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	Author	De Vis, K.; Jembrih-Simbürger, D.; Schalm, O.; Schreiner, M.; Caen, J.
	Title	Einfluss verschiedener Silbersalze auf die Farbintensität von Silbergelb : analytische Untersuchungen			Type	A2 Journal article
	Year	2002	Publication	Zeitschrift für Kunsttechnologie und Konservierung	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	16	Issue	1	Pages	147-157
	Keywords	A2 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0931-7198	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:107748			Serial	7855
Permanent link to this record



	Author	van der Linden, V.; Schalm, O.; Houbraken, J.; Thomas, M.; Meesdom, E.; Devos, A.; van Dooren, R.; Nieuwdorp, H.; Janssen, E.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Chemical analysis of 16th to 19th century Limoges School painted enamel objects in three museums of the Low Countries			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2010	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal	X-Ray Spectrom
	Volume	39	Issue	2	Pages	112-121
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	In this study, the results of analysing of a series of 16th-19th century painted enamel objects of the Limoges School currently in collections in three Dutch and Flemish museums by means of portable and micro x-ray fluorescence analysis (PXRF and µ-XRF) and electron probe micro analysis (EPMA) are presented. The aim of the investigation was the authentication of specific pieces. Therefore, the glass compositions as well as the (glass) colouring agents used by the Limoges' artists were studied as a function of the age of the objects. Due to the evolution of these properties, it is possible to approximately date these objects based on their chemical composition. The complete émail peint collection of the Museum Boijmans-Van Beuningen (Rotterdam, The Netherlands), consisting of 20 émail peint plaques, was analysed with µ-XRF. Quantitative information was obtained by EPMA analysis of 15 enamel fragments of objects from museum and private collections in the Low Countries. PXRF analyses were performed on the painted enamel collection of the Antwerp Vleeshuis Museum (13 objects) and the Mayer van den Bergh Museum (4 objects) and on a set of 18 plaques that were donated to the Boijmans-Van Beuningen Museum by a private collector. The results obtained by means of EPMA, µ-XRF and PXRF proved to be useful in the discrimination of 16th century painted enamel objects from those of the19th century. From a total of 70 objects examined, 2 objects (OM964A and OM993) featured a chemical signature that deviated from the published literature composition and pigment use consistent with its presumed period of manufacture.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000275959400007	Publication Date	2009-08-11
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.298	Times cited	8	Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.298; 2010 IF: 1.661
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:82325			Serial	5509
Permanent link to this record



	Author	van der Snickt, G.; Janssens, K.; Schalm, O.; Aibéo, C.; Kloust, H.; Alfeld, M.
	Title	James Ensor's pigment use: artistic and material evolution studied by means of portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2010	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal	X-Ray Spectrom
	Volume	39	Issue	2	Pages	103-111
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	In this paper, portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (PXRF) was employed as a screening tool for determining and comparing the pigment use in a large series of paintings by the Belgian artist James Ensor (1860-1949). Benefits and drawbacks of PXRF as a method, and the instrument employed, are discussed from a practical, conservation and instrumental perspective. Regardless of several restrictions due to the set-up and/or the analytical method, it appeared feasible to document the evolution with time in Ensor's use of inorganic pigments and to correlate this technical evolution with stylistic developments, Nevertheless, it became clear that a full identification of all materials present can only be done by means of the analysis of (cross-sectioned) samples.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000275959400006	Publication Date	2009-12-15
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.298	Times cited	25	Open Access
	Notes	; This research was supported by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme – Belgian Science Policy (IUAP VI/16). The staff of the different museums and private institutions is acknowledged for rendering their assistance to this research, i.e. by making all paintings available for analysis and authorising the publication of the images in this article. Therefore, a word of gratitude to Paul Huvenne, Yolande Deckers, Herwig Todts, Stef Antonissen, Gwen Borms and Lizet Klaassen of the Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten Antwerpen (KMSKA), Luuk Van der Loeff of the Kroller-Muller Museum in Otterlo and Mireille Engel, Barbara De Jong of the Musea aan Zee (MuZee), Patricia Jaspers of the Dexia bank, Hildegard Van de Velde of the KBC bank and Frederik Leen of the Koninklijke Musea voor Schone Kunsten van Belgie (KMSKB). Special thanks to Xavier Tricot and the other members of the Ensor committee for their valuable feedback. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.298; 2010 IF: 1.661
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:82324			Serial	5680
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Janssens, K.; Vittiglio, G.; Deraedt, I.; Aerts, A.; Vekemans, B.; Vincze, L.; Wei, F.; de Ryck, I.; Schalm, O.; Adams, F.; Rindby, A.; Knöchel, A.; Simionovici, A.S.; Snigirev, A.
