“Influence of gaseous and particulate air pollutants on stained glass windows: case study in the Basilica Saint Urbain in Troyes, France”. Kontozova V, Godoi RHM, Spolnik Z, Worobiec A, Deutsch F, Van Grieken R, (2005)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
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“Influence of ion energy-distributions and matrix effects on spark source-mass spectrometric analysis”. Vos L, Van Grieken R, International journal of mass spectrometry and ion processes 51, 63 (1983). http://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7381(83)85029-3
Abstract: The energy distributions of ions produced in a spark source mass spectrometer were recorded for different trace element ions and for the total ion current. Both electrodes of pure doped graphite, and with 10% potassium salts added, were examined. The results show that the measured energy of an ion is mainly determined by the m/z ratio and that the energy of the total ion current depends on the sample composition. It was also clear that if the accelerating voltage is set to obtain maximum transmission of the total ion current, the fraction of the heavy elements that is discriminated at the β-slit depends on the matrix composition if the pass band of the instrument is narrow. These effects influence considerably the accuracy in the analysis of variable samples.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0020-7381(83)85029-3
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“Influence of ion-source geometry in spark source-mass spectrometric analysis”. Vos L, Van Grieken R, International journal of mass spectrometry and ion processes 59, 221 (1984). http://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1176(84)85098-3
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(84)85098-3
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Anaf W (2014) The influence of particulate matter on cultural heritage : chemical characterisation of the interaction between the atmospheric environment and pigments. 319 p
Keywords: Doctoral thesis; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Influence of sample thickness, excitation energy and geometry on particle size effects in XRF”. Van Dyck P, Markowicz A, Van Grieken R, X-ray spectrometry 14, 183 (1985). http://doi.org/10.1002/XRS.1300140409
Abstract: Expressions are presented for calculating the matrix effect and the pure particle size effect in the XRF analysis of particulate samples with a discrete particle size. The equations are based on the absorption-weighted radiometric diameter concept. Two excitationdetection geometries are considered, with the angles between the sample plane and both the incident and emerging radiation being either 90° (π geometry) or 45° (π/2 geometry). Calculations were made for different sample loadings and exciting radiation energies. The influence of these parameters on the matrix and pure particle size effects is shown. From the results, it is possible to predict the performances of alternative experimental correction procedures for the particle size effect, involving dual measurements at different excitation energies or in different excitationdetection geometries.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1002/XRS.1300140409
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“Influence of spark generator parameters in the analysis of graphite-electrodes by spark source-mass spectrometry”. Vos L, Van Grieken R, International journal of mass spectrometry and ion processes 55, 233 (1984). http://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1176(84)87087-1
Abstract: Spark source mass spectrometric analyses of doped carbon samples were performed at different pulse lengths, pulse frequencies and breakdown voltages. The pulse length and pulse frequencies had no influence on the analysis. The relation between breakdown voltage, spark gap and sample matrix was determined. With increasing breakdown voltage, the abundance of the multiply charged ions was found to decrease, whereas the abundance of the cluster ions increased. The breakdown voltage was also found to affect the absolute and relative intensities of different elements in different manners. Interpretation of these results led to some new considerations on the phenomena in a spark discharge.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(84)87087-1
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“Influence on photoplate evaluation parameters in spark source mass spectrometric analysis”. Verbueken A, Van Grieken R, Bulletin des sociétés chimiques belges 90, 331 (1981)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Infrared investigation of hard human teeth tissues exposed to various doses of ionizing radiation from the 1986 Chernobyl accident”. Darchuk LA, Zaverbna LV, Bebeshko VG, Worobiec A, Stefaniak EA, Van Grieken R, Spectroscopy 22, 105 (2008). http://doi.org/10.1155/2008/843612
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1155/2008/843612
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“Inhable particulate matter from lime industries: chemical composition and deposition in human respiratory tract”. Godoi RHM, Braga DM, Makarovska Y, Alfoldy B, Carvalho Filho MAS, Van Grieken R, Godoi AFL, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 42, 7027 (2008). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2008.07.002
Abstract: Air pollution caused by the lime production industry has become a serious problem with potential effects to human health, especially in developing countries. Colombo is a city included in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba (capital of Parana State) in South Brazil. In Colombo city, a correlation has been shown between the lime production and the number of persons who need respiratory treatment in a local hospital, indicating that the lime industry can cause deleterious health effects in the exposed workers and population. This research was conducted to deal firstly with the characterization of the size distribution and chemical compositions of particles emitted from lime manufacturing and subsequently to assess the deposition rate of inhaled dolomitic lime aerosol particles in the human respiratory tract. The elemental chemical composition and particle size of individual atmospheric particles was quantitatively elucidated, including low-Z components like C, N and 0, as well as higher-Z elements, using automated electron probe microanalysis. Information concerning the bulk composition is provided by energy-dispersive X-ray detection. The majority of the respirable particulate matter identified was composed of aluminosilicates, Ca-Mg oxides, carbon-rich particles, mixtures of organic particles and Ca-Mg carbonates, soot and biogenic particles. In view of the chemical composition and size distribution of the aerosol particles, local deposition efficiencies in the human respiratory system were calculated, revealing the deposition of CaO center dot MgO at extrathoracic, tracheobronchial and pulmonary levels. The results of this study offer evidence to the threat of the fine and coarse particles emitted from dolomite lime manufacturing, allowing policy-makers to better focus their mitigation strategies in an effective way, as well as to the dolomite producers for the purpose of designing and/or implementing improved emission controls.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2008.07.002
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“Inhibition mechanisms affecting deammonification of dewatering filtrate from thermally hydrolyzed digested solid”. Zhang Q, De Clippeleir H, DeBarbadillo C, Su C, Al-Omari A, Wett B, Chandran K, Vlaeminck SE, Murthy S, , 9 p.
