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“RRAMs based on anionic and cationic switching : a short overview”. Clima S, Sankaran K, Chen YY, Fantini A, Celano U, Belmonte A, Zhang L, Goux L, Govoreanu B, Degraeve R, Wouters DJ, Jurczak M, Vandervorst W, Gendt SD, Pourtois G;, Physica status solidi: rapid research letters 8, 501 (2014). http://doi.org/10.1002/pssr.201409054
Abstract: Resistive random access memories are emerging as a new type of memory that has the potential to combine both the speed of volatile and the retention of nonvolatile memories. It operates based on the formation/dissolution of a low-resistivity filament being constituted of either metallic ions or atomic vacancies within an insulating matrix. At present, the mechanisms and the parameters controlling the performances of the device remain unclear. In that respect, first-principles simulations provide useful insights on the atomistic mechanisms, the thermodynamic and kinetics factors that modulate the material conductivity, providing guidance into the engineering of the operation of the device. In this paper, we review the current state-of-the-art knowledge on the atomistic switching mechanisms driving the operation of copper-based conductive bridge RRAM and HfOx valence change RRAM. [GRAPHICS] Conceptual illustration of the RRAM device with the filament formation and disruption during its operation. AE/IM/CE are the active electrode/insulating matrix/counterelectrode. The blue circles represent the conducting defects. (C) 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Impact Factor: 3.032
Times cited: 28
DOI: 10.1002/pssr.201409054
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“Topological surface state enhanced photothermoelectric effect in Bi2Se3 nanoribbons”. Yan Y, Liao ZM, Ke X, Van Tendeloo G, Wang Q, Sun D, Yao W, Zhou S, Zhang L, Wu HC, Yu DP;, Nano letters 14, 4389 (2014). http://doi.org/10.1021/nl501276e
Abstract: The photothermoelectric effect in topological insulator Bi2Se3 nanoribbons is studied. The topological surface states are excited to be spin-polarized by circularly polarized light. Because the direction of the electron spin is locked to its momentum for the spin-helical surface states, the photothermoelectric effect is significantly enhanced as the oriented motions of the polarized spins are accelerated by the temperature gradient. The results are explained based on the microscopic mechanisms of a photon induced spin transition from the surface Dirac cone to the bulk conduction band. The as-reported enhanced photothermoelectric effect is expected to have potential applications in a spin-polarized power source.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 12.712
Times cited: 51
DOI: 10.1021/nl501276e
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Afanasov IM, Shornikova ON, Kirilenko DA, Vlasov II, Zhang L, Verbeeck J, Avdeev VV, Van Tendeloo G (2010) Graphite structural transformations during intercalation by HNO3 and exfoliation. Oxford, 1862–1865
Abstract: Expandable graphite of two types was synthesized by (1) hydrolysis of graphite nitrate of II stage and (2) anodic polarization of graphite in 60% HNO3. Exfoliated graphite samples were produced by thermal shock of expandable graphite samples in air at 900 °C. A comparative study of microstructural distinctions of both expandable and exfoliated graphite samples was carried out using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy.