	Title	Use of microscopic XRF for non-destructive analysis in art an archaeometry			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2000	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal	X-Ray Spectrom
	Volume	29	Issue		Pages	73-91
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000085107800010	Publication Date	2002-08-25
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.298	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.298; 2000 IF: 1.478
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:27561			Serial	5897
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kuczumov, A.; Vekemans, B.; Schalm, O.; Vincze, L.; Dorriné, W.; Gysels, K.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Application of auxiliary signals in X-ray fluorescence and electron microprobe analysis for density evaluation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1999	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	28	Issue		Pages	282-291
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000081693400014	Publication Date	2002-09-10
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:27584			Serial	7467
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Cabal, A.; Schalm, O.; Eyskens, P.; Willems, P.; Harth, A.; van Espen, P.
	Title	Comparison of x-ray absorption and emission techniques for the investigation of paintings			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2015	Publication	X-ray spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	44	Issue	3	Pages	141-148
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
	Abstract	Four x-ray techniques: computed radiography, emission radiography, energy-resolved radiography and imaging x-ray fluorescence were compared using four mock-up panel paintings. The paintings have different stratigraphy and pigments and are representative for different historical periods. One of the paintings has a hidden underlying painting. The type of pigments used mainly influences the information obtained by both the emission and absorption measurements; high-Z white pigment and high-Z color pigments giving the best contrast. Each of the techniques revealed interesting aspects of the paintings, but none of them could reveal the hidden painting to a satisfactory level. Due to the statistical quality of the spectral data, x-ray fluorescence gives elemental images with high contrast. The radiographic images are better to reveal the internal structure. Imaging x-ray fluorescence and energy-resolved radiography measurements can be done simultaneously, and the combination has the highest potential for the study of complex multilayer paintings. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000353644500010	Publication Date	2015-02-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0049-8246	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:126016			Serial	7698
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Schalm, O.; Cabal, A.; Anaf, W.; Leyva Pernia, D.; Callier, J.; Ortega, N.
	Title	A decision support system for preventive conservation : from measurements towards decision making			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2019	Publication	The European Physical Journal Plus	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	134	Issue	2	Pages	74-11
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Antwerp Systems and software Modelling (AnSyMo); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
	Abstract	We present a decision-support system that guides heritage guardians in selecting mitigation actions to improve the indoor air quality and thus the preservation conditions of indoor collections in heritage buildings. This contribution shows that it is feasible to build a decision support system dedicated to preventive conservation when the following barriers are overcome: 1) simultaneous measurement of a wide range of environmental parameters in order to detect a larger number of undesired situations; 2) development of an algorithm to perform reproducible indoor air quality assessments; and 3) transformation of the air quality assessment into a graph that can be read intuitively without causing a wide variation of interpretations among stakeholders. An important aspect of the decision support system is that it reduces several sources of uncertainty that hamper reliable indoor air quality assessments. The possibilities of such a system are illustrated with a measurement campaign in a church where a heating system has been installed and used for the first time.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000459506300002	Publication Date	2019-02-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2190-5444	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:157817			Serial	7756
Permanent link to this record



	Author	van der Snickt, G.; Schalm, O.; Caen, J.; Janssens, K.; Schreiner, M.
