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	Author	Arana, A.; Loureiro, A.L.; Barbosa, H.M.J.; Van Grieken, R.; Artaxo, P.
	Title	Optimized energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis of atmospheric aerosols collected at pristine and perturbed Amazon Basin sites			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2014	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	43	Issue	4	Pages	228-237
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Elemental composition of aerosols is important to source apportionment studies and to understand atmospheric processes that influence aerosol composition. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy was applied for measuring the elemental composition of Amazonian atmospheric aerosols. The instrument used was a spectrometer Epsilon 5, PANalytical B. V., with tridimensional geometry that reduces the background signal with a polarized X-ray detection. The measurement conditions were optimized for low-Z elements, e. g. Mg, Al, Si, that are present at very low concentrations in the Amazon. From Na to K, our detection limits are about 50% to 75% lower than previously published results for similar instrument. Calibration was performed using Micromatter standards, except for P whose standard was produced by nebulization of an aqueous solution of KH2PO4 at our laboratory. The multi-element reference material National Institute of Standards and Technology-2783 (air particulate filter) was used for evaluating the accuracy of the calibration procedure of the 22 elements in our standard analysis routine, and the uncertainty associated with calibration procedures was evaluated. The overall performance of the instrument and validation of our measurements were assessed by comparison with results obtained from parallel analysis using particle-induced X-ray emission and another Epsilon 5 spectrometer. The elemental composition in 660 samples collected at a pristine site in the Amazon Basin and of 1416 samples collected at a site perturbed by land use change was determined. Our measurements show trace elements associated with biogenic aerosols, soil dust, biomass burning, and sea-salt, even for the very low concentrations as observed in Amazonia. Copyright (C) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000337724600006	Publication Date	2014-06-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:118419			Serial	8342
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Samek, L.; Injuk, J.; van Espen, P.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Performance of a new compact EDXRF spectrometer for aerosol analysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2002	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	31	Issue		Pages	84-86
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000173653400015	Publication Date	2002-10-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:36383			Serial	8371
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Claes, M.; de Bokx, P.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Progress in laboratory grazing emission X-ray fluorescence spectrometry			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1999	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	28	Issue		Pages	224-229
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000081693400004	Publication Date	2005-12-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:24715			Serial	8423
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Markowicz, A.; Van Dyck, P.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Radiometric diameter concept and exact intensities for spherical particles in x-ray fluorescence analysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1980	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	9	Issue	2	Pages	52-56
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	In X-ray fluorescence analysis the concept of radiometric diameter, d, is often introduced in considerations of the fluorescent intensity from a particulate sample. It represents the mean geometric path of the X-rays through one particle and is usually simply taken to be equal to the volume-to-area ratio of the particle. The effective radiometric path is, however, itself dependent on geometry and absorption effects. Rigorous calculations of the fluorescent intensity from a particle in the π and π/2 geometries were carried out to evaluate the errors involved. It appears that, for π geometry, the discrepancy between these exact results and the intensity calculated via the use of d does not exceed 5.2%. For the π/2 geometry, the errors are much larger and can amount to 50% in realistic cases of X-ray fluorescence analysis. These conclusions are also applicable to monolayers. The effective radiometric diameter approaches d only when absorption effects become negligible, but is smaller in other cases.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1980JN16500003	Publication Date	2005-05-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116482			Serial	8451
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Worobiec, A.; Kaplinski, A.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Ruthenium staining as an alternative preparation method for automated EPMA of individual biogenic and organic particles			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2005	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	34	Issue	3	Pages	245-252
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000229093000014	Publication Date	2005-01-31
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:52229			Serial	8488
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Markowicz, A.; Storms, H.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	A simple absorption correction for electron probe X-ray microanalysis of bulk samples			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1986	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	15	Issue	2	Pages	115-119
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	A simple procedure is proposed for the calculation of the absorption correction factor in electron-probe x-ray microanalysis. It is based on the concept of an effective depth of x-ray production, assuming a rectangular depth distribution function for x-ray generation. This effective x-ray production depth is expressed as a fraction of the x-ray excitation depth given by Whelan's expression. Adequate values for this fraction are presented. Two versions are considered. In the first the effective x-ray production is a function of both the characteristic x-ray energy and the atomic numbers of the matrix elements, whereas in the second one, which is indicated for routine use, the energy dependence is neglected. Calculations pointed to satisfactory results, even for low x-ray energies and high overvoltages.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1986C017300007	Publication Date	2005-05-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:113872			Serial	8524
