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	Author	Ramesh, R.; Subramanian, V.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Heavy metal distribution in sediments of Krishna River basin, India			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1990	Publication	Environmental geology and water sciences	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	15	Issue		Pages	207-216
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0177-5146	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116933			Serial	8022
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Koleleni, Y.I.A.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Analysis of biological materials from Tanzania by total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) analysis			Type	A3 Journal article
	Year	1990	Publication	Tanzania journal of science	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	16	Issue		Pages	143-157
	Keywords	A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116934			Serial	7442
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Artaxo, P.; Van Grieken, R.; Watt, F.; Jaksic, M.
	Title	The microanalysis of individual atmospheric aerosol particles by electron, proton and laser microprobe			Type	P3 Proceeding
	Year	1990	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:117515			Serial	8235
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Eltayeb, M.A.H.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Preconcentration and XRF-determination of heavy metals in hair from Sudanese populations			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	131	Issue	2	Pages	331-342
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis was applied for the analysis of hair. The hair samples were digested in a mixture of nitric and perchloric acid and the heavy metals were precipitated with ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. The accuracy, precision and recovery of the method for the elements Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb were evaluated through the analysis of a standard hair sample. The procedure was applied to the analysis of hair from an occupationally exposed group of Sudanese workers and a control group. The hair of the exposed group showed a range of 80550 ppm Fe, 612 ppm Cu, 57190 ppm Zn and 703700 ppm Pb, while that of the control group had a range of 60310 ppm Fe, 722 ppm Cu, 89170 ppm Zn and 317 ppm Pb.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1989AL77700009	Publication Date	2005-08-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0236-5731; 1588-2780	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116816			Serial	8399
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Vandeputte, D.F.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Foets, B.J.J.; Misotten, L.
	Title	Characterization of the spheroliths present in primary atypical bandkeratopathy using laser microprobe mass analysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	Biomedical and environmental mass spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	18	Issue	9	Pages	753-756
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Laser microprobe mass analysis was applied to study the chemical composition of spheroliths in the Bowman's membrane of patients suffering from primary atypical bandkeratopathy. The inclusions appear to consist mainly of calcium phosphate.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2005-05-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0887-6134	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116824			Serial	7635
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Vandeputte, D.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Jacob, W.A.; Savory, J.; Bertholf, R.L.; Wills, M.R.
	Title	Ultrastructural localization of aluminium in liver of aluminium maltol-treated rabbits by laser microprobe mass analysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	Biomedical and environmental mass spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	18	Issue	8	Pages	598-602
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	By means of laser microprobe mass analysis (LAMMA), we have studied the ultrastructural localization of aluminium in livers of aluminium maltol-treated rabbits. This animal model was developed to study long-term aluminium toxicity using systemic (intravenous) administration of aluminium. We could only detect aluminium in electron-dense inclusion bodies found in large, sometimes multinucleated cells. These results prove that the actual observation of aluminium deposits in liver with LAMMA gives more information than bulk analysis and can be very useful to explore mechanisms of toxicity.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2005-05-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0887-6134	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116817			Serial	8702
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Storms, H.M.; Janssens, K.H.; Török, S.B.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Evaluation of the ArmstrongBuseck correction for automated electron probe X-ray microanalysis of particles			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	18	Issue	2	Pages	45-52
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The ArmstrongBuseck correction for absorption effects in electron probe x-ray microanalysis of particles considers seven specific particle shapes, and for these geometries exact correction equations are used. This procedure implies that the analyst has to associate the particle to be analysed with a certain particle type; an arbitrary relative thickness is sometimes assumed. A theoretical study was made of this absorption correction as a function of the particle composition, type and thickness for micrometre-sized particles. It appears that a correct choice of the particle type is critical. However, when the analytical results are normalized to 100%, the differences between the models are much less pronounced, and it is justified to assume a spherical model in all cases.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1989U261400001	Publication Date	2005-05-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116489			Serial	5616
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Muia, L.M.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Theoretical evaluation of the effective alpha and De Jongh approaches in X-ray fluorescence analysis of geological materials in borax glass beads			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	18	Issue	6	Pages	259-262
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	An evaluation of the accuracy and suitability of the LachanceTraill algorithm using effective α-coefficients, and the De Jongh α approach for x-ray fluorescence analysis of borax glass beads prepared from geological material was performed. By using theoretical α-coefficients obtained from the same standard and calculated elemental intensities, the two algorithms were compared under identical conditions. When only the monitor standard is used, the LachanceTrail1 approach is found to be inferior to the De Jongh basic α method. If multi-standard calibration is performed for both approaches, the accuracies are almost identical and no significant difference is found in the results. The LachanceTraill algorithm has the advantage of being easier to implement on a minicomputer and, when used without standards, it is found to give results within a few percent of the true values, which is a useful indicator in the choice of appropriate standards for more accurate analytical work.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1989CE70800002	Publication Date	2005-05-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116490			Serial	8660
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kolaitis, L.N.; Bruynseels, F.J.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Andreae, M.O.
