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Author Roose, D.; Leroux, F.; de Vocht, N.; Guglielmetti, C.; Pintelon, I.; Adriaensen, D.; Ponsaerts, P.; van der Linden, A.-M.; Bals, S.
Title Multimodal imaging of micron-sized iron oxide particles following in vitro and in vivo uptake by stem cells: down to the nanometer scale Type A1 Journal article
Year 2014 Publication Contrast media and molecular imaging Abbreviated Journal Contrast Media Mol I
Volume 9 Issue 6 Pages 400-408
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Bio-Imaging lab
Abstract In this study, the interaction between cells and micron-sized paramagnetic iron oxide (MPIO) particles was investigated by characterizing MPIO in their original state, and after cellular uptake in vitro as well as in vivo. Moreover, MPIO in the olfactory bulb were studied 9months after injection. Using various imaging techniques, cell-MPIO interactions were investigated with increasing spatial resolution. Live cell confocal microscopy demonstrated that MPIO co-localize with lysosomes after in vitro cellular uptake. In more detail, a membrane surrounding the MPIO was observed by high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). Following MPIO uptake in vivo, the same cell-MPIO interaction was observed by HAADF-STEM in the subventricular zone at 1week and in the olfactory bulb at 9months after MPIO injection. These findings provide proof for the current hypothesis that MPIO are internalized by the cell through endocytosis. The results also show MPIO are not biodegradable, even after 9months in the brain. Moreover, they show the possibility of HAADF-STEM generating information on the labeled cell as well as on the MPIO. In summary, the methodology presented here provides a systematic route to investigate the interaction between cells and nanoparticles from the micrometer level down to the nanometer level and beyond. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication S.l. Editor
Language Wos 000346172100001 Publication Date 2014-04-24
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1555-4309; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.307 Times cited 5 Open Access Not_Open_Access
Notes ; The authors would like to thank Sofie Thys for her technical support. The UltraVIEW VoX spinning disk confocal microscope was purchased with support of the Hercules Foundation (Hercules Type 1: AUHA 09/001 and AUHA 11/01). The authors also appreciate financial support from the European Union under the Seventh Framework Program (Integrated Infrastructure Initiative no. 262348 European Soft Matter Infrastructure, ESMI), the Fund for Scientific Research- Flanders and the Flemish Institute for Science and Technology and the Belgian government through the Interuniversity Attraction Pole Program (IAP- PAI). ; Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.307; 2014 IF: 2.923
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:122750 Serial 2222
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Author Meert, K.W.; Morozov, V.A.; Abakumov, A.M.; Hadermann, J.; Poelman, D.; Smet, P.F.
Title Energy transfer in Eu3+ doped scheelites : use as thermographic phosphor Type A1 Journal article
Year 2014 Publication Optics express Abbreviated Journal Opt Express
Volume 22 Issue 9 Pages A961-A972
Keywords A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT)
Abstract In this paper the luminescence of the scheelite-based CaGd2(1-x)Eu2x(WO4)4 solid solutions is investigated as a function of the Eu content and temperature. All phosphors show intense red luminescence due to the 5D0 7F2 transition in Eu3+, along with other transitions from the 5D1 and 5D0 excited states. For high Eu3+ concentrations the intensity ratio of the emission originating from the 5D1 and 5D0 levels has a non-conventional temperature dependence, which could be explained by a phonon-assisted cross-relaxation process. It is demonstrated that this intensity ratio can be used as a measure of temperature with high spatial resolution, allowing the use of these scheelites as thermographic phosphor. The main disadvantage of many thermographic phosphors, a decreasing signal for increasing temperature, is absent.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000335905300037 Publication Date 2014-04-22
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1094-4087; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.307 Times cited 47 Open Access
Notes Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.307; 2014 IF: 3.488
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:117067 Serial 1044
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Author Van Schoubroeck, S.; Springael, J.; Van Dael, M.; Malina, R.; Van Passel, S.
Title Sustainability indicators for biobased chemicals : a Delphi study using multi-criteria decision analysis Type A1 Journal article
Year 2019 Publication Resources Conservation And Recycling Abbreviated Journal Resour Conserv Recy
Volume 144 Issue 144 Pages 198-208
Keywords A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM)
Abstract Biobased chemistry has gained interest and has the potential to tackle some of the sustainability challenges the chemical industry must endure. Sustainability impacts need to be evaluated and monitored to highlight the advantages and pitfalls of different biobased routes over the entire product life cycle. This study aims for expert consensus concerning indicators needed and preferred for sustainability analysis of biobased chemicals in Europe. Experts are consulted by means of a Delphi method with stakeholders selected from three core groups: the private, public and academic sector. Best-Worst Scaling (BWS) is performed to gather data on the prioritization of the sustainability indicators per respondent. Afterwards, Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) is used to develop a consensus ranking among the experts. The results show that GHG emissions, market potential and acceptance of biobased materials are deemed the most crucial indicators for respectively environmental, economic and social sustainability. Expert consensus is positive in all three sustainability domains, with the strongest consensus measured for environmental sustainability showing a median Kendalls τ of 0.63 (τ ranging from -1 to 1) and the weakest consensus found within social sustainability showing a median Kendalls τ of 0.50. Further research can apply the ranked indicators on specific case studies to evaluate the practicability of the defined indicator set.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000461534800021 Publication Date 2019-02-01
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0921-3449 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.313 Times cited 4 Open Access
Notes ; ; Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.313
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:156929 Serial 6255
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Author Lizin, S.; Van Dael, M.; Van Passel, S.; Van Dael, M.
Title Battery pack recycling : behaviour change interventions derived from an integrative theory of planned behaviour study Type A1 Journal article
Year 2017 Publication Resources Conservation And Recycling Abbreviated Journal Resour Conserv Recy
Volume 122 Issue Pages 66-82
Keywords A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering Management (ENM)
Abstract Belgium has passed the 45% cap, mandated by the European Union, by achieving a collection rate of over 50% in 2012. Having such a collection rate, Belgium is amongst the frontrunners in battery recycling in Europe. However, despite the efforts, about 40% of used batteries are still not properly collected. Particularly troublesome according to the national producer responsibility organization are the battery packs. In this paper we therefore investigate the drivers and barriers to battery pack drop-off intention perceived by Belgian households using an integrative model based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour. An R2 of 0.64 was found, which according to the literature on partial least squares structural equation modelling signals a moderate yet very close to substantial coefficient of determination. We find that on average perceived behavioural control and moral norms have the largest influence on the intention to drop-off used battery packs as quickly as possible. Based on the insights gained, recommendations are made for both behaviour change interventions and future research.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000401881300007 Publication Date 2017-02-15
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0921-3449 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.313 Times cited 21 Open Access
Notes ; The corresponding author wishes to thank the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) for granting him a postdoctoral grant [grant number: 12G5415N]. Furthermore, the second author wishes to express her gratitude for funding her to the SUMMA policy platform. Furthermore, we wish to express our sincere gratitude to Peter Coonen and Nele Peeters of Bebat for their time and willingness to share information with us. ; Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.313
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:140681 Serial 6159
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Author Larraín, M.; Van Passel, S.; Thomassen, G.; Van Gorp, B.; Nhu, T.T.; Huysveld, S.; Van Geem, K.M.; De Meester, S.; Billen, P.
