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Cautaerts, N.; Delville, R.; Stergar, E.; Pakarinen, J.; Verwerft, M.; Yang, Y.; Hofer, C.; Schnitzer, R.; Lamm, S.; Felfer, P.; Schryvers, D. |
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Title |
The role of Ti and TiC nanoprecipitates in radiation resistant austenitic steel: A nanoscale study |
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A1 Journal article |
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Year  |
2020 |
Publication |
Acta Materialia |
Abbreviated Journal |
Acta Mater |
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Volume |
197 |
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184-197 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
This work encompasses an in-depth transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography study of Ti-stabilized austenitic steel irradiated with Fe-ions. The focus is on radiation induced segregation and precipitation, and in particular on how Ti and TiC affect these processes. A 15-15Ti steel (grade: DIN 1.4970) in two thermo-mechanical states (cold-worked and aged) was irradiated at different temperatures up to a dose of 40 dpa. At low irradiation temperatures, the cold-worked and aged materials evolved to a similar microstructure dominated by small Si and Ni clusters, corresponding to segregation to small point defect clusters. TiC precipitates, initially present in the aged material, were found to be unstable under these irradiation conditions. Elevated irradiation temperatures resulted in the nucleation of nanometer sized Cr enriched TiC precipitates surrounded by Si and Ni enriched shells. In addition, nanometer sized Ti- and Mn-enriched G-phase (M6Ni16Si7) precipitates formed, often attached to TiC precipitates. Post irradiation, larger number densities of TiC were observed in the cold-worked material compared to the aged material. This was correlated with a lower volume fraction of G-phase. The findings suggest that at elevated irradiation temperatures, the precipitate-matrix interface is an important point defect sink and contributes to the improved radiation resistance of this material. The study is a first of its kind on stabilized steel and demonstrates the significance of the small Ti addition to the evolution of the microstructure under irradiation. (C) 2020 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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000564767000001 |
Publication Date |
2020-07-10 |
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1359-6454 |
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UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
9.4 |
Times cited |
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Not_Open_Access |
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Notes |
; This work was supported by ENGIE [contract number 2015-AC-007 e BSUEZ6900]; the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07051D14517 as part of a Nuclear Science User Facilities experiment; and by the MYRRHA program at SCK-CEN, Belgium. Funding of the Austrian BMK (846933) in the framework of the program “Production of the future” and the “BMK Professorship for Industry” is gratefully acknowledged. We want to thank the staffat MIBL for assisting with the ion irradiations as well as the staffat CAES for assisting with FIB work and conducting APT measurements. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 9.4; 2020 IF: 5.301 |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:171956 |
Serial |
6626 |
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Author |
Cautaerts, N.; Lamm, S.; Stergar, E.; Pakarinen, J.; Yang, Y.; Hofer, C.; Schnitzer, R.; Felfer, P.; Verwerft, M.; Delville, R.; Schryvers, D. |
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Title |
Atom probe tomography data collection from DIN 1.4970 (15-15Ti) austenitic stainless steel irradiated with Fe ions |
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Dataset |
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2020 |
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Dataset; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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This dataset comprises a large collection of atom probe tomography datasets collected from DIN 1.4970 alloy that was irradiated with Fe ions at different conditions. The DIN 1.4970 alloy is an austenitic stainless steel with 15 wt% Cr, 15 wt% Ni, a small addition of Ti. The full composition and characterization of our material can be found published elsewhere [1,2]. Some of our material was subjected to ageing heat treatments at different temperatures for different times. Small samples of our original material and aged material was irradiated at the Michigan Ion Beam Laboratory in 2017 with 4.5 MeV Fe ions up to 40 dpa at an average dose rate of 2×10−4 dpa/s. This was done at three different temperatures: 300, 450, and 600 ºC. Atom probe samples were made of the irradiated layers (approximately 1.5 micron deep) with focused ion beam and mounted on Microtip coupons. APT measurements took place on three CAMECA LEAP-HR systems located at CAES in Idaho Falls, USA (files beginning with R33), at Montanuniversität Leoben in Leoben, Austria (R21) and at Friedrich–Alexander University in Erlangen, Germany (R56). |
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Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
UA @ admin @ c:irua:169127 |
Serial |
6454 |
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Cautaerts, N.; Delville, R.; Stergar, E.; Schryvers, D.; Verwerft, M. |
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Title |
Characterization of (Ti,Mo,Cr)C nanoprecipitates in an austenitic stainless steel on the atomic scale |
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A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Acta materialia |
Abbreviated Journal |
Acta Mater |
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164 |
Issue |
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Pages |
90-98 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Abstract |
Nanometer sized (Ti,Mo,Cr)C (MX-type) precipitates that grew in a 24% cold worked Ti-stabilized austenitic stainless steel (grade DIN 1.4970, member of the 15-15Ti austenitic stainless steels) after heat treatment were fully characterized with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), probe corrected high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HR-HAADF STEM), and atom probe tomography (APT). The precipitates shared the cube-on-cube orientation with the matrix and were facetted on {111} planes, yielding octahedral and elongated octahedral shapes. The misfit dislocations were believed to have Burgers vectors a/6<112> which was verified by geometrical phase analysis (GPA) strain mapping of a matrix-precipitate interface. The dislocations were spaced five to seven atomic
planes apart, on average slightly wider than expected for the lattice parameters of steel and TiC. Quantitative atom probe tomography analysis of the precipitates showed that precipitates were significantly enriched in Mo, Cr and V, and that they were hypostoichiometric with respect to C. These findings were consistent with a reduced lattice parameter. The precipitates were found primarily on Shockley
partial dislocations originating from the original perfect dislocation network. These novel findings could contribute to the understanding of how TiC nanoprecipitates interact with point defects and matrix dislocations. This is essential for the application of these Ti-stabilized steels in high temperature environments or fast spectrum nuclear fission reactors. |