	Title	Blue enamel on sixteenth- and seventeenth-century window glass : deterioration, microstructure, composition and preparation			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2006	Publication	Studies in conservation	Abbreviated Journal	Stud Conserv
	Volume	51	Issue		Pages	212-222
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000241941100006	Publication Date	2014-01-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0039-3630; 2047-0584	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	0.578	Times cited	8	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 0.578; 2006 IF: 0.609
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:60712			Serial	5492
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Schalm, O.; Caen, J.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Homogeneity, composition and deterioration of window glass fragments and paint layers from two seventeenth-century stained glass windows created by Jan de Caumont (similar to 1580-1659)			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2010	Publication	Studies in conservation	Abbreviated Journal	Stud Conserv
	Volume	55	Issue	3	Pages	216-226
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000285283600009	Publication Date	2014-01-09
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0039-3630; 2047-0584	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	0.578	Times cited	2	Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 0.578; 2010 IF: 0.605
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:85835			Serial	5645
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Schalm, O.; van der Linden, V.; Frederickx, P.; Luyten, S.; van der Snickt, G.; Caen, J.; Schryvers, D.; Janssens, K.; Cornelis, E.; van Dyck, D.; Schreiner, M.
	Title	Enamels in stained glass windows: preparation, chemical composition, microstructure and causes of deterioration			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy	Abbreviated Journal	Spectrochim Acta B
	Volume	64	Issue	8	Pages	812-820
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Vision lab
	Abstract	Stained glass windows incorporating dark blue and purple enamel paint layers are in some cases subject to severe degradation while others from the same period survived the ravages of time. A series of dark blue, greenblue and purple enamel glass paints from the same region (Northwestern Europe) and from the same period (16early 20th centuries) has been studied by means of a combination of microscopic X-ray fluorescence analysis, electron probe micro analysis and transmission electron microscopy with the aim of better understanding the causes of the degradation. The chemical composition of the enamels diverges from the average chemical composition of window glass. Some of the compositions appear to be unstable, for example those with a high concentration of K2O and a low content of CaO and PbO. In other cases, the deterioration of the paint layers was caused by the less than optimal vitrification of the enamel during the firing process. Recipes and chemical compositions indicate that glassmakers of the 1617th century had full control over the color of the enamel glass paints they made. They mainly used three types of coloring agents, based on Co (dark blue), Mn (purple) and Cu (light-blue or greenblue) as coloring elements. Bluepurple enamel paints were obtained by mixing two different coloring agents. The coloring agent for redpurple enamel, introduced during the 19th century, was colloidal gold embedded in grains of lead glass.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Oxford	Editor
	Language		Wos	000269995300018	Publication Date	2009-06-19
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0584-8547;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.241	Times cited	28	Open Access
	Notes	Iuap Vi/6; Fwo; Goa			Approved	Most recent IF: 3.241; 2009 IF: 2.719
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:79647			Serial	1035
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Schalm, O.; Janssens, K.; Caen, J.
	Title	Characterization of the main causes of deterioration of grisaille paint layers in 19th C. stained-glass windows by J.-B. Capronnier			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2003	Publication	Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy	Abbreviated Journal	Spectrochim Acta B
	Volume	58	Issue	4	Pages	589-607
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Twenty-seven glass fragments containing dark coloured grisaille paint layers of different qualities were collected from ten windows of the cathedral St. Michael & St. Gudule in Brussels (Belgium). The windows were made by J.-B. Capronnier (18141891) and cover the period between 1843 and 1878. The samples were cross-sectioned and examined in an electron microscope. Grisaille paint layers are not homogeneous and therefore, it is not meaningful to characterize them in terms of their average composition. Instead, parameters such as granularity, the number of residual gas bubbles per running millimetre of paint, the type of pigments, and the thickness of the paint layer were used to characterize them. The microscopic morphology allows a classification of the grisaille paint layers in four groups, every group associated with a quality level. Moreover, the main causes of the accelerated degradation of some of these paint layers could be explained. The classification made it possible to distinguish two periods in the work of Capronnier: (1) the early period (18431848) is characterized by the presence of either single granular paint layers or of double-layered systems consisting of a granular paint layer on top of a well-melted paint layer. The granular grisaille paint layers tend to pulverize; (2) the later period (18481878) is characterized by the presence of only well-vitrified paint layers. No sign of deterioration was found on the well-vitrified paint layers.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000182744200002	Publication Date	2003-04-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0584-8547; 0038-6987	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.241	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.241; 2003 IF: 2.361
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:41208			Serial	5505
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Schalm, O.; Janssens, K.