Title Techno-economic assessment of mechanical recycling of challenging post-consumer plastic packaging waste Type A1 Journal article
Year 2021 Publication Resources Conservation And Recycling Abbreviated Journal Resour Conserv Recy
Volume 170 Issue Pages 105607
Keywords A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM); Intelligence in PRocesses, Advanced Catalysts and Solvents (iPRACS)
Abstract Increasing plastic recycling rates is crucial to tackle plastic pollution and reduce consumption of fossil resources. Recycling routes for post-consumer plastic fractions that are technologically and economically feasible remain a challenge. Profitable value chains for recycling mixed film and tray-like plastics have hardly been implemented today, in sharp contrast to recycling of relatively pure fractions such as polyethylene terephthalate and high-density polyethylene bottles. This study examines the economic feasibility of implementing mechanical recycling for plastic waste such as polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene films and mixed polyolefins. In most European countries these plastic fractions are usually incinerated or landfilled whilst in fact technologies exist to mechanically recycle them into regranulates or regrinds. Results show that the economic incentives for the recycling of plastic packaging depend predominantly on the product price and product yield. At current price levels, the most profitable plastic fraction to be recycled is PS rigids, with an internal rate of return of 14%, whereas the least profitable feed is a mixed polyolefin fraction with a negative internal rate of return in a scenario with steadily rising oil prices. Moreover, these values would be substantially reduced if oil prices, and therefore plastic product prices decrease. Considering a discount rate of 15% for a 15-year period, mechanical recycling is not profitable if no policy changes would be imposed by governments. Clearly low oil prices may jeopardize the mechanical recycling industry, inducing the need for policies that would increase the demand of recycled products such as imposing minimal recycled content targets.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000667309200042 Publication Date 2021-04-20
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0921-3449 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.313 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess
Notes Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.313
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:177325 Serial 6946
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Author Parchomenko, A.; Nelen, D.; Gillabel, J.; Vrancken, K.C.M.; Rechberger, H.
Title Resource effectiveness of the European automotive sector : a statistical entropy analysis over time Type A1 Journal article
Year 2021 Publication Resources Conservation And Recycling Abbreviated Journal Resour Conserv Recy
Volume 169 Issue Pages 105558
Keywords A1 Journal article; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
Abstract The European automotive sector is faced with potentially disruptive challenges. In particular, the projected increase in the share of electric vehicles (EVs) and calls to prepare for the implementation of more circular economy (CE) strategies are increasingly demanding systemic adaptations. Given the goals of the CE, the adaptations should enable a maximal preservation of the function and value of products (e.g. extension of lifetime), components (e.g. reuse of parts) and materials (e.g., material recycling), thus saving on the energy, materials and effort that would be required to restore the lost functionalities. In this context, statistical entropy analysis (SEA) is proposed as a methodology to assess the effort needed for preserving and restoring functionality at different product, component and material life cycle stages. Effort is measured as changes in statistical entropy that are caused by concentration and dilution activities in the production – consumption – End-of-Life (EoL) system. SEA was applied to a generic model of the European automotive system, in combination with a stock-driven model and a material flow analysis (MFA), allowing statistical entropy changes to be projected over time. The paper demonstrates how SEA can facilitate decision making on the transition towards a more circular economy by quantifying the effects of particular CE strategies and their combinations. The results show that without any additional system adaptations, an increasing share of EVs towards the year 2050 will lead to substantially increased effort in production as well as end-of-life vehicle treatment.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000657320800074 Publication Date 2021-03-18
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0921-3449 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.313 Times cited Open Access OpenAccess
Notes Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.313
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:179770 Serial 8475
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Thomassen, G.; Egiguren Vila, U.; Van Dael, M.; Lemmens, B.; Van Passel, S.
Title A techno-economic assessment of an algal-based biorefinery Type A1 Journal article
Year 2016 Publication Clean Technologies And Environmental Policy Abbreviated Journal Clean Technol Envir
Volume 18 Issue 6 Pages 1849-1862
Keywords A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM)
Abstract Economic and technological assessments have identified difficulties with the commercialization of bulk products from microalgae, like biofuels. To overcome these problems, a multi-product algal-based biorefinery has been proposed. This paper performs a techno-economic assessment of such a biorefinery. Four production pathways, ranging from a base case with commercial technologies to an improved case with innovative technologies, are analyzed. All region-specific parameters were adapted to Belgian conditions. Three scenarios result in techno-economically viable production plants. The most profitable scenario is the scenario which uses a specialized membrane for medium recycling and an open pond algae cultivation. Although the inclusion of a photobioreactor decreases the culture medium costs, the higher investment costs result in lower economic profits. The carotenoid content and price are identified as critical parameters. Furthermore, the economies of scale assumption for the photobioreactor is critical for the feasibility of this cultivation technology. The techno-economic assessment is an important methodology to guide and evaluate further improvements in research and shorten the time-to-market for innovative technologies in this field.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000384470700017 Publication Date 2016-03-26
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1618-954x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.331 Times cited 24 Open Access
Notes ; We would like to thank Herman Beckers, Metin Bulut, Frans Snijkers, Joris van der Have, Jan Vanderheyden, Leen Bastiaens, and Lies Eykens for the provision of technological and economic data and the useful discussions on the assumptions in the model. We would also like to thank Eva Cordery for proofreading the article and the anonymous reviewers for their valuable feedback and suggestions. Furthermore, we gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Fundacion Novia Salcedo. ; Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.331
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:139027 Serial 6262
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Author De Schepper, E.; Van Passel, S.; Lizin, S.; Achten, W.M.J.; Van Acker, K.