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Samek, L.; Ostachowicz, B.; Worobiec, A.; Spolnik, Z.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Speciation of selected metals in aerosol samples by TXRF after sequential leaching			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2006	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	35	Issue	4	Pages	226-231
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000239321500004	Publication Date	2006-06-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:58901			Serial	8572
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Trincavelli, J.; Montoro, S.; van Espen, P.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	M\alpha/L\alpha intensity ratios for Ta, W, Pt, Au, Pb and Bi for electron energies in the 11-40 keV range			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1993	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	22	Issue		Pages	372-376
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
	Abstract	Both energy- and wavelength-dispersive systems were used to obtain Malpha/Lalpha intensity ratios for Ta, W, Pt, Au, Pb and Bi at various overvoltages. A table of these ratios corrected for matrix absorption and detector efficiency is presented, in addition to an interpolatory function of Malpha/Lalpha generated ratios vs. overvoltage, for each element. In addition, three different ZAF correction models were used to predict both detected and generated ratios. Finally, experimental Mbeta/Malpha ratios measured at different overvoltages are presented for the six elements considered.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1993MB01200008	Publication Date	2005-05-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:6221			Serial	8649
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Muia, L.M.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Theoretical evaluation of the effective alpha and De Jongh approaches in X-ray fluorescence analysis of geological materials in borax glass beads			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1989	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	18	Issue	6	Pages	259-262
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	An evaluation of the accuracy and suitability of the LachanceTraill algorithm using effective α-coefficients, and the De Jongh α approach for x-ray fluorescence analysis of borax glass beads prepared from geological material was performed. By using theoretical α-coefficients obtained from the same standard and calculated elemental intensities, the two algorithms were compared under identical conditions. When only the monitor standard is used, the LachanceTrail1 approach is found to be inferior to the De Jongh basic α method. If multi-standard calibration is performed for both approaches, the accuracies are almost identical and no significant difference is found in the results. The LachanceTraill algorithm has the advantage of being easier to implement on a minicomputer and, when used without standards, it is found to give results within a few percent of the true values, which is a useful indicator in the choice of appropriate standards for more accurate analytical work.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1989CE70800002	Publication Date	2005-05-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116490			Serial	8660
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Sauter, L.; Van der Ben, D.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Trace analysis of estuarine brown algae by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1979	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	8	Issue	4	Pages	159-163
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Brown algae, which are good indicators for estuarine metal pollution, can advantageously be analysed by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence. The use of thin film samples and samples of intermediate thickness has several advantages over the conventional thick pellet procedure. A quite homogeneous thin target is prepared by suspending 15 mg of dried and ground seaweed powder in bi-distilled water and evaporating the slurry on a 10 cm2 Mylar foil held in a Teflon ring. The effective sample weight in the beam is calculated by a procedure based on the scatter peaks in the spectrum. Sensitivities are typically in the 215 ppm range. The coefficient of variation per analysis averaged over ten elements amounts to 10%. The natural concentration variation in seaweed specimens at one location is 13%. Samples from locations in the more polluted western Scheldt estuary yield significantly higher values for several elements, relative to the eastern Scheldt sites. Possible trace element variations between the top and base of plants, and between different seaweed specimens and sampling seasons, are discussed.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1979JC63700003	Publication Date	2005-05-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116481			Serial	8687
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Muia, L.M.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Use of theoretical accurate binary influence coefficients with Tertian's equation in X-ray fluorescence analysis of silicate rocks in borax glass beads			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1990	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	19	Issue	3	Pages	141-144
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	A study of the suitability of the Tertian algorithm using new accurate binary influence coefficients and a comparison standard for x-ray fluorescence analysis of geological materials prepared as borax glass beads was performed. The algorithm was found to give satisfactory results for the analysis of four major components in geological materials. Even in the worst case, when there is a factor of 20 difference in the concentration in the specimen and a comparison standard, the algorithm gives results which differ from the true results by a factor of about 2. This makes the algorithm attractive as a diagnostic tool in analyses of unknown specimens and in the identification of appropriate standards. The binary coefficients are easily calculated so that the algorithm can be implemented on a minicomputer.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1990DJ47800009	Publication Date	2005-05-28
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116492			Serial	8725
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Amato, S.R.; Burnstock, A.; Cross, M.; Janssens, K.; Rosi, F.; Cartechini, L.; Fontana, R.; Dal Fovo, A.; Paolantoni, M.; Grazia, C.; Romani, A.; Michelin, A.; Andraud, C.; Tournie, A.; Dik, J.