	Title	A flexible and accurate quantification algorithm for EPXMA based on thin-film element yields			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2003	Publication	Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy	Abbreviated Journal	Spectrochim Acta B
	Volume	58	Issue	4	Pages	669-680
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000182744200010	Publication Date	2003-04-23
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0584-8547; 0038-6987	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.241	Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.241; 2003 IF: 2.361
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:41205			Serial	5623
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Schalm, O.; Janssens, K.; Wouters, H.; Caluwé, D.
	Title	Composition of 12-18th century window glass in Belgium : non-figurative windows in secular buildings and stained-glass windows in religious buildings			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2007	Publication	Spectrochimica acta: part B : atomic spectroscopy T2 – 18th International Congress on X-Ray Optics and Microanalysis, September 25-30, 2005, National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Frascati, Italy	Abbreviated Journal	Spectrochim Acta B
	Volume	62	Issue	6-7	Pages	663-668
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	A set of ca. 500 window glass fragments originating from different historical sites in Belgium and covering the period 12(th)- 18(th) century was analyzed by rneans of electron probe microanalysis. Most samples are archaeological finds deriving from non-figurative windows in secular buildings. However. the analyzed set also contains glass sampled from still existing non-figurative windows in secular buildings and stained-glass windows in religious buildings. A sudden compositional change at the end of the 14(th) century can be noticed among the series of glass compositions that were obtained. These changes could be related to the use of different glassmaker recipes and to the introduction of new raw materials for glass making. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000249213700026	Publication Date	2007-03-19
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0584-8547; 0038-6987	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.241	Times cited	50	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.241; 2007 IF: 2.957
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:102662			Serial	5538
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Schalm, O.; Caluwé, D.; Wouters, H.; Janssens, K.; Verhaeghe, F.; Pieters, M.
	Title	Chemical composition and deterioration of glass excavated in the 15th-16th century fishermen town of Raversijde (Belgium)			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2004	Publication	Spectrochimica acta: part A: molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy	Abbreviated Journal	Spectrochim Acta A
	Volume	59	Issue		Pages	1647-1656
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The chemical composition, as determined by electron probe X-ray microanalysis of a series of ca. 100 archaeological glass fragments, excavated at the Raversijde site (Belgium) is discussed. In the 15th-16th century, Raversijde was a flourishing fishermen town located on the shore of the North Sea, close to the city of Ostend. As a consequence of several battles that were fought in its vicinity, the site was abandoned in the 16th century and was not occupied since then. It is one of the rare archaeological sites in Europe that contains a significant amount of information on the daily life inside a small but affluent medieval community. A comparison of the chemical composition of fragments of vessels and window glass encountered in Raversijde to those found in urban centres in Belgium and to literature date on German and French archaeological finds shows that glass made with wood ash dominates. Usually, it concerns artifacts with a predominantly utilitarian use. A few objects made with sodic (i.e., Na-rich) glass were also encountered, likely to have been imported from Venice during the 15th century or in later periods from an urban centre such as Antwerp, where Facon-de-Venice glass manufacturing activities were established near the start of the 16th century. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000224848000021	Publication Date	2004-10-13
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1386-1425	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.536	Times cited	26	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.536; 2004 IF: 1.188
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:49011			Serial	5512
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Anaf, W.; Cabal, A.; Robbe, M.; Schalm, O.