	Title	Determination of methanesulfonic acid and non-sea-salt sulfate in single marine aerosol particles			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	Environmental science and technology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	23	Issue	2	Pages	236-240
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1989T024900023	Publication Date	2005-03-17
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0013-936x; 1520-5851	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116813			Serial	7783
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Roekens, E.; Bleyen, C.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Sulphite and sulphate concentrations in weathering products of sandy limestone and in deposition samples			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	Environmental pollution	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	57	Issue	4	Pages	289-298
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The sulphite and sulphate concentrations in weathering products of limestone and in wet and total deposition samples were measured by the modified West-Gaeke method and by ion chromatography. The sulphite content in the weathering crust and in the runoff rainwater of two historical buildings in Belgium, was always much lower than the sulphate content. The maximum sulphite to sulphate ratio was 2·5%. The sulphite concentration in wet and total deposition samples was in the low or sub ppm range except during two misty periods when the sulphite concentration was 6·8 and 21 mg litre−1. In those samples a high sulphate concentration was also found (nl. 57 and 137 mg litre−1, respectively).
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1989U130000003	Publication Date	2003-09-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0269-7491; 1873-6424	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116814			Serial	8621
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Leysen, L.; Roekens, E.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Air-pollution-induced chemical decay of a sandy-limestone cathedral in Belgium			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	The science of the total environment	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	78	Issue		Pages	263-277
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Different trace- and microanalytical techniques were used in an extensive study to elucidate the chemical deterioration process of the sandy-limestone St Rombouts Cathedral in Mechelen, Belgium. Samples of stones, mortar joints, slates, atmospheric aerosols and gases, total and wet deposition, and water that had run down the cathedral walls, were all thoroughly characterized. At the east side, usually not exposed to precipitation, a 3001000-μm thick outer crust of microcrystalline gypsum was observed, while at the west side, this surface layer was mostly eroded away due to precipitation. At the north and south sides, the crust contains varying amounts of gypsum and calcite. The gypsum is mostly present in a bar-shaped morphology and carbonaceous fly-ash particles were rarely found in the weathering crust. Local stone characteristics seem to be extremely important in relation to the gypsum content of the crust; black samples always have a much higher sulphate content than the corresponding white samples, irrespective of the predominant direction of orientation. The relative contribution of nitrogen- and chlorine-containing pollutants to the total decay process is much smaller than that of sulphur-containing pollutants. Deposition samples collected at the site of the cathedral mostly had a pH of > 5.6, due to the neutralization of the rainwater by alkaline atmospheric constituents. Runoff water and washdown water were enriched in all ions, especially Ca2+ and SO42−, indicating that, indeed, gypsum is the most important weathering product. The suspension in deposition samples and black-well leaching water was highly enriched in silicon-containing particles, while runoff water and white-wall leaching water contained a predominant calcium-rich suspension.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1989R806400021	Publication Date	2003-09-12
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0048-9697; 1879-1026	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116649			Serial	7431
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Bernard, P.C.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Brügmann, L.