	Title	Interpreting technical evidence from spectral imaging of paintings by Edouard Manet in the Courtauld Gallery			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	X-ray spectrometry T2 – MA-XRF Workshop on Developments and Applications of Macro-XRF in, Conservation, Art, and Archeology, SEP 24-25, 2017, Trieste, ITALY	Abbreviated Journal	X-Ray Spectrom
	Volume	48	Issue	4	Pages	282-292
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The paintings by edouard Manet in The Courtauld Gallery Dejeuner sur l'herbe (1863-68), Marguerite de Conflans en Toilette de Bal (1870-1880), Banks of the Seine at Argenteuil (1874), and A Bar at the Folies-Bergere (1882) were investigated for the first time using a range of non-invasive in situ analyses. The aims of the study were to investigate the painting techniques and materials used for this group of works and to critically evaluate the technical evidence derived from the integrated use of imaging techniques and portable spectroscopic methods in this context. The paintings were investigated by means of macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF), reflection spectral imaging, portable UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy, portable Raman spectroscopy, and reflection FTIR. MA-XRF and reflection spectral imaging allowed visualising elements in the compositions that were not visible using traditional methods of technical study. For example, MA-XRF analysis of Dejeuner sur l'herbe revealed elements of the development of the composition that provided new evidence to consider its relationship to other versions of the composition. The study also highlighted questions about the interpretation of elemental distribution maps and spectral images that did not correspond to the reworking visible in X-radiographs. For example, in A Bar at the Folies-Bergere Manet made numerous changes during painting, which were not clearly visualised with any of the techniques used. The research has wider implications for the study of Impressionist paintings, as the results will support technical studies of works by other artists of the period who used similar materials and painting methods.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000472210700005	Publication Date	2018-01-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.298	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	; Financial support by the Access to Research Infrastructures activity in the Horizon 2020 Programme of the EU (IPERION CH Grant agreement 654028) is gratefully acknowledged. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.298
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:161296			Serial	5670
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Cabal, A.; Legrand, S.; Van den Bril, B.; Tote, K.; Janssens, K.; van Espen, P.
	Title	Study of the uniformity of aerosol filters by scanning MA-XRF			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	X-ray spectrometry T2 – 17th European Conference on X-Ray Spectrometry (EXRS), JUN 19-24, 2016, Univ Gothenburg, Univ Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SWEDEN	Abbreviated Journal	X-Ray Spectrom
	Volume	46	Issue	5	Pages	461-466
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is an attractive analytical method to determine the level of air pollution by heavy metals. The concentration of the filter in ng/cm(2) is obtained by direct comparison of the net characteristic line intensity of an element with that of a thin film standard. As the sampled area on the filter and the area of the standard are larger than the area analysed by the instrument, the distribution of the elements on the surface of both samples and standards have to be sufficiently uniform. If this is not the case, biased concentration estimates are obtained. Two scanning macro-XRF setups with a beam diameter of similar to 0.5 mm were used to investigate the distribution of elements in (1) commercially available (Micromatter) standards, (2) in-house quartz filter standards obtained with an aerosol generator and (3) particulatematter (PM10) collected on quartz filters by a Leckel SEQ 47/50 sampler. The uniformity of the Micromatter standards was better than 2%. At least some in-house standards showed a concave distribution with less material at the edges. The maximum bias introduced by this is less than 5%. Because of the limited sensitivity of scanning XRF compared with conventional XRF, the distribution of only a few common elements like Ca and Fe could be determined reliably in aerosol filters. The distribution of some heavy elements could only be measured in filters sampled in polluted regions. In general, the loading of particulate matter over the filters was uniform. Copyright (C) 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000409246400026	Publication Date	2017-03-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.298	Times cited	4	Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.298
