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“Characterisation of individual aerosol particles for atmospheric and cultural heritage studies”. Van Grieken R, Gysels K, Hoornaert S, Joos P, Osán J, Szalóki I, Worobiec A, Water, air and soil pollution 123, 215 (2000). http://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005215304729
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1023/A:1005215304729
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“Characterisation of individual aerosol particles for atmospheric and cultural heritage studies”. Van Grieken R, Gysels K, Hoornaert S, Joos P, Osán J, Szalóki I, Worobiec A page 215 (2000).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Characterisation of individual atmospheric particles within the Royal Museum of the Wawel Castle in Cracow, Poland”. Worobiec A, Stefaniak EA, Kontozova V, Samek L, Karaszkiewicz P, van Meel K, Van Grieken R, e-Preservation Science 3, 63 (2006)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
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“Characterisation of individual suspension particles in the Ems estuary”. Bernard PC, Van Grieken RE, Eisma D, (1986)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Characterisation of particulate matter in the Royal Museum of Fine Arts, Antwerp, Belgium”. Gysels K, Deutsch F, Van Grieken R, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 36, 4103 (2002). http://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00229-7
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00229-7
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“Characterisation of soot emitted by domestic heating, aircraft and cars using diesel or biodiesel”. Smekens A, Godoi RHM, Berghmans P, Van Grieken R, Journal of atmospheric chemistry 52, 45 (2005). http://doi.org/10.1007/S10874-005-6903-7
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1007/S10874-005-6903-7
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“Characterisation of sugar cane combustion particles in the Araraquara region, Southeast Brazil”. Godoi RHM, Godoi AFL, Worobiec A, Andrade SJ, de Hoog J, Santiago-Silva MR, Van Grieken R, Microchimica acta 145, 53 (2004). http://doi.org/10.1007/S00604-003-0126-X
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1007/S00604-003-0126-X
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“Characterisation of wood combustion particles using electron probe microanalysis”. Osán J, Alföldy B, Török S, Van Grieken R, Atmospheric environment : an international journal 36, 2207 (2002). http://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00153-X
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00153-X
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“Characteristics of atomic absorption calibration curves with the transversely heated graphite furnace”. Bencs L, Szakács O, Szoboszlai N, Ajtony Z, Bozsai G, Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry 18, 105 (2003). http://doi.org/10.1039/B208198A
Abstract: Calibration curves with two quasi-linear sections ("double sloping'') were observed for the medium volatile elements, Cr and Cu, with the use of a SIMAA 6000 graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer under interrupted internal gas flow conditions. If a standard transversally heated graphite atomizer (THGA) tube was shortened by 0.5 mm at both of its ends, (i.e. the gaps were enlarged between graphite furnace housing and tube ends), a stronger declination of the calibration curves resulted. Elements with fairly high diffusion coefficients (>5.8 cm(2) s(-1)) and with short appearance time of their transients (<0.6 s), such as Cr and Cu, have shown the most characteristic sensitivity drop towards higher concentrations. This anomalous feature could be eliminated in three different ways; (1) by applying end-capped THGA tubes, (2) using mini-flow (50 cm(3) min(-1)) conditions during the atomization stage, and (3) by adding Pd-Mg chemical modifier. For the low volatile Mo and V, the calibration curves had no irregular shape. For Ag, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn and Ni, the mini-flow settings improved the linearity of the calibration curves and extended the upper limit of the linear calibration range by a factor of 1.5-2.0. The irregular characteristic of the analytical curves was interpreted as an increased vapour loss at higher analyte concentrations through the opened ends of the standard THGA tubes. This vapour loss was associated with the significantly diverse expulsion velocities of atoms, caused by the difference in temperature and concentration gradients, when evaporating amounts of analytes with more than one order of magnitude difference.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1039/B208198A
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“Characterization and removal of a disfiguring oxalate crust on a large altarpiece by Hans Memling”. Klaassen L, van der Snickt G, Legrand S, Higgitt C, Spring M, Vanmeert F, Rosi F, Brunetti BG, Postec M, Janssens K page 263 (2019).