	Title	Geochemistry of suspended matter from the baltic sea : 1 : results of individual particle characterization by automated electron microprobe			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	Marine chemistry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	26	Issue	2	Pages	155-177
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Automated electron probe X-ray microanalysis was used to characterize some 15 000 individual suspension particles from 50 samples of suspended matter collected from different depths at 18 stations throughout the Baltic Sea and the transient area to the North Sea. For each particle, 14 minor and major elements were determined and size information data were obtained. To process this huge amount of results, multivariate analysis techniques were invoked: the particles were classified into specific types and the abundance variations of these groups were studied. It appeared that 80% of all investigated particles contained mostly silicon, and seemed to consist of quartz, and K-rich and Fe-rich aluminosilicates. The abundance of BaSO4 particles averaged 5% throughout the Baltic Sea, but amounted to up to 44% at some stations. The abundance of the Fe-rich particles varied significantly with location and depth, and averaged ∼ 4%. They were often found to be associated with significant amounts of P. Both of these particle types and the Mn-rich particles are thought to be mainly authigenic. Calcium carbonate particles are more abundant towards the North Sea (which seems to act as a source). Principal component analysis of the data revealed that most of the compositional variability can be explained by differences between deep and surface waters and by the influences of inflowing North Sea waters. Additional information about the types and sources of the suspended matter in the Baltic Sea was gained from the comparison and correlation of the single particle results with different fractions of the bulk concentrations of elements such as Al, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn and Ba.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1989T986200005	Publication Date	2003-08-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0304-4203; 1872-7581	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116699			Serial	7995
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Eisma, D.; Kalf, J.; Karmini, M.; Mook, W.G.; Van Put, A.; Bernard, P.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Dispersal of suspended matter in Makasar Strait and the Flores Basin			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	Netherlands journal of sea research	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	24	Issue	4	Pages	383-398
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	In November 1984 in Makasar and the Flores Basin water samples were collected (T, S, dissolved O2, total CO2), bottom samples (sediment composition) and suspended matter (particle composition, particle size). A sediment trap was moored in the Flores Basin at 4600 m depth for nearly four months, covering the dry season. In the Flores Basin there are indications for bottom flow resuspending bottom material or preventing suspended material from settling; in Makasar Strait there is probably inflow of deep water both from the south and from the north, resulting in a very slow bottom water flor. Bottom deposits in Makasar Strait and the Flores Basin are predominantly terrigenous, with an admixture of organic carbonate and silica (mostly coccoliths). Volcanic material is primarily present near to the volcanoes in the south and reaches the deeper basins by slumping. In the suspended matter no volcanic particles and little planktonic material were found, although the latter form 10 to 15% of the top sediment and of the material deposited in the sediment trap. In suspension particles with a large concentration of tin (Sn) were found associated mainly with iron. They probably come from northern Kalimantan or northern Sulawesi. Suspended matter concentrations were mainly less than 0.5 mg·dm−3, only off the Mahakam river mouth were concentrations higher than 1 mg·dm−3. Particle size was erratic because of the variable composition of the coarser particles in suspension. Organic matter concentrations in suspension (in mg·dm−3) roughly follow the distribution of total suspended matter but organic content (in %) of the suspended matter does not show any trends. All organic matter in suspension is of marine origin except in the Mahakam river and estuary. Deposition rates, as estimated from the sediment trap results, are 150 mg·cm−2·a−1 for the total sediment, 26 mg·cm−2·a−1 for carbonate and 13 mg·cm−2·a−1 for organic matter. Flocs and fibres in suspension were only found in and below the Mahakam river plume that reaches ca 400 km from the river mouth to the southeast, and in surface waters associated with plankton (diatoms). The formation of these flocs (broken-up macroflocs or marine snow) is primarily related to particle concentration, turbulence, and the presence of organisms that produce sticky material or glue particles together.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2003-08-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0077-7579; 1873-1406	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116825			Serial	7814
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Xhoffer, C.; Jacob, W.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Application of electron energy loss spectroscopy to aerosols			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	Journal of aerosol science	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	20	Issue	8	Pages	1617-1619
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1989CN23100191	Publication Date	2003-08-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-8502; 1879-1964	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116820			Serial	7472
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Rojas, C.M.; Otten, P.M.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Characterization of airborne particulate matter collected over the North Sea			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	Journal of aerosol science	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	20	Issue	8	Pages	1257-1260
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1989CN23100101	Publication Date	2003-08-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-8502; 1879-1964	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116819			Serial	7616
