon exposing the pigment to 405 nm or 532 nm monochromatic light while simultaneously recording the Raman spectra of the exposed sample. During this process, a distortion of the main band at 355 cm−1, associated with the stretching of the AsS3/2 pyramids of natural orpiment, was observed as well as an increased intensity of the 359 cm−1 band, corresponding to covalent AsAs bonds in natural orpiment. The distortion was accompanied by an overall decrease of the global Raman signal for natural orpiment, which could be explained by a loss in the crystal structure. The same phenomena were recorded in reference natural orpiment model paint samples stored for a long time together with verdigris (Cu(OH)2·(CH3COO)2·5H2O) and minium (Pb3O4) paints, the latter two appearing darkened on their sides closest to the orpiment sample as well as in several historical samples containing natural orpiment mixed with various blue pigments. By SEM-EDX and XRPD analysis, respectively on loose material and cast thin-sections of model paint samples, the darkening was identified as dark sulfide species such as chalcocite (Cu2S) and galena (PbS), suggesting the release of volatile sulfide or related species by the natural orpiment paint. XANES analyses of paint samples presenting AsAs bond increase indicated the presence of sulfur species most likely identified as organosulfur compounds formed upon the AsAs bond formation and explained the darkening of the Cu- and Pb-based pigments. To the best of our knowledge, this article reports for the first time the light-induced formation of AsAs bonds in natural orpiment used as an artists' pigment and objectively demonstrates the incompatibility between orpiment and (arsenic) sulfide-sensitive pigments.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000404998500007 Publication Date 2017-05-31
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 10 Open Access
Notes ; This research is made possible with the support of the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO, Brussels) through the research program Science for a Sustainable Development – SDD, “Long-term role and fate of metal-sulfides in painted works of art – S2ART” (SD/RI/04A). We gratefully acknowledge Julie Arslanoglu (Conservation and Scientific Research Department at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA) for providing us the orpiment, verdigris and minium mock-up samples. We gratefully acknowledge the Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland and the German Electron Synchrotron (DESY) for provision of synchrotron radiation beamtimes at respectively beamlines of the SLS and Petra III. ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.379
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:144384 Serial 5564
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author (up) Vermeulen, M.; Saverwyns, S.; Coudray, A.; Janssens, K.; Sanyova, J.
Title Identification by Raman spectroscopy of pararealgar as a starting material in the synthesis of amorphous arsenic sulfide pigments Type A1 Journal article
Year 2018 Publication Dyes and pigments Abbreviated Journal Dyes Pigments
Volume 149 Issue 149 Pages 290-297
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract In this study, a combination of elemental analytical techniques (MA-XRF and SEM-EDX) were used to localize arsenic sulfide pigments within a 17th-century Dutch painting and in the stratigraphy of an 18th-century Flemish polychrome sculpture. Once located, Raman spectroscopy was used to obtain the vibrational signature of the arsenic sulfide pigments employed. By means of the latter analytical technique and due to the very distinctive Raman scattering signal of the various arsenic sulfide compounds, it was possible to identify the arsenic-based pigments as natural orpiment and amorphous arsenic sulfide. In the latter case, based on the minor bands observed and the good condition of the paint layers, it was possible to identify pararealgar, the orangey-yellow to yellow degradation product of realgar, as the initial arsenic sulfide material used for the synthesis of the amorphous pigment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that combined pararealgar/amorphous arsenic sulfide Raman spectra are reported in historical samples. Therefore, this would be the first identification of pararealgar as the starting material to produce amorphous, arsenic sulfide pigments used in artworks.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000423246900033 Publication Date 2017-10-12
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0143-7208 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.473 Times cited 7 Open Access
Notes ; This research is made possible with the support of the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO, Brussels) through the research program Science for a Sustainable Development SDD: “Long-term role and fate of metal -sulfides in painted works of art S2ART” (SD/RI/04A). The authors would like to acknowledge the owner of the Abraham Mignon painting, Cecile Glaude for her help with SEM-EDX analyses as well as Livia Depuyt, Carlota Barbosa and Athanasia Fragkou for their assistance. The authors also acknowledge Dr. Karel Palka and Prof. Miroslav Week for their help with the synthesis of the amorphous arsenic sulfide references. ; Approved Most recent IF: 3.473
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:149307 Serial 5648
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author (up) Vincze, L.; Janssens, K.; Adams, F.