Abstract: During the conservation treatment of Memling’s Christ with Singing and Music-making Angels, three panel paintings that are among the most monumental works in early Netherlandish art, the conservators came across insoluble surface layers containing calcium oxalates. A very thin and irregular layer of this type, hardly visible to the naked eye, was spread across the surface of all three panels. A much thicker layer forming an opaque and highly disfiguring crust that obscured the composition (Figs. 15.1 and 15.7) was locally present on areas of dark copper-containing paint, where multiple layers of old discolored coatings and accretions remained in place before the most recent cleaning. This article describes the application of a wide range of analytical techniques in order to fully understand the stratigraphy and composition of the crusts on the Memling paintings. FTIR spectroscopy in transmission and reflection mode, micro-ATR-FTIR imaging and macro-rFTIR scanning, SEM-EDX, mobile XRD, and SR-μXRD showed that the crusts contained two related Ca-based oxalate salts, whewellite and weddellite, and were separated from the original paint surface by varnish, indicating that they did not originate from degradation of the original paint but from a combination of microbial action and a thick accumulation of dirt. Supported by the results from these different analytical techniques, which when used together proved to be very effective in providing complementary information that addressed this specific conservation problem, and aided by the presence of the intermediate varnish layer(s), the conservators were able to remove most of the crusts with spectacular results.
Keywords: H1 Book chapter; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90617-1_15
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“Characterization of 18th century Portuguese glass from Real Fábrica de Vidros de Coina”. Lopes F, Lima A, Pires de Matos A, Custódio J, Cagno S, Schalm O, Janssens K, Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 14, 137 (2017). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.JASREP.2017.05.020
Abstract: This work reports the first systematic chemical characterization of Portuguese 18th century glassware. 28 selected glass fragments, recovered from an archaeological excavation carried out in the site where King D. João V of Portugal established an important glass manufacture, Real Fábrica de Vidros de Coina (Coina Royal Glass Factory), were studied. This factory operated from 1719 until 1747, the year in which the factory was transferred to Marinha Grande. The fragments were analysed by micro-energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (micro-EDXRF), using a portable spectrometer ArtTAX, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX). The analytical data showed that a large variety of glass types was manufactured in that factory, namely soda-lime glass, mixed-alkali glass, high lime-low alkali glass, potash glass and lead glass. In general, the composition of the glass varies according to the function of the objects. It was demonstrated that micro-EDXRF can be an important tool to characterize museum glass objects when only in situ non-invasive analytical methods are allowed.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
Times cited: 3
DOI: 10.1016/J.JASREP.2017.05.020
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“Characterization of a 2,2'-diaminodiethylamine-cellulose filter toward metal cation extraction”. Smits JA, Van Grieken RE, Analytical chemistry 52, 1479 (1980). http://doi.org/10.1021/AC50059A022
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1021/AC50059A022
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“Characterization of a degraded cadmium yellow (CdS) pigment in an oil painting by means of synchrotron radiation based X-ray techniques”. van der Snickt G, Dik J, Cotte M, Janssens K, Jaroszewicz J, de Nolf W, Groenewegen J, van der Loeff L, Analytical chemistry 81, 2600 (2009). http://doi.org/10.1021/AC802518Z
Abstract: On several paintings of James Ensor (1860−1949), a gradual fading of originally bright yellow areas, painted with the pigment cadmium yellow (CdS), is observed. Additionally, in some areas exposed to light, the formation of small white-colored globules on top of the original paint surface is observed. In this paper the chemical transformation leading to the color change and to the formation of the globules is elucidated. Microscopic X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (ì-XANES) experiments show that sulfur, originally present in sulfidic form (S2−), is oxidized during the transformation to the sulfate form (S6+). Upon formation (at or immediately below the surface), the highly soluble cadmium sulfate is assumed to be transported to the surface in solution and reprecipitates there, forming the whitish globules. The presence of cadmium sulfate (CdSO4·2H2O) and ammonium cadmium sulfate [(NH4)2Cd(SO4)2] at the surface is confirmed by microscopic X-ray diffraction measurements, where the latter salt is suspected to result from a secondary reaction of cadmium sulfate with ammonia. Measurements performed on cross sections reveal that the oxidation front has penetrated into the yellow paint down to ca. 1−2 ìm. The morphology and elemental distribution of the paint and degradation product were examined by means of scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy-dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS) and synchrotron radiation based micro-X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (SR ì-XRF). In addition, ultraviolet-induced visible fluorescence photography (UIVFP) revealed itself to be a straightforward technique for documenting the occurrence of this specific kind of degradation on a macroscale by painting conservators.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Impact Factor: 6.32