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:145644			Serial	5852
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Van Alsenoy, W.; Bernard, P.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Zware metalen in Noordzee- en Schelde-sedimenten			Type	A3 Journal article
	Year	1990	Publication	Wtare	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	5	Issue		Pages	113-121
	Keywords	A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116829			Serial	8787
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jacobs, W.; Dubois, D.; Floren, E.; Aerts, D.; Goris, J.; Buczyńska, A.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Benzene concentrations on board chemical tankers			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2011	Publication	WMU journal of maritime affairs	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	10	Issue	1	Pages	117-126
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Maritime transport of benzene is regulated by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO). Two important guidelines for a ships crew in this matter are IMO circulars 1095 and 1220. The first one describes the minimum safety standards for ships carrying liquids in bulk containing benzene while circular 1220 deals with structural guidelines for new ships carrying liquids in bulk containing benzene, but also technical developments could help in improving safety and health protection on board chemical tankers carrying benzene in bulk. The aim of the present paper is to determine the benzene concentration in the working and living environment on board a modern chemical tanker carrying benzene in bulk, where all safety, technical and operational procedures described by IMO in the above-mentioned circulars are followed. During specific cargo operations, we measured the benzene concentrations on different locations on board by means of Radiello® passive diffusive samplers. Despite all measures taken, we found an important difference in benzene concentration between operations with a benzene cargo compared to operations without benzene on board, as well as inside and outside the accommodation. Moreover, even during discharge operations, where the emission is theoretically zero, we found an important increase in the benzene concentration. In addition, we found less favourable results for the engine room.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2010-11-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1651-436x; 1654-1642	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:89551			Serial	7555
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Godoi, A.F.L.; Sawada, E.Y.; de Marchi, M.R.R.; Van Grieken, R.; Godoi, R.H.M.
	Title	Determination of BTEX by GCMS in air of offset printing plants: comparison between conventional and ecological inks			Type	A3 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Water, air, and soil pollution : focus	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	9	Issue	3/4	Pages	163-169
	Keywords	A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The use of inks containing organic solvents by the offset printing process implies in the release of volatile organic compounds to the work environment. Many of these compounds such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the xylene isomers (well known by the acronym BTEX) are extremely toxic. In this study, the BTEX concentrations were determined in two different printing plants that use distinct types of inks: the conventional and the so-called ecological, which is manufactured based on vegetal oil. Concentration ranges were 4384, 153,480, 2133, 5459, and 2236 μg m−3 for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m + p-xylene, and o-xylene, respectively, for the conventional printing plant. At the ecological printing plant, concentration ranges were below limit of detection (<LD)-31, <LD-618, <LD-1,690, <LD-10,500, <LD-3,360 μg m−3 for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m + p-xylene, and o-xylene, respectively. BTEX concentrations are lower at the ecological printing environment than in the conventional, where mineral oil-based inks are used. However, the worker who cleans the printing matrices is exposed to high concentrations of ethylbenzene and xylenes, due probably to the cleaning products composition (containing high amounts of BTEX). Although the BTEX concentrations found in both printing work environments were below the limits considered by the Brazilian Law for Activities and Unhealthy Operations (NR-15), the exposure to such vapors characterizes risk to the workers health for some of the evaluated samples, mainly the personal ones.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2009-09-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1567-7230	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:80493			Serial	7775
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Godoi, R.H.M.; Avigo, D.; Campos, V.D.; Tavares, T.M.; de Marchi, M.R.R.; Van Grieken, R.; Godoi, A.F.L.