T2 (2016)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
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“An innovative air purification method and neural network algorithm applied to urban streets”. Boumahdi M, El Amrani C, Denys S, International journal of embedded and real-time communication systems 10, 1 (2019). http://doi.org/10.4018/IJERTCS.2019100101
Abstract: In the present work, multiphysics modeling was used to investigate the feasibility of a photocatalysis-based outdoor air purifying solution that could be used in high polluted streets, especially street canyons. The article focuses on the use of a semi-active photocatalysis in the surfaces of the street as a solution to remove anthropogenic pollutants from the air. The solution is based on lamellae arranged horizontally on the wall of the street, coated with a photocatalyst (TiO2), lightened with UV light, with a dimension of 8 cm × 48 cm × 1 m. Fans were used in the system to create airflow. A high purification percentage was obtained. An artificial neural network (ANN) was used to predict the optimal purification method based on previous simulations, to design purification strategies considering the energy cost. The ANN was used to forecast the amount of purified with a feed-forward neural network and a backpropagation algorithm to train the model.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology (DuEL)
DOI: 10.4018/IJERTCS.2019100101
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“Inorganic compounds of atmospheric aerosols”. Claes M, Gysels K, Van Grieken R, Harrison RM page 95 (1998).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Inorganic deterioration affecting the Altamira Cave, N Spain: quantitative approach to wall-corrosion (solutional etching) processes induced by visitors”. Sánchez-Moral S, Soler V, Cañaveras JC, Sanz-Rubio E, Van Grieken R, Gysels K, The science of the total environment 243/244, 67 (1999). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00348-4
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00348-4
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“Inorganic nitrogen speciation in single micrometer-size particles by laser microprobe mass analysis”. Bruynseels F, Otten P, Van Grieken R, Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry 3, 237 (1988). http://doi.org/10.1039/JA9880300237
Abstract: Individual micrometer-size particles of inorganic nitrogen salts, such as NaNO3, NaNO2, (NH4)2SO4, NH4Cl, NH4NO3 and their mixtures, were analysed in the laser microprobe mass analyser. The cluster-ion distributions of the salts are systematically described and can be used to gain speciation information. The results can be used to study the distribution of the atmospheric aerosol inorganic nitrogen compounds and to investigate their chemical transformations under ambient conditions.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1039/JA9880300237
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“Integrated analytical techniques for analysing individual environmental particles”. Potgieter-Vermaak S, Van Grieken R, Potgieter JH page 123 (2012).
Keywords: H2 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Integrated analytical techniques for the characterisation of environmental particles”. Potgieter-Vermaak S, Van Grieken R, Potgieter JH, Spectroscopy Europe 22, 12 (2010)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Integration of analysis techniques of different scales using X ray induced and electron induced X ray spectrometry for applications in preventive conservation and environmental monitoring”. Van Grieken R, Darchuk L, Kontozova V, Potgieter-Vermaak S, van Meel K, Stefaniak E, Worobiec A page 53 (2011).