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Rojas, C.M.; Goossens, D.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Penetration of atmospheric aerosols during collection in cellulose filters, studied by secondary ion mass spectrometry			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	Journal of aerosol science	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	20	Issue	5	Pages	569-574
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The penetration of aerosol particles in a Whatman-41 cellulose filter has been studied via the depth profiles of different elements present in the aerosol. Depth profiles were obtained by analyzing both fine and coarse fractions from a dichotomous sampler by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The fine particles had an aerodynamic diameter dae of less than 2.5 μm, whereas the coarse fraction had 2.5 ≤ dae ≤ 15 μm. Elements such as Al, Si, Ca, Ti and Fe were associated with coarse airborne particles, while S, Cl, Zn, and Br were more abundant in the fine fraction. Results showed that particle size plays an important role in the distribution of particulate matter throughout the filter. SiTi-containing particles were mostly deposited near the surface of the filter, and their profiles can be estimated using a polynomial function, whereas the profile of AlCaFe-containing particles can be approached by an exponential decay function. Elements associated with fine fraction aerosols mainly originating from combustion processes, can penetrate up to about 25% of the total filter thickness, and their profiles are better represented by a diffusion function.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1989AN60500007	Publication Date	2003-08-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-8502; 1879-1964	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116822			Serial	8368
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Roekens, E.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Rates of air pollution induced surface recession and material loss for a cathedral in Belgium			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	Atmospheric environment	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	23	Issue	1	Pages	271-287
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Runoff water samples were taken at the St. Rombout's Cathedral (Mechelen, Belgium), which was constructed with sandy limestones of Balegem and Gobertingen. Gypsum appeared to be the principal deterioration compound. The mean annual surface recession from the cathedral was calculated to be around 20 μm. Yearly several tons of stone material are flushed away from the cathedral with the rain water.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2003-08-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0004-6981	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116455			Serial	8454
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Ramesh, R.; Subramanian, V.; Van Grieken, R.; Van 't dack, L.
	Title	The elemental chemistry of sediments in the Krishna River basin, India			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	Chemical geology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	74	Issue	3/4	Pages	331-341
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Composition of bed, core and suspended sediments collected from Krishna River sediments were studied and the observations are discussed in the light of other Indian rivers, world's average river suspended particles, surficial rock and soils. The contents of V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn in the suspended particles are higher in the Krishna River than in the world's average, indicating pollution inputs. Suspended sediments are enriched (5 to 10 times) in all the elements considered relative to bed sediments. Downstream profile and metal/Al ratios of the elements indicate that the mobility of elements within the basin is controlled by basin geology, size and mineralogical characteristics. Good correlations observed for a number of elements point out to their common sink in the clay fraction of the sediments. There is no systematic variation with depth for the major elements and most of the elements are considerably higher compared to estuarine or Bay of Bengal sediments.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1989T007000012	Publication Date	2003-08-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0009-2541	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:111482			Serial	7885
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Van Grieken, R.; Roekens, E.; Sweevers, H.; Vleugels, G.
	Title	Spectroscopy and ion chromatography to study the effects of air pollution on historical buildings			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	Spectroscopy	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	10	Issue		Pages	70-81
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0712-4813	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116826			Serial	8575
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	Author	Roekens, E.; Komy, Z.; Leysen, L.; Veny, P.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Chemistry of precipitation near a limestone building			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1988	Publication	Water, air and soil pollution	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	38	Issue	3/4	Pages	273-282
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	A total of 82 samples of wet and total deposition were sampled near the limestone cathedral at Mechelen, Belgium, which is presently being affected seriously by air pollution, and at a reference site. Most of these samples were analyzed for 10 major and 7 trace ions in solution and for 15 elements in suspension. It appeared that calcite, released from the building, effectively neutralizes the rainwater in the near vicinity and produces high Ca and bicarbonate concentrations. Heavy metal concentrations are hardly affected by the building.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2014-08-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-6979; 1573-2932	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116806			Serial	7663
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	Author	Artaxo, P.; Storms, H.; Bruynseels, F.; Van Grieken, R.; Maenhaut, W.