	Title	Indoor air quality assessment of elementary schools in Curitiba, Brazil			Type	A3 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Water, air, and soil pollution : focus	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	9	Issue	3/4	Pages	171-177
	Keywords	A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The promotion of good indoor air quality in schools is of particular public concern for two main reasons: (1) school-age children spend at least 30% of their time inside classrooms and (2) indoor air quality in urban areas is substantially influenced by the outdoor pollutants, exposing tenants to potentially toxic substances. Two schools in Curitiba, Brazil, were selected to characterize the gaseous compounds indoor and outdoor of the classrooms. The concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the isomers xylenes (BTEX); NO2; SO2; O3; acetic acid (HAc); and formic acid (HFor) were assessed using passive diffusion tubes. BTEX were analyzed by gas chromatographyion trap mass spectrometry and other collected gasses by ion chromatography. The concentration of NO2 varied between 9.5 and 23 µg m−3, whereas SO2 showed an interval from 0.1 to 4.8 µg m−3. Within the schools, BTEX concentrations were predominant. Formic and acetic acids inside the classrooms revealed intermediate concentrations of 1.5 µg m−3 and 1.2 µg m−3, respectively.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2009-09-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1567-7230	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:80494			Serial	8081
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Van Grieken, R.; Gysels, K.; Hoornaert, S.; Joos, P.; Osán, J.; Szalóki, I.; Worobiec, A.
	Title	Characterisation of individual aerosol particles for atmospheric and cultural heritage studies			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2000	Publication	Water, air and soil pollution	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	123	Issue		Pages	215-228
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics (LEMP); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000089881000020	Publication Date	2002-12-21
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-6979; 1573-2932	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:31675			Serial	7596
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	Author	Roekens, E.; Komy, Z.; Leysen, L.; Veny, P.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Chemistry of precipitation near a limestone building			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1988	Publication	Water, air and soil pollution	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	38	Issue	3/4	Pages	273-282
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	A total of 82 samples of wet and total deposition were sampled near the limestone cathedral at Mechelen, Belgium, which is presently being affected seriously by air pollution, and at a reference site. Most of these samples were analyzed for 10 major and 7 trace ions in solution and for 15 elements in suspension. It appeared that calcite, released from the building, effectively neutralizes the rainwater in the near vicinity and produces high Ca and bicarbonate concentrations. Heavy metal concentrations are hardly affected by the building.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date	2014-08-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-6979; 1573-2932	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116806			Serial	7663
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	Author	Delalieux, F.; Cardell-Fernandez, C.; Torfs, K.; Vleugels, G.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Damage functions and mechanism equations derived from limestone weathering in field exposure			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2002	Publication	Water, air and soil pollution	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	139	Issue		Pages	75-94
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000176098500006	Publication Date	2002-12-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-6979; 1573-2932	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:39518			Serial	7752
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Rojas, C.M.; Van Grieken, R.; Maenhaut, W.
	Title	Elemental composition of aircraft-sampled aerosols above the Southern Bight of the North Sea			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1993	Publication	Water, air and soil pollution	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	71	Issue		Pages	391-404
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1993MT74000011	Publication Date	2004-11-15
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-6979; 1573-2932	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:6263			Serial	7888
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	Author	Nguyen, H.L.; Braun, M.; Szaloki, I.; Baeyens, W.; Van Grieken, R.; Leermakers, M.
	Title	Tracing the metal pollution history of the Tisza River through the analysis of a sediment depth profile			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Water, air and soil pollution	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	200	Issue		Pages	119-132
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The vertical profiles of 20 major and trace metals were investigated along a 180-cm-long sediment core, which was sampled at Kiss-Janosne-Holt Tisza, an oxbow lake located in the upper part of the Tisza River in Hungary. The vertical profiles showed sharp peaks at different depths, reflecting historical pollution events and unusual changes of river water characteristics. Five different groups of metals, containing metals which were strongly correlated and showing a similar behaviour, could be distinguished by factor analysis. Six areas, with variable degrees and types of contamination, were classified in the sediment core with cluster analysis. The most polluted sections were found in the upper 50-cm part (significantly contaminated by Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and Hg) and the deeper 100120-cm part (characterised by high concentrations of metals associated with mining activities, such as Fe and Mn, as well as Cu, Zn and Pb). In recent years, important pollution events, such as the one which took place in March of 2000, were the reason for pollution of the upper sediment layers, whereas mining activities during the last century were responsible for the pollution of the deeper core sections.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000266487700012	Publication Date	2008-10-29
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-6979; 1573-2932	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:77257			Serial	8695
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Roekens, E.J.; Van Grieken, R.E.