	Title	Real-time wood behaviour : the use of strain gauges for preventive conservation applications			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2020	Publication	Sensors	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	20	Issue	1	Pages	305
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
	Abstract	Within the heritage field, the application of strain gauges on wood surfaces is a little-explored but inexpensive and effective method to analyse the environmental appropriateness of rooms for the wooden heritage collections they contain. This contribution proposes a wood sensor connected to a data logger to identify short moments with an elevated risk of harm. Two experiments were performed to obtain insights pertaining to the applicability of wood sensors to evaluate preservation conditions. (1) The representativeness of strain gauges on dummies was tested for their use in evaluating the preservation conditions of a range of wooden objects exposed to the same environment. For this, three situations were mimicked: a bare wood surface, a wood surface covered with a preparation layer, and a wood surface covered with a preparation and varnish layer. (2) The usability of strain gauges to monitor the wood behaviour in real-time measurements was tested with a monitoring campaign of almost two years in a church where a new heating system was installed. The results of both experiments are promising, and the authors encourage a broader application of strain gauges in the heritage field.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000510493100305	Publication Date	2020-01-06
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes	; This research was funded by the Belgian Federal Public Planning Service Science Policy (BELSPO) under project number BR/132/A6/AIRCHECQ. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:166595			Serial	6592
Permanent link to this record



	Author	van der Linden, V.; Bultinck, E.; de Ruytter, J.; Schalm, O.; Janssens, K.; Devos, W.; Tiri, W.
	Title	Compositional analysis of 17-18th century archaeological glass fragments, excavated in Mechelen, Belgium: comparison with data from neighboring cities in the Low Countries			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2005	Publication	Nuclear instruments and methods in physics research: B: beam interactions with materials and atoms	Abbreviated Journal	Nucl Instrum Meth B
	Volume	239	Issue	1/2	Pages	100-106
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Plasma Lab for Applications in Sustainability and Medicine – Antwerp (PLASMANT)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	Amsterdam	Editor
	Language		Wos	000233514700013	Publication Date	2005-08-19
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0168-583X;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.109	Times cited	15	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 1.109; 2005 IF: 1.181
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:56068			Serial	444
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Åmit, Å.; Janssens, K.; Schalm, O.; Kos, M.
	Title	Spread of façon-de-Venise glassmaking through central and western Europe			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2004	Publication	Nuclear instruments and methods in physics research B	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	213	Issue		Pages	717-722
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000187020700143	Publication Date
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:45376			Serial	5843
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	Author	Wagner, B.; Nowak, A.; Bulska, E.; Kunicki-Goldfinger, J.; Schalm, O.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Analiza pierwiastkowa zabytkowych obiektów szklanych			Type	A3 Journal article
	Year	2008	Publication	Nauka i Zabytki	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	71-82
	Keywords	A3 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:115027			Serial	5465
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	Author	Janssens, K.H.; Deraedt, I.; Schalm, O.; Veeckman, J.
	Title	Composition of 15-17th century archaeological glass vessels excavated in Antwerp, Belgium			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1998	Publication	Mikrochimica acta: supplementum	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	15	Issue		Pages	253-267
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000075322100036	Publication Date
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0076-8642	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:22213			Serial	5540
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	Author	Wagner, B.; Nowak, A.; Bulska, E.; Kunicki-Goldfinger, J.; Schalm, O.; Janssens, K.; schalm
	Title	Complementary analysis of historical glass by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and laser ablation inductiveley coupled plasma mass spectrometry			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2008	Publication	Microchimica acta	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	162	Issue	3-4	Pages	415-424
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000258194900014	Publication Date	2007-10-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited	28	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:70565			Serial	5533
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	Author	Aibéo, C.L.; Goffin, S.; Schalm, O.; van der Snickt, G.; Laquière, N.; Eyskens, P.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Micro-Raman analysis for the identification of pigments from 19th and 20th century paintings			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2008	Publication	Journal of Raman spectroscopy	Abbreviated Journal	J Raman Spectrosc
	Volume	39	Issue	8	Pages	1091-1098
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	In this article, results using confocal µ-Raman to analyse the cross-section of paint samples are presented. Results obtained with light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with an energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and micro-X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF) are mentioned and compared to the ones obtained with confocal (MRS). In some cases, pigment identification was possible only by combining analytical results from different techniques. The samples were drawn from five paintings belonging to the Academy of Fine Arts of Antwerp, which are part of a collection of 34 paintings made by students from the Academy between 1819 and 1920. Since, on the one hand, the painting techniques and materials, especially pigments, used in this period are still not completely known, and on the other hand, this collection constitutes a very important and reliable resource of information, these paintings were chosen for a systematic investigation. They represent the evolution of painting in Belgium over approximately a century.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000259242100020	Publication Date	2008-05-16
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0377-0486	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.969	Times cited	28	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.969; 2008 IF: 3.526
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:74467			Serial	5716
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	Author	Schalm, O.; Anaf, W.