	Title	Composition and sources of aerosols from the Amazon basin			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1988	Publication	Journal of geophysical research	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	93	Issue	D2	Pages	1605-1615
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Aerosols were sampled in the Amazon Basin, as part of the Global Tropospheric Experiment (GTE), during the Amazon Boundary Layer Experiment (ABLE 2A) in JulyAugust 1985. Fine- and coarse-particle fractions were analyzed for 22 elements by particle-induced X ray emission. Gravimetric mass, black carbon, sulfate, and nitrate concentrations were also determined. Morphological and trace element measurements of individual particles were carried out by automated electron probe X ray microanalysis. Various receptor models, including multivariate methods and a chemical mass balance model, were employed in the interpretation of the bulk trace element concentrations. Three factors explained over 85% of the variability of fine- and coarse-mode variables. On the basis of the elemental composition of the factors, two could be identified as plant related, and the third was a soil dust component. Of the coarse-mode aerosol mass concentration (of 7.6±1.6 μg/m3), 62% could be attributed to aerosols released by the vegetation and 11% to soil dust. In the fine mode, soil dust accounted for less than 10% of the measured mass concentration (of 6.8±3.9 μg/m3). The variables related to the plant component were K, P, S, Ca, Mg, Cl, Rb, and the gravimetric mass. The elemental profile of the plant component resembled the bulk plant composition. By single-particle analysis coupled with hierarchical cluster analysis, six to nine different biogenic-related particle groups could be identified in the fine- and coarse-aerosol modes. Almost all particle types consisted predominantly of carbonaceous material, with trace amounts of K, S, Ca, P, Cl, and Na. Only one group, comprising less than 11% of the total number of particles, consisted of soil dustrelated aerosol.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1988M303000024	Publication Date	2008-02-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0148-0227; 2156-2202; 0022-1406; 0196-6928; 0196-6936; 0885-3401; 8755-8556; 0196-2256; 0747-7309; 1	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:113609			Serial	7702
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	Author	Wouters, L.; Bernard, P.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Characterization of individual estuarine and marine particles by LAMMA and EPXMA			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1988	Publication	International journal of environmental analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	34	Issue	1	Pages	17-29
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Laser microprobe mass analysis (LAMMA) was applied to particulate matter from the Atlantic Ocean. Inferring information about the surface layer by LAMMA was not probe X-ray microanalysis (EPXMA). Geochemically relevant groups of particles had been identified by EPXMA and cluster analysis. For both locations, the most abundant ones appeared to be those rich in silicon and the alumino-silicates. Afterwards LAMMA was applied to obtain more information about the trace element composition and surface characteristics. The iron-rich phase appeared to contain significant amounts of heavy metals and of phosphate. Lead appeared to be associated in detectable amounts with alumino-silicates in the Scheldt but not with those in the Atlantic Ocean. Inferring information about the surface layer by LAMMA was not always unambiguous.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1988Q274200002	Publication Date	2007-07-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0306-7319	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116577			Serial	7624
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	Author	Goossenaerts, C.; Van Grieken, R.; Jacob, W.; Witters, H.; Vanderborght, O.
	Title	A microanalytical study of the gills of aluminium-exposed rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1988	Publication	International journal of environmental analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	34	Issue	3	Pages	227-237
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1988T017900005	Publication Date	2007-07-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0306-7319	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116579			Serial	8240
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	Author	Wouters, L.C.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Linton, R.W.; Bauer, C.F.