Title Cost-efficient emission abatement of energy and transportation technologies : mitigation costs and policy impacts for Belgium Type A1 Journal article
Year 2014 Publication Clean Technologies And Environmental Policy Abbreviated Journal Clean Technol Envir
Volume 16 Issue 6 Pages 1107-1118
Keywords A1 Journal article; Economics; Engineering sciences. Technology; Engineering Management (ENM)
Abstract In the light of global warming, this paper develops a framework to compare energy and transportation technologies in terms of cost-efficient GHG emission reduction. We conduct a simultaneous assessment of economic and environmental performances through life cycle costing and life cycle assessment. To calculate the GHG mitigation cost, we create reference systems within the base scenario. Further, we extend the concept of the mitigation cost, allowing (i) comparision of technologies given a limited investment resource, and (ii) evaluation of the direct impact of policy measures by means of the subsidized mitigation cost. The framework is illustrated with a case of solar photovoltaics (PV), grid powered battery electric vehicles (BEVs), and solar powered BEVs for a Belgian small and medium sized enterprise. The study's conclusions are that the mitigation cost of solar PV is high, even though this is a mature technology. The emerging mass produced BEVs on the other hand are found to have a large potential for cost-efficient GHG mitigation as indicated by their low cost of mitigation. Finally, based on the subsidized mitigation cost, we conclude that the current financial stimuli for all three investigated technologies are excessive when compared to the CO2 market value under the EU Emission Trading Scheme.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000339874900010 Publication Date 2014-02-12
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1618-954x ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.331 Times cited 14 Open Access
Notes ; ; Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.331; 2014 IF: 1.934
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:127543 Serial 6175
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Author Zanin, L.; Tomasi, N.; Rizzardo, C.; Gottardi, S.; Terzano, R.; Alfeld, M.; Janssens, K.; De Nobili, M.; Mimmo, T.; Cesco, S.
Title Iron allocation in leaves of Fe-deficient cucumber plants fed with natural Fe complexes Type A1 Journal article
Year 2015 Publication Physiologia plantarum Abbreviated Journal Physiol Plantarum
Volume 154 Issue 1 Pages 82-94
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Iron (Fe) sources available for plants in the rhizospheric solution are mainly a mixture of complexes between Fe and organic ligands, including phytosiderophores (PS) and water-extractable humic substances (WEHS). In comparison with the other Fe sources, Fe-WEHS are more efficiently used by plants, and experimental evidences show that Fe translocation contributes to this better response. On the other hand, very little is known on the mechanisms involved in Fe allocation in leaves. In this work, physiological and molecular processes involved in Fe distribution in leaves of Fe-deficient Cucumis sativus supplied with Fe-PS or Fe-WEHS up to 5days were studied combining different techniques, such as radiochemical experiments, synchrotron micro X-ray fluorescence, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization. In Fe-WEHS-fed plants, Fe was rapidly (1day) allocated into the leaf veins, and after 5days, Fe was completely transferred into interveinal cells; moreover, the amount of accumulated Fe was much higher than with Fe-PS. This redistribution in Fe-WEHS plants was associated with an upregulation of genes encoding a ferric(III)-chelate reductase (FRO), a Fe2+ transporter (IRT1) and a natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (NRAMP). The localization of FRO and IRT1 transcripts next to the midveins, beside that of NRAMP in the interveinal area, may suggest a rapid and efficient response induced by the presence of Fe-WEHS in the extra-radical solution for the allocation in leaves of high amounts of Fe. In conclusion, Fe is more efficiently used when chelated to WEHS than PS and seems to involve Fe distribution and gene regulation of Fe acquisition mechanisms operating in leaves.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000353067500007 Publication Date 2014-10-07
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0031-9317 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.33 Times cited 14 Open Access
Notes ; Research was supported by grants from Italian MIUR (FIRB-Programma 'Futuro in Ricerca') and Free University of Bolzano (TN5056). Synchrotron experiments at HASYLAB were financially supported by the European Community-Research Infrastructure Action under the FP6 'Structuring the European Research Area' Program I (Integrating Activity on Synchrotron and Free Electron Laser Science; project: contract RII3-CT-2004-506008). We thank Karen Appel for her scientific and technical support in obtaining the experimental data at Beamline L (HASYLAB, DESY, Hamburg, Germany). ; Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.33; 2015 IF: 3.138
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:132500 Serial 5678
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Author Blommaerts, N.; Dingenen, F.; Middelkoop, V.; Savelkouls, J.; Goemans, M.; Tytgat, T.; Verbruggen, S.W.; Lenaerts, S.
Title Ultrafast screening of commercial sorbent materials for VOC adsorption using real-time FTIR spectroscopy Type A1 Journal article
Year 2018 Publication Separation and purification technology Abbreviated Journal Sep Purif Technol
Volume 207 Issue 207 Pages 284-290
Keywords A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
Abstract Recovery of valuable volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from waste streams is of great industrial importance. Adsorption on zeolites offers an economically and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional activated carbon. When evaluating the suitability of a given zeolite for a particular adsorption application, its adsorption capacity has to be determined. This is traditionally achieved using gas chromatography as an analysis tool, yielding only a few discrete sampling points that constitute the adsorption profile. Meanwhile, only low flow rates and low concentrations of volatile organics can be used, rendering the procedure troublesome and time consuming. Herein, we propose a tool for the fast screening of a large amount of zeolites using on-line and quasi real-time Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The technique was used to determine the adsorption capacity of three different commercial zeolites and two silica gels, for five industrially relevant VOCs: acetone; methanol; isohexane; isopentane; and toluene. A series of rapid measurements of the individual adsorption capacities were carried out to obtain a detailed overview of the versatility of the proposed method for the characterization of multi-component and multi-sorption bed systems.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000445987500032 Publication Date 2018-06-27
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1383-5866 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.359 Times cited 5 Open Access
Notes ; We would like to thank Vlaams Agenschap Innoveren & Ondernemen (VLAIO) for financial support. The authors would also like to thank Kureha GmbH, Germany for kindly supplying us with their BAC (R) (bead-shaped activated carbon) samples. ; Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.359
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:154694 Serial 6000
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Author Aghaei, M.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Particle transport through an inductively coupled plasma torch: elemental droplet evaporation Type A1 Journal article
Year 2016 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 31 Issue 31 Pages 631-641
Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract We studied the transport of copper droplets through an inductively coupled plasma, connected to the sampling cone of a mass spectrometer, by means of a computational model. The sample droplets are followed until they become evaporated. They are inserted as liquid particles from the central inlet and the effects of injection position (i.e. “on” and “off” axis), droplet diameter, as well as mass loading flow rate are investigated. It is shown that more “on-axis” injection of the droplets leads to a more straight path line, so that the droplets move less in the radial direction and are evaporated more on the central axis, enabling a better sample transfer efficiency to the sampler cone. Furthermore, there are optimum ranges of diameters and flow rates, which guarantee the proper position of evaporation along the torch, i.e. not too early, so that the sample can get lost in the torch, and not too late, which reduces the chance of becoming ionized before reaching the sampler.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000372857300003 Publication Date 2015-07-07
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 21 Open Access
Notes The authors are very grateful to H. Lindner for the many fundamental and fruitful discussions. They are also gratefully acknowledge nancial support from the Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO). Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379
Call Number c:irua:133240 Serial 4024
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Author Bogaerts, A.; Aghaei, M.