Keywords: L1 Letter to the editor; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 6.337
Times cited: 43
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2010.01.055
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“Color-switchable nanosilicon fluorescent probes”. Chen H, Xu J, Wang Y, Wang D, Ferrer-Espada R, Wang Y, Zhou J, Pedrazo-Tardajos A, Yang M, Tan J-H, Yang X, Zhang L, Sychugov I, Chen S, Bals S, Paulsson J, Yang Z, ACS nano 16, 15450 (2022). http://doi.org/10.1021/ACSNANO.2C07443
Abstract: Fluorescent probes are vital to cell imaging by allowing specific parts of cells to be visualized and quantified. Color-switchable probes (CSPs), with tunable emission wavelength upon contact with specific targets, are particularly powerful because they not only eliminate the need to wash away all unbound probe but also allow for internal controls of probe concentrations, thereby facilitating quantification. Several such CSPs exist and have proven very useful, but not for all key cellular targets. Here we report a pioneering CSP for in situ cell imaging using aldehydefunctionalized silicon nanocrystals (SiNCs) that switch their intrinsic photoluminescence from red to blue quickly when interacting with amino acids in live cells. Though conventional probes often work better in cell-free extracts than in live cells, the SiNCs display the opposite behavior and function well and fast in universal cell lines at 37 ? while requiring much higher temperature in extracts. Furthermore, the SiNCs only disperse in cytoplasm not nucleus, and their fluorescence intensity correlated linearly with the concentration of fed amino acids. We believe these nanosilicon probes will be promising tools to visualize distribution of amino acids and potentially quantify amino acid related processes in live cells.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 17.1
Times cited: 1
DOI: 10.1021/ACSNANO.2C07443
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“Diamond nucleation by carbon transport from buried nanodiamond TiO2 sol-gel composites”. Doenen M, Zhang L, Erni R, Williams OA, Hardy A, van Bael MK, Wagner P, Haenen K, Nesladek M, Van Tendeloo G, Advanced materials 21, 670 (2009). http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200802305
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 19.791
Times cited: 20
DOI: 10.1002/adma.200802305
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“Theoretical investigation of grain size tuning during prolonged bias-enhanced nucleation”. Eckert M, Mortet V, Zhang L, Neyts E, Verbeeck J, Haenen ken, Bogaerts A, Chemistry of materials 23, 1414 (2011). http://doi.org/10.1021/cm102481y
Abstract: In this paper, the effects of prolonged bias-enhanced nucleation (prolonged BEN) on the growth mechanisms of diamond are investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) and combined MD-Metropolis Monte Carlo (MD-MMC) simulations. First, cumulative impacts of CxHy+ and Hx+ on an a-C:H/nanodiamond composite were simulated; second, nonconsecutive impacts of the dominant ions were simulated in order to understand the observed phenomena in more detail. As stated in the existing literature, the growth of diamond structures during prolonged BEN is a process that takes place below the surface of the growing film. The investigation of the penetration behavior of CxHy+ and Hx+ species shows that the carbon-containing ions remain trapped within this amorphous phase where they dominate mechanisms like precipitation of sp3 carbon clusters. The H+ ions, however, penetrate into the crystalline phase at high bias voltages (>100 V), destroying the perfect diamond structure. The experimentally measured reduction of grain sizes at high bias voltage, reported in the literature, might thus be related to penetrating H+ ions. Furthermore, the CxHy+ ions are found to be the most efficient sputtering agents, preventing the build up of defective material.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Impact Factor: 9.466
Times cited: 9
DOI: 10.1021/cm102481y
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“Superconducting nanoribbon with a constriction : a quantum-confined Josephson junction”. Flammia L, Zhang L-F, Covaci L, Perali A, Milošević, MV, Physical review B 97, 134514 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVB.97.134514
Abstract: Extended defects are known to strongly affect nanoscale superconductors. Here, we report the properties of superconducting nanoribbons with a constriction formed between two adjacent step edges by solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations self-consistently in the regime where quantum confinement is important. Since the quantum resonances of the superconducting gap in the constricted area are different from the rest of the nanoribbon, such constriction forms a quantum-confined S-S'-S Josephson junction, with a broadly tunable performance depending on the length and width of the constriction with respect to the nanoribbon, and possible gating. These findings provide an intriguing approach to further tailor superconducting quantum devices where Josephson effect is of use.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