	Title	Effects of titanium dioxide industry waste dumping on sea water chemistry			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1983	Publication	Water research	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	17	Issue	10	Pages	1385-1392
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	An investigation was made to determine the influence of the dumping of a 1000 ton day−1, on the average, of acid-iron waste from the titanium dioxide industry into the shallow but turbulent Southern Bight of the North Sea. This waste contains some 20% sulfuric acid and 2% iron. After the passage of the barge that discharges 10 ton of waste min−1 into its wake, the vertical and horizontal distributions of the pH, iron-concentration and turbidity were measured as a function of time. It appeared that a few seconds after the discharge and for a very brief period, the pH was down to approx. 4 and the Fe-concentration was 13 mg l−1. More than 1 min after the discharge a pH below 6 and an iron-level above 3 mg l−1 could not be detected anywhere. The measured factor for waste dilution by sea water, based on the observed acid and iron concentration in the waste and in the discharge track, were around 5000 after 5 min, 9000 after 10 min and 80,000 after 20 min. Before and long after the dumping, the total iron-concentration in this Southern Bight area was around 100 μg l−1, but this high level might be due to natural causes.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1983RJ42300025	Publication Date	2003-08-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0043-1354; 1879-2448	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:116690			Serial	7850
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Muhammad, S.; Wuyts, K.; Nuyts, G.; De Wael, K.; Samson, R.
	Title	Characterization of epicuticular wax structures on leaves of urban plant species and its association with leaf wettability			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Urban Forestry & Urban Greening	Abbreviated Journal	Urban For Urban Gree
	Volume	47	Issue	47	Pages	126557
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Epicuticular wax (EW) protects the plant’s integrity and acts as a barrier against biotic and abiotic stresses. The micro-structured three-dimensional EW’s and presence of leaf trichomes influence the wettability of a leaf surface. In this study, leaves of 96 perennial urban plant species were examined to determine an association between epicuticular wax structure (EWS) types and leaf wettability and investigate their seasonal variation. The EWS types were identified using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), while leaf wettability was analyzed by measuring the drop contact angle (DCA) on both the abaxial and the adaxial sides of leaves collected from a common garden in June and September 2016. Four distinct EWS types namely thin film, platelets, crusts, and tubules were observed on leaves of investigated plant species in both June and September. The EWS types varied significantly between functional plant types and plant families in both June and September. In June, the abaxial DCA ranged from 56° to 147°, and the adaxial DCA ranged from 56° to 136°. In September, the abaxial DCA ranged from 54° to 130°, and the adaxial DCA ranged from 51° to 125°. The effect of time, leaf side, and EWS type on leaf wettability were significant. Plant species which showed a change in EWS type or clustering from June to September did not show a more pronounced reduction in DCA compared to those species which exhibited a constant EWS type. Findings from our study illustrate that DCA is not a good indicator in determining the different EWS types due to overlapping DCA intervals between the identified EWS types. However, the identified EWS types remained fairly stable throughout the in-leaf season and do not require repeated measurements for characterization.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000508389000028	Publication Date	2019-12-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1618-8667	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	6.4	Times cited	5	Open Access
	Notes	; The research was funded by the Ontario Student Assistance Program (OSAP # 15103399). The SEM equipment was funded by FWO/Hercules. The authors acknowledge the help of the ENdEMIC group involved in the upkeep of the experimental site. The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their critical comments and constructive suggestions in improving the quality of the article. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 6.4; 2020 IF: 2.113
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:164906			Serial	5504
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Janssens, K.; van Espen, P.
	Title	A general-purpose interface between fortran and the low-level functions of the ibm-pc			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1988	Publication	Trends in analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	7	Issue	4	Pages	128-130
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Chemometrics (Mitac 3)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1988M999800003	Publication Date	2002-07-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0165-9936	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:149778			Serial	5450
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Bertrand, L.; Schoeeder, S.; Anglos, D.; Breese, M.B.H.; Janssens, K.; Moini, M.; Simon, A.