Title Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: insights through computer modeling Type A1 Journal article
Year 2017 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 32 Issue 32 Pages 233-261
Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract In this tutorial review paper, we illustrate how computer modeling can contribute to a better insight in inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). We start with a brief overview on previous efforts, studying the fundamentals of the ICP and ICP-MS, with main focus on previous modeling activities. Subsequently, we explain in detail the model that we developed in previous years, and we show typical calculation results, illustrating the plasma characteristics, gas flow patterns and the sample transport, evaporation and ionization. We also present the effect of various experimental parameters, such as operating conditions, geometrical aspects and sample characteristics, to illustrate how modeling can help to elucidate the optimal conditions for improved analytical performance.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000395529800002 Publication Date 2016-12-07
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 14 Open Access OpenAccess
Notes The authors are very grateful to H. Lindner for the initial model development and for the many interesting discussions. They also gratefully acknowledge nancial support from the Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO; Grant number 6713). The calculations were carried out using the Turing HPC infrastructure at the CalcUA core facility of the Universiteit Antwerpen (UAntwerpen), a division of the Flemish Supercomputer Center VSC, funded by the Hercules Foundation, the Flemish Government (department EWI) and the UAntwerpen. Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379
Call Number PLASMANT @ plasmant @ c:irua:140074 Serial 4416
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Author Vermeulen, M.; Sanyova, J.; Janssens, K.; Nuyts, G.; De Meyer, S.; De Wael, K.
Title The darkening of copper- or lead-based pigments explained by a structural modification of natural orpiment : a spectroscopic and electrochemical study Type A1 Journal article
Year 2017 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 32 Issue 7 Pages 1331-1341
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract A combined Raman and electrochemical study of natural orpiment (As2S3), an arsenic sulfide pigment, was used to assess the quick formation of oxidized species such as arsenic oxide (As2O3) upon exposing the pigment to 405 nm or 532 nm monochromatic light while simultaneously recording the Raman spectra of the exposed sample. During this process, a distortion of the main band at 355 cm−1, associated with the stretching of the AsS3/2 pyramids of natural orpiment, was observed as well as an increased intensity of the 359 cm−1 band, corresponding to covalent AsAs bonds in natural orpiment. The distortion was accompanied by an overall decrease of the global Raman signal for natural orpiment, which could be explained by a loss in the crystal structure. The same phenomena were recorded in reference natural orpiment model paint samples stored for a long time together with verdigris (Cu(OH)2·(CH3COO)2·5H2O) and minium (Pb3O4) paints, the latter two appearing darkened on their sides closest to the orpiment sample as well as in several historical samples containing natural orpiment mixed with various blue pigments. By SEM-EDX and XRPD analysis, respectively on loose material and cast thin-sections of model paint samples, the darkening was identified as dark sulfide species such as chalcocite (Cu2S) and galena (PbS), suggesting the release of volatile sulfide or related species by the natural orpiment paint. XANES analyses of paint samples presenting AsAs bond increase indicated the presence of sulfur species most likely identified as organosulfur compounds formed upon the AsAs bond formation and explained the darkening of the Cu- and Pb-based pigments. To the best of our knowledge, this article reports for the first time the light-induced formation of AsAs bonds in natural orpiment used as an artists' pigment and objectively demonstrates the incompatibility between orpiment and (arsenic) sulfide-sensitive pigments.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000404998500007 Publication Date 2017-05-31
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 10 Open Access
Notes ; This research is made possible with the support of the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO, Brussels) through the research program Science for a Sustainable Development – SDD, “Long-term role and fate of metal-sulfides in painted works of art – S2ART” (SD/RI/04A). We gratefully acknowledge Julie Arslanoglu (Conservation and Scientific Research Department at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA) for providing us the orpiment, verdigris and minium mock-up samples. We gratefully acknowledge the Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland and the German Electron Synchrotron (DESY) for provision of synchrotron radiation beamtimes at respectively beamlines of the SLS and Petra III. ; Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:144384 Serial 5564
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Author Cotte, M.; Pouyet, E.; Salome, M.; Rivard, C.; De Nolf, W.; Castillo-Michel, H.; Fabris, T.; Monico, L.; Janssens, K.; Wang, T.; Sciau, P.; Verger, L.; Cormier, L.; Dargaud, O.; Brun, E.; Bugnazet, D.; Fayard, B.; Hesse, B.; del Real, A.E.P.; Veronesi, G.; Langlois, J.; Balcar, N.; Vandenberghe, Y.; Sole, V.A.; Kieffer, J.; Barrett, R.; Cohen, C.; Cornu, C.; Baker, R.; Gagliardini, E.; Papillon, E.; Susini, J.
Title The ID21 X-ray and infrared microscopy beamline at the ESRF: status and recent applications to artistic materials Type A1 Journal article
Year 2017 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 32 Issue 3 Pages 477-493
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract The ID21 beamline (European Synchrotron Radiation facility, France) is a multi micro-analytical platform combining X-ray and infrared micro-probes, for characterization of elements, species, molecular groups and crystalline structures in complex materials. Applications are mainly in the fields of cultural heritage, life science, environmental and earth sciences, materials sciences. Here, we first present the status of instruments: (i) the scanning micro-spectroscopy end-station, operating from 2.0 to 9.2 keV, under vacuum and offering cryo conditions, for the acquisition of 2D micro X-ray fluorescence (mu XRF) maps, single point micro X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (mu XANES) spectra and speciation maps with sub-micrometric resolution; (ii) the XANES full-field end-station, operating in the same vacuum and energy conditions, for the acquisition of hyper-spectral radiographs of thin concentrated samples, resulting in speciation maps with micrometric resolution and millimetric field of view; (iii) the scanning micro-X-ray diffraction (mu XRD)/mu XRF end-station, operating at 8.5 keV, in air, for the acquisition of 2D crystalline phase maps, with micrometric resolution; and (iv) the scanning infrared microscope, operating in the mid-infrared range for the acquisition of molecular maps and some structural maps with micrometric resolution. Recent hardware and software developments are presented, as well as new protocols for improved sample preparation of thin sections. Secondly, a review of recent applications for the study of cultural heritage is presented, illustrated by various examples: determination of the origin of the color in blue Chinese porcelains and in brown Sevres porcelains; detection of lead in ink on Herculaneum papyri; identification and degradation of modeling materials used by Auguste Rodin and of chrome yellow pigments used by Vincent van Gogh. Cryo capabilities are illustrated by the analysis of plants exposed to chromate solutions. These examples show the variety of materials analyzed, of questions tackled, and particularly the multiple advantages of the ID21 analytical platform for the analysis of ancient and artistic materials.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000396286900002 Publication Date 2016-12-14
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 39 Open Access
Notes ; ; Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:142493 Serial 5874
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Author Vermeulen, M.; Nuyts, G.; Sanyova, J.; Vila, A.; Buti, D.; Suuronen, J.-P.; Janssens, K.