Impact Factor: 3.836
Times cited: 7
DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVB.97.134514
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“Orbital-hybridization-driven charge density wave transition in CsV₃Sb₅, kagome superconductor”. Han S, Tang CS, Li L, Liu Y, Liu H, Gou J, Wu J, Zhou D, Yang P, Diao C, Ji J, Bao J, Zhang L, Zhao M, Milošević, MV, Guo Y, Tian L, Breese MBH, Cao G, Cai C, Wee ATS, Yin X, Advanced materials , 1 (2022). http://doi.org/10.1002/ADMA.202209010
Abstract: Owing to its inherent non-trivial geometry, the unique structural motif of the recently discovered kagome topological superconductor AV(3)Sb(5) (A = K, Rb, Cs) is an ideal host of diverse topologically non-trivial phenomena, including giant anomalous Hall conductivity, topological charge order, charge density wave (CDW), and unconventional superconductivity. Despite possessing a normal-state CDW order in the form of topological chiral charge order and diverse superconducting gaps structures, it remains unclear how fundamental atomic-level properties and many-body effects including Fermi surface nesting, electron-phonon coupling, and orbital hybridization contribute to these symmetry-breaking phenomena. Here, the direct participation of the V3d-Sb5p orbital hybridization in mediating the CDW phase transition in CsV3Sb5 is reported. The combination of temperature-dependent X-ray absorption and first-principles studies clearly indicates the inverse Star-of-David structure as the preferred reconstruction in the low-temperature CDW phase. The results highlight the critical role that Sb orbitals play and establish orbital hybridization as the direct mediator of the CDW states and structural transition dynamics in kagome unconventional superconductors. This is a significant step toward the fundamental understanding and control of the emerging correlated phases from the kagome lattice through the orbital interactions and provides promising approaches to novel regimes in unconventional orders and topology.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
Impact Factor: 29.4
Times cited: 1
DOI: 10.1002/ADMA.202209010
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“Extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) has angiogenic properties and is expressed by breast tumor cells”. Han Z, Ni J, Smits P, Underhill C, Xie B, Chen Y, Liu N, Tylzanowski P, Parmelee D, Feng P, Ding I, Gao F, Gentz R, Huylebroeck D, Merregaert J, Zhang L, The FASEB journal 15, 988 (2001). http://doi.org/10.1096/fj.99-0934com
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Times cited: 94
DOI: 10.1096/fj.99-0934com
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“Interface cation migration kinetics induced oxygen release heterogeneity in layered lithium cathodes”. Li C-F, Zhao K, Liao X, Hu Z-Y, Zhang L, Zhao Y, Mu S, Li Y, Li Y, Van Tendeloo G, Sun C, Energy Storage Materials 36, 115 (2021). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENSM.2020.12.018
Abstract: The irreversible release of the lattice oxygen in layered cathodes is one of the major degradation mechanisms of lithium ion batteries, which accounts for a number of battery failures including the voltage/capacity fade, loss of cation ions and detachment of the primary particles, etc. Oxygen release is generally attributed to the stepwise thermodynamic controlled phase transitions from the layered to spinel and rock salt phases. Here, we report a strong kinetic effect from the mobility of cation ions, whose migration barrier can be significantly modulated by the phase epitaxy at the degrading interface. It ends up with a clear oxygen release heterogeneity and completely different reaction pathways between the thin and thick areas, as well as the interparticle valence boundaries, both of which widely exist in the mainstream cathode design with the secondary agglomerates. This work unveils the origin of the heterogenous oxygen release in the layered cathodes. It also sheds light on the rational design of cathode materials with enhanced oxygen stability by suppressing the cation migration.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENSM.2020.12.018
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“Two-in-one solution using insect wings to produce graphene-graphite films for efficient electrocatalysis”. Li H, Zhang L, Li L, Wu C, Huo Y, Chen Y, Liu X, Ke X, Luo J, Van Tendeloo G, Nano Research 12, 33 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1007/S12274-018-2172-Z