	Title	Mitigation strategies for radiation damage in the analysis of ancient materials			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	Trends in analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Trac-Trend Anal Chem
	Volume	66	Issue		Pages	128-145
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The study of materials in cultural heritage artifacts and micro-samples benefits from diagnostic techniques based on intense radiation sources, such as synchrotrons, ion-beam accelerators and lasers. While most of the corresponding techniques are classified as non-destructive, investigation with photons or charged particles entails a number of fundamental processes that may induce changes in materials. These changes depend on irradiation parameters, properties of materials and environmental factors. In some cases, radiation-induced damage may be detected by visual inspection. When it is not, irradiation may still lead to atomic and molecular changes resulting in immediate or delayed alteration and bias of future analyses. Here we review the effects of radiation reported on a variety of cultural heritage materials and describe the usual practice for assessing short-term and long-term effects. This review aims to raise awareness and encourage subsequent research activities to limit radiation side effects.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000352248200020	Publication Date	2014-12-22
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0165-9936	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.442	Times cited	35	Open Access
	Notes	; We wish to acknowledge the support of this initiative by the International Atomic Energy Agency. We gratefully thank Professor Manfred Schreiner of the Institute of Natural Sciences and Technology in the Arts (Akademie den bildenden Kunst, Vienna, Austria) for helpful discussions and insights on this work. We thank all colleagues who accepted to have their work reproduced in this review. IPANEMA at Synchrotron SOLEIL, the Hungarian Academy of Science and IESL-FORTH were supported within the Research Infrastructure program CHARISMA of the 7th Framework Programme of the EU (Grant Agreement no. 228330). MM's contribution is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant numbers CHE 1241672 and CHE 1440849. We thank Chris McGlinchey and Lauren Klein (Museum of Modern Art, New York, USA) for their critical rereading of the manuscript. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.442; 2015 IF: 6.472
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:124627			Serial	5729
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	Author	Janssens, K.; de Nolf, W.; van der Snickt, G.; Vincze, L.; Vekemans, B.; Terzano, R.; Brenker, F.E.
	Title	Recent trends in quantitative aspects of microscopic X-ray fluorescence analysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2010	Publication	Trends in analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Trac-Trend Anal Chem
	Volume	29	Issue	6	Pages	464-478
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000279235000014	Publication Date	2010-03-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0165-9936	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.442	Times cited	48	Open Access
	Notes	; This research was supported by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme-Belgian Science Policy (IUAP VI/16). The text also presents results of FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects nr. G.0704.08 and G.0179.09 and from the UA-BOF GOA programme. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 8.442; 2010 IF: 6.602
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:83903			Serial	5806
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	Author	Jambers, W.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Present and future applications of beam techniques in environmental microanalysis			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1996	Publication	Trends in analytical chemistry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	15	Issue		Pages	114-122
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1996UA48000006	Publication Date	2002-07-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0165-9936; 1879-3142	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:14641			Serial	8412
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	Author	Johansson, T.B.; Nelson, J.W.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Winchester, J.W.
	Title	Elemental analysis of aerosol-size fractions by proton-induced X-ray-emission			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1973	Publication	Transactions of the American Nuclear Society	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	17	Issue	Nov	Pages	103-103
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	A1973R161300114	Publication Date
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-018x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:113643			Serial	7880
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	Author	Drăgan, A.-M.; Parrilla, M.; Feier, B.; Oprean, R.; Cristea, C.; De Wael, K.
	Title	Analytical techniques for the detection of amphetamine-type substances in different matrices : a comprehensive review			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2021	Publication	Trac-Trends In Analytical Chemistry	Abbreviated Journal	Trac-Trend Anal Chem
	Volume	145	Issue		Pages	116447
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Electrochemical and Analytical Sciences Lab (A-Sense Lab)
	Abstract	This current review focuses on contributions to amphetamine-type substances (ATS) analysis. This type of synthetic illicit drugs has been increasingly present worldwide reaching 5% of the market on illicit drugs in 2019. The increment of their production in many clandestine laboratories and easy distribution among society are two of the main concerns towards the battle against synthetic drugs. Therefore, the first part of this review details the classification and mechanism of action of ATS in the human body. Second, the pharmacological and toxicological effects of ATS on human health are described to motivate the need of early detection of ATS. Subsequently, the most used laboratory-based and portable methods are presented and critically discussed along the review. Finally, a careful discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of portable techniques employed on the field are addressed as potential tools for on-site ATS detection by law enforcement officers.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000723747000009	Publication Date	2021-09-30
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0165-9936; 1879-3142	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	8.442	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 8.442
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:183268			Serial	7460
Permanent link to this record