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000456902800008 |
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2018-10-11 |
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1359-6454 |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
5.301 |
Times cited |
2 |
Open Access |
Not_Open_Access: Available from 12.10.2020
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Notes |
This work was supported by ENGIE [contract number 2015-AC- 007 e BSUEZ6900]; the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07- 051D14517 as part of a Nuclear Science User Facilities experiment; and by the MYRRHA program in development at SCKCEN, Belgium. Special thanks to Dr. H. Mezerji and Dr. T. Altantzis for the work on the FEI Titan microscope.We also want to thank Ms. J. Burns for the help on the FIB and Dr. Y. Wu at CAES for conducting the APT measurements. |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 5.301 |
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Call Number |
EMAT @ emat @c:irua:154873UA @ admin @ c:irua:154873 |
Serial |
5060 |
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Author |
Cautaerts, N.; Delville, R.; Stergar, E.; Schryvers, D.; Verwerft, M. |
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Title |
Tailoring the Ti-C nanoprecipitate population and microstructure of titanium stabilized austenitic steels |
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A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2018 |
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Journal of nuclear materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Nucl Mater |
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507 |
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507 |
Pages |
177-187 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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The present work reports on the microstructural evolution of a new heat of 24% cold worked austenitic DIN 1.4970 (15-15Ti) nuclear cladding steel subjected to ageing heat treatments of varying duration between 500 and 800 degrees C (by steps of 100 degrees C). The primary aim was studying the finely dispersed Ti-C nanoprecipitate population, which are thought to be beneficial for creep and swelling resistance during service. Their size distribution and number density were estimated through dark field imaging and bright field Moire imaging techniques in the transmission electron microscope. Nanoprecipitates formed at and above 600 degrees C, which is a lower temperature than previously reported. The observed nucleation, growth and coarsening behavior of the nanoprecipitates were consistent with simple diffusion arguments. The formation of nanoprecipitates coincided with significant dissociation of dislocations as evidenced by weak beam dark field imaging. Possible mechanisms, including Silcock's stacking fault growth model and Suzuki segregation, are discussed. Recrystallization observed after extended ageing at 800 degrees C caused the redissolution of nanoprecipitates. Large primary Ti(C,N) and (Ti,Mo)C precipitates that occur in the as-received material, and M23C6 precipitates that nucleate on grain boundaries at low temperatures were also characterized by a selective dissolution procedure involving filtration, X-ray diffraction and quantitative Rietveld refinement. The partitioning of key elements between the different phases was derived by combining these findings and was consistent with thermodynamic considerations and the processing history of the steel. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Amsterdam |
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000438019800021 |
Publication Date |
2018-04-30 |
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0022-3115 |
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UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
2.048 |
Times cited |
1 |
Open Access |
Not_Open_Access |
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Notes |
; We would like to acknowledge ENGIE, SCK.CEN, the SCK.CEN academy and the MYRRHA project for the financial support of this work. Special thanks to T. Wangle and P. Dries for their help with filtration and gravimetry. Also thanks to Dr. G. Leinders for the discussions on XRD and Rietveld refinement. Thanks to E. Charalampopoulou and A. Youssef for assisting with the dissolution experiments. ; |
Approved |
Most recent IF: 2.048 |
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Call Number |
UA @ lucian @ c:irua:152382 |
Serial |
5043 |
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Author |
Gong, X.; Marmy, P.; Volodin, A.; Amin-Ahmadi, B.; Qin, L.; Schryvers, D.; Gavrilov, S.; Stergar, E.; Verlinden, B.; Wevers, M.; Seefeldt, M. |
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Multiscale investigation of quasi-brittle fracture characteristics in a 9Cr–1Mo ferritic–martensitic steel embrittled by liquid lead–bismuth under low cycle fatigue |
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A1 Journal article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Corrosion science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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102 |
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102 |
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137-152 |
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Keywords |
A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT) |
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Liquid metal embrittlement (LME) induced quasi-brittle fracture characteristics of a 9Cr–1Mo ferritic–martensitic steel (T91) after fatigue cracking in lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) have been investigated at various length scales. The results show that the LME fracture morphology is primarily characterized by quasi-brittle translath flat regions partially covered by nanodimples, shallow secondary cracks propagating along the martensitic lath boundaries as well as tear ridges covered by micro dimples. These diverse LME fracture features likely indicate a LME mechanism involving multiple physical processes, such as weakening induced interatomic decohesion at the crack tip and plastic shearing induced nano/micro voiding in the plastic zone. |
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000367275700014 |
Publication Date |
2015-10-22 |
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ISSN |
0010938X |
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Additional Links |
UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles |
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Impact Factor |
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Times cited |
16 |
Open Access |
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Notes |
The work is financially supported by the MYRRHA project,SCK•CEN, Belgium and partly funded by the European AtomicEnergy Community’s (Euratom) Seventh Framework ProgrammeFP7/2007-2013 under grant agreement No. 604862 (MatISSEproject) and in the framework of the EERA (European EnergyResearch Alliance) Joint Programme on Nuclear Materials. Dr. TomVan der Donck (KU Leuven) is acknowledged for the EBSD mea-surements. The authors are grateful to Dr. Van Renterghem Wouter(SCK•CEN) for fruitful discussion of the TEM results. Xing Gongsincerely acknowledges valuable suggestions from Dr. S.P. Lynch(Defence Science and Technology Organisation and Monash Uni-versity, Melbourne, Australia). |
Approved |
Most recent IF: NA |
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Call Number |
c:irua:129997 |
Serial |
4013 |
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