Abstract: Natural organisms contain rich elements and naturally optimized smart structures, both of which have inspired various innovative concepts and designs in human society. In particular, several natural organisms have been used as element sources to synthesize low-cost and environmentally friendly electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells and metal-air batteries, which are clean energy devices. However, to date, no naturally optimized smart structures have been employed in the synthesis of ORR catalysts, including graphene-based materials. Here, we demonstrate a novel strategy to synthesize graphene-graphite films (GGFs) by heating butterfly wings coated with FeCl3 in N-2, in which the full power of natural organisms is utilized. The wings work not only as an element source for GGF generation but also as a porous supporting structure for effective nitrogen doping, two-dimensional spreading, and double-face exposure of the GGFs. These GGFs exhibit a half-wave potential of 0.942 V and a H2O2 yield of < 0.07% for ORR electrocatalysis; these values are comparable to those for the best commercial Pt/C and all previously reported ORR catalysts in alkaline media. This two-in-one strategy is also successful with cicada and dragonfly wings, indicating that it is a universal, green, and cost-effective method for developing high-performance graphene-based materials.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 7.354
Times cited: 7
DOI: 10.1007/S12274-018-2172-Z
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“Stomatal shape described by a superellipse in four Magnoliaceae species”. Li Q, Niklas KJJ, Niinemets U, Zhang L, Yu K, Gielis J, Gao J, Shi P, Botany letters , 1 (2023). http://doi.org/10.1080/23818107.2023.2234443
Abstract: Stomata are essential for the exchange of water vapour and atmospheric gases between vascular plants and their external environments. The stomatal geometries of many plants appear to be elliptical. However, prior studies have not tested whether this is a mathematical reality, particularly since many natural shapes that appear to be ellipses are superellipses with greater or smaller edge curvature than predicted for an ellipse. Compared with the ellipse equation, the superellipse equation includes an additional parameter that allows generation of a larger range of shapes. We randomly selected 240 stomata from each of four Magnoliaceae species to test whether the stomatal geometries are superellipses or ellipses. The stomatal geometries for most stomata (943/960) were found to be described better using the superellipse equation. The traditional “elliptical stomata hypothesis” resulted in an underestimation of the area of stomata, whereas the superellipse equation accurately predicted stomatal area. This finding has important implications for the estimation of stomatal area in studies looking at stomatal shape, geometry, and function.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
Impact Factor: 1.5
DOI: 10.1080/23818107.2023.2234443
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“A generalized performance equation and its application in measuring the Gini index of leaf size inequality”. Lian M, Shi P, Zhang L, Yao W, Gielis J, Niklas KJ, Trees: structure and function 37, 1555 (2023). http://doi.org/10.1007/S00468-023-02448-8
Abstract: The goal of this study is to provide a rigorous tool to quantify the inequality of the leaf size distribution of an individual plant, thereby serving as a reference trait for quantifying plant adaptations to local environmental conditions. The tool to be presented and tested employs three components: (1) a performance equation (PE), which can produce flexible asymmetrical and symmetrical bell-shaped curves, (2) the Lorenz curve (i.e., the cumulative proportion of leaf size vs. the cumulative proportion of number of leaves), which is the basis for calculating, and (3) the Gini index, which measures the inequality of leaf size distribution. We sampled 12 individual plants of a dwarf bamboo and measured the area and dry mass of each leaf of each plant. We then developed a generalized performance equation (GPE) of which the PE is a special case and fitted the Lorenz curve to leaf size distribution using the GPE and PE. The GPE performed better than the PE in fitting the Lorenz curve. We compared the Gini index of leaf area distribution with that of leaf dry mass distribution and found that there was a significant difference between the two indices that might emerge from the scaling relationship between leaf dry mass and area. Nevertheless, there was a strong correlation between the two Gini indices (r2 = 0.9846). This study provides a promising tool based on the GPE for quantifying the inequality of leaf size distributions across individual plants and can be used to quantify plant adaptations to local environmental conditions.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
Impact Factor: 2.3
DOI: 10.1007/S00468-023-02448-8
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“A geometrical model for testing bilateral symmetry of bamboo leaf with a simplified Gielis equation”. Lin S, Zhang L, Reddy GVP, Hui C, Gielis J, Ding Y, Shi P, Ecology and evolution 6, 6798 (2016). http://doi.org/10.1002/ECE3.2407