Times cited: 91
DOI: 10.1021/AC802518Z
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“Characterization of a polycapillary lens for use in micro-XANES experiments”. Proost K, Vincze L, Janssens K, Gao N, Bulska E, Schreiner M, Falkenberg G, X-ray spectrometry 32, 215 (2003). http://doi.org/10.1002/XRS.635
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Impact Factor: 1.298
Times cited: 50
DOI: 10.1002/XRS.635
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“Characterization of aerosol particles at Seoul, Korea, using ultrathin window EPMA”. Oh K-Y, Ro C-U, Kim HK, Van Grieken R, (2000)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Characterization of aerosol particles collected at Kosan and 1100 Hill sites, Cheju Island, Korea, using ultrathin window EPMA”. Oh K-Y, Ro C-U, Kim HK, Kim Y-P, Van Grieken R, (2000)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Characterization of aerosol-associated lead by DPASV and LAMMA”. Wonders JHAM, Houweling S, de Bont FAJ, van Leeuwen HP, Eeckhaoudt SM, Van Grieken R, International journal of environmental analytical chemistry 56, 193 (1994). http://doi.org/10.1080/03067319408034100
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1080/03067319408034100
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“Characterization of air particulate matter by X-ray, Raman and mass spectrometric techniques”. Van Grieken R, Adams F page 57 (1986).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Characterization of air pollutants observed in three European cathedrals: is the protective glazing really effective?”.Kontozova V, Godoi RHM, Spolnik Z, Worobiec A, Deutsch F, Van Grieken R, Rivista della Stazione sperimentale del vetro 3, 13 (2005)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP)
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“Characterization of airborne particulate matter collected over the North Sea”. Rojas CM, Otten PM, Van Grieken RE, Journal of aerosol science 20, 1257 (1989). http://doi.org/10.1016/0021-8502(89)90811-2
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/0021-8502(89)90811-2
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“Characterization of Asian dust using ultrathin window EPMA”. Ro C-U, Oh K-Y, Kim HK, Chun Y, Van Grieken R, (1999)
Keywords: P3 Proceeding; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Characterization of atmospheric aerosol particles over Lake Balaton, Hungary, using X-ray emission methods”. Osán J, Alföldy B, Kurunczi S, Török S, Bozó, L, Worobiec A, Injuk J, Van Grieken R, Idöjárás: quarterly journal of the Hungarian Meteorological Service 105, 145 (2001)
Keywords: A3 Journal article; Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Characterization of black volcanites from the Limay river basin, Patagonia, Argentina, using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry : an aid to infer human group mobility”. Palacios OM, van Meel K, Van Grieken R, Marcó, P L-M, Vázquez C, Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 298, 1245 (2013). http://doi.org/10.1007/S10967-013-2600-1
Abstract: The investigation of hunter-gatherers archaeological sites in the Limay river basin, Patagonia, Argentina, raised questions concerning the lithic technology. The chemical characterization of artifacts, rocks and possible sources of provenances could help to elucidate the hunter-gatherer mobility. In three archaeological sitesRincón Chico 2 (RCh2/87; 14C 710 ± 60 BP), Cueva Traful I (CTI; 14C 9430 ± 230 BP) and Casa de Piedra de Ortega (CPO; 14C 2840 ± 80 BP), tools and debitage or discarded flakes made in black volcanic rock have been found. Nearby an extensive rock outcrop of black volcanite, Paso Limay quarry (CPL), with similar characteristics was located. Samples coming from these four sites were analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. This characterization allowed the geochemical classification of the lithic material and to correlate the samples with the suspected source after a previous statistical analysis. The majority of the samples were classified as dacites and rhyolites. Only samples coming from CPO site, the closest place to CPL were made exclusively with the quarry rocks. A set of five samples from RCh2/87 and two samples from CTI appear to have same chemical composition as CPL in spite of this site is placed in the opposite bank of the Limay river suggesting that hunter-gatherers could accede to the quarry, eventually. Finally, only a set of five samples coming from RCh2/87 and CTI do not group with the quarry. This fact evidences the existence of secondary sources of supply. The information of this research allowed inferring ancient human mobility patterns in the region.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1007/S10967-013-2600-1
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“Characterization of carcinogenic Ni-rich dust particles by scanning micro-XRF/XRD at BL L”. de Nolf W, Janssens K, Rickers K (2005).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Characterization of colloidal and particulate matter transported by the Magela Creek system, Northern Australia”. Hart BT, Douglas GB, Beckett R, van Put A, Van Grieken R, Hydrological processes 7, 105 (1993)