Title A general Monte-Carlo simulation of energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometers : 1 : unpolarized radiation, homogenious samples Type A1 Journal article
Year 1993 Publication Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy Abbreviated Journal
Volume 48 Issue 4 Pages 553-573
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract A general Monte Carlo program for the simulation of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometers is presented. The global layout of the program is discussed and the way in which variance reduction techniques have been employed to improve the efficiency of the code is described. For the case of polychromatic excitation in a direct excitation energy-dispersive (ED) XRF instrument, experimentally collected ED-XRF spectra are compared with simulated spectral distributions. Applications of the software in the field of quantitative analysis and thickness estimation of samples of intermediate thickness illustrate the potential of the method.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos A1993KY21500006 Publication Date 2002-07-25
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0584-8547; 0038-6987 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved no
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:6118 Serial 5632
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author (up) Vincze, L.; Janssens, K.; Adams, F.
Title Optics for X-ray microfluorescence to be used at the European synchrotron radiation facility Type A1 Journal article
Year 1994 Publication Advances in X-ray analysis Abbreviated Journal
Volume 37 Issue Pages 553-563
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos A1994BB55S00067 Publication Date
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0376-0308 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved no
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:8930 Serial 5757
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author (up) Vincze, L.; Janssens, K.; Adams, F.
Title X-ray optics for synchrotron-radiation-induced X-ray micro fluorescence at the european synchrotron-radiation facility, Grenoble Type A1 Journal article
Year 1993 Publication Institute of physics conference series Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue 130 Pages 613-616
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Different optical designs for generating synchrotron x-ray micro beams suitable for use in an X-ray fluorescence microscope using an ESRF bending magnet X-ray source are compared. Attention is devoted to the spatial and energy distribution of the photons in the micro beam and to the minimum detection limits that are achievable with each alternative optical system.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos A1993LW34000126 Publication Date
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0305-2346 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved no
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:104541 Serial 5917
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author (up) Vincze, L.; Janssens, K.; Adams, F.; Engström, P.; Rindby, A.
Title Interpretation of cappilary generated spatial and angular distribution of X-rays: theoretical modeling and experimental verification using the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility Optical Beamline Type A1 Journal article
Year 1998 Publication The review of scientific instruments Abbreviated Journal Rev Sci Instrum
Volume 69 Issue 10 Pages 3494-3503
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000076430000005 Publication Date 2002-07-26
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0034-6748 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 1.515 Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved Most recent IF: 1.515; 1998 IF: 1.177
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:22764 Serial 5669
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author (up) Vincze, L.; Janssens, K.; Adams, F.; Jones, K.
Title Quantitative mu-XRF analysis of heterogeneous samples Type P1 Proceeding
Year 1995 Publication Microbeam Analysis 1995: Proceedings Of The 29th Annual Conference Of The Microbeam Analysis Society Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 175-176
Keywords P1 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos A1995BE26U00079 Publication Date
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1-56081-919-7 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved no
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:104455 Serial 5795
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author (up) Vincze, L.; Janssens, K.; Adams, F.; Larsson, S.; Rindby, A.; Engstrom, P.
Title Parameters influencing focussing capabilities of capillary optics Type P1 Proceeding
Year 1995 Publication Microbeam Analysis 1995: Proceedings Of The 29th Annual Conference Of The Microbeam Analysis Society Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 161-162
Keywords P1 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos A1995BE26U00072 Publication Date
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1-56081-919-7 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record
Impact Factor Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved no
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:104454 Serial 5767
Permanent link to this record