Title Visualization of As(III) and As(V) distributions in degraded paint micro-samples from Baroque- and Rococo-era paintings Type A1 Journal article
Year 2016 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 31 Issue 9 Pages 1913-1921
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Orpiment and realgar, both arsenic sulfide pigments respectively used for their vivid yellow and red-orange hues, are two of many artists' pigments that appear not to be stable upon light exposure, quickly degrading to arsenic trioxide and arsenate. This often results in whitening or transparency in the painted surfaces. While conventional techniques such as microscopic Raman (mu-RS) and microscopic Fourier transform infrared (mu-FTIR) spectroscopies can allow a quick and relatively easy identification of the orpiment, realgar, artificial arsenic sulfide glass and, to some extent, arsenic oxide, the identification and visualization of distributions of the degradation products – and especially arsenate compounds – in the paint micro-samples is generally more challenging. This challenge is due to the rather unfavorable limit of detection and low spectral resolution of such conventional spectroscopic techniques. This restricts the conclusions that can be drawn regarding the conservation state of valuable works of art. In this paper, we present how synchrotron radiation (SR) based techniques can overcome this challenge while working on painting cross-sections taken from a 17th-century painting by the Flemish artist Daniel Seghers (oil on canvas, Statens Museum for Kunst, Denmark) and an 18th-century French Chinoiserie (private collection, France). SR micro-X-ray fluorescence (m-XRF) mapping analysis performed on a visually degraded orpiment-containing paint stratigraphy reveals that arsenic is distributed throughout the entire cross-section, while X-ray absorption near edge structure (mu-XANES) demonstrated that the arsenic is present in both arsenite (As-III) and arsenate (As-V) forms. The latter compound(s), despite being barely identifiable by means of FTIR, were not only located at the surface of large and partially altered grains of arsenic sulfide but also spread throughout the entire paint stratigraphy. Their presence and distribution are attributed either to the complete degradation of smaller arsenic sulfide grains or to migration of the arsenates within the paint layer away from their original location of formation. The combination of mu-XRF and mu-XANES was very useful for the characterization of the advanced degradation state of the arsenic-containing pigments in paint systems; this type of information could not be obtained by means of conventional spectroscopic methods of microanalysis.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000382071200017 Publication Date 2016-08-01
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 20 Open Access
Notes ; This research is made possible with the support of the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO) through the research program Science for a Sustainable Development – SDD, “Long-term role and fate of metal-sulfides in painted works of art – S2ART” (SD/RI/04A). The CATS gratefully acknowledge VILLUM FONDEN and VELUX FONDEN for infra-structural financial support as well as Anne Haack Christensen, Hannah Tempest and Johanne M. Nielsen for their help and suggestions. The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility is acknowledged for provision of synchrotron radiation facilities. ; Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:135691 Serial 5907
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Author Janssens, K.; Vincze, L.; Vekemans, B.; Adams, F.; Haller, M.; Knöchel, A.
Title The use of lead-glass capillaries for microfocusing of highly energetic (0-60 KeV) synchrotron radiation Type A1 Journal article
Year 1998 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 339-350
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000073808900004 Publication Date 2002-07-26
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited Open Access
Notes Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379; 1998 IF: 3.845
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:19321 Serial 5895
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Author Jembrih-Simbürger, D.; Neelmeijer, C.; Schalm, O.; Fredrickx, P.; Schreiner, M.; De Vis, K.; Mäder, M.; Schryvers, D.; Caen, J.
Title The colour of silver stained glass : analytical investigations carried out with XRF, SEM/EDX, TEM and IBA Type A1 Journal article
Year 2002 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 17 Issue Pages 321-328
Keywords A1 Journal article; Art; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Glass treated on its surface with silver compounds and an aluminosilicate, such as ochre or clay, at higher temperatures (between 550 and 650 °C) accepts a wide variety of a yellow colour. It is the aim of this study to investigate the parameters of the manufacturing process affecting the final colour of silver stained glass and to correlate them with the final colour and colour intensity. Therefore, defined mixtures of ochre and a silver compound (AgCl, AgNO3, Ag2SO4, Ag3PO4, Ag2O) were prepared and applied on soda-lime glass. The firing process was modified within the range from 563 to 630 °C and glass samples were analysed after treatment with energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis (EDXRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), as well as ion beam analysis (IBA) with an external beam. Within the scope of IBA simultaneous measurements using particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE), particle-induced gamma-ray emission (PIGE), and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) were carried out in order to obtain the thickness of the Ag-rich surface layer and the depth distribution of Ag. By means of TEM the microstructure of the silver particles was visualised. XRF results show that the lowest amount of Ag could be detected on glass samples treated with silver stain mixtures containing AgCl and Ag2O. A low kiln temperature (e.g. 563 °C) results in a higher silver concentration at the surface and lower penetration depths. Furthermore, the results obtained with SEM/EDX at cross-sections of the glass samples could be confirmed by PIXE, PIGE, RBS, and TEM.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication London Editor
Language Wos 000175158900001 Publication Date 2002-07-26
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477;1364-5544; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 42 Open Access
Notes Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379; 2002 IF: 4.250
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:48775 Serial 395
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Author Kempenaers, L.; Janssens, K.; Jochum, K.P.; Vincze, L.; Vekemans, B.; Somogyi, A.; Drakopoulos, M.; Adams, F.
Title Micro-heterogeneity study of trace elements in USGS, MPI-DING and glass reference materials by means of synchrotron micro-XRF Type A1 Journal article
Year 2003 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 18 Issue Pages 350-357
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000181827800010 Publication Date 2003-03-27
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 38 Open Access
Notes Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379; 2003 IF: 3.200
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:41009 Serial 5715
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Author Gamez, G.; Bogaerts, A.; Hieftje, G.M.
Title Temporal and spatially resolved laser-scattering plasma diagnostics for the characterization of a ms-pulsed glow discharge Type A1 Journal article
Year 2006 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 21 Issue Pages 350-359
Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication London Editor
Language Wos 000235990200015 Publication Date 2006-01-26
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477;1364-5544; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 17 Open Access
Notes Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379; 2006 IF: 3.630
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:56539 Serial 3503
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Author Martens, T.; Bogaerts, A.; Brok, W.J.M.; van der Mullen, J.J.A.M.