	Title	Laminated altered layers in historical glass : density variations of silica nanoparticle random packings as explanation for the observed lamellae			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2016	Publication	Journal of non-crystalline solids	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	442	Issue		Pages	1-16
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
	Abstract	One of the most striking but unexplained phenomena in the natural degradation of glass is the transformation of an almost colorless, transparent and homogeneous glass into a colored, opaque and heterogeneous degradation layer. In many cases, the degradation layer consists of numerous lamellae with a thickness between 0.1 and 10 pm. However, both internal structure and formation proess of laminated degradation layers remain unclear. In this paper, a model is proposed where we assume that transformed (degraded) glass consists of a random packing of nano-sized silica particles while the lamellae are the result of different packing densities. The model is able to connect the texture of numerous lamellae observed by several types of microscopic techniques with the structure at molecular level determined by means of chemical analysis. In addition, the model is able to explain numerous properties such as the parameters responsible for the contrast between lamellae. This contrast can be caused by differences in color, density, elemental composition, or surface roughness. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000375809800001	Publication Date	2016-04-05
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-3093	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:133634			Serial	8146
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	Author	Schalm, O.; Nuyts, G.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Some critical observations about the degradation of glass : the formation of lamellae explained			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2021	Publication	Journal Of Non-Crystalline Solids	Abbreviated Journal	J Non-Cryst Solids
	Volume	569	Issue		Pages	120984
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	This study demonstrates that the mechanism responsible for the transformation of glass into a degradation layer is pH-dependent. In acid conditions, the transformed glass is homogeneous and brittle. In mild alkaline conditions, transformed glass is heterogeneous due to the presence of lamellae composed of silica nanoparticles and the occurrence of Ca-rich inclusions. The fundamental difference between acid and alkaline conditions cannot be explained by the currently accepted degradation mechanism based on ion exchange. To explain this critical observation, we propose a refined degradation mechanism based on existing knowledge that involves several inwardly moving reaction fronts. The fronts responsible for the transformation of the silicate network into amorphous silica are also responsible for the morphology of the transformed glass. We have identified the feedback mechanism that explains the formation of lamellae in alkaline conditions.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000674487200009	Publication Date	2021-06-20
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-3093	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	2.124	Times cited		Open Access	OpenAccess
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 2.124
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:179835			Serial	8551
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	Author	Cosyns, P.; Vanderhoeven, A.; Vynckier, G.; Janssens, K.; Schalm, O.; Vanderlinden, V.
	Title	Two fragments of mold-blown glass beakers with Greek inscriptions from Tongeren (Belgium)			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2005	Publication	Journal of glass studies	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	47	Issue		Pages	179-183
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos		Publication Date
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0075-4250	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:56123			Serial	5883
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	Author	Grieten, E.; Schalm, O.; Tack, P.; Bauters, S.; Storme, P.; Gauquelin, N.; Caen, J.; Patelli, A.; Vincze, L.; Schryvers, D.