Abstract: The size and shape of plant leaves change with growth, and an accurate description of leaf shape is crucial for describing plant morphogenesis and development. Bilateral symmetry, which has been widely observed but poorly examined, occurs in both dicot and monocot leaves, including all nominated bamboo species (approximately 1,300 species), of which at least 500 are found in China. Although there are apparent differences in leaf size among bamboo species due to genetic and environmental profiles, bamboo leaves have bilateral symmetry with parallel venation and appear similar across species. Here, we investigate whether the shape of bamboo leaves can be accurately described by a simplified Gielis equation, which consists of only two parameters (leaf length and shape) and produces a perfect bilateral shape. To test the applicability of this equation and the occurrence of bilateral symmetry, we first measured the leaf length of 42 bamboo species, examining >500 leaves per species. We then scanned 30 leaves per species that had approximately the same length as the median leaf length for that species. The leaf-shape data from scanned profiles were fitted to the simplified Gielis equation. Results confirmed that the equation fits the leaf-shape data extremely well, with the coefficients of determination being 0.995 on average. We further demonstrated the bilateral symmetry of bamboo leaves, with a clearly defined leaf-shape parameter of all 42 bamboo species investigated ranging from 0.02 to 0.1. This results in a simple and reliable tool for precise determination of bamboo species, with applications in forestry, ecology, and taxonomy.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1002/ECE3.2407
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“A versatile plasma tool for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes and few-layer graphene sheets”. Malesevic A, Kemps R, Zhang L, Erni R, Van Tendeloo G, Vanhulsel A, van Haesendonck C, Journal of optoelectronics and advanced materials 10, 2052 (2008)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 0.449
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“Synthesis of few-layer graphene via microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition”. Malesevic A, Vitchev R, Schouteden K, Volodin A, Zhang L, Van Tendeloo G, Vanhulsel A, van Haesendonck C, Nanotechnology 19, 305604 (2008). http://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/19/30/305604
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 3.44
Times cited: 309
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/30/305604
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“Characterization of nano-crystalline diamond films grown under continuous DC bias during plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition”. Mortet V, Zhang L, Echert M, Soltani A, d' Haen J, Douheret O, Moreau M, Osswald S, Neyts E, Troadec D, Wagner P, Bogaerts A, Van Tendeloo G, Haenen K, Materials Research Society symposium proceedings (2009). http://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-1203-J05-03
Abstract: Nanocrystalline diamond films have generated much interested due to their diamond-like properties and low surface roughness. Several techniques have been used to obtain a high re-nucleation rate, such as hydrogen poor or high methane concentration plasmas. In this work, the properties of nano-diamond films grown on silicon substrates using a continuous DC bias voltage during the complete duration of growth are studied. Subsequently, the layers were characterised by several morphological, structural and optical techniques. Besides a thorough investigation of the surface structure, using SEM and AFM, special attention was paid to the bulk structure of the films. The application of FTIR, XRD, multi wavelength Raman spectroscopy, TEM and EELS yielded a detailed insight in important properties such as the amount of crystallinity, the hydrogen content and grain size. Although these films are smooth, they are under a considerable compressive stress. FTIR spectroscopy points to a high hydrogen content in the films, while Raman and EELS indicate a high concentration of sp2 carbon. TEM and EELS show that these films consist of diamond nano-grains mixed with an amorphous sp2 bonded carbon, these results are consistent with the XRD and UV Raman spectroscopy data.
Keywords: A3 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
DOI: 10.1557/PROC-1203-J05-03
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“Grain size tuning of nanocrystalline chemical vapor deposited diamond by continuous electrical bias growth : experimental and theoretical study”. Mortet V, Zhang L, Eckert M, D'Haen J, Soltani A, Moreau M, Troadec D, Neyts E, De Jaeger JC, Verbeeck J, Bogaerts A, Van Tendeloo G, Haenen K, Wagner P, Physica status solidi : A : applications and materials science 209, 1675 (2012). http://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201200581