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Characterization of epicuticular wax structures on leaves of urban plant species and its association with leaf wettability”. Muhammad S, Wuyts K, Nuyts G, De Wael K, Samson R, Urban Forestry &, Urban Greening 47, 126557 (2020). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.UFUG.2019.126557
Abstract: Epicuticular wax (EW) protects the plant’s integrity and acts as a barrier against biotic and abiotic stresses. The micro-structured three-dimensional EW’s and presence of leaf trichomes influence the wettability of a leaf surface. In this study, leaves of 96 perennial urban plant species were examined to determine an association between epicuticular wax structure (EWS) types and leaf wettability and investigate their seasonal variation. The EWS types were identified using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), while leaf wettability was analyzed by measuring the drop contact angle (DCA) on both the abaxial and the adaxial sides of leaves collected from a common garden in June and September 2016. Four distinct EWS types namely thin film, platelets, crusts, and tubules were observed on leaves of investigated plant species in both June and September. The EWS types varied significantly between functional plant types and plant families in both June and September. In June, the abaxial DCA ranged from 56° to 147°, and the adaxial DCA ranged from 56° to 136°. In September, the abaxial DCA ranged from 54° to 130°, and the adaxial DCA ranged from 51° to 125°. The effect of time, leaf side, and EWS type on leaf wettability were significant. Plant species which showed a change in EWS type or clustering from June to September did not show a more pronounced reduction in DCA compared to those species which exhibited a constant EWS type. Findings from our study illustrate that DCA is not a good indicator in determining the different EWS types due to overlapping DCA intervals between the identified EWS types. However, the identified EWS types remained fairly stable throughout the in-leaf season and do not require repeated measurements for characterization.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
Impact Factor: 6.4
Times cited: 5
DOI: 10.1016/J.UFUG.2019.126557
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“Characterization of gas concrete materials used in buildings of Turkey”. Damla N, Čevik U, Kobya AI, Celik A, Van Grieken R, Kobya Y, Journal of hazardous materials 168, 681 (2009). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHAZMAT.2009.02.092
Abstract: The activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in gas concrete samples collected from different suppliers and some provinces in Turkey were measured using gamma-ray spectrometry. Knowledge of radioactivity in gas concrete used in building materials enables one to assess any possible radiological risks to human health. The mean activity concentrations observed in the gas concrete samples were 82.0, 28.2 and 383.9 Bq kg−1 for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. The radium equivalent activity, external and internal hazard indices as well as terrestrial absorbed dose and annual effective dose rate was calculated. The results indicate that the radium equivalent activity values of gas concrete samples are lower than the limit of 370 Bq kg−1, equivalent to a gamma-dose of 1.5 mSv y−1. Moreover, mass attenuation coefficients were measured in some gas concrete samples. It was found that the mass attenuation coefficients decreased with increasing photon energies. Also, chemical compositions and structural analysis (XRD and SEM) of the gas concrete samples were investigated.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.JHAZMAT.2009.02.092
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“Characterization of impact materials around Barringer meteor crater by micro-PIXE nd micro-SRXRF techniques”. Uzonyi I, Szöör G, Rozsa P, Vekemans B, Vincze L, Adams F, Drakopoulos M, Somogyi A, Kiss ÁZ, Nuclear instruments and methods in physics research: B: beam interactions with materials and atoms 219/220, 555 (2004). http://doi.org/10.1016/J.NIMB.2004.01.119
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1016/J.NIMB.2004.01.119
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“Characterization of individual environmental particles by beam techniques”. Xhoffer C, Wouters L, Artaxo P, van Put A, Van Grieken R page 107 (1992).
Keywords: H3 Book chapter; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
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“Characterization of individual estuarine and marine particles by LAMMA and EPXMA”. Wouters L, Bernard P, Van Grieken R, International journal of environmental analytical chemistry 34, 17 (1988). http://doi.org/10.1080/03067318808029918
Abstract: Laser microprobe mass analysis (LAMMA) was applied to particulate matter from the Atlantic Ocean. Inferring information about the surface layer by LAMMA was not probe X-ray microanalysis (EPXMA). Geochemically relevant groups of particles had been identified by EPXMA and cluster analysis. For both locations, the most abundant ones appeared to be those rich in silicon and the alumino-silicates. Afterwards LAMMA was applied to obtain more information about the trace element composition and surface characteristics. The iron-rich phase appeared to contain significant amounts of heavy metals and of phosphate. Lead appeared to be associated in detectable amounts with alumino-silicates in the Scheldt but not with those in the Atlantic Ocean. Inferring information about the surface layer by LAMMA was not always unambiguous.
Keywords: A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
DOI: 10.1080/03067318808029918
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