Title Modeling study on the influence of the pressure on a dielectric barrier discharge microplasma Type A1 Journal article
Year 2007 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 22 Issue 9 Pages 1003-1042
Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication London Editor
Language Wos 000248917300013 Publication Date 2007-06-22
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477;1364-5544; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 17 Open Access
Notes Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379; 2007 IF: 3.269
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:64791 Serial 2140
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Author Rouchon, V.; Pellizzi, E.; Duranton, M.; Vanmeert, F.; Janssens, K.
Title Combining XANES, ICP-AES, and SEM/EDS for the study of phytate chelating treatments used on iron gall ink damaged manuscripts Type A1 Journal article
Year 2011 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages 2434-2441
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Many historical documents written with iron gall inks are endangered by the corrosive effects of these inks. In this work, a combination of complementary analytical methods was used for the first time in order to study the phytate process which is used in conservation studios to stabilize damaged manuscripts. This process consists of an antioxidant treatment performed by means of a calcium phytate (CP) solution, followed by a deacidification treatment performed with a calcium carbonate (CC) solution. The antioxidant treatment capitalizes on the properties of myo-inositol hexaphosphoric acid (phytic acid) that inhibits iron through chelation. In order to use relatively low acidic solutions, the pH of the CP solution is increased up to values between 5 and 6, which is in the range of the CP precipitation threshold. This study was performed on laboratory samples made of paper impregnated with iron gall ink and artificially aged in climatic chambers. It aims to investigate how the CP precipitate impacts the efficiency of the treatment. Side effects, such as elemental losses and deposits, were measured by means of several analytical techniques (FeK Edge XANES, SEM/EDS, and ICP-AES). These measurements were crosschecked with a ready to use colour spot test made of bathophenanthroline impregnated paper. It appeared that the CP treatment should necessarily be followed by the deacidification treatment in order to achieve long term stability. The precipitation of CP in the treating solution does finally not impact the efficiency of the treatment despite the fact that it should theoretically lower the availability of phytate to chelate iron. A scenario is proposed to explain this point.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000297030400008 Publication Date 2011-10-06
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 10 Open Access
Notes ; This research was funded by SOLEIL (proposals 20060396 and 20080761) and was supported by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme-Belgian Science Policy (IUAP VI/16). The text also presents results of GOA “XANES meets ELNES” (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium) and from FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0704.08 and G.01769.09. We are thankful to the paper conservator students of the Institut National du Patrimoine who were involved in some of the sample preparations, and to Dr Dominique Thiaudiere and Dr Solenn Reguer for their assistance and help during the experiments performed at SOLEIL beamline “DIFFABS”. ; Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379; 2011 IF: 3.220
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:93845 Serial 5527
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Author Cagno, S.; Nuyts, G.; Bugani, S.; De Vis, K.; Schalm, O.; Caen, J.; Helfen, L.; Cotte, M.; Reischig, P.; Janssens, K.
Title Evaluation of manganese-bodies removal in historical stained glass windows via SR-\mu-XANES/XRF and SR-\mu-CT Type A1 Journal article
Year 2011 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages 2442-2451
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract The speed and effectiveness of a conservation treatment used for stained glass windows have been investigated. Dark-coloured Mn-rich stains can be found in the alteration layer of ancient glass artefacts and cause the surface to turn brown/black: this phenomenon is known as Mn-browning or Mn-staining. While in glass manganese is present in the +II or +III oxidation states, in the Mn-rich bodies, manganese is in a higher oxidation state (+IV). In restoration practice, mildly reducing solutions are employed to eliminate the dark colour and restore the clear appearance of the glass. In this paper the effectiveness and side effects of the use of hydroxylamine hydrochloride for this purpose are assessed. Archaeological fragments of stained glass windows, dated to the 14th century and originating from Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge (UK), were examined by means of synchrotron radiation (SR) based microscopic X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectroscopy (μ-XANES) and microscopic X-Ray Fluorescence (μ-XRF) and with high resolution computed absorption tomography (μ-CT) before, during and after the treatment. The monitoring of the glass fragments during the treatment allows us to better understand the manner in which the process unfolds and its kinetics. The results obtained reveal that the hydroxylamine hydrochloride treatment is effective, but also that it has a number of unwanted side effects. These findings are useful for optimizing the time and other modalities of the Mn-reducing treatment as well as minimizing its unwanted results.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000297030400009 Publication Date 2011-10-11
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 17 Open Access
Notes ; This research was supported by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme-Belgian Science Policy (IUAP VI/16). The text also presents results of GOA “XANES meets ELNES” (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium) and from FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0704.08 and G.01769.09. Special thanks to Ms Leonie Seliger, head of the stained-glass conservation studio (The Cathedral Studios-The Chapter of Canterbury Cathedral) for the supply of the archaeological samples. The authors gratefully acknowledge ESRF for granting beamtime (proposal EC-602). ; Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379; 2011 IF: 3.220
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:93848 Serial 5613
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Author Alfeld, M.; Janssens, K.; Dik, J.; de Nolf, W.; van der Snickt, G.
Title Optimization of mobile scanning macro-XRF systems for the in situ investigation of historical paintings Type A1 Journal article
Year 2011 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 26 Issue 5 Pages 899-909
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Elemental distribution maps are of great interest in the study of historical paintings, as they allow to investigate the pigment use of the artist, to image changes made in the painting during or after its creation and in some cases to reveal discarded paintings that were later over painted. Yet a method that allows to record such maps of a broad range of elements in a fast, non-destructive and in situ manner is not yet commonly available; a dedicated mobile scanning XRF instrument might fill this gap. In this paper we present three self-built scanning macro-XRF instruments, each based on the experience gained with its precursor. These instruments are compared in terms of sensitivity and limits of detection, which includes a discussion of the use of polycapillary optics and pinhole collimators as beam defining devices. Furthermore, the imaging capabilities of the instruments are demonstrated in three exemplary cases: (parts of) historical paintings from the 15th to the 19th century are examined. These cases illustrate the value of element specific distribution maps in the study of historical paintings and allow in the case of Vincent van Gogh's Patch of Grass a direct comparison between in situ and synchrotron based scanning macro-XRF.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000289731900004 Publication Date 2011-03-21
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 107 Open Access
Notes ; The investigation of the “Triptych of the Seven Sacraments'' was done in collaboration with Griet Steyaert, independent restorer, and Lizet Klaassen, Royal Museum of Fine Arts (Antwerp, Belgium). The investigation of ”Patch of Grass'' was realized in collaboration with Luuk van der Loeff, Kroller-Muller-Museum (Otterlo, The Netherlands). M. Alfeld is a PhD fellowship of the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO). This research was supported by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme-Belgian Science Policy (IUAP VI/16) NACHO. The text also presents results of GOA "XANES meets ELNES'' (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium) and from FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0103.04, G.0689.06 and G.0704.08. Further, the work presented was sponsored by the Innovational Research Incentives Scheme of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, NWO (proj. no. 016.118.303). ; Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379; 2011 IF: 3.220
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:89919 Serial 5758
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Author Radepont, M.; de Nolf, W.; Janssens, K.; van der Snickt, G.; Coquinot, Y.; Klaassen, L.; Cotte, M.