Abstract: In this work, a detailed structural and spectroscopic study of nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) thin films grown by a continuous bias assisted CVD growth technique is reported. This technique allows the tuning of grain size and phase purity in the deposited material. The crystalline properties of the films are characterized by SEM, TEM, EELS, and Raman spectroscopy. A clear improvement of the crystalline structure of the nanograined diamond film is observed for low negative bias voltages, while high bias voltages lead to thin films consisting of diamond grains of only ∼10 nm nanometer in size, showing remarkable similarities with so-called ultrananocrystalline diamond. These layers arecharacterized by an increasing amount of sp2-bonded carbon content of the matrix in which the diamond grains are embedded. Classical molecular dynamics simulations support the observed experimental data, giving insight in the underlying mechanism for the observed increase in deposition rate with bias voltage. Furthermore, a high atomic concentration of hydrogen has been determined in these films. Finally, Raman scattering analyses confirm that the Raman line observed at ∼1150 cm−1 cannot be attributed to trans-poly-acetylene, which continues to be reported in literature, reassigning it to a deformation mode of CHx bonds in NCD.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Impact Factor: 1.775
Times cited: 31
DOI: 10.1002/pssa.201200581
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“Breaking structure sensitivity in CO2 hydrogenation by tuning metal–oxide interfaces in supported cobalt nanoparticles”. Parastaev A, Muravev V, Osta EH, Kimpel TF, Simons JFM, van Hoof AJF, Uslamin E, Zhang L, Struijs JJC, Burueva DB, Pokochueva EV, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV, Villar-Garcia IJ, Escudero C, Altantzis T, Liu P, Béché, A, Bals S, Kosinov N, Hensen EJM, Nature Catalysis 5, 1051 (2022). http://doi.org/10.1038/s41929-022-00874-4
Abstract: A high dispersion of the active metal phase of transition metals on oxide supports is important when designing efficient heterogeneous catalysts. Besides nanoparticles, clusters and even single metal atoms can be attractive for a wide range of reactions. However, many industrially relevant catalytic transformations suffer from structure sensitivity, where reducing the size of the metal particles below a certain size substantially lowers catalytic performance. A case in point is the low activity of small cobalt nanoparticles in the hydrogenation of CO and CO2. Here we show how engineering of catalytic sites at the metal–oxide interface in cerium oxide–zirconium dioxide (ceria–zirconia)-supported cobalt can overcome this structure sensitivity. Few-atom cobalt clusters dispersed on 3 nm cobalt(II)-oxide particles stabilized by ceria–zirconia yielded a highly active CO2 methanation catalyst with a specific activity higher than that of larger particles under the same conditions.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Applied Electrochemistry & Catalysis (ELCAT)
Impact Factor: 37.8
Times cited: 32
DOI: 10.1038/s41929-022-00874-4
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“The extracellular matrix protein 1: its molecular interaction and implication in tumor progression”. Sercu S, Zhang L, Merregaert J, Cancer investigation 26, 375 (2008). http://doi.org/10.1080/07357900701788148
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 2.007
Times cited: 41
DOI: 10.1080/07357900701788148
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“Leaf area-length allometry and its implications in leaf shape evolution”. Shi P, Liu M, Ratkowsky DA, Gielis J, Su J, Yu X, Wang P, Zhang L, Lin Z, Schrader J, Trees: structure and function 33, 1073 (2019). http://doi.org/10.1007/S00468-019-01843-4
Abstract: According to Thompson’s principle of similarity, the area of an object should be proportional to its length squared. However, leaf area–length data of some plants have been demonstrated not to follow the principle of similarity. We explore the reasons why the leaf area–length allometry deviates from the principle of similarity and examine whether there is a general model describing the relationship among leaf area, width and length. We sampled more than 11,800 leaves from six classes of woody and herbaceous plants and tested the leaf area–length allometry. We compared six mathematical models based on root-mean-square error as the measure of goodness-of-fit. The best supported model described a proportional relationship between leaf area and the product of leaf width and length (i.e., the Montgomery model). We found that the extent to which the leaf area–length allometry deviates from the principle of similarity depends upon the extent of variation of the ratio of leaf width to length. Estimates of the parameter of the Montgomery model ranged between 1/2, which corresponds to a triangular leaf with leaf length as its height and leaf width as its base, and π/4, which corresponds to an elliptical leaf with leaf length as its major axis and leaf width as its minor axis, for the six classes of plants. The narrow range in practice of the Montgomery parameter implies an evolutionary stability for the leaf area of large-leaved plants despite the fact that leaf shapes of these plants are rather different.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.1007/S00468-019-01843-4
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“A general leaf area geometric formula exists for plants evidence from the simplified Gielis equation”. Shi P, Ratkowsky DA, Li Y, Zhang L, Lin S, Gielis J, Forests (19994907) 9, 714 (2018). http://doi.org/10.3390/F9110714