	Title	Reclaiming the image of daguerreotypes: Characterization of the corroded surface before and after atmospheric plasma treatment			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Journal of cultural heritage	Abbreviated Journal	J Cult Herit
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Art; History; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
	Abstract	Technological developments such as atmospheric plasma jets for industry can be adapted for the conservation of cultural heritage. This application might offer a potential method for the removal or transformation of the corrosion on historical photographs. We focus on daguerreotypes and present an in-depth study of the induced changes by a multi-analytical approach using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, different types of transmission electron microscopy and X-ray absorption fine structure. The H2-He afterglow removes S from an Ag2S or Cu2S layer which results in a nano-layer of metallic Ag or Cu on top of the deteriorated microstructure. In case the corrosion layer is composed of Cu-Ag-S compounds, our proposed setup can be used to partially remove the corrosion. These alterations of the corrosion results in an improvement in the readability of the photographic image.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000414230700007	Publication Date	2017-06-16
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1296-2074	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.838	Times cited	9	Open Access	Not_Open_Access
	Notes	The authors thank Herman Maes for the daguerreotypes used in this study. The authors also acknowledge the opportunity to perform XAFS measurements at the DUBBLE beamline of the ESRF storage ring under the approval of the advisory Committee (beam time nr. 26-01-990) and acknowledge the DUBBLE beamline staff for their support. They are also grateful for the financial support by the EU-FP7 grant PANNA no. 282998 and the STIMPRO project FFB150215 of the University of Antwerp. Pieter Tack is funded by a Ph.D. grant of the Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT).			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.838
	Call Number	EMAT @ emat @c:irua:144430			Serial	4625
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	Author	Schalm, O.; de Raedt, I.; Caen, J.; Janssens, K.
	Title	A methodology for the identification of glass panes of different origin in a single stained glass window: application on two 13th century windows			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2010	Publication	Journal of cultural heritage	Abbreviated Journal	J Cult Herit
	Volume	11	Issue	4	Pages	487-492
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	The chemical composition of 11 glass panes originating from two 13th century non-figurative windows were analyzed by means of Scanning Electron MicroscopyEnergy Dispersive X-ray system (SEM-EDX). The windows were discovered in the back-wall of the triforium during the restoration of the choir of the cathedral St. Michael and St. Gudule in Brussels (Belgium). In order to determine if these windows were fabricated with glass of different origin or not, the compositional difference between the panes were compared with the variation in composition as a result of the following causes: (1) compositional fluctuation between panes cut from the same sheet of glass, (2) compositional fluctuation caused when panes are cut from different sheets that were made with the same batch, (3) compositional fluctuation caused when the glass is made from different batches at the same production center, and (4) compositional fluctuation as a result of glass produced at different fabrication centers.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000282680500016	Publication Date	2010-07-07
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1296-2074	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	1.838	Times cited	7	Open Access
	Notes	; ;			Approved	Most recent IF: 1.838; 2010 IF: 1.162
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:84942			Serial	5707
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	Author	Vandevoorde, D.; Pamplona, M.; Schalm, O.; Vanhellemont, Y.; Cnudde, V.; Verhaeven, E.
	Title	Contact sponge method : performance of a promising tool for measuring the initial water absorption			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2009	Publication	Journal of cultural heritage	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	10	Issue	1	Pages	41-47
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Porous limestone and mortar are able to absorb large quantities of water. This phenomenon will accelerate the deterioration of the material. In such cases, the material might be treated with a hydrophobic product, which creates a superficial layer that hampers the penetration of water. In order to decide if such a treatment should be applied or not, the water absorbing behaviour of the material should be measured. With the same measuring technique the efficiency of the hydrophobic barrier can be evaluated. Moreover, it allows the monitoring of such barriers as a function of time. At the same time, the water absorption of porous stone material is an indication of the degree of deterioration and its sensitivity to future deterioration. Up to now, two different measuring techniques exist, but one can only be used in laboratory and the other, which can be operated in laboratory as well as in situ, is not always reliable for in situ analyses. This article proposes an alternative method: the contact sponge method. This recently developed method was tested on non-treated porous stone materials in a laboratory environment in order to evaluate its performance in comparison with the two existing methods.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000264831900005	Publication Date	2009-03-14
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1296-2074	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:115023			Serial	7728
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	Author	Lopes, F.; Lima, A.; Pires de Matos, A.; Custódio, J.; Cagno, S.; Schalm, O.; Janssens, K.