Abstract: In the past years, and also within the framework of this CRP, we have used a combination of several nuclear and non-nuclear techniques in fundamental research and especially in various applications. Most work has been done with energy-dispersive X ray fluorescence in combination with electron probe X ray microanalysis, but several other more common analysis techniques have been used as well. The applications have included mostly preventive conservation (e.g. characterisation of damaging atmospheric particles in many museums) and environmental monitoring (e.g. for atmospheric particles in relation to their health effects in outdoor and especially indoor environments). Fundamental aspects have been in the optimising of interfaced electron microprobe and Raman microprobe analysis and the evaluation of the potential of such an instrument for atmospheric aerosols; quite a few unexpected and unpredicted problems have appeared in the latter study.
Keywords: H2 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
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“Interfaced SEM/EDX and micro-Raman spectrometry for characterisation of heterogeneous environmental particles: fundamental and practical challenges”. Worobiec A, Potgieter-Vermaak S, Brooker A, Darchuk L, Stefaniak E, Van Grieken R, Microchemical journal 94, 65 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.MICROC.2009.09.003
Abstract: The molecular character of atmospheric particulate matter is of prime importance when interpreting air pollution trends and its subsequent influence on environmental monitoring and preventative conservation. The known methods of estimating the molecular composition normally involve elemental analysis of particles (both as bulk and computer controlled analyses of single particles) with subsequent multivariate analyses to clusterise the elements in groups of elements that are closely related to each other. With this approach one can at best suggest associations. Evidently the application of molecular spectroscopy in addition to elemental concentration profiles would provide intimate information regarding the nature of the particles and consequently their fate. This paper gives an overview of research performed in our laboratory and describes the optimisation of experimental parameters to use scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray detection (SEM/EDX) or electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPXMA) in parallel with micro-Raman Spectrometry (MRS) to investigate single environmental particles. The challenges associated with the two stand-alone techniques are revealed and consequently those posed with an interfaced approach are discussed. Preliminary results, of an initial investigation of the SEM/EDX interfaced with MRS to ultra-fine heterogeneous environmental particles, are given.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1016/J.MICROC.2009.09.003
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“Interference technique in grazing-emission electron probe microanalysis of submicrometer particles”. Bekshaev A, Van Grieken R, Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy 56, 503 (2001). http://doi.org/10.1016/S0584-8547(01)00177-X
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S0584-8547(01)00177-X
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“Internal mixture of sea salt, silicates, and excess sulfate in marine aerosols”. Andreae MO, Charlson RJ, Bruynseels F, Storms H, Van Grieken R, Maenhaut W, Science 232, 1620 (1986). http://doi.org/10.1126/SCIENCE.232.4758.1620
Abstract: Individual aerosol particles from the remote marine atmosphere were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and electron microprobe analysis. A large fraction of the silicate mineral component of the aerosol was found to be internally mixed with sea-salt aerosol particles. This observation explains the unexpected similarity in the size distributions of silicates and sea salt that has been observed in remote marine aerosols. Reentrainment of dust particles previously deposited onto the sea surface and collision between aerosol particles can be excluded as possible source mechanisms for these internally mixed aerosols. The internal mixing could be produced by processes within clouds, including droplet coalescence. Cloud processes may also be responsible for the observed enrichment of excess (nonsea-salt) sulfate on sea-salt particles.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1126/SCIENCE.232.4758.1620
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“Interpretation of aerosol trace metal particle size distributions”. Johansson TB, Van Grieken RE, Winchester JW page 356 (1975).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Introducing four new members of the editorial board of X-ray spectrometry”. Van Grieken R, X-ray spectrometry 44, 1 (2015). http://doi.org/10.1002/XRS.2577
Keywords: Editorial; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1002/XRS.2577
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“Introducing John Campbell, the new regional editor for North America of X-Ray Spectrometry”. Van Grieken R, X-ray spectrometry 43, 67 (2014). http://doi.org/10.1002/XRS.2534
Keywords: Editorial; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1002/XRS.2534
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“Introduction: considering the role of X-ray spectrometry in chemical analysis and outlining the volume”. Van Grieken R page 1 (2004).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Investigation of gaseous and particulate air pollutants at the Basilica Saint-Urbain in Troyes, related to the preservation of the medieval stained glass windows”. Kontozova-Deutsch V, Godoi RHM, Worobiec A, Spolnik Z, Krata A, Deutsch F, Van Grieken R, Microchimica acta 162, 425 (2008). http://doi.org/10.1007/S00604-007-0930-9
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1007/S00604-007-0930-9
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“Investigation of heavy metal distributions along 15m soil profiles using EDXRF, XRD, SEM-EDX, and ICP-MS techniques”. Ozen SA, Ozkalayci F, Cevik U, Van Grieken R, X-ray spectrometry 47, 231 (2018). http://doi.org/10.1002/XRS.2832