Abstract: Plant leaves exhibit diverse shapes that enable them to utilize a light resource maximally. If there were a general parametric model that could be used to calculate leaf area for different leaf shapes, it would help to elucidate the adaptive evolutional link among plants with the same or similar leaf shapes. We propose a simplified version of the original Gielis equation (SGE), which was developed to describe a variety of object shapes ranging from a droplet to an arbitrary polygon. We used this equation to fit the leaf profiles of 53 species (among which, 48 bamboo plants, 5 woody plants, and 10 geographical populations of a woody plant), totaling 3310 leaves. A third parameter (namely, the floating ratio c in leaf length) was introduced to account for the case when the theoretical leaf length deviates from the observed leaf length. For most datasets, the estimates of c were greater than zero but less than 10%, indicating that the leaf length predicted by the SGE was usually smaller than the actual length. However, the predicted leaf areas approximated their actual values after considering the floating ratios in leaf length. For most datasets, the mean percent errors of leaf areas were lower than 6%, except for a pooled dataset with 42 bamboo species. For the elliptical, lanceolate, linear, obovate, and ovate shapes, although the SGE did not fit the leaf edge perfectly, after adjusting the parameter c, there were small deviations of the predicted leaf areas from the actual values. This illustrates that leaves with different shapes might have similar functional features for photosynthesis, since the leaf areas can be described by the same equation. The anisotropy expressed as a difference in leaf shape for some plants might be an adaptive response to enable them to adapt to different habitats.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.3390/F9110714
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“High-voltage cycling induced thermal vulnerability in LiCoO₂, cathode : cation loss and oxygen release driven by oxygen vacancy migration”. Sun C, Liao X, Xia F, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Mu S, Shi S, Li Y, Peng H, Van Tendeloo G, Zhao K, Wu J, Acs Nano 14, 6181 (2020). http://doi.org/10.1021/ACSNANO.0C02237
Abstract: The release of the lattice oxygen due to the thermal degradation of layered lithium transition metal oxides is one of the major safety concerns in Li-ion batteries. The oxygen release is generally attributed to the phase transitions from the layered structure to spinel and rocksalt structures that contain less lattice oxygen. Here, a different degradation pathway in LiCoO2 is found, through oxygen vacancy facilitated cation migration and reduction. This process leaves undercoordinated oxygen that gives rise to oxygen release while the structure integrity of the defect-free region is mostly preserved. This oxygen release mechanism can be called surface degradation due to the kinetic control of the cation migration but has a slow surface to bulk propagation with continuous loss of the surface cation ions. It is also strongly correlated with the high-voltage cycling defects that end up with a significant local oxygen release at low temperatures. This work unveils the thermal vulnerability of high-voltage Li-ion batteries and the critical role of the surface fraction as a general mitigating approach.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 17.1
Times cited: 8
DOI: 10.1021/ACSNANO.0C02237
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“Synthesis of multi-branched porous carbon nanofibers and their application in electrochemical double-layer capacitors”. Tao XY, Zhang XB, Zhang L, Cheng JP, Liu F, Luo JH, Luo ZQ, Geise HJ, Carbon 44, 1425 (2006). http://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2005.11.024
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 6.337
Times cited: 77
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2005.11.024
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“Selective bifunctional catalytic conversion of cellulose over reshaped ni particles at the tip of carbon nanofibers”. Van de Vyver S, Geboers J, Dusselier M, Schepers H, Vosch T, Zhang L, Van Tendeloo G, Jacobs PA, Sels BF, Chemsuschem 3, 698 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201000087
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 7.226
Times cited: 136
DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201000087
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“Computational aspects in quantitative EELS”. Verbeeck J, Van Aert S, Zhang L, Haiyan T, Schattschneider P, Rosenauer A, Microscopy and microanalysis 16, 240 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1017/S143192761005511X
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 1.891
DOI: 10.1017/S143192761005511X