	Title	Discrimination between coprecipitated and adsorbed lead on individual calcite particles using laser microprobe mass analysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1988	Publication	Analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	60	Issue	20	Pages	2218-2220
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1988Q513900012	Publication Date	2005-03-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2700; 5206-882x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116526			Serial	7813
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	Author	Markowicz, A.A.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	X-ray spectrometry			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1988	Publication	Analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	60	Issue	12	Pages	28r-42r
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2005-03-08
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2700; 5206-882x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116525			Serial	8780
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	Author	Bruynseels, F.; Otten, P.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Inorganic nitrogen speciation in single micrometer-size particles by laser microprobe mass analysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1988	Publication	Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	3	Issue		Pages	237-240
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Individual micrometer-size particles of inorganic nitrogen salts, such as NaNO3, NaNO2, (NH4)2SO4, NH4Cl, NH4NO3 and their mixtures, were analysed in the laser microprobe mass analyser. The cluster-ion distributions of the salts are systematically described and can be used to gain speciation information. The results can be used to study the distribution of the atmospheric aerosol inorganic nitrogen compounds and to investigate their chemical transformations under ambient conditions.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1988M144200041	Publication Date	2004-04-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0267-9477	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116800			Serial	8106
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	Author	Subramanian, V.; Jha, P.K.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Heavy metals in the Ganges estuary			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1988	Publication	Marine pollution bulletin	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	19	Issue	2	Pages	290-293
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1988P559400010	Publication Date	2003-08-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0025-326x; 1879-3363	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116803			Serial	8027
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	Author	Araújo, M.F.D.; Bernard, P.C.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Heavy metal contamination in sediments from the Belgian coast and Scheldt estuary			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1988	Publication	Marine pollution bulletin	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	19	Issue	2	Pages	269-273
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Sixty-two samples of total sediments and the separated clay/silt size fractions were analysed by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry to evaluate the pollution level and the trends in samples collected along the Belgian coast over a period of 6 yr and at four stations located in the Scheldt estuary where two of these were sampled periodically for 4 yr. Three correction methods for grain size effects were applied, either to the bulk sediment samples or to the clay/silt size fractions, and the results were compared. Local variations on the concentrations in some of the elements determined were used to establish whether they result from an anthropogenic or natural origin. The level of pollution was assessed as a function of the location, sampling date, and depth.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1988P559400005	Publication Date	2003-08-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0025-326x; 1879-3363	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116801			Serial	8021
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	Author	Bruynseels, F.; Storms, H.; Van Grieken, R.; Van der Auwera, L.
	Title	Characterization of North-Sea aerosols by individual particle analyses			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1988	Publication	Atmospheric environment : an international journal	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	22	Issue	11	Pages	2593-2602
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	On aerosol and rain water samples, collected in the Southern Bight of the North Sea, single particle analyses were performed using both laser microprobe mass analysis and electron-probe X-ray microanalysis in combination with an automated image analysis system. In the aerosols collected from an air mass that had travelled from the Atlantic Ocean along the coast of North France, pure seasalt constituted the most abundant particle type, while aluminosilicates (mostly spherical fly-ash particles) amounted to about 20% and mixed seasalt/aluminosilicate, carbonaceous particles, CaSO4 and spherical iron oxides contributed each 510 %. In air masses that had a longer residence time over the continent, spherical iron oxides, carbonaceous particles and ammonium sulfates together made up 70 % of the total particle load. Seasalt particles were nearly all enriched in sulfate or nitrate, but they were seen to be washed out efficiently after a rain shower. In rain water, some 40 % of the particles appeared to be spherical or irregularly shaped aluminosilicates, from fly-ash and dust dispersal, but more than 50 % consisted of SiO2. The high relative abundance of these particles in rain water may be the result of Al leaching from fly-ash, or of more efficient scavenging by rain droplets.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1988R523900028	Publication Date	2003-08-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1352-2310	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:113610			Serial	7632
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	Author	Komy, Z.; Roekens, E.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Analysis of rain water by differential-pulse stripping voltammetry in nitric acid medium			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1988	Publication	Analytica chimica acta	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	204	Issue		Pages	179-187
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Differential-pulse anodic stripping voltammetry is applied to determine cadmium, lead and copper in rain water acidified with nitric acid to pH 1.5, and zinc after partial neutralization to pH 4.5. Subsequently, cobalt and nickel are measured in the adsorptive mode after formation of their dimethylglyoximates. The effects of pH on the stripping peaks for Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu and of chloride on the stripping peak of copper are reported. Good agreement is found with d.p.s.v. determinations in hydrochloric acid medium and with a.a.s. measurements in most cases. Excellent accuracy is demonstrated; the average relative standard deviation per measurement appears to be between 12 and 22% for the overall analytical procedure for concentrations of 0.1550 μgl−1 of the various metals in the samples.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1988M945900016	Publication Date	2002-07-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-2670; 1873-4324	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116449			Serial	7450
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