Title The use of microscopic X-ray diffraction for the study of HgS and its degradation products corderoite (\alpha-Hg3S2Cl2), kenhsuite (\gamma-Hg3S2Cl2) and calomel (Hg2Cl2) in historical paintings Type A1 Journal article
Year 2011 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 26 Issue 5 Pages 959-968
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Since antiquity, the red pigment mercury sulfide (α-HgS), called cinnabar in its natural form or vermilion red when synthetic, was very often used in frescoes and paintings, even if it was known to suffer occasionally from degradation. The paint hereby acquires a black or silver-grey aspect. The chemical characterization of these alteration products is rather challenging mainly because of the micrometric size and heterogeneity of the surface layers that develop and that are responsible for the color change. Methods such as electron microscopy, synchrotron-based microscopic X-ray fluorescence, microscopic X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy, Raman microscopy and secondary ion microscopy have been previously employed to identify the (Hg- and S-) compounds present and to study their co-localization. Next to these, also microscopic X-ray diffraction (XRD) (either by making use of laboratory X-ray sources or when used at a synchrotron facility) allows the identification of the crystal phases that are present in degraded HgS paint layers. In this paper we employ these various forms of micro-XRD to analyze degraded red paint in different paintings and compare the results with other X-ray based methods. Whereas the elemental analyses of the degradation products revealed, next to mercury and sulfur, the presence of chlorine, X-ray diffraction allowed the identification, next to α-HgS, of the Hg and S-containing compound calomel (Hg2Cl2) but also of the Hg, S and Cl-containing minerals corderoite (α-Hg3S2Cl2) and kenhsuite (γ-Hg3S2Cl2). These observations are consistent with X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements performed at the S- and Cl-edges.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000289731900011 Publication Date 2011-03-03
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 40 Open Access
Notes ; The authors gratefully acknowledge GOA programme “XANES meets EELS'' (University of Antwerp Research Council), the IUAP VI/P16 programme ”Nacho'' (BELSPO, Brussels, Belgium) and FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0689.06, G.0704.08 and G017909N for financial support, the ESRF for granting beamtime under proposals no. EC442 and EC720, and Gema Martinez-Criado for practical help on ID18F. The KMSKA staff is also gratefully acknowledged for their help and interest. Javier Chillida is thanked for providing us with the Pedralbes samples. The authors are also indebted to the CHARISMA project (grant agreement 228330) for financial support. ; Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379; 2011 IF: 3.220
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:89927 Serial 5896
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Author Aghaei, M.; Lindner, H.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Effect of a mass spectrometer interface on inductively coupled plasma characteristics : a computational study Type A1 Journal article
Year 2012 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 604-610
Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract An inductively coupled plasma connected to a mass spectrometer interface (sampling cone) is computationally investigated. Typical plasma characteristics, such as gas flow velocity, plasma temperature and electron density, are calculated in two dimensions (cylindrical symmetry) and compared with and without a mass spectrometer sampling interface. The results obtained from our model compare favorably with experimental data reported in the literature. A dramatic increase in the plasma velocity is reported in the region close to the interface. Furthermore, a cooled metal interface lowers the plasma temperature and electron density on the axial channel very close to the sampling cone but the corresponding values in the off axial regions are increased. Therefore, the effect of the interface strongly depends on the measurement position. It is shown that even a small shift from the actual position of the sampler leads to a considerable change of the results.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication London Editor
Language Wos 000301496700005 Publication Date 2012-02-22
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477;1364-5544; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 18 Open Access
Notes Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379; 2012 IF: 3.155
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:97386 Serial 791
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Aghaei, M.; Lindner, H.; Bogaerts, A.
Title The effect of the sampling cone position and diameter on the gas flow dynamics in an ICP Type A1 Journal article
Year 2013 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 28 Issue 9 Pages 1485-1492
Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract An inductively coupled plasma, connected to a sampling cone of a mass spectrometer, is computationally investigated. The effects of the sampler orifice diameter (ranging from 1 to 2 mm) and distance of the sampler cone from the load coil (ranging from 7 to 17 mm) are studied. An increase in sampler orifice diameter leads to a higher central plasma temperature at the place of the sampler, as well as more efficient gas transfer through the sampler, by reducing the interaction of the plasma gas with the sampling cone. However, the flow velocity at the sampler position is found to be independent of the sampler orifice diameter. Moreover, by changing the sampler orifice diameter, we can control whether only the central gas or also the auxiliary gas can exit through the sampler. Finally, with the increasing distance of the sampler from the load coil, the plasma temperature at the place of the sampler decreases slightly, which might also have consequences for the ion generation and transport through the sampling cone.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication London Editor
Language Wos 000322922300016 Publication Date 2013-06-26
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477;1364-5544; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 14 Open Access
Notes Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379; 2013 IF: 3.396
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:109204 Serial 848
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Alfeld, M.; Pedroso, J.V.; van Hommes, M.E.; van der Snickt, G.; Tauber, G.; Blaas, J.; Haschke, M.; Erler, K.; Dik, J.; Janssens, K.
Title A mobile instrument for in situ scanning macro-XRF investigation of historical paintings Type A1 Journal article
Year 2013 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 28 Issue 5 Pages 760-767
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Scanning macro-X-ray fluorescence analysis (MA-XRF) is rapidly being established as a technique for the investigation of historical paintings. The elemental distribution images acquired by this method allow for the visualization of hidden paint layers and thus provide insight into the artist's creative process and the painting's conservation history. Due to the lack of a dedicated, commercially available instrument the application of the technique was limited to a few groups that constructed their own instruments. We present the first commercially available XRF scanner for paintings, consisting of an X-ray tube mounted with a Silicon-Drift (SD) detector on a motorized stage to be moved in front of a painting. The scanner is capable of imaging the distribution of the main constituents of surface and sub-surface paint layers in an area of 80 by 60 square centimeters with dwell times below 10 ms and a lateral resolution below 100 mu m. The scanner features for a broad range of elements between Ti (Z = 22) and Mo (Z = 42) a count rate of more than 1000 counts per second (cps)?mass percent and detection limits of 100 ppm for measurements of 1 s duration. Next to a presentation of spectrometric figures of merit, the value of the technique is illustrated through a case study of a painting by Rembrandt's student Govert Flinck (1615-1660).