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“Electrorheological fluids with high shear stress based on wrinkly tin titanyl oxalate”. Wu J, Zhang L, Xin X, Zhang Y, Wang H, Sun A, Cheng Y, Chen X, Xu G, ACS applied materials and interfaces 10, 6785 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1021/ACSAMI.8B00869
Abstract: Electrorheological (ER) fluids are considered as a type of smart fluids because their rheological characteristics can be altered through an electric field. The discovery of giant ER effect revived the researchers' interest in the ER technological area. However, the poor stability including the insufficient dynamic shear stress, the large leakage current density, and the sedimentation tendency still hinders their practical applications. Herein, we report a facile and scalable coprecipitation method for synthesizing surfactant-free tin titanyl oxalate (TTO) particles with tremella-like wrinkly microstructure (W-TTO). The W-TTO-based ER fluids exhibit enhanced ER activity compared to that of the pristine TTO because of the improved wettability between W-TTO and the silicone oil. In addition, the static yield stress and leakage current of W-TTO ER fluids also show a fine time stability during the 30 day tests. More importantly, the dynamic shear stress of W-TTO ER fluids can remain stable throughout the shear rate range, which is valuable for their use in engineering applications. The results in this work provided a promising strategy to solving the long-standing problem of ER fluid stability. Moreover, this convenient route of synthesis may be considered a green approach for the mass production of giant ER materials.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 7.504
Times cited: 7
DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.8B00869
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“Revealing pH-Dependent Activities and Surface Instabilities for Ni-Based Electrocatalysts during the Oxygen Evolution Reaction”. Yang C, Batuk M, Jacquet Q, Rousse G, Yin W, Zhang L, Hadermann J, Abakumov AM, Cibin G, Chadwick A, Tarascon J-M, Grimaud A, ACS energy letters , 2884 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.8b01818
Abstract: Multiple electrochemical processes are involved at the catalyst/ electrolyte interface during the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). With the purpose of elucidating the complexity of surface dynamics upon OER, we systematically studied two Ni-based crystalline oxides (LaNiO3−δ and La2Li0.5Ni0.5O4) and compared them with the state-of-the-art Ni−Fe (oxy)- hydroxide amorphous catalyst. Electrochemical measurements such as rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE) and electrochemical quartz microbalance microscopy (EQCM) coupled with a series of physical characterizations including transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) were conducted to unravel the exact pH effect on both the OER activity and the catalyst stability. We demonstrate that for Ni-based crystalline catalysts the rate for surface degradation depends on the pH and is greater than the rate for surface reconstruction. This behavior is unlike that for the amorphous Ni oxyhydroxide catalyst, which is found to be more stable and pH-independent.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.8b01818
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“Phosphate ion functionalization of perovskite surfaces for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction”. Yang C, Laberty-Robert C, Batuk D, Cibin G, Chadwick AV, Pimenta V, Yin W, Zhang L, Tarascon J-M, Grimaud A, The journal of physical chemistry letters 8, 3466 (2017). http://doi.org/10.1021/ACS.JPCLETT.7B01504
Abstract: Recent findings revealed that surface oxygen can participate in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for the most active catalysts, which eventually triggers a new mechanism for which the deprotonation of surface intermediates limits the OER activity. We propose in this work a “dual strategy” in which tuning the electronic properties of the oxide, such as La1-xSrxCoO3-delta, can be dissociated from the use of surface functionalization with phosphate ion groups (P-i) that enhances the interfacial proton transfer. Results show that the P-i functionalized La0.5Sr0.5CoO3-delta gives rise to a significant enhancement of the OER activity when compared to La0.5Sr0.5Co3-delta and LaCoO3. We further demonstrate that the P-i surface functionalization selectivity enhances the activity when the OER kinetics is limited by the proton transfer. Finally, this work suggests that tuning the catalytic activity by such a “dual approach” may be a new and largely unexplored avenue for the design of novel high-performance catalysts.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Impact Factor: 9.353
Times cited: 31
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JPCLETT.7B01504
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Zhang L (2015) Effects of quantum confinement in nanoscale superconductors : from electronic density of states to vortex matter. Antwerpen
Keywords: Doctoral thesis; Condensed Matter Theory (CMT)
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