Abstract: The research of soil contamination by heavy metal is an important field due to its environmental and health implications. The goal was to study the elemental mobility as a function of depth. For this reason, the distribution of heavy metals (V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Sn, and Pb) was investigated along soil profiles up to a depth of 15m at 9 sampling sites in the Nilufer industrial district (Bursa, Turkey). Elemental analyses were done with the Epsilon 5 energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry equipment. Particle analysis was performed with a JEOL scanning electron microscope equipped with a Si(Li) X-ray detector. The crystallographic compositions of oxide compounds in soil samples were identified by a Rigaku X-ray diffraction instrument. Different parameters such as the soil's chemical (mineralogical structure, pH, and electrical conductivity) and physical properties (the number of blows, the stiffness index, the liquidity index, the plasticity index, and the water content) were analyzed. To assess the mobility of the heavy metals, diffusion (D) and convection coefficients (?) were calculated with the finite difference method. Convection was determined to dominate the studied region. In addition, the mobility coefficient was determined for each metal. High mobilities were determined for Zn and V, moderate mobilities for Cr, Ni, Cu, and As, and low mobilities were determined for Co and Pb. The results revealed that elements had reached depths of up to 15m, causing irreversible soil contamination that may lead to environmental health issues.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1002/XRS.2832
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“Investigation of heterogeneous reactions of PAH's on particle surfaces using laser microprobe mass analysis”. Niessner R, Klockow D, Bruynseels F, Van Grieken R, International journal of environmental analytical chemistry 22, 281 (1985). http://doi.org/10.1080/03067318508076427
Abstract: Artificially generated NaCl particles were coated with PAH's by using a condensation technique. These particles were exposed to reactive gases like ozone, bromine and nitrogen dioxide. The original as well as the exposed particles were investigated by fluorimetric analysis and by LAMMA (Laser Microprobe Mass Analysis) in the desorption mode, which allows the evaporation and characterization of surfaces of single particles. The results are interpreted in terms of possible heterogeneous atmospheric reactions. The reactivity of the considered PAH's towards nitrogen dioxide was found to be negligible. The structure of the reaction products formed with ozone was partially elucidated.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1080/03067318508076427
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“Investigation of inclusions trapped inside Libyan desert glass by Raman microscopy”. Swaenen M, Stefaniak EA, Frost R, Worobiec A, Van Grieken R, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 397, 2659 (2010). http://doi.org/10.1007/S00216-009-3351-2
Abstract: Several specimens of Libyan desert glass (LDG), an enigmatic natural glass from Egypt, were subjected to investigation by micro-Raman spectroscopy. The spectra of inclusions inside the LDG samples were successfully measured through the layers of glass and the mineral species were identified on this basis. The presence of cristobalite as typical for high-temperature melt products was confirmed, together with co-existing quartz. TiO2 was determined in two polymorphic species rutile and anatase. Micro-Raman spectroscopy proved also the presence of minerals unusual for high-temperature glasses such as anhydrite and aragonite.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
DOI: 10.1007/S00216-009-3351-2
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“Investigation of individual particles and gaseous air pollutants in showcases”. Godoi RHM, Kontozova V, Godoi AFL, Van Grieken R page 147 (2004).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Investigation of mechanical properties of porous composite scaffolds with tailorable degradation kinetics after in vitro degradation using digital image correlation”. Idaszek J, Brynk T, Jaroszewicz J, Vanmeert F, Bruinink A, Swieszkowski W, Polymer composites 38, 2402 (2017). http://doi.org/10.1002/PC.23825
Abstract: Tissue engineering combines artificial scaffolds and living cells in order to reconstruct damaged tissues and organs. The biodegradable scaffolds should maintain their mechanical properties during first stages of the regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent the degradation affects the mechanical stability of novel biodegradable composite scaffolds in relation to their composition. The scaffolds were made using fused deposition modeling. They were composed of ternary composites containing poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL), 5 wt% of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and 5, 15, and 25 wt% of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA). Scaffolds made of pristine PCL and binary composite PCL-TCP were tested as reference samples. The degradation experiment was carried out in simulated body fluid at 37 degrees C for 12 weeks. Mechanical tests were carried out in a mechanical tester. Strain was measured using digital image correlation and crossbar displacement. Chemical composition had a significant effect on initial mechanical properties and their changes during degradation. The initial apparent Young's modulus of ternary composite scaffolds was two times higher than that of PCL-TCP. Higher PLGA concentration yielded faster decrease of the mechanical properties. At the end of the experiment, there were no significant differences of the modulus among all tested materials although degradation of the ternary composite scaffolds was significantly advanced. (C) 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1002/PC.23825
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