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000317674200019 Publication Date 2013-03-22
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 106 Open Access
Notes ; This research was supported by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme – Belgian Science Policy (IUAP VI/16). The text also presents the results of GOA “XANES meets ELNES” (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium) and from FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0704.08 and G.01769.09. M. Alfeld receives a Ph. D. fellowship of the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO). We thank J. Langerock for allowing us to examine the portable altar triptych shown in Fig. 5. ; Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379; 2013 IF: 3.396
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:108517 Serial 5453
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Alfeld, M.; de Nolf, W.; Cagno, S.; Janssens, K.; et al.
Title Revealing hidden paint layers in oil paintings by means of scanning macro-XRF : a mock-up study based on Rembrandt's “An old man in military costume” Type A1 Journal article
Year 2013 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 40-51
Keywords A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Abstract Over the past several decades the oeuvre of Rembrandt has been the subject of extensive art historical and scientific investigations. One of the most striking features to emerge is his frequent re-use of canvases and panels. The painting An Old Man in Military Costume (78.PB.246), in the collection of the J. Paul Getty Museum, is an example of such a re-used panel. Conventional imaging techniques revealed the presence of a second portrait under the surface portrait, but the details of this hidden portrait have not yet been revealed. Vermilion (HgS) has been identified to have been used nearly exclusively in the flesh tones of the lower painting, suggesting that element-specific XRF imaging might successfully image the hidden portrait. To test this hypothesis, a full-scale mock-up of the painting was created, including a “free impression” of the hidden portrait, reproducing as closely as possible the pigments and paint stratigraphy of the original painting. XRF imaging of the mock-up painting was conducted using three different XRF imaging systems: a mobile X-ray tube based system and two synchrotron-based setups (one equipped with multiple SDDs and one equipped with a Maia detector). The sensitivity, limits of detection and imaging capabilities of each system under the chosen experimental conditions are evaluated and compared. The results indicate that an investigation of the original painting by this method would have an excellent chance of success.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Wos 000314903400003 Publication Date 2012-11-22
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477 ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited Open Access
Notes ; This research was supported by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme – Belgian Science Policy (IUAP VI/16). The text also presents results of GOA “XANES meets ELNES” (Research Fund University of Antwerp, Belgium) and from FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects no. G.0704.08 and G.01769.09. Further, the research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no 226716. M. Alfeld receives a Ph.D. fellowship of the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO). The authors gratefully acknowledge Yvonne Szafran and the staff of the Paintings Conservation Department of the J. Paul Getty Museum for making available their infrared reflectography (IRR) and X-radiographic images of the painting, and also the neutron activation analysis (NAA) images acquired in 1996 at NIST by Dr Henry Prask in collaboration with Mark Leonard, former head of the J. Paul Getty Museum Paintings Conservation Department. We are also grateful to Peter Reischig, a graduate intern at the Getty Conservation Institute and a Ph.D. candidate at Delft University of Technology for his assistance. ; Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379; 2013 IF: 3.396
Call Number UA @ admin @ c:irua:107704 Serial 5818
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Author Borovinskaya, O.; Aghaei, M.; Flamigni, L.; Hattendorf, B.; Tanner, M.; Bogaerts, A.; Günther, D.
Title Diffusion- and velocity-driven spatial separation of analytes from single droplets entering an ICP off-axis Type A1 Journal article
Year 2014 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 262-271
Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract The reproducible temporal separation of ion signals generated from a single multi-element droplet, observed in previous studies, was investigated in detail in this work using an ICPTOFMS with high temporal resolution. It was shown that the signal peak intensities of individual elements temporally shift relative to each other only for droplets moving through the plasma off-axis. The magnitude of these shifts correlated with the vaporization temperatures of the analytes and depended on the radial position of the droplets as well as on the thermal properties and velocity profiles of the carrier gases of the ICP. The occurrence of the signal shifting was explained by a spatial separation of analytes already present in the vapor phase in the ICP from a yet unvaporized residue of the droplet. This separation is most likely driven by anisotropic diffusion of vaporized analytes towards the plasma axis and a radial velocity gradient. The proposed explanation is supported by modeling of the gas velocities inside the ICP and imaging of the atomic and ionic emissions produced from single droplets, whose patterns were sloping towards the center of the torch. The effects observed in these studies are important not only for the fundamental understanding of analyteplasma interactions but have also a direct impact on the signal intensities and stability.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication London Editor
Language Wos 000329934000006 Publication Date 2013-11-02
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477;1364-5544; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 18 Open Access
Notes Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379; 2014 IF: 3.466
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:112897 Serial 697
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Author Aghaei, M.; Flamigni, L.; Lindner, H.; Günther, D.; Bogaerts, A.
Title Occurrence of gas flow rotational motion inside the ICP torch : a computational and experimental study Type A1 Journal article
Year 2014 Publication Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry Abbreviated Journal J Anal Atom Spectrom
Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 249-261
Keywords A1 Journal article; Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
Abstract An inductively coupled plasma, connected to the sampling cone of a mass spectrometer, is computationally investigated. The occurrence of rotational motion of the auxiliary and carrier gas flows is studied. The effects of operating parameters, i.e., applied power and gas flow rates, as well as geometrical parameters, i.e., sampler orifice diameter and injector inlet diameter, are investigated. Our calculations predict that at higher applied power the auxiliary and carrier gas flows inside the torch move more forward to the sampling cone, which is validated experimentally for the auxiliary gas flow, by means of an Elan 6000 ICP-MS. Furthermore, an increase of the gas flow rates can also modify the occurrence of rotational motion. This is especially true for the carrier gas flow rate, which has a more pronounced effect to reduce the backward motion than the flow rates of the auxiliary and cooling gas. Moreover, a larger sampler orifice (e.g., 2 mm instead of 1 mm) reduces the backward flow of the auxiliary gas path lines. Finally, according to our model, an injector inlet of 2 mm diameter causes more rotations in the carrier gas flow than an injector inlet diameter of 1.5 mm, which can be avoided again by changing the operating parameters.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication London Editor
Language Wos 000329934000005 Publication Date 2013-11-14
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0267-9477;1364-5544; ISBN Additional Links UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
Impact Factor 3.379 Times cited 21 Open Access
Notes Approved (up) Most recent IF: 3.379; 2014 IF: 3.466
Call Number UA @ lucian @ c:irua:112896 Serial 2427
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