	Title	Characterization of 18th century Portuguese glass from Real Fábrica de Vidros de Coina			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2017	Publication	Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	14	Issue		Pages	137-145
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Engineering sciences. Technology; Art; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation); Antwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES)
	Abstract	This work reports the first systematic chemical characterization of Portuguese 18th century glassware. 28 selected glass fragments, recovered from an archaeological excavation carried out in the site where King D. João V of Portugal established an important glass manufacture, Real Fábrica de Vidros de Coina (Coina Royal Glass Factory), were studied. This factory operated from 1719 until 1747, the year in which the factory was transferred to Marinha Grande. The fragments were analysed by micro-energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (micro-EDXRF), using a portable spectrometer ArtTAX, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX). The analytical data showed that a large variety of glass types was manufactured in that factory, namely soda-lime glass, mixed-alkali glass, high lime-low alkali glass, potash glass and lead glass. In general, the composition of the glass varies according to the function of the objects. It was demonstrated that micro-EDXRF can be an important tool to characterize museum glass objects when only in situ non-invasive analytical methods are allowed.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000415616700015	Publication Date	2017-05-31
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2352-409x	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited	3	Open Access
	Notes	; This study was supported by FCT (Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia) under the project POCI/HAR/55882/2004 and UID/EAT/00729/2013. The PhD grant SFRH/BD/ 85329/2012 by FCT to Filipa Lopes is also acknowledged. The authors are grateful to Rosario Gil and Camara Municipal do Barreiro for their help in accessing the archaeological glass collection. We would like to thank in particular Manuela Almeida Ferreira for her valuable support in this project. ;			Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:143545			Serial	5500
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	Author	Kuczumov, A.; Vekemans, B.; Schalm, O.; Dorriné, W.; Chevallier, P.; Dillmann, P.; Ro, C.-U.; Janssens, K.; Van Grieken, R.
	Title	Analyses of petrified wood by electron, X-ray and optical microprobes			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	1999	Publication	Journal of analytical atomic spectroscopy	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	14	Issue		Pages	435-446
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Wos	000079138500016	Publication Date	2002-07-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor		Times cited		Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: NA
	Call Number	UA @ admin @ c:irua:22889			Serial	5466
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	Author	Jembrih-Simbürger, D.; Neelmeijer, C.; Schalm, O.; Fredrickx, P.; Schreiner, M.; De Vis, K.; Mäder, M.; Schryvers, D.; Caen, J.
	Title	The colour of silver stained glass : analytical investigations carried out with XRF, SEM/EDX, TEM and IBA			Type	A1 Journal article
	Year	2002	Publication	Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry	Abbreviated Journal	J Anal Atom Spectrom
	Volume	17	Issue		Pages	321-328
	Keywords	A1 Journal article; Art; Electron microscopy for materials research (EMAT); AXES (Antwerp X-ray Analysis, Electrochemistry and Speciation)
	Abstract	Glass treated on its surface with silver compounds and an aluminosilicate, such as ochre or clay, at higher temperatures (between 550 and 650 °C) accepts a wide variety of a yellow colour. It is the aim of this study to investigate the parameters of the manufacturing process affecting the final colour of silver stained glass and to correlate them with the final colour and colour intensity. Therefore, defined mixtures of ochre and a silver compound (AgCl, AgNO3, Ag2SO4, Ag3PO4, Ag2O) were prepared and applied on soda-lime glass. The firing process was modified within the range from 563 to 630 °C and glass samples were analysed after treatment with energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis (EDXRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), as well as ion beam analysis (IBA) with an external beam. Within the scope of IBA simultaneous measurements using particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE), particle-induced gamma-ray emission (PIGE), and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) were carried out in order to obtain the thickness of the Ag-rich surface layer and the depth distribution of Ag. By means of TEM the microstructure of the silver particles was visualised. XRF results show that the lowest amount of Ag could be detected on glass samples treated with silver stain mixtures containing AgCl and Ag2O. A low kiln temperature (e.g. 563 °C) results in a higher silver concentration at the surface and lower penetration depths. Furthermore, the results obtained with SEM/EDX at cross-sections of the glass samples could be confirmed by PIXE, PIGE, RBS, and TEM.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication	London	Editor
	Language		Wos	000175158900001	Publication Date	2002-07-26
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0267-9477;1364-5544;	ISBN		Additional Links	UA library record; WoS full record; WoS citing articles
	Impact Factor	3.379	Times cited	42	Open Access
	Notes				Approved	Most recent IF: 3.379; 2002 IF: 4.250
	Call Number	UA @ lucian @ c:irua:48775